Mechanical Engineering Commons^™

Analysis Of Titanium Alloy Ti-6al-4v, Hunter C. Smith, Gordin Smith

ME 4133/6133 Mechanical Metallurgy

Titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V was chosen for examination, more specifically, the Properties and Performance of the alloy. The students will share the responsibility of examining the attributes of the material. The team members participate evenly in performing research, producing calculations, and constructing the final report. Contained herein is the information gathered through research conducted thus far.

The performance of the material will be related to the processing methods of the material. This relationship forms the basis of cost analysis. The students will examine the atomic characteristics and crystalline structure to determine the effects of the alloyed materials on properties such as …

An Analysis Of The Effects Of Process, Structure, And Properties On The Performance Of The Ti6al4v Alloy, Brad Jay Sampson, Loubna Ifqir

ME 4133/6133 Mechanical Metallurgy

Ti6Al4V (pronounced Ti-64), is a titanium alloy used in a variety of engineering applications including the aerospace, automotive, and biomedical industries. Ti6Al4V is made up of a combined ɑ-β microstructure, which provides it with many valuable properties such as high strength, low weight, high melting point, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility. [1] For years, casting and forging have been the traditional processes used for the manufacturing of Ti6Al4V components, but recent interest in the additive manufacturing of Ti6Al4V through the Electron Beam Melting (EBM), Selective Laser Melting (SLM), and Directed Energy Deposition (DED) methods has been gained. The goal of this …

Al 6061 Alloy, Will Mckelvey, Evan Robertson, Justin Yates

ME 4133/6133 Mechanical Metallurgy

We want to portray the Al 6061 manufacturing and machining processes and how these affect the mechanical properties of the material. We also want to portray the strength and weaknesses and the reasons why it is used in certain applications.

Duplex Stainless Steel 2205 In The Pulp And Paper Industry, Charlie S. Wilcher, Trevor Davus

ME 4133/6133 Mechanical Metallurgy

Duplex stainless steel’s durability, formability, and resistance to corrosion make it the primary steel option of the pulp and paper industry. The harsh environments found in certain aspects of this industry, such as in bleach plants, digesters, liquor vessels, and any piping where corrosive liquids may be passed, require the previously mentioned properties that duplex stainless steel 2205 offer. The structure and properties of duplex stainless steel, as well as the processes it undergoes, allow for it to withstand these environments. Research into the structure and properties of duplex stainless steel and the processes it undergoes will indicate how duplex …

Ar400 Wear Plates, Jase Tatum, Bryson Miller, John Howell, Aaron Alexander

ME 4133/6133 Mechanical Metallurgy

Wear resistance is an invaluable performance metric for most metallic components found in mechanical systems. Our research focused on AR400, a steel alloy known for its wear resistance capabilities, in an effort to determine what factors might be attributed to its performance in wear applications. After establishing the processing techniques and resulting material structures that give AR400 such an edge in extreme wear conditions, our goal is to determine indicators of wear resistance that can be used to distinguish excellent wear resistant alloys from average or subpar performers against wear.

A Look Into The Process, Structure, Properties, And Performance Of Inconel 690, Reed Mcneal, Patrick Camacho, Haley Petersen, Mary Watson

ME 4133/6133 Mechanical Metallurgy

Inconel 690 (Alloy 690) is a high-chromium nickel super alloy. This alloy is used in many ways, mostly in a setting where corrosion is a concern. The alloy is very resistant to corrosion in an aqueous media as well as a high temperature atmosphere. This report will identify the structure and properties of Inconel 690 to determine the reliability and durability in an extreme setting.

Construction Of A Pspp Map Of Stainless-Steel Alloy Fabricated By Additive Manufacturing, Ihab Moutawakil, Abdelmounem Boukraa

ME 4133/6133 Mechanical Metallurgy

A Processing-Structure-Properties-Performance (PSPP) map simply summarizes knowledge on the behavior of a given materials system. This is a helpful tool that may successfully serve as a standard means of communication on the physical and chemical mechanisms that regulate the performance of a materials system, as well as guidance on the sort of data necessary to correctly characterize that materials system as a whole. This article provides a literature review of how stainless-steel properties are affected by different treatment techniques in addition to a step-by-step methodology for creating a map for any materials system and then uses data regarding these methods …

Investigating Cobalt Chrome Alloy For Use In Biomedical Applications, Morgan Calhoun, Caitlin Cade

ME 4133/6133 Mechanical Metallurgy

Cobalt Chrome alloys, in particular cast Co-Cr ASTM-F75, are often used as the material for medical implants due to a combination of material properties: high strength, stiffness, temperature endurance, and wear / corrosion resistance. We aim to demonstrate and discuss what characteristics make it such a desirable material in the production of metallic biomedical implants

Design Of Process-Structure-Property-Performance Road Map Of Titanium Alloy Constructed Using Additive Manufacturing, Othmane Omalek, Anas Rochdi

ME 4133/6133 Mechanical Metallurgy

This article provides critical data concerning a system’s approach that incorporates processing, structure, property, and performance (PSPP) linkages applied on titanium materials. To acquire basic insights and knowledge of materials behavior, we need to build reasonable (PSPP) connections. This article will help gather data for any materials system to create the PSPP map and then uses those techniques to create a map for a Titanium made with additive manufacturing. In addition, it explains the current methods, techniques, and equipment used in a variety of structure treatment of titanium materials, as well as the processing concerns and precautions that apply. The …

Titanium Ti-6al-4v, James Aaras Ross Brundege

ME 4133/6133 Mechanical Metallurgy

Titanium alloys, such as Ti-6A1-4V, used as biomaterials possess great characteristics compared to other alloys such as stainless steel alloys. Characteristics such as biocompatibility, enhanced corrosion, strain, and fatigue resistance provide amazing benefits from these alloys. Providing an understanding of Ti used in biomedical applications and production can provide insight into its benefits and limitations as well as the areas of potential improvement for future study.

Comparative Analysis Of 3d Printed Denture Resins With Traditional Denture Materials At The Micro Level, Aneeza Hussain, Caleb Beckwith, Gaffar Gailani

Publications and Research

The aim of this experiment was to evaluate and identify compression strength between traditionally manufactured acrylic dentures and additive manufacturing resin dentures. Specifically, the dentures produced by Uhler Dental, its Reveal line were compared against samples produced on the Formlabs Form 2 SLA, Stereolithography, 3D printer using their Denture Teeth A2 resin to test compression strength to assure they are compatible with the occlusal forces in the oral cavity. Using the ZwickRoell tensile testing machine, it appeared that the acrylic dentures were half as strong as the resin dentures. Then we went ahead to and did a comparative analysis under …

Force-Feedback Design For Robotics: Bio-Based Design And Simulation, Husnain Khan, Zhou Zhang

Publications and Research

The great challenge for the Virtual Assembly Platform is how to make the users have the in-person feeling with the augmented tools. Hands are the most important organs that are used to provide touch feeling. In a real assembly scenario, the force from the components and tools will be feedback to the brain via the hands. Unfortunately, the virtual assembly failed to mimic the in-person scenarios since it will not provide such kind of feedback. As a result, the users’ real identities are lost. Then, the users’ slower-progressing wrong habits will prevent them from success in the future. Therefore, it …

The Evaluation Of Performance Of Spindle Connector And Its Finite Element Analysis, Suhyun Lee

Dissertations and Theses

The rapid development of machining technology and reliable high-speed machining systems has led to a fast operation of machines. However, machining machines cannot still meet modern requirements in terms of the quality of parts, the machine components, and the life of the tools. The major components of the machining system are machine tools, the spindle interfaces (the contact between the spindle and the tool holder), and tools. The choice of the spindle connector is the main decision, as this defines the limitation of the metal cutting efficiency and considerably influences the deformation of the machine tool. Therefore, it is very …

Adaptive Navigation Of Three-Dimensional Scalar Fields With Multiple Uavs, Robert Ka-Hing Lee

Engineering Ph.D. Theses

Adaptive Navigation (AN) control strategies allow an agent to autonomously alter its trajectory based on realtime measurements of its environment. Compared to conventional navigation methods, AN techniques can potentially reduce the time and energy needed to explore scalar characteristics of unknown and dynamic regions of interest (e.g., temperature, concentration level). Multiple Uncrewed Aerial Vehicle (UAV) approaches to AN can improve performance by exploiting synchronized spatially-dispersed measurements to generate realtime information regarding the structure of the local scalar field for use in navigation decisions. This dissertation presents initial results of a comprehensive program to develop, verify, and experimentally implement mission-level AN …

Non-Closed Acoustic Cloaking Devices Enabled By Sequential-Step Linear Coordinate Transformations, Zahra Basiri, Mohammad Hosein Fakheri, Ali Abdolali, Chen Shen

Henry M. Rowan College of Engineering Departmental Research

Hitherto acoustic cloaking devices, which conceal objects externally, depend on objects' characteristics. Despite previous works, we design cloaking devices placed adjacent to an arbitrary object and make it invisible without the need to make it enclosed. Applying sequential linear coordinate transformations leads to a non-closed acoustic cloak with homogeneous materials, creating an open invisible region. Firstly, we propose to design a non-closed carpet cloak to conceal objects on a reflecting plane. Numerical simulations verify the cloaking effect, which is completely independent of the geometry and material properties of the hidden object. Moreover, we extend this idea to achieve a directional …

Deep Learning Strategies For Pool Boiling Heat Flux Prediction Using Image Sequences, Connor Heo

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The understanding of bubble dynamics during boiling is critical to the design of advanced heater surfaces to improve the boiling heat transfer. The stochastic bubble nucleation, growth, and coalescence processes have made it challenging to obtain mechanistic models that can predict boiling heat flux based on the bubble dynamics. Traditional boiling image analysis relies on the extraction of the dominant physical quantities from the images and is thus limited to the existing knowledge of these quantities. Recently, machine-learning-aided analysis has shown success in boiling crisis detection, heat flux prediction, real-time image analysis, etc., whereas most of the existing studies are …

Nonmetallic Jet Impingement Thermal Management For Power Electronics Via Additive Manufacturing, Reece Whitt

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The increase in energy demanded by transportation and energy sectors has necessitated highly efficient thermal management for reliable power electronics operations. Conventional cooling techniques are limited by their inability to target switching location hot spot temperatures, leading to non-uniform thermal gradients. These devices, such as cold plates and heat sinks, also utilize heavy metallic structures that can accentuate electromagnetic interferences generated by high voltage switching processes. This work proposes a non-metallic jet impingement cooler for more customized thermal management, while simultaneously reducing the harmful effects of electromagnetic interferences. Additive manufacturing is utilized to enable jet impingement zones to target individual …

Combined Stressors In Reliability Failure Modes In Flip-Chip Electronic Packaging, Mahsa Montazeri

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The trend toward miniaturization of electronic devices to fulfill Moore’s law introduces new reliability concerns to the electronic packaging process while worsening existing primary challenges. In solder interconnect specifically, temperature cycling is one of the prominent failure threats. However, with further downscaling of the flip-chip solder connections, electromigration also present a precarious failure mode in these interconnects. On the other hand, understanding the degradation mechanism in solders is crucial for the power electronic products' reliability considering the industrial tendency to replace wirebonds with solder attachment while improving the current carry capacity. This dissertation utilizes FEA simulation and an experimental approach …

Mission Profile Effects On Automotive Drivetrain Electronics Reliability: Modeling And Mitigation, Bakhtiyar Mohammad Nafis

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The reliability of electronic devices is dependent upon the conditions to which they are subject. Temperature variations coupled with differences in thermal expansion between bonded materials results in thermomechanical stresses to build up, which can instigate failure in the interconnects or other critical regions. With the move towards electrification in the automotive industry, there is the increasingly important consideration of powertrain electronics reliability, the pertinent conditions being governed by the drive cycle or mission profile of the vehicle. The mission profile determines the power dissipated by the electronic devices, which determines the peak and mean temperature, temperature swing and the …

Thermometry Via Diffusion In Ferrous Core-Shell Nanoparticles For Induction Heating Applications, Hayden Carlton

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Induction heating causes the release of enormous amounts of heat from dispersed magnetic nanoparticles. While the rate of heat transfer can be easily quantified calorimetrically, measuring the temperature of the nanoparticles on the nanoscale presents experimental challenges. Fully characterizing the temperature and thermal output of these magnetic particles is necessary to gauge overall heating efficiency and to provide a more holistic understanding of heat transfer on the nanoscale. Herein, this dissertation seeks to develop a novel nanoparticle thermometry technique, which correlates diffusion behavior in core-shell nanoparticles to local temperature. Initial measurements suggested that heating silica capped ferrous nanoparticles (SCNPs) via …

Respiratory Compensated Robot For Liver Cancer Treatment: Design, Fabrication, And Benchtop Characterization, Mishek Jair Musa

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death in the world. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is an effective method for treating tumors less than 5 cm. However, manually placing the RFA needle at the site of the tumor is challenging due to the complicated respiratory induced motion of the liver. This paper presents the design, fabrication, and benchtop characterization of a patient mounted, respiratory compensated robotic needle insertion platform to perform percutaneous needle interventions. The robotic platform consists of a 4-DoF dual-stage cartesian platform used to control the pose of a 1-DoF needle insertion module. The active …

Hobby Grade Lithium-Ion Batteries For Spacecraft Applications: Establishing An Automated Electrical Characteristics Testing Procedure For Flight Acceptance Of Non-Space-Grade Small Secondary Batteries, Braidon Hughes

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Li-ion batteries are widely used due to the large amount of rechargeable energy they pack into a small, light package. This higher energy density makes Li-ion batteries ideal for small satellite applications, specifically CubeSats. CubeSats have grown in popularity in higher level education due to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s implementation of the Cube Satellite Launch Initiative, making it easier and cheaper to conduct small, low orbit missions. Because these CubeSats are occupying the same space as a crewed spacecraft, it is imperative that they are safe. There are numerous reports of Li-ion batteries creating fires that result in …

A Numerical Study Of Water Entry Problems Based On Overset Meshes, Yanni Chang

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Dissertations - Archive

A series of numerical experiments carried out on the water entry of circular cylinders are presented in this study. A cylinder was entering into the water with a prescribed inclined angle and velocity. The interface between water and air is tracked by the Piecewise Linear Interface Calculation (PLIC) schemes in conjunction with the Volume of Fluid (VOF) method. PLIC schemes have been extensively employed in the VOF method for interface capturing in numerical simulations of multiphase flows. Dynamic overset meshes, which have been widely used for problems with relative motions and complex geometric shapes, are applied to handle the moving …

Characterization And Enhancement Of Fatigue And Fracture Properties In Thermoplastic Fff Parts Using In-Situ Annealing, Manjarik Mrinal

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Dissertations - Archive

Fused filament fabrication (FFF) show high anisotropy and reduced mechanical properties as compared to conventional manufacturing techniques. This happens due to the poor interlaminar bonding between the layers, as a result of premature halt of bond healing process. Previous research works show multiple approaches to improve the bond quality to enhance the mechanical properties of FFF parts, however these are complex and expensive techniques. In this work a novel print head assembly is presented to offer a simple and effective solution by applying a thermal field to the part as it is being printed to preheat the previously deposited layer, …

Internal Pressure Response Of A Human Head Surrogate Model Subject To Variable Impact Loading With Finite Element Analysis, Aaron Ronald Jackson

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Theses - Archive

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) from blunt impacts to the head is a major cause of brain disease and dysfunction for thousands of people every year. Each year in the United States approximately 1 million TBI cases occur causing as many as 56,000 deaths and leaving nearly 90,000 individuals with long-term disabilities. Damage resulting from a TBI occurs on a multiscale level including the macroscopic, tissue, and neuron length scale. This research focuses on correlating the macroscopic blunt impact conditions to the internal pressure developed in the coup and countercoup for water and gelatin-filled head models. Two separate 3D printed models …

Synthesis And Characterization Of Graphene-Reinforced Polymer Filaments For Additive Manufacturing, Sean Menezes

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Theses - Archive

Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) is a popular 3D printing process which uses a spool of thermoplastic polymer filament that is melted by the movable extruder printer head onto the bed to generate the required shape. The most used polymer filaments in FDM are Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) and Poly Lactic Acid (PLA). However, these conventional polymer filaments have lower mechanical strength and are more susceptible to cracking as the cooler parts of the printed part shrink so much that they cause cracks to develop, leading to warping. The current investigation focuses on the synthesis of graphene, synthesis of polymer filaments …

Reverse Engineering To Create High Quality Polymer Parts Using Additive Manufacturing, Gurtej Singh Tarsem Singh Channa

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Theses - Archive

Reverse engineering is a process of recreating parts for which the tools no longer exist, reducing the cost of an original part by manufacturing it in-house or redesigning and improving the original part's function. This research demonstrates two methods to reverse engineer a part using Polyworks software, having it printed using an SLS printer and checking the accuracy of the printed part to the original scan. The part is first scanned using a Faro-Arm laser scanner to obtain the point cloud data. The two methods used to recreate and extract the STEP file are: • Exporting NURBS. • Exporting Features …

Development Of The Vehicle Configuration Compendium: A Comprehensive Data-Information-Knowledge System To Aid In High-Speed Vehicle Design, Stenila Simon

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Theses - Archive

The conceptual design phase is the most crucial phase in hypersonic vehicle design. Choices made during this phase will have significant impact on the success of the overall project and the feasibility of the end-product. Therefore, it is of utmost importance for the design decision-maker to be adequately informed of past-to-present projects throughout the aerospace community and lessons learned from them. This avoids wasting valuable time and resources for reinventing the wheel. There currently exists no one-stop solution in the aerospace industry to address the issue of lost data, information and knowledge in the field of high-speed vehicle design. The …

Relating Linear And Rotational Accelerations With Internal Pressures Developed Inside Human Head Surrogate Models, Arthur Thomas Koster

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Theses - Archive

Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a chronic disease process that is difficult to both detect and treat. TBI can result from blast, kinetic, sonic, and electromagnet energy sources. This research focuses on correlating the bulk acceleration of a human-like head model to the localized internal pressure developed in the coup and contrecoup regions due to variable impact loading. Damage resulting in a TBI occurs on a multiscale level from the macroscale down to the damage of each individual neuron. Obtaining a relationship between bulk acceleration and localized internal pressure will allow for further correlation to the damage done on these …

Investigation Of Heat Transfer Performance Of Double Pipe Counter-Flow Heat Pipe Using Three Fluids Water, Dowtherm, And Water-Based Nanofluid, Alaa Abed Harchan Al Hasseun

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Theses - Archive

Heat pipes are two-phase devices, capable of converting a significant amount of energy with low losses. They have been used in several applications such as systems thermal control and cooling. The purpose of the present work is to investigate the thermal performance of a double pipe counterflow against the fluid type. The pipe is divided into three zones including evaporator, adiabatic, and condenser zones. All thermal boundary conditions are defined in terms of heating or cooling temperatures in which the operating temperatures are defined between 303 K to 470 K. using Ansys Fluent, the pipe is analyzed in two-and three-dimensional …