Mechanical Engineering Commons^™

Visualization Of Cathode Spot Control Using Laser Irradiation And Oxide Addition In Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing Of Titanium Alloys, Tae Hyun Lee, Cheolhee Kim, Je Hoon Oh, Dong Hyuck Kam

Mechanical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Arc instability is one of the most critical problems in gas-metal-arc (GMA) based wire arc additive manufacturing of titanium (Ti) alloys. It can result in a poor bead surface, surface oxidation, and spattering. In particular, the relocation of the cathode spot area is the main cause of big spatters because of the high thermal energy of the molten droplet at the molten pool surface. In this study, two cathode spot control techniques were applied using auxiliary laser heating and prelaid oxides, and the behaviors of the cathode spots and arc were visualized using high-speed photography. When the laser beam was …

Large Refrigerant Capacity In Superparamagnetic Iron Nanoparticles Embedded In A Thin Film Matrix, Kaushik Sarkar, Surabhi Shaji, Jeffrey E. Shield, Christian H. Binek, Dhananjay Kumar

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

A magnetocaloric effect (MCE) with sizable isothermal entropy change (ΔS) maintained over a broad range of temperatures above the blocking temperature is reported for a rare earth-free superparamagnetic nanoparticle system comprising of Fe–TiN heterostructure. Superparamagnetic iron (Fe) particles were embedded in a titanium nitride (TiN) thin film matrix in a TiN/Fe/TiN multilayered pattern using a pulsed laser deposition method. High angle annular dark-field images in conjunction with dispersive energy analysis, recorded using scanning transmission electron microscopy, show a clear presence of alternating layers of Fe and TiN with a distinct atomic number contrast between Fe particles and TiN. Quantitative information …

Study Into The Sensitity Of The G-H Method To Blending Distance, Cory Goates, Doug Hunsaker

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A numerical lifting-line method (implemented in an open-source software package) is presented which can accurately estimate the aerodynamics of wings with arbitrary sweep, dihedral, and twist. Previous numerical lifting-line methods have suffered from grid convergence challenges and limitations in accurately modeling the effects of sweep, or have relied on empirical relations for swept-wing parameters and have been limited in their application to typical wing geometries. This work presents novel improvements in accuracy, flexibility, and speed for complex geometries over previous methods. In the current work, thin-airfoil theory is used to correct section lift coefficients for sweep, providing a more general …

Investigation Of Polymer Nanocomposites With Silicon Dioxide Fillers As Helium Cooled High-Temperature Superconducting Cable Dielectrics, Jordan Thomas Cook

Theses and Dissertations

In this thesis, three polymer nanocomposite configurations are fabricated for investigation as dielectrics in helium-cooled high-temperature superconducting (HTS) cables. Polyimide, polyamide, and polymethyl methacrylate are utilized as host polymers. The composite samples are synthesized through an in situ process, dispersing silicon dioxide nanoparticles throughout the polymer hosts. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy were employed to validate the synthesis of each composite configuration. Thin film samples of each configuration were also tested for their dielectric strength at both room (300 K) and cryogenic (92 K) temperatures. When going from room to cryogenic temperatures, all materials demonstrated a significant …

Computational Simulations Of The Effects Of Gravity On Lymphatic Transport, Huabing Li, Huajian Wei, Timothy P. Padera, James W. Baish, Lance L. Munn

Faculty Journal Articles

Physical forces, including mechanical stretch, fluid pressure, and shear forces alter lymphatic vessel contractions and lymph flow. Gravitational forces can affect these forces, resulting in altered lymphatic transport, but the mechanisms involved have not been studied in detail. Here, we combine a lattice Boltzmann-based fluid dynamics computational model with known lymphatic mechanobiological mechanisms to investigate the movement of fluid through a lymphatic vessel under the effects of gravity that may either oppose or assist flow. Regularly spaced, mechanical bi-leaflet valves in the vessel enforce net positive flow as the vessel walls contract autonomously in response to calcium and nitric oxide …

A Study Into Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Power And Voltage Prediction Using Artificial Neural Network, Tabbi Wilberforce, Mohammad Biswas

Mechanical Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Polymer Electrolyte Membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) uses hydrogen as fuel to generate electricity and by-product water at relatively low operating temperatures, which is environmentally friendly. Since PEMFC performance characteristics are inherently nonlinear and related, predicting the best performance for the different operating conditions is essential to improve the system's efficiency. Thus, modeling using artificial neural networks (ANN) to predict its performance can significantly improve the capabilities of handling multi-variable nonlinear performance of the PEMFC. This paper predicts the electrical performance of a PEMFC stack under various operating conditions. The four input terms for the 5 W PEMFC include anode and …

Dehumidification Performance Of A Variable Speed Heat Pump And A Single Speed Heat Pump With And Without Dehumidification Capabilities In A Warm And Humid Climate, Koukouni P. Kone, Nelson Fumo

Mechanical Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Conventional air conditioning systems in houses respond to thermal loads by means of controlling dry-bulb temperature through the thermostat. As part of the process to control temperature, dehumidification is also provided. However, as houses are becoming more efficient, supplemental dehumidification is often necessary for homes located in hot and humid climates to control relative humidity intentionally. This study compared the dehumidification performance of a residential air conditioning system working in three operations modes to emulate three different systems: a system with a variable speed mode, a single-speed system with an enhanced dehumidification mode, and a single-speed system operating in a …

Experimental Investigation Of Low Velocity And High Temperature Solid Particle Impact Erosion Wear, Evan Gietzen, Soroor Karimi, Nipun Goel, Siamack A. Shirazi, Michael Keller, Todd Otanicar

Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Next generation Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) plants utilizing solid particles as the heat transfer medium (HTM) are expected to achieve greater operational efficiencies. However, the erosion from the solid particles can cause significant damage to component materials. Low particle speeds (1–2 m/s) are proposed as a means of preventing excessive damage to containment materials. Within the current investigation, solid particle erosion of three potential containment materials, stainless-steel grade 316L, a nickel alloy (Inconel 740H), and a refractory material (Tufcrete 60 M), are examined at a particle impact speed of 1.6 m/s. CarboBead-HSP 40/70 particles, a candidate HTM for CSP systems, …

A Nanofiber-Embedded Microfluidic Platform For Studying Neurobiology, Donghee Lee, Navatha Shree Sharma, S. M. Shatil Shahriar, Kai Yang, Zheng Yan, Jingwei Xie

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

Due to their biomimetic properties, electrospun nanofibers have been widely used in neurobiology studies. However, mechanistic understanding of cell-nanofiber interactions is challenging based on the current in vitro culture systems due to the lack of control of spatiotemporal patterning of cells and difficulty in monitoring single cell behavior. To overcome these issues, we apply microfluidic technology in combination with electrospun nanofibers for in vitro studies of interactions between neurons and nanofiber materials. We demonstrate a unique nanofiber embedded microfluidic device which contains patterned aligned or random electrospun nanofibers as a new culture system. With this device, we test how different …

A Survey Of Smart Manufacturing For High-Mix Low-Volume Production In Defense And Aerospace Industries, Tanjida Tahmina, Mauro Garcia, Zhaohui Geng, Bopaya Bidanda

Manufacturing & Industrial Engineering Faculty Publications

Defense and aerospace industries usually possess unique high-mix low-volume production characteristics. This uniqueness generally calls for prohibitive production costs and long production lead-time. One of the major trends in advanced, smart manufacturing is to be more responsive and better readiness while ensuring the same or higher production quality and lower cost. This study reviews the state-of-the-art manufacturing technologies to solve these issues and previews two levels of flexibility, i.e., system and process, that could potentially reduce the costs while increasing the production volume in such a scenario. The main contribution of the work includes an assessment of the current solutions …

Keys To Genus Of Calanoid Copepods Of China Seas, Chang-Tai Shih, Qing-Chao Chen, Yang-Chi Lan, Shih-Hui Hsiao, Chi-Yu Weng

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

No abstract provided.

Calanoid Copepods Of China Seas, Chang-Tai Shih, Qing-Chao Chen, Yang-Chi Lan, Shih-Hui Hsiao, Chi-Yu Weng

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

Calanoid copepods are a well-recognized taxonomic group of Crustacea. They were already placed, with one cyclopoid (Scribella) and five calanoid (Acartia, Calanus, Candacia, Euchirus (= Euchaeta), and Pontella) genera, under a single taxonomic unit, the Calanidae, by Dana [1]. Giesbrecht and Sars are the two early principal contributors to the taxonomy of Copepoda, including the Calanoida.

Based on the location of the body articulation, Giesbrecht [2] divided copepods into two groups, the Gymnopleoden and Podopleoden. All copepods, characterized by an articulation between the fifth pedigerous (leg-bearing) somite and genital somite, separating the body into an anterior part (prosome) and a …

Calanoid Copepods Of China Seas-Introduction And Acknowledgement, Chang-Tai Shih, Qing-Chao Chen, Yang-Chi Lan, Shih-Hui Hsiao, Chi-Yu Weng

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

No abstract provided.

Direct Material Property Determination: One-Dimensional Formulation Utilising Full-Field Deformation Measurements, Sreehair Rajan-Kattil, Michael A. Sutton, Subramani Sockalingam, Frank Thomas, Tusit Weerasooriya, Stephen Alexander

Faculty Publications

A direct approach is described to determine the elastic modulus distribution in a nominally heterogeneous material subject to tensile/compression loading and primarily experiencing deformations in the axial direction. The formulation is developed for uniaxial applications using basic theoretical constructs, resulting in a computational framework that has a matrix form [A] {E} = {R}, where the [A] matrix components are known functions of measured axial strains and axial positions, {R} components are known functions of axial body forces, applied loads and reactions and {E} components are the unknown elastic moduli at discrete locations along the length of the specimen. For a …

Assessment Of Stability Of The Body Elements Of A Dynamometric Car For Special Technical Purpose, F F. Khikmatov, Y O. Ruzmetov

Technical science and innovation

In the work, studies were carried out to assess the stability of the body elements of a dynamometric car for special technical purposes for the railways of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Distinctive features of the proposed design of the dynamometric car from the car of the analogue model 61-907 are considered. The results of theoretical calculations for the stability of the body elements of the developed design of a dynamometric car in three design modes are given: under compression, tension and impact.

The Vibration Sources Of Car Tractor Attachments, Sh Kh Kurbanov, U A. Rajapbayev

Technical science and innovation

This article presents measures to protect against the noise of operators during the work of machine-tractor units, and to prevent the occurrence of vibration as a result of tractor movement during work. Methods of acoustic processing of noise and vibration D-144; It has been proven that the noise characteristics of D-240T engines vary depending on the frequency of rotation of the crankshaft.

Analysis Of Mechatronically Controlled Turbines And Their Layout Schemes Used In Middle-Class Internal Combustion Engines, F Umerov, A Yangibaev

Technical science and innovation

This article will talk about the prospects for the possible use of gas-cylinder equipment on turbine internal combustion engines with a direct power supply system, consider the main possible methods of using such equipment and their results, identifying the best among them, taking such well-known car models as Chevrolet Tracker and Chevrolet Onyx as an example. Today there is an increase in the trend of transferring the car to two fuel supply. Installing gas-cylinder equipment on a turbo has also become quite popular. It is not difficult to make such a translation. It is only important to do this in …

Extraction Of Cellulose Nanocrystals From Secondary Paper Waste And Their Use In Paper Production, E A. Egamberdiev, S K. Norboyev

Technical science and innovation

Cellulose nanocrystals were obtained by hydrolysis process from waste paper industry. The result of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) for nanocellulose showed that no new chemical bonds were formed during the preparation of nanocellulose. The results of X-ray diffraction showed that the crystallinity of the macules produced in the treated and untreated paper industry was 66% and 73.8%, respectively. The results of nanocellulose revealed a natural needle-like fiber with a length of 300 nm to 600 nm, a diameter of 10 nm to 30 nm, and an aspect ratio in the range of 10 to 60. It was found that …

Optimal Synthesis Of Crank-Rocker Mechanisms With Optimum Transmission Angle For Desired Stroke And Time-Ratio Using Genetic Programming, Bahman Ahmadi, Behnam Ahmadi

Michigan Tech Publications, Part 1

Dimensional synthesis of crank-rocker mechanisms applied to provide some desired values of stroke and time ratio, is of utmost importance for designing an efficient mechanism. In the synthesis and manufacturing of crank-rocker mechanisms, the designers are further challenged by other design criteria, such as quality of motion. In this study, a novel approach based on genetic programming (GP) is proposed for dimensional synthesis of planar crank-rocker mechanisms with optimum transmission angle over the desired stroke and time-ratio. An analytical approach is elaborated which leads to an interesting relationship of length of the coupler and rocker links. It is, therefore, advised …

Preface For Millard Beatty, E. Baesu, Roger Fosdick

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

Professor Beatty has contributed a wide variety of research papers and book articles on topics in finite elasticity, continuum mechanics and classical mechanics, including some fundamental experimental work. His works are clear and informative and expose a didactic quality. In the following, we briefly touch upon some of the highlights of his research involvement throughout the years.

Tensegrity Laboratory Drilling Rig For Earth And Space Drilling, Mining, And Exploration, Mohamed S. Khaled, Muhao Chen, Enrique Z. Losoya, Luis A. Rodriguez, Eduardo Gildin, Robert E. Skelton

Mechanical Engineering Faculty Publications

Drilling operations are increasingly becoming a manufacturing process where repeatability, versatility, and speed matter the most for an operator or future space missions. Nonetheless, the ongoing energy transition efforts will undoubtedly shape the objectives and priorities of drilling operators into new markets with unexplored technical challenges. Versatility, mobility, and automated systems will play crucial roles in determining successful applications. This study explores and introduces the application of tensegrity-based structures, commonly used in space exploration, to Earth and Space drilling systems by modeling, designing, and building a tensegrity-based miniature drilling rig. Robust models for designing a drilling rig based on tensegrity …

Atomic And Molecular Layer Deposition As Surface Engineering Techniques For Emerging Alkali Metal Rechargeable Batteries, Matthew Sullivan, Peng Tang, Xiangbo Meng

Mechanical Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Alkali metals (lithium, sodium, and potassium) are promising as anodes in emerging rechargeable batteries, ascribed to their high capacity or abundance. Two commonly experienced issues, however, have hindered them from commercialization: the dendritic growth of alkali metals during plating and the formation of solid electrolyte interphase due to contact with liquid electrolytes. Many technical strategies have been developed for addressing these two issues in the past decades. Among them, atomic and molecular layer deposition (ALD and MLD) have been drawing more and more efforts, owing to a series of their unique capabilities. ALD and MLD enable a variety of inorganic, …

Design And Development Of A Multi-Material, Cost-Competitive, Lightweight Mid-Size Sports Utility Vehicle’S Body-In-White, Amit M. Deshpande, Rushabh Rajesh Sadiwala, Nathan Brown, Sai Aditya Pradeep, Leon M. Headings, Ningxiner Zhao, Brad Losey, Ryan Hahnlen, Marcelo J. Dapino, Gang Li, Srikanth Pilla

Publications

Vehicle light-weighting has allowed automotive original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) to improve fuel efficiency, incorporate value-adding features without a weight penalty, and extract better performance. The typical body-in-white (BiW) accounts for up to 40% of the total vehicle mass, making it the focus of light-weighting efforts through a) conceptual redesign b) design optimization using state-of-the-art computer-aided engineering (CAE) tools, and c) use of advanced high strength steels (AHSS), aluminum, magnesium, and/or fiber-reinforced plastic (FRP) composites. However, most of these light-weighting efforts have been focused on luxury/sports vehicles, with a relatively high price range and an average production of 100,000 units/year or …

Impulse, Fall 2022, University Marketing And Communications, Jerome J. Lohr College Of Engineering

Impulse (Jerome J. Lohr College of Engineering Publication)

2 | Sanjeev Kumar Takes Helm as College’s 12th Dean
5 | College Develops Partnerships in India, Turkey
6 | Faculty News
8 | Aerofly — Profs, Alum Partner To Build Unique Drone
10 | Researchers Find Way to Extend Produce Shelf Life
12 | SDSU Claims National Title in Quarter-Scale Tractors
14 | Nation’s Top ASCE Chapter Housed at SDSU
16 | National Geo-Video Title Won By State Students
18 | Summer Brings Engineering Camps to Campus
20 | Haleigh Timmer — Money on the Court, In Classroom
22 | Daniel Burkhalter — Day in the Life of Student-Athlete …

A Hybrid Experimental-Computational Study: Prediction Of Flow Fields And Full-Field Pressure Distributions On Three-Tab Asphalt Roofing Shingles Subjected To Hurricane Velocity Winds, Troy A. Myers

Theses and Dissertations

A novel hybrid experimental-computational study is performed to predict the flow fields and pressure distributions on the measured shapes of flexible, three-tab asphalt roofing shingles undergoing increasing uplift when exposed to hurricane velocity winds. StereoDIC analysis is performed to measure the transient full-field deformed shapes of full-size three-tab asphalt shingles when subjected to hurricane velocity winds for two hours. Steady state computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations of the shingled roof facsimile-plenum region representative of the experiments are successfully performed. The simulations are performed to predict wind loading of the uplifted shingle shapes by utilizing the measured full-field three-dimensional uplifted shapes …

Enabling Ultrathick Electrodes Via A Microcasting Process For High Energy And Power Density Lithium-Ion Batteries, Tazdik Patwary Plateau, Hiep Pham, Yaqi Zhu, Ming-Chuan Leu, Jonghyun Park

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Thickening electrodes is one effective approach to increase active material content for higher energy and low-cost lithium-ion batteries, but limits in charge transport and huge mechanical stress generation result in poor performance and eventual cell failure. This paper reports a new electrode fabrication process, referred to as µ-casting, enabling ultrathick electrodes that address the trade-off between specific capacity and areal/volumetric capacity. The proposed µ-casting is based on a patterned blade, enabling facile fabrication of 3D electrode structures. The study reveals the governing properties of µ-casted ultrathick electrodes and how this simultaneously improves battery energy/power performance. The process facilitates a short …

Additive Manufacturing Of Complexly Shaped Sic With High Density Via Extrusion-Based Technique – Effects Of Slurry Thixotropic Behavior And 3d Printing Parameters, Ruoyu Chen, Adam Bratten, Joshua Rittenhouse, Tian Huang, Wenbao Jia, Ming-Chuan Leu, Haiming Wen

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Additive manufacturing of dense SiC parts was achieved via an extrusion-based process followed by electrical-field assisted pressure-less sintering. The aim of this research was to study the effect of the rheological behavior of SiC slurry on the printing process and quality, as well as the influence of 3D printing parameters on the dimensions of the extruded filament, which are directly related to the printing precision and quality. Different solid contents and dispersant- Darvan 821A concentrations were studied to optimize the viscosity, thixotropy and sedimentation rate of the slurry. The optimal slurry was composed of 77.5 wt% SiC, Y2O3 and Al2O3 …

Planar Compliance Realization With Two 3-Joint Serial Mechanisms, Shuguang Huang, Joseph M. Schimmels

Mechanical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

In this paper, the realization of any specified planar compliance with two 3R serial elastic mechanisms is addressed. Using the concept of dual elastic mechanisms, it is shown that the realization of a compliant behavior with two serial mechanisms connected in parallel is equivalent to its realization with a 6-spring fully parallel mechanism. Since the spring axes of a 6-spring parallel mechanism indicate the geometry of a dual 3R serial mechanism, a new synthesis procedure for the realization of a stiffness matrix with a 6-spring parallel mechanism is first developed. Then, this result is extended to a geometric construction-based synthesis …

Reliability Study Of A New Electromechanical Device Designed To Measure The Relative Dorsal Mobility Of The First Ray Of The Foot, Philippe Passeraub

Faculty Publications

Introduction: A new electromechanical instrument has been developed to measure relative dorsal mobility of the first ray in an objective and reliable way by simulating ground reaction forces during gait. This device equally applies a standardized, electronically controlled, and precise force under the first metatarsal head M1 as well as under the heads of the lesser metatarsals M2 to M5. The relative dorsal mobility between these two bearings is then measured. The purpose of this study is to assess the intra- and inter-examiners reliabilities of the measurements obtained with this device. Methods: The protocol included two examiners and 36 feet …

Uav Rapidly-Deployable Stage Sensor With Electro-Permanent Magnet Docking Mechanism For Flood Monitoring In Undersampled Watersheds, Corinne A, Smith, Joud Satme, Jacob Martin, Austin Downey, Nikolaos Vitzilaios, Jasim Imran

Faculty Publications

The availability of historical flood data is vital in recognizing weather-related trends and outlining necessary precautions for at-risk communities. Flood frequency, magnitude, endurance, and volume are traditionally recorded using established streamgages; however, the material and installation costs allow only a few streamgages in a region, which yield a narrow data selection. In particular, stage, the vertical water height in a water body, is an important parameter in determining flood trends. This work investigates a low-cost, compact, rapidly-deployable alternative to traditional stage sensors that will allow for denser sampling within a watershed and a more detailed record of flood events. The …