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Articles 3421 - 3450 of 3895

Full-Text Articles in Systems Science

Stability Analysis Of Post-Fault Power Angle Based On Relevance Vector Machine, Haiying Li, Zhuocheng Xue Jan 2019

Stability Analysis Of Post-Fault Power Angle Based On Relevance Vector Machine, Haiying Li, Zhuocheng Xue

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: Energy interconnection has become a hot topic in the current research.With the large-scale of new energy into the grid, the safe operation of power system is facing new challenges. On line fast stability analysis is one of the effective ways to solve this problem. Traditional power system transient safety analysis method is difficult to adapt to the on-line analysis, and the further development of large data processing and machine learning provides a new way of thinking. The classification model of relevance vector machine (RVM) based on Bayesian framework is used to design a kind of power angle classification strategy. …

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Simulation And Analysis Of Atmospheric Effects On Height Deriving From Insar, Xintian Wang, Guowang Jin, Xiong Xin, Hongmin Zhang, Xu Qing Jan 2019

Simulation And Analysis Of Atmospheric Effects On Height Deriving From Insar, Xintian Wang, Guowang Jin, Xiong Xin, Hongmin Zhang, Xu Qing

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: The atmospheric phase delay caused by tropospheric water vapor (WV) is an important factor to the precision of repeat-pass mode interferometry synthetic aperture radar (InSAR). To study the WV effect quantitatively, the regulation of WV effect in repeat-pass InSAR is analyzed and the simulation scheme is designed in which the DEM and WV model is used to simulate InSAR interferogram and WV delay phase, and the derived height is analyzed. The experiment is performed by using systems and baseline parameters of SAR images of Henan;WV effected interferogram is simulated using DEM and vertical layered WV model; and the derived …

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Trust Model And Simulation Of E-Commerce Based On Social Networks, Yu Zhen, Zhu Jie, Guicheng Shen Jan 2019

Trust Model And Simulation Of E-Commerce Based On Social Networks, Yu Zhen, Zhu Jie, Guicheng Shen

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: In the current e-commerce industry, users need to check for the historical evaluation of the commodity before buying goods mostly, but false recommendations and massive redundancy recommendation problem which widely exists at present seriously affect the effectiveness and accuracy of users’ obtaining recommendations. For getting trust in e-commerce transactions, an e-commerce trust model SNTrust based on social networks is proposed. In SNTrust model, each user maintains a trusted social network set; a topological structure of the user information diffusion in the social network is described in the model, and the recommendation node trust is introduced to measure its credibility, …

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Quadrotor Attitude Control Based On An Improved Adrc, Wang Biao, Chaoying Tang, Daqing Kong Jan 2019

Quadrotor Attitude Control Based On An Improved Adrc, Wang Biao, Chaoying Tang, Daqing Kong

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: An improved attitude control scheme for the quadrotor is proposed based on active disturbance rejection control (ADRC). The attitude dynamics of the quadrotor is modelled and analysed. The influence of actuator characteristics is discussed to establish an extended state observer (ESO). Based on it, the ESO is compensated by the delay unit and its discrete state equations are given. Nonlinear function of previous studies is used to construct nonlinear state error feedback (NLSEF). The simulation results show that the ESO with compensation of the delay unit gets better estimation of disturbance and compensates to disturbance better than the ESO …

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Research On Concession Period Performance Of Highway Ppp Project Based On Pavement Maintenance, Zhang Hong, Rongbei Zheng, Wenshan Qiao Jan 2019

Research On Concession Period Performance Of Highway Ppp Project Based On Pavement Maintenance, Zhang Hong, Rongbei Zheng, Wenshan Qiao

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: There are long-term dynamic and interactive relationships among highway pavement performance, user satisfaction, maintenance costs and profits, government satisfaction and related decisions in the life cycle pavement maintenance. Based on analyses of dynamic impacts and complexity of stakeholders’ behaviors around the highway pavement maintenance, a system dynamics (SD) model of the concession period performance for the highway public-private-partnership (PPP) project is established. Based on simulation experimental analysis of an example, validation and application of the proposed SD model are illustrated. Through sensitivity analysis, the influences of different stakeholders such as government, private investors, and users on the concession …

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Simulation And Experimental Verification Of Grinding Force Based On Different Directions Of Ultrasonic Vibration, Wang Yan, Qin Chen, Jianguo Liu, Shuiping Peng, Delin Li Jan 2019

Simulation And Experimental Verification Of Grinding Force Based On Different Directions Of Ultrasonic Vibration, Wang Yan, Qin Chen, Jianguo Liu, Shuiping Peng, Delin Li

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: The method based on variable angle of ultrasonic vibration assisted grinding was put forward to identify the relationship between direction of ultrasonic vibration and grinding force. The trajectory of grit in contact zone was analyzed. The stress field of contact zone and the grinding force, which were based on the different directions of ultrasonic vibration, were simulated and analyzed by Deform-3D. A series of grinding experiments of GCr15 were conducted. It demonstrates that with the angle α increasing, the grinding force firstly decreased and then increased. The experiment results showed that the error of normal force is 5.23% and …

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Block-Based Evolutionary Algorithm For Permutation Flow-Shop Scheduling Problem, Xiaobing Pei, Zhao Heng Jan 2019

Block-Based Evolutionary Algorithm For Permutation Flow-Shop Scheduling Problem, Xiaobing Pei, Zhao Heng

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: To solve the permutation flow-shop scheduling problem(PFSP), an effective new global evolutionary algorithm based on block model is developed. The probability model is built based on the information of job position through sample and statistic on the good chromosomes, and the association rule is applied to extract continuous or discontinuous blocks which contain job information respectively. The superiority blocks with position probability model for artificial chromosome combinations are integrated. The disadvantage gene is excavated according to the inferior chromosome and used for the later mutation operation. Two efficient local search methods called position model-based interchange and NEH-based insertion are …

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Air Admission Feature And Discharge Coefficient Of Fixed Conical Valve, Chengbiao Tong, Zhixiong Zhou, Qiuxia Yan Jan 2019

Air Admission Feature And Discharge Coefficient Of Fixed Conical Valve, Chengbiao Tong, Zhixiong Zhou, Qiuxia Yan

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: The complicated flow pattern is existent in fixed conical valve. When the high speed jet flowing near the diversion cone injects the sudden enlargement area, the severe vortex and evident negative pressure are generated. To reduce or eliminate the negative pressure area, the admission pipe should be installed. For clarifying the air admission and flow rule beyond air admission, a calculation mathematical model is built, the basic law of negative pressure generation and air admission is obtained; CFD is adopted to certify that the admission pipe is efficient to restrain the negative pressure; under air admission condition, the two-phase …

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Simulation And Verification Of Feasibility For The Torsional Vibration System Test Scheme, Yin Meng, He Yun, Zhigang Xu, Shixuan Zhang Jan 2019

Simulation And Verification Of Feasibility For The Torsional Vibration System Test Scheme, Yin Meng, He Yun, Zhigang Xu, Shixuan Zhang

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: To test the loading accuracy of the directional device for the experiment system, a test scheme of torsional vibration system is proposed. To verify the feasibility for assessing the loading accuracy through the test scheme, a dynamics and control system model is established and simulated in the condition of ignoring torsion bar flexibility and friction; an Adams model is established and simulated in consideration of the torsion bar flexibility and friction. Both simulation results are obtained and analyzed. When the load torque amplitude reaches 30Nm, the disturbance torques under a certain frequency are all below 2Nm, which meets …

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In-Cylinder Process Simulation Of Swashplate Revoloving Cylinder Piston Engine Based On Fluid-Structure Interaction, Li Xin, Chengshi Yang, Peng Bo Jan 2019

In-Cylinder Process Simulation Of Swashplate Revoloving Cylinder Piston Engine Based On Fluid-Structure Interaction, Li Xin, Chengshi Yang, Peng Bo

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: Using dynamic mesh technology, In-cylinder working process of the engine is detailedly designed in this article regarding the new swashplate revolving cylinder piston engine. We establish the numeral simulation model of the engine working process based on fluid-structure interaction, the pressure and temperature distribution of the In-cylinder gas in the six thermal process is obtained, and the temperature distribution of the hot end components is presented. The results show that the working process of the engine is reasonably organized. The biggest thermal load appears in the intake flow process. The wall temperature of the gas side is lower …

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Numerical Simulation Of Thermal Properties Of Active Phased Array Antenna, Wang Yong, Ting Lu, Longwen Wu, Changwu Xiong, Weng Xia, Ping'an Du Jan 2019

Numerical Simulation Of Thermal Properties Of Active Phased Array Antenna, Wang Yong, Ting Lu, Longwen Wu, Changwu Xiong, Weng Xia, Ping'an Du

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: The grid priority modeling and multi-level meshing techniques are applied to analyze the thermal properties of the active phased array antenna with the micro/mini channels cooling method for simplifying modeling process, reducing the mesh quantity and saving the cost of computation effectively. The multi-level meshing technique can refine the mesh near the boundary of the complex components significantly without changing the mesh quantity in the model, which improves the mesh’s quality obviously. Through the thermal simulation and experiment measurement of the antenna, the temperature and pressure field are obtained. It is proved that the addressed approach can …

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Abnormal Behavior Detection Via Super-Pixels Time Context Feature, Chen Ying, Dandan He Jan 2019

Abnormal Behavior Detection Via Super-Pixels Time Context Feature, Chen Ying, Dandan He

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: In order to accurately locate the abnormal behavior, an anomaly detection method based on time context features of super-pixels is proposed. For feature representation, the video frames are firstly segmented into super-pixels. The super-pixels of foreground are then selected according to their pixel ratios of foreground. Super-pixels matching adjacent frames are selected based on the gray-level histogram and the information of location to enhance the temporal context of super-pixel features. The statical value of multilayer histogram of optical flow of matched super-pixels are taken as the feature for detection. In the phase of detection, the sparse combination learning algorithm …

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An Anti-Occlusion Adaptive Particle Filtering Algorithm, Li Ju, Mingwei Cao, Yu Ye, Xia Yu, Lifan Zhou Jan 2019

An Anti-Occlusion Adaptive Particle Filtering Algorithm, Li Ju, Mingwei Cao, Yu Ye, Xia Yu, Lifan Zhou

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: Considering the influence of local occlusion on particle filter tracking algorithm, an anti occlusion adaptive particle filtering algorithm is proposed. It adopts a rectangle as the tracking window, and uses the K mean clustering algorithm to complete particle clustering in resampling, and then obtains the particle subgroup. It estimates the final state according to particles subgroups, and modifies the tracking window. When the area changes more than 5%, the tracking window maintains the same as the one in last frame. Otherwise, the tracking window will change according to the size of moving object, which is a self-adaptation process. At …

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Review Of 3d Facial Expression Acquisition And Modeling Technology, Wang Shan, Xukun Shen, Qinping Zhao Jan 2019

Review Of 3d Facial Expression Acquisition And Modeling Technology, Wang Shan, Xukun Shen, Qinping Zhao

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: Face is an important biological feature of human. High-fidelity 3D face construction is widely applied and has attracted the attention of researchers for a long time. Now the mature 3D model acquisition still depends on the expensive hardware and controlled lighting environment in the lab. However, academic focus has gradually transformed to researches based on daily living environment and low cost equipment. According to the source of input data, the existing works are divided into two categories: works under controlled environment and uncontrolled environment. Methods are summarized and classified based on the categories. Existing problems and future research directions …

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Interactive Modelling On Smooth Weighted Distance Surface In Hmd Vr Environment, Xiaoqiang Zhu, Hongyi Pan, Xu Hao, Song Lei, Mengyao Zhu, Xiangyang Wang Jan 2019

Interactive Modelling On Smooth Weighted Distance Surface In Hmd Vr Environment, Xiaoqiang Zhu, Hongyi Pan, Xu Hao, Song Lei, Mengyao Zhu, Xiangyang Wang

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: An interactive modelling scheme in immersive VR environment is proposed, in which the point, line and polygon skeletons are inputted by handles of HMD (Head-Mounted Device). Weighted distance field is calculated in parallel with CUDA on GPU according to the varying radii, and then the iso-surface is extracted using paralleled marching cubes. In order to avoid the non-smoothness at interactions between different distance surface components, weighted filtering kernels are utilized to smooth the skeleton-based distance field with various radii in our modelling system, so that smooth blending model is produced from multi-component distance fields. In our system, …

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A Horizon Detection Method Based On Deep Learning And Random Forest, Jihua Ye, Shuxia Shi, Hanxi Li, Jiali Zuo, Shimin Wang Jan 2019

A Horizon Detection Method Based On Deep Learning And Random Forest, Jihua Ye, Shuxia Shi, Hanxi Li, Jiali Zuo, Shimin Wang

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: The detection effect of existing horizon line detection methods is greatly affected by the environment, and the computational complexity is high. Aiming at the problem of horizon line detection in complex road scene in real-life, a horizon line detection method based on deep learning and random forest is proposed. The deep learning model is used to extract the depth features, then the obtained depth features are used for random forest training. The results of horizon line detection are obtained by random forest regression-voting. The simulation results show that this method has good detection effect. The detection results are not …

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Three-Dimensional Imaging Modeling And Simulation Of Ships Based On Wide-Band Monopulse Radar, Guijie Diao, Xiaojian Xu, Ni Hong, Junjie Lu Jan 2019

Three-Dimensional Imaging Modeling And Simulation Of Ships Based On Wide-Band Monopulse Radar, Guijie Diao, Xiaojian Xu, Ni Hong, Junjie Lu

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: A three-dimensional imaging model for ship target on sea surface is developed based on wide-band monopulse radar system and synthetic aperture radar (SAR) system. The time-varying electromagnetic (EM) scattering of ships is calculated according to the SAR geometry and the monopulse antenna model. The signal received by every antenna element is obtained, and then, the time-domain signals in the sum, azimuth and elevation difference channels are established. Through analyzing the three-dimensional image results in different grazing angles, the model validity is demonstrated.

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Master-Slave Control Method Of Dexterous Hands Based On Data Glove, Kangjun Pan Jan 2019

Master-Slave Control Method Of Dexterous Hands Based On Data Glove, Kangjun Pan

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: With the limitations of artificial intelligence, automatic control, and sensor, the dexterous hand in unstructured environments is still very difficult to achieve fully autonomous operation. A master-slave control method of dexterous hands with the combination of data glove and stepper motors is proposed. By the CybergloveII device, human finger joints’ motion data is gathered in real time, then, the motion data are matched to the dexterous hand’ joints respectively. A communication protocol is designed to transfer the motion data between the PC and the ICB. Lastly, the motion data are transferred to the ICB through a serial interface and …

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Volume Rendering For Ct Images Based On 3d Gradient Amplitude, Luo Ming, Shuifa Sun, Liwen Wang, Fangmin Dong Jan 2019

Volume Rendering For Ct Images Based On 3d Gradient Amplitude, Luo Ming, Shuifa Sun, Liwen Wang, Fangmin Dong

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: In order to maintain the partial shape characteristics of the three-dimensional space of interest in the process of CT images volume rendering, a transfer function method based on the three dimensional gradient amplitude is proposed. Edge detection and denoising segmentation are employed to obtain the complete edge structure of the interested area. The distance between the image sequences pixels and the edge in the body data is calculated, so that the framework can be formed with the distance data brought into the Kindlmann transfer function. Therefore, a new transfer function is achieved. The comparison experiment with semi-automatic transfer function …

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Research On 3d Immersive Underground Laboratory Visualization System, Jiaxin Hou, Yadong Wu, Yangjie Xu, Xuejun Li, Wang Song, Dongzhou Du, Xiaorong Zhang Jan 2019

Research On 3d Immersive Underground Laboratory Visualization System, Jiaxin Hou, Yadong Wu, Yangjie Xu, Xuejun Li, Wang Song, Dongzhou Du, Xiaorong Zhang

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: Deep geological disposal of high-level radioactive waste is the only internationally recognized and feasible method. The construction of underground laboratories is a complex engineering. To improve the intuitiveness and accuracy of comprehensive data analysis, an immersive underground laboratory 3D data visualization system is constructed. The system includes surface scenes, scene models with laboratory lanes and bedrooms, and designs scene roaming and visual interactive interaction of 3D data. The practical application shows that this system can not only facilitate the rapid construction and evaluation of underground laboratory design schemes, but also provide scientific basis for rapid decision-making of engineering construction …

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Artificial Fish Swarm And Feedback Linearization Of Flue Gas Denitration Control Based On Neural Network, Yuguang Niu, Pan Yan, Wenyuan Huang Jan 2019

Artificial Fish Swarm And Feedback Linearization Of Flue Gas Denitration Control Based On Neural Network, Yuguang Niu, Pan Yan, Wenyuan Huang

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: According to the present situation of SCR flue gas dentration control system in thermal power plant, an optimum proposal that control valve and concentration transmitter are added in the inlet of the SCR reactor is presented, and the corresponding control strategy is given. At the entrance of the SCR reactor, the receding horizon algorithm combined with the single neuron adaptive algorithm and the artificial fish swarm algorithm (RSNAAFS) is used to control branch valves to pretreat NOX in the exhaust flue gas. At the outlet of the SCR reactor, the neural network based on feedback linearization algorithm (NNFL) …

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Development Of Interactive Simulation Of Dive And Underwater Operation Process Of Jiaolong, Xiaoxi Zhang, Yin Yong, Mincang Liang Jan 2019

Development Of Interactive Simulation Of Dive And Underwater Operation Process Of Jiaolong, Xiaoxi Zhang, Yin Yong, Mincang Liang

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: In order to solve the problems of difficult implementation and high safety risk in the practical training of deep submarine work at present, the simulation system of dive and underwater operation process of jiaolong is designed based on the virtual reality technology, which is not limited by time and place. The 3D modeling technology is used to construct the 3D model of the key structures such as the jiaolong and the mother ship. A mathematical model of A frame motion is established to simulate the motion process. Human-computer interaction and roaming are achieved by using 3D interactive technology, …

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Hawkes Based Analysis Of Social Interaction Factors In Game Immersion Experience, Xiang Nan, Lingyun Zhu, Siwei Shang Jan 2019

Hawkes Based Analysis Of Social Interaction Factors In Game Immersion Experience, Xiang Nan, Lingyun Zhu, Siwei Shang

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: In order to improve the user's immersion experience in serious games, the influence of social factors in game process on game experience was studied. Game experience dimensions were divided and the social interactions during the game were categorized according to the dimensions. Hawkes process was adopted to simulate the game experience generation process affected by the social interactions. According to the maximum likelihood estimation and the users’ experience we captured, the weights of the social interactions were calculated. The game experience intensity was calculated by users’ facial expressions which were recognized by the trained HMM (Hidden Markov Model). Experimental …

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Simulation Optimization Design Method Of Model Driven Aviation Command And Support System, Yongliang Luo, Zhihui Zhang, Zhang Jun, Yuanhui Qin Jan 2019

Simulation Optimization Design Method Of Model Driven Aviation Command And Support System, Yongliang Luo, Zhihui Zhang, Zhang Jun, Yuanhui Qin

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: As a typical complex system, the design process of air command and security system (ACSS) is different from the existing design process of complex system because of more typical characteristics, such as functional complexity, process complexity and scene complexity. According to the design requirements of ACSS, a simulation optimization design method of model driven and process centered ACSS based on the theoretical method of system engineering is proposed, and the key enabling technologies are introduced, which include model-driven multi-view architecture design, process traction simulation of ACSS, efficient resource optimization and allocation technology, and so on. The simulation and …

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Modeling And Simulation Of Airport Flight Flow Based On Cellular Automaton, Hongying Zhang, Xuwei Yang, Luo Qian Jan 2019

Modeling And Simulation Of Airport Flight Flow Based On Cellular Automaton, Hongying Zhang, Xuwei Yang, Luo Qian

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: To increase the reliability of the airport scene traffic simulation model, the complex characteristics of scene traffic are researched. An improved model based on NS model is proposed. The influence of the stochastic factors on the taxiing process and the traffic characteristics at the intersection are considered, and the new cells are added to connect the two sections with different evolution rules. The state of the connected cells represents the occupancy of the next section. A large number of simulation experiments were processed, and the results show the goodness of fit between the simulation values and true ones increased …

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Multi-Strategy Cooperative Evolutionary Pso Based On Cauchy Mutation Strategy, Yongji Wang, Tingting Su, Liu Lei Jan 2019

Multi-Strategy Cooperative Evolutionary Pso Based On Cauchy Mutation Strategy, Yongji Wang, Tingting Su, Liu Lei

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: For improving the performance of particle swarm optimization (PSO) in optimization simulation, a multi-strategy cooperative evolutionary PSO based on Cauchy mutation strategy is proposed. The new algorithm divides the whole swarm into three sub-swarms. A part of particles is selected to Cauchy mutation with a certain probability, and the rest of particles adjust their exploitation and exploration by different evolutionary strategies (large-scale search strategy, local search strategy, and adaptive velocity updating strategy). The sub-swarms share their information to achieve cooperation. Three strategies are used to optimize three test functions, and the result shows the advantages …

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Method Of Visualsimulation Of Rice Leaf Color, Hongyun Yang, Aizhen Sun, Wenji Yang, Huojiao He Jan 2019

Method Of Visualsimulation Of Rice Leaf Color, Hongyun Yang, Aizhen Sun, Wenji Yang, Huojiao He

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: A color rendering method for rice leaves based on SPAD data distribution image was presented. Rice leaf image was collected and SPAD value was measured by field rice sample test. The relationship model between SPAD values and RGB value of leaf image was analyzed and constructed, and the R2 was 0.932 8, 0.833 1, 0.562 3 respectively. This showed that there was a correlation between SPAD and the red and green color of the leaf image. By the SPAD data distribution image, the spatial distribution of SPAD value on the leaf surface is described. The leaf surface color …

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Dynamic Covering Algorithm Of Node Based On Virtual Force In Wireless Sensor Networks, Zhou Fei, Jianjun Gao, Xinyue Fan, Kangning An Jan 2019

Dynamic Covering Algorithm Of Node Based On Virtual Force In Wireless Sensor Networks, Zhou Fei, Jianjun Gao, Xinyue Fan, Kangning An

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: Network coverage and node power consumption are two main performance indicators in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Although many of the existing coverage methods have improved the two indicators, most of them have only improved for one performance, and the merits of another performance have not been discussed in detail. For this insufficient, an improved algorithm based on VFA is proposed. The WSN is divided into unit grids. The nodes select the grid forces and other forces adaptively. Under the combined forces, the nodes are re-deployed and the dynamic coverage of WSN is further optimized, so that the WSN achieves …

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Internet Public Opinion Dissemination Model With Triple Opinion Group Under Media Intervention, Di Lan, Yudi Gu Jan 2019

Internet Public Opinion Dissemination Model With Triple Opinion Group Under Media Intervention, Di Lan, Yudi Gu

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: By constructing a dissemination model with a discussion of the Internet public opinion, the paper studies the inner rule of the public opinion evolution of the triple opinion group under the influence of the media. In reference to disease transmission model SIR(Susceptible, Infected, Recovered) and the two opinions model SIaIbR(Susceptible, Infected-a, Infected-b, Recovered), this paper presents a public opinion evolution model of the triple opinion group SI3R(Susceptible, triple Infected, Recovered). The SI3R model introduces the concept of neutral groups, and occupies a large proportion in the spread of the population. Through the influence of neutral …

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Modeling And Co-Simulation Of Novel Electric Heave Compensation System, Zhang Qing, Xia Hua, Yang Ning, Xianrong Qin, Yuantao Sun Jan 2019

Modeling And Co-Simulation Of Novel Electric Heave Compensation System, Zhang Qing, Xia Hua, Yang Ning, Xianrong Qin, Yuantao Sun

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: This paper presents a novel large electric heave compensation system with gear and rack driving mechanism, as comparison to those traditional hydraulic heave compensation systems which have complex structure and poor compensation accuracy. The mechanical-mathematical model of this compensation system is analyzed. According to the control requirement of the heave absolute displacement compensation, the relationship between the input angle of the motor and the excitation of the vessel’s displacement is obtained through the motion equation of the system. A virtual prototype is built with ADAMS, and the dynamic behaviors are simulated in accordance with its configuration and working principle. …

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