Mechanical Engineering Commons^™

Personality Trait Based Intervention For Workplace Accident Prevention, Yassierli Yassierli, Nurhayati Nurhayati, Marisa Anatasia, Shamsul Bahri

Makara Journal of Technology

Previous research has suggested that some traits may be useful as the predictors of risk behaviours behaviors. Therefore, personality traits seem to play a role in accident involvement. The purpose of this study is was to explore the relationship between the personality traits based on the Big Five Inventory (BFI) and worker accident experiences in order to elaborate personality traits based intervention for workplace accident prevention. A cross cross-sectional study was conducted among 173 workers in a cement company using a set of questionnaires consisting of respondents’ characteristics, BFI, and self-reported accident experience. The correlations were computed using Goodman Kruskal’s …

Energy From Chemical Reactions: Understanding The Combustion Engine, Tammy Guthrie, Kathy Prophet, Greg Herzig, Cassie Kautzer

Middle School Lesson Plans

Automobiles produce a large amount of heat generated by the burning of gasoline. Burning gasoline is a chemical reaction that causes a phase change. This is called combustible energy. During combustion fuel combines with oxygen to release energy (such as heat, light, sound) along with another product that is often considered waste. Most of the energy produced is not used to power the automobile, but is released as heat. 19.3 pounds of the greenhouse gas, carbon dioxide, is produced from the combustion of 1 gallon of U.S. gasoline according to the U.S. Energy Information Administration.

Drawing And Twisting Of Graphene Fibers, Gregory T. Lane, Robert J. Sekerak, Isaias Diaz

Mechanical Engineering

The aim of this project was to develop a more automated process for drawing and twisting of graphene fibers than was currently in place. This was implemented by having two chemical baths with variable speed rollers at either end, and intermediate roller to spool fiber between stages, and a twisting cylinder with integral spool to twist the fiber as it is collected. The goal was to have this first iteration deliver a working prototype, however due to manufacturing delays and timing constraints, that will be missed. A second follow-on project would be able to continue the work presented here and …

Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling And Simulations Of Fast Fluidized Bed And Moving Bed Reactors For Chemical Looping Combustion, Mengqiao Yang

McKelvey School of Engineering Graduate Student Theses & Dissertations

Chemical-looping combustion (CLC) is a next generation carbon capture technology with high efficiency and low cost. To assess the potential of this technology for industrial scale power plants, thousands of laboratory scale and many pilot-scale plants have been designed and tested. In recent years, to obtain a thorough understanding of the hydrodynamic behavior inside the reactors and chemical looping combustion process, high-fidelity numerical simulation using Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD) have been performed. However, CFD simulations in the literature have been limited reported compared to the laboratory scale experiments.

In this thesis, cold flow simulations of a CLC fuel reactor are performed …

A Plastic Design Method For Rc Moment Frame Buildings Against Progressive Collapse, Hadi Faghihmaleki

Makara Journal of Technology

In this study, progressive collapse potential of generic 3-, 8- and 12-storey RC moment frame buildings designed based on IBC-2006 code was investigated by performing non-linear static and dynamic analyses. It was observed that the model structures had high potential for progressive collapse when the second floor column was suddenly removed. Then, the size of beams required to satisfy the failure criteria for progressive collapse was obtained by using the virtual work method; i.e., using the equilibrium of the external work done by gravity load due to loss of a column and the internal work done by plastic rotation of …

In Vitro Toxicity Evaluation Of Caffeine Imprinted Polymer (Caf-Mip) For Decaffeination Method On Normal Chang Liver Cells, Fatimah Hashim, Faizatul Shimal Mehamod, Naizatul Akmal Nawi

Makara Journal of Technology

Over consuming of caffeine is one of the factors to a few health problems such as insomnia, hypertension and cardiovascular disease. This preliminary study was conducted to evaluate the Caffeine-Imprinted Polymer (CAF-MIP) toxicity that was synthesized for a new alternative method for decaffeination. It is crucial to evaluate the toxicity of CAF-MIPas this product is potential to be used as complimentary with any drinks containing caffeine. In this study, the CAF-MIP toxicity potential was confirmed on Normal Chang Liver cell (NCLC) based on its IC50 value andacridine orange and propidium iodide (AO/PI) staining for mode of cell death observation.Proliferation assay …

Sorption And Ion Exchange Behaviour Of Natural Zeolite Packing, Chandra Wahyu Purnomo, Bernice Lenora, Wiratni Budhijanto, Hirofumi Hinode

Makara Journal of Technology

It is well known that zeolite is an efficient metal ions adsorbent. The excess charge of the zeolite building blocks i.e. (AlO4)-5 and (SiO4)-4 creating a negative surface charge that attract metal cations. Beside the surface charge, zeolite also has three dimensional pore structure and reasonably large surface area which also can be used as adsorption sites. Ease of cation uptake make it suitable for many process with adsorption and desorption application. This study was conducted to observe the sorption and ion exchange behaviour of zeolite-betonite rings toward iron and cobalt cations. The results shows that the adsorption patterns follow …

Encapsulation Process Of Propolis Extract By Casein Micelle Improves Sunscreen Activity, Muhamad Sahlan, Dara Dienayati, Darul Hamdi, Soraya Zahra, Heri Hermansyah, Malyn Chulasiri

Makara Journal of Technology

Propolis, a wax bee glue, have antioxidant activity and effective as broad spectrum UVB and UVA photoprotection sunscreens agent. To improve photoprotection activity in sunscreen cream, the propolis was encapsulated by casein micelle. The Indonesian propolis was extracted by ethanol and separated the wax by freeze precipitation. The extract was encapsulated by casein and reduced their size by ball mill homogenizer with the encapsulation efficiency about 80% and size of particles about 80 nm. The particles was applied in sunscreen cream, evaluate their stabillity and photoprotection activity Sun Protection Factor (SPF) spectrophotometer (Optometric 290s). The results shows that the selected …

Nano-Channels Early Formation Investigation On Stainless Steel 316ti After Immersion In Molten Pb-Bi, Abu Khalid Rivai, Mardiyanto Mardiyanto, Annette Heinzel

Makara Journal of Technology

Development of fuel cladding and structural materials in Pb-Bi environment, especially at high temperature, is a critical issue for the deployment of LFR (Lead alloy-cooled Fast Reactor) and ADS (Accelerator Driven Transmutation System). This is because of the corrosive characteristic of Pb-Bi to metals as constituent materials of fuel cladding and structural of the reactors. Corrosion test of a high-chromium austenitic stainless steel i.e. SS316Ti in molten Pb-Bi at 550 ºC has been carried out for about 300 hours continuously. The characterization using SEM-EDS (Scanning Electron Microscopy - Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy) showed that an iron oxide as the outer …

Synthesis Of Libob Fine Powder To Increase Solubility, Etty Marti Wigayati, Titik Lestariningsih, Christin Rina Ratri, Ibrahim Purawiardi, Bambang Prihandoko

Makara Journal of Technology

Lithium bis (oxalate) borate or LiBOB compound has captured interest of researchers, because it is potentially viable to be used as electrolyte salt in lithium-ion battery system. This compound is easy to synthesize and considered to be more environmentally friendly compared to conventional electrolyte salt because LiBOB does not contain halogen element. This research focused on the synthesis of LiBOB fine powder, which main purpose is improving LiBOB salt solubility in liquid electrolyte solution. This will aid the ion transfer between electrodes which in turn will increase the electrolyte performance. Solid state reaction was employed in this experiment. Synthesis of …

Influence Of Polyethylene Glycol (Peg) In Cmc-Nh4br Based Polymer Electrolytes: Conductivity And Electrical Study, Nur Khalidah Zainuddin, Ahmad Salihin Samsudin

Makara Journal of Technology

The present work was carried with new type and promising polymer electrolytes system by development of carboxyl methylcellulose (CMC) doped NH4Br and plasticized with polyethylene glycol (PEG). The sample was successfully prepared via solution casting with no separation phase and good mechanical properties. The electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity of CMC-NH4Br-PEG based PEs system have been measured by the electrical impedance spectroscopy method in the temperature range of 303–373 K. The highest ionic conductivity gained is 2.48 x 10-3 Scm-1 at ambient temperature for sample contain with 8 wt. % PEG. It can be concluded that the plasticized is accountable …

Purification Simulation With Vapor Permeation And Distillation-Adsorption In Bioethanol Plant, Misri Gozan, Mia Sari Setiawan, Kenny Lischer

Makara Journal of Technology

High purity of Bioethanol is required in biofuel mixing with gasoline (EXX). In bioethanol production line, the azeotropic property of ethanol-water becomes the barrier for purification process. This study examined two bioethanol separation processes by support of simulation tools, Superpro Designer 9.0 software. Ethanol purity and a low costeconomical process were the major considerations. Purification method of vapor permeation membrane technology was compared with distillation-adsorption method. Data from previous lab experiments and some literatures were used. The results showed that distillation-adsorption method is more economical compared to vapor permeation technology. Payback period of the simulation is 3.9 years and 4.3 …

In-House Fabrication Of Temperature Sensitive Paint For Turbine Cooling Research, Mayur D. Patel, Mark A. Ricklick

Beyond: Undergraduate Research Journal

The Temperature Sensitive Paint (TSP) is a widely used method in measuring and visualizing flow separation and heat transfer. Compared to the cost and time consumption needed for methods such as pitot tubes, temperature sensitive paint is a cheaper alternative. Due to high usage in College of Engineering research projects, it was determined that in house fabrication of temperature sensitive paint would reduce time and cost limitations. For initial stages, literature research was performed to determine the recipe of intensity based TSP with luminophore and polymer binder that operated optimum at temperatures from 0-100°C. Europium III thenoyltrifluoroacetonate was determined to …

Hybrid Concentrated Solar Thermal Power Systems: A Review, Kody M. Powell, Khalid Rashid, Kevin Ellingwood, Jake Tuttle, Brian D. Iverson

Faculty Publications

Concentrated solar power (CSP), or solar thermal power, is an ideal technology to hybridize with other energy technologies for power generation. CSP shares technology with conventional power generation and can be readily integrated with other energy types into a synergistic system, which has many potential benefits including increased dispatchability and reliability, improved efficiency, reduced capital costs through equipment sharing, and the opportunity for flexible operation by alternating between energy sources. Another advantage of CSP technology is the ability to readily store via thermal energy storage (TES), making the intermittent solar resource dispatchable. A review of CSP hybridization strategies with coal, …

Development And Verification Of A Mechanical Loading Device For Microfluidics, Stefan Habean, Erin Tesny

Undergraduate Research Posters 2017

Establishing the role that mechanics play in nerve cell (e.g. neurons) function requires experimental testing. Microfluidic based experiments are commonly used to study neuron growth and function, and studies have found mechanics to play an important role in neuron health. External loads can be applied to a microfluidic device using a motor, which presumably influences the mechanical environment of the cells. While a motor can easily apply known displacements, a “load cell” is necessary to measure corresponding forces. In an existing prototype microfluidic loading device, a load cell was integrated and verified. The manufacturer's calibration of the load cell was …

Co-Gasification Of Coal And Biomass Wastes In An Entrained Flow Gasifier: Modelling, Simulation And Integration Opportunities, Dalia A. Ali Eng, Mamdouh A. Gadalla Prof., Omar Y. Abdelaziz, Christian P. Hulteberg, Fatma H. Ashour Prof.

Chemical Engineering

Gasification processes convert carbon-containing material into syngas through chemical reactions in the presence of gasifying agents such as air, oxygen, and steam. Syngas mixtures produced from such processes consist mainly of carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen (H2), carbon dioxide (CO2), and methane (CH4); this gas can be directly utilised as a fuel to produce electricity or steam. Besides, it is regarded as a basic feedstock within the petrochemical and conventional refining industries, producing various useful products like methanol, hydrogen, ammonia, and acetic acid. In this work, a rigorous process model is developed to simulate the co-gasification of coal-biomass blends through an …

Method For Carbon Dioxide Splitting, James E. Miller, Richard B. Diver, Nathan P. Siegel

Other Faculty Research and Publications

A method for splitting carbon dioxide via a two-step metal oxide thermochemical cycle by heating a metal oxide compound selected from an iron oxide material of the general formula A_xFe_3-xO₄, where 0≦x≦1 and A is a metal selected from Mg, Cu, Zn, Ni, Co, and Mn, or a ceria oxide compound of the general formula M_aCe_bO_c, where 0

Cathodic Protection Measurement Through Inline Inspection Technology Uses And Observations, Briana Ley Ferguson

Masters Theses

"This research supports the evaluation of an impressed current cathodic protection (CP) system of a buried coated steel pipeline through alternative technology and methods, via an inline inspection device (ILI, CP ILI tool, or tool), in order to prevent and mitigate external corrosion. This thesis investigates the ability to measure the current density of a pipeline's CP system from inside of a pipeline rather than manually from outside, and then convert that CP ILI tool reading into a pipe-to-soil potential as required by regulations and standards. This was demonstrated through a mathematical model that utilizes applications of Ohm's Law, circuit …

A Miniaturized Spectrophotometric In Situ Ph Sensor For Seawater, Reuben C. Darlington

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Since the Industrial Revolution, the world's oceans have absorbed increasing amounts of CO2 and the resultant changes to the marine carbonate chemical system have reduced the pH by > 0.1 units (~ 30%) in surface waters. This acidification of the oceans has many far reaching impacts on marine life and there is great need of quality instrumentation to assess and follow the changing carbonate system. This MIS project aims to develop a low cost pH sensor with high precision and accuracy for open sea measurements with special emphasis on reduced size and cost. Design effort is based on the commercially available …

Heat Transfer Analysis In A Paddle Reactor For Biomass Fast Pyrolyis, Ankith Ullal

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Heat transfer analysis was performed on a novel auger reactor for biomass fast pyrolysis. As part of this analysis, correlations for specific heat capacity and heat transfer coefficients for biomass (sawdust) and sand (used as heat transfer medium) were developed. For sand, the heat transfer coefficient followed a power law distribution with reactor fill level and temperature. For raw biomass, the heat transfer coefficient also showed similar dependence on fill level, but was independent of temperature up to 300°C. These correlations were used in a one dimensional heat transfer model developed to calculate the heating time and heating rate of …

Hybrid Metal Oxide Cycle Water Splitting, Richard B. Diver Jr., Robert D. Palumbo, Nathan P. Siegel, James E. Miller

Other Faculty Research and Publications

Hybrid thermochemical water splitting systems are disclosed that thermally reduces metal oxides particles to displace some but not all of the electrical requirements in a water splitting electrolytic cell. In these hybrid systems, the thermal reduction temperature is significantly reduced compared to two-step metal-oxide thermochemical cycles in which only thermal energy is required to produce hydrogen from water. Also, unlike conventional higher temperature systems where the reduction step must be carried out under reduced oxygen pressure, the reduction step in the proposed hybrid systems can be carried out in air, allowing for thermal input by a solar power tower with …

Expression And The Functional Study Of Fusion Proteins Α-Amylase And Hemolysin- Αas An Application In Biofilm Polysaccharide Degradation, Gede Yuda Sugiarta, Anggoro Wiseso, Siska Yuliana Sari, Etri Dian Kamila, Vanessa Geraldine, Diana Christina, Muhammad Hanifi, Dwiantari Satyapertiwi, Robby Hertanto, Budiman Bela, Masafumi Yohda, Muhamad Sahlan

Makara Journal of Technology

Biofilm is an aggregate of consortium bacteria that adhere to each other on a surface. It is usually protected by the exopolysaccharide layer. Various invasive medical procedures, such as catheterization, endotracheal tube installation, and contact lens utilization, are vulnerable to biofilm infection. The National Institute of Health (NIH) estimates 65% of all microbial infections are caused by biofilm. Periplasmic α-amylase (MalS) is an enzyme that hydrolyzes α-1, 4- glicosidic bond in glycogen, starch, and others related polysaccharides in periplasmic space. Another protein called hemolysin-α (HlyA) is a secretion signal protein on C terminal of particular peptide in gram negative bacteria. …

Design Of The Human Assembly Strategy In A Self-Optimizing Assembly Cell: A Case Study Of Indonesians, Novie Susanto, Ratna Purwaningsih, Kharisma Panca Kurniawati

Makara Journal of Technology

This paper presents a continuing study of the human cognitive aspect application in the technical systems. The last studies design a human-centered design based on the German culture. The result shows a significant difference of human performance between Germans and Indonesians. Therefore, this study examines the human cognitive model based on Indonesian culture to investigate whether the different cognitive model based on the culture aspect can improve the human performance. The study was conducted on 60 people classified by age, young (16-34 years old) and old (older than 34 years old). Participants render predictions on an assembly activity for two …

Optimizing Supply Chain Collaboration Based On Agreement Buyer-Supplier Relationship With Network Design Problem, Wahyudi Sutopo, Ayu Erliza, Arien Heryansyah

Makara Journal of Technology

In recent years, the rising competitive environment with shorter product life cycles and high customization forces industries to increase their flexibility, speed up their response, and enhance concurrent engineering designs. To integrate these prospects, supply chain collaboration becomes a pertinent strategy for industries to strengthen their competitiveness. The network design problem is used to implement supply chain collaboration. In the buying and selling process, sharing information between buyer and supplier are important to obtain a transaction decision. The optimimum supply chain profit can be identified by mathematical model of network design problem. The Mathematical Model takes into consideration the uncertainity …

Effect Of Milling On The Densification Of Sic-Basedcomposites From Polysilazane, Alfian Noviyanto, Toshiyuki Nishimura

Makara Journal of Technology

High density SiC-based composites from polysilazane were fabricated by high energy milling and hot pressing. After cross-linking at 200 °C, the polysilazane was pyrolysed at 1000 °C in N2 for 2 h to form amorphous Si-C-N-O followed by high energy milling for 1 h. Milled amorphous Si-C-N-O was sintered in hot pressing at 1600 and 1700 °C for 1 h in vacuum under the applied pressure of 50 MPa. Although no sintering additives were used, dense SiC-based composites were obtained with this method. Sintered density was 3.04 g/cm3, while only 2.57 g/cm3 for amorphous Si-C-N-O without milling. It is suggested …

Characterization And Utilization Of Calcium Oxide (Cao) Thermally Decomposed From Fish Bones As A Catalyst In The Production Of Biodiesel From Waste Cooking Oil, Aldes Lesbani, Sabat Okta Ceria Sitompul, Risfidian Mohadi, Nurlisa Hidayati

Makara Journal of Technology

Thermal decomposition of fish bones to obtain calcium oxide (CaO) was conducted at various temperatures of 400, 500, 800, 900, 1000, and 1100 °C. The calcium oxide was then characterized using X-ray diffractometer, FTIR spectrophotometer, and SEM analysis. The calcium oxide obtained from the decomposition at 1000 °C was then used as a catalyst in the production of biodiesel from waste cooking oil. Diffraction pattern of the calcium oxide produced from decomposition at 1000 °C showed a pattern similar to that of the calcium oxide produced by the Joint Committee on Powder Diffraction Standard (JCDPS). The diffractions of 2q values …

Thermoeconomic Optimization Of Cascade Refrigeration System Using Mixed Carbon Dioxide And Hydrocarbons At Low Temperature Circuit, Nasruddin Nasruddin, Arnas Arnas, Ahmad Faqih, Niccolo Giannetti

Makara Journal of Technology

Many applications and industrial processes require very low cooling temperature, such as cold storage in the biomedical field, requiring temperature below -80 °C. However, single-cycle refrigeration systems can only achieve the effective cooling temperature of -40 °C and, also, the performance of the cycle will decrease drastically for cooling temperatures lower than -35°C. Currently, most of cascade refrigeration systems use refrigerants that have ozone depletion potential (ODP) and global warming potential (GWP), therefore, in this study, a cascade system is simulated using a mixture of environmentally friendly refrigerants, namely, carbon dioxide and a hydrocarbon (propane, ethane or ethylene) as the …

Developing Road Infrastructure Route Planning: Increasing Feasibility Of Toll Road Project, Mohammed Ali Berawi, Teuku Yuri Zagloel, Perdana Miraj, Abdur Rohim Boy Berawi, Wellsi Titaheluw, Saipol Bari Bin Abd Karim

Makara Journal of Technology

Indonesian government attempts to improve connectivity and to increase regional activities in Sumatera Island through the development of Trans Sumatera Toll Road (TSTR). However, despite its benefits to local economic development in Sumatera, the project shows low feasibility due to a low amount of investment. It can be attributed from the lack of planning in the initial phase to produce a comprehensive route that considers the various potentials of the regions. Thus, this research aims to investigate alternative route planning of Trans Sumatera Toll Road particularly in this paper for Central Sumatera by studying Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP), population …

Thermal And -Γ –Ray Irradiation Effects On The Ionic Conductivity Of (Licl)X(Montmorillonite)1-X, Safei Purnama, Aziz Khan Jahja, Takeshi Sakuma

Makara Journal of Technology

Compositesof montmorillonite (MMT) - lithium salts have been prepared using a simple process of powders mixing followed by heating. The powders resulting from this method are expected to beionic conductors with a high ionic conductivity characteristics. This characteristics is also further improved by employing gamma-ray irradiation technique at specified irradiation doses. The best results were obtained for the (LiCl)0.5(MMT)0.5 composite with a room temperature ionic conductivity of 2.192 mS/cm, which then increases to ~5 mS/cm after gamma irradiation at a dose of 400 kGy. This value is equivalent to the value of the ionic conductivity of current commercial rechargeable lithium …

Haul Truck Tires Recycling, Omkar Bhave

Chemical Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses

The disposal of large Off-the-Road (OTR) tires is an increasingly important concern. These tires can weigh up to 8,450 pounds with an overall diameter and width of approximately 140.7 inches and 45.1 inches respectively. OTR tires are used for mining vehicles such as haul trucks, wheel loaders, backhoes, graders, and trenchers.[1] These new tires cost between $38,000 and $50,000 each, depending on multiple factors including oil prices and the cyclical nature of the industry. Haul trucks contain six tires per vehicle, and mines replace these tires around every 9-12 months.[2] Statistics regarding discarded OTR tires are not provided by the …