Structural Materials Commons^™

Aesthetic Design Of Hechuan Qujiang Landscape Bridge, Zheng Guangqin, Chen Jiayong, Li Yue, Lai Yaping, Qiao Yunqiang

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

Hechuan Qujiang Landscape Bridge is located at the junction of Qujiang River and Jialing River. It is a 1 × 400 m simple supported single-cable surface ground anchor suspension bridge. The main girder is a steel box girder arranged with curved branches. One side is the highway system to meet the needs of motor vehicles across the river, and the other side is the greenway system to meet the needs of pedestrians and non-motor vehicles. In the design process, the aesthetic design of the bridge was fully studied from four aspects: environment aesthetics, structure aesthetics, function aesthetics, and form aesthetics. …

Study On Optimal Layout Of Cross ⁃Diaphragm In Oblique Small Box Girder, Mai Xinhao

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

In order to determine the optimal layout of the cross⁃diaphragms in the oblique small box girder, a prestressed concrete small box girder bridge with a 50 m span was taken as the research object, and its internal force under the load of the moving beam was numerically simulated and measured. First, the model was modified according to the measured stress data, and the maximum distance between the cross⁃diaphragms was determined by using the warping-limited normal stress. Then, the height and thickness of the middle cross⁃diaphragms were determined according to the deflection difference coefficient of the bridge span. Finally, according to …

Non⁃Gaussian Features Of Fluctuating Wind Pressures Under Combined Axle Condition, Chen Zhiqiang

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

In view of the non-Gaussian characteristics of wind pressure on the train surface of a typical high-speed railway train and bridge system, the Gaussian variable was expressed as a Hermite polynomial considering non-Gaussian variables by using Hermite series expansion method, and the probability density curve and peak factor of train surface were analyzed. The results show that the Davenport peak factor based on Gaussian distribution obviously underestimates the non-Gaussian peak factor, and its probability density curve deviates from the actual curve of the measuring point. The Hermite series peak factor method based on the modified method takes into account the …

Application Of 3d Reconstruction Model In Inspection Of Bridge Apparent Defects, Xu Guangli, Li Shaoyong, Tang Jun, Liu Shuqi, Zhou Yin

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

In view of problems such as low efficiency, poor accuracy, and imprecise three-dimensional (3D) location of defects in apparent defect inspection of bridges, this paper proposed a method for apparent defect inspection of bridges based on a 3D reconstruction model. By taking the indoor rectangular beam as the object, a three-dimensional bridge model was established, and its accuracy was verified. Then, based on the point cloud data derived from the model, a program was written in Python to realize the identification, measurement, and parameter derivation of apparent defects of bridges. Dade Bridge in Kunming, Yunnan Province was set as the …

Design And Construction Of Steel Caisson For Inclined Pilecap Of Beitstadsund Bridge In Norway, Yang Dingjun

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

At present, the underwater bridge foundation construction technology in China and abroad has been relatively mature, but the different geographical environments, hydrogeological conditions, the form of basic structure, and the available construction equipment lead to different construction schemes and technologies. The Beitstadsund Bridge in Norway is located near the Arctic Circle in central Norway and across the strait. In the design and construction of the deep-water steel cofferdam of the inclined steel pile cap for the bridge, the overall installation of the steel cofferdam was realized by setting the cofferdam support on the inclined steel pipe group, the overall positioning …

Study On Correction Method Of Cable Length Error In Construction Control Of Cable ⁃Stayed Bridges, Huang Gen, Chen Changsong

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

In order to effectively correct the stay cable length error during the construction of the cable-stayed bridge, this paper proposed a correction method with the exposure of the sockets as the error control index and analyzed the influence of the elastic modulus, temperature effect, and anchor point coordinates of the cable on the cable length error from the perspective of construction control. Then, error correction was achieved by adjusting the position of the manufacturing cable length and the nut at the anchor end. The results of application in Jiayu Yangtze River Highway Bridge show that this method can improve the …

Analysis Of Mechanical And Deformation Characteristics Of Karst Tunnel Structure And Research On Treatment Technology, Huang Haifeng, Chang Zhenchao, Luo Junhui, Zhou Xiang, Ceng Fuquan, Tian Fapai

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

Combined with the construction process of Nongmo Karst Tunnel on Du’an–Bama Expressway, this paper used Midas-GTS finite element calculation software to conduct numerical simulation research on the stability of surrounding rock and treatment structure of tunnel with karst caves on either side, analyzed the influence of tunnel excavation on the stress and deformation characteristics of surrounding rock and supporting structure, and probed into the treatment effect of biased wall and root pile on the treatment of karst tunnel. The results show that the surrounding rock at the bottom of the tunnel, the top of the composite foundation, and the top …

Effect Of Temperature And Light On Characteristics Of Asphalt Emissions, Zhu Xuwei, Tian Bo

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

In order to study the effects of temperature and light on the characteristics of asphalt emissions, atmospheric pressure chemical ionization–time-of-flight mass spectrometer (APCI‑TOF MS) and electron impact ionization mass spectrometry (EI‑MS) were used to quantitatively characterize the composition information of PG 62-22 asphalt emissions at different temperatures (40–200 °C). The effects of different temperatures and light on total emission factor, SOA conversion factor, intermediate volatile organic compound (IVOC)/semi-volatile organic compound (SVOC) volume fraction, and aromatics volume fraction of asphalt emissions were studied. The results show that the components of asphalt emissions change with temperature, and the components are complex and …

Study On Triaxial Mechanical Properties Of Glass Fiber Reinforced Cement Soil In Short Age, Wang Wei, Dai Mengdan, Yu Wenjie

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

In order to evaluate the improvement effect of fiber on the brittle damage of cement soil, a triaxial unconsolidated undrained (UU) test was carried out on glass fiber cement soil (GCS) with a curing age of 7 d and a mass fraction of glass fiber (GF) of 0, 2‰, 4‰, 6‰, and 8‰, respectively. The results show that: ① GCS retains the original strain softening characteristics of cement soil; ② For the same mass fraction of GF, the peak stress, peak strain, and residual strength of GCS samples increase gradually with the increase in confining pressure, but the brittleness index …

Study On Experimental Application Of Xinjiang Steel Slag In Cement Stabilized Base, Chen Wei, Yu Haiming, Li Qian, Huang Yong, Si Yi

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

Based on the experimental study of Xinjiang steel slag in cement-stabilized base, the physical and chemical characteristics of steel slag were analyzed, and the unconfined compressive strength, splitting strength, and dry shrinkage performance of cement-stabilized steel slag and gravel mixture with different cement dosages (4% and 5%) and steel slag contents (30%, 40%, and 60%) were analyzed. The test results show that steel slag can be used as a good engineering aggregate in a cement-stabilized base, and with the addition of steel slag, the unconfined compressive strength and splitting strength of steel slag and gravel mixture are increased to varying …

Mechanical Properties And Micro Analysis Of Cement Stabilized Steel Slag Macadam Base, Wan Tianbao

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

With steel slag as coarse aggregate, cement-stabilized steel slag macadam base material was designed and prepared by selecting three kinds of cement dosage and three kinds of steel slag content. The mechanical properties of cement-stabilized steel slag macadam base were studied through compaction and unconfined compressive strength tests, and XRD and SEM microscopic tests were carried out to analyze the mineral composition and microscopic morphology of steel slag and mixture and clarify the internal mechanism of hydration product formation and microstructure and strength formation. The results show that the maximum dry density and optimum moisture content of cement-stabilized steel slag …

Analysis Of Influence Of Moisture Content ⁃Temperature Dual Factor On Mechanical Properties Of Red Clay, Wang Jiangtao, Bao Temenbaiyila, Yang Weiguang, Zhou Qi, Fu Helin

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

Under the new climatic environment and engineering construction requirements, engineering problems involving red clay are becoming more and more prominent, and it is urgent to deeply grasp the mechanical and engineering properties of residual slope red clay. The typical red clay in Hunan Province was studied in this paper. Based on the unconsolidated undrained direct shear test, this paper studied the mechanical properties of residual slope red clay under the influence of moisture content and temperature, focusing on the most unfavorable conditions affecting the mechanical properties of red clay. The results show that: ① The shear strength of red clay …

Traffic Conflict Analysis Of Multila Neexpressway Based On Simulation, Ceng Yuekai, Zhou Tao, Chen Yazhen

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

In order to prevent traffic accidents on multi-lane expressways, the VISSIM traffic simulation model was established based on three types of multi-lane traffic conflicts: mixed passenger and cargo type, separated passenger and cargo type, and separated main and auxiliary type. SSAM software was used to obtain traffic conflict data, and the form, quantity, and location of the conflicts were analyzed. The results show that traffic conflicts are the most under the mixed passenger and cargo type, which are mainly distributed in the upper 100 m range of the innermost lane, outermost lane, and deceleration lane. The traffic conflicts under the …

Risk Analysis Of Highway Nighttime Maintenance Operation Based On Sem, Fan Jinhua, Zou Leping, Qi Shaoren, Tian Zhen

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

In order to analyze the factors affecting the risk of nighttime expressway maintenance operation and quantitatively assess the degree of influence of various factors on the risk of nighttime maintenance operation, this paper extracted five first-level indicators and 36 second-level indicators that affect the risk of operation through literature review, accident data, and questionnaire survey and built an evaluation system. The first-order and second-order confirmatory factor analysis models were constructed by using a structural equation model (SEM) based on 343 questionnaires of the nighttime maintenance operation risks. The results show that the driver factor has the greatest effect on the …

Study On Effectiveness Evaluation Method Of Expressway Drainage System In Rainy Area, Luo Datian, Li Jiayi, Zou Jingrong

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

In order to comprehensively evaluate the effectiveness of expressway drainage systems in rainy areas and comprehensively analyze the factors affecting the effectiveness of drainage systems, this paper took the perfection of drainage system, stability of drainage facilities, and road traffic safety as the first-level evaluation index and six kinds of influencing factors such as the degree of integrity as the second-level index, and it put forward the evaluation criteria of the effectiveness of expressway drainage system in rainy areas. The fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was used to determine the membership degree of expert scoring through the trapezoid membership function, and …

Research On Crack And Permeability Characteristics Of Cement ⁃Modified Expansive Soil Under Dry ⁃Wet Cycles, Bao Guiyong, Xu Yangshaojun, Jiang Zhijie, Rong Hongliu, Wang Jinlong

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

In order to study the engineering permeability characteristics of cement-modified expansive soil under dry and wet cycles, the mix ratio of cement-modified expansive soil was designed, and the orthogonal design test method was adopted. Image analysis software PACS, unconfined compressive strength test, and laboratory permeability test were used to study the crack development, strength attenuation characteristics, and permeability changes of cement-modified expansive soil under dry and wet cycle conditions. The results show that soil permeability and strength are greatly affected by the number of dry and wet cycles. Under the condition of dry and wet cycles, the moisture content of …

A Strong And Ductile Cobalt-Free Solid-Solution Fe30ni30mn30cr10 Multi-Principal Element Alloy From Hot Rolling, Hans Pommerenke, Jiaqi Duan, Nathan Curtis, Victor Delibera, Adam Bratten, Andrew Hoffman, Mario Buchely, Ronald O'Malley, Haiming Wen

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Most of the face-centered cubic (FCC) multi-principal element alloys (MPEAs) developed thus far contain cobalt. for many applications, it is either required or beneficial to avoid cobalt, since cobalt has long-term activation issue (for nuclear applications), is expensive, and is considered a critical material. in addition, FCC structured solid-solution MPEAs tend to have relatively low strength. an FCC solid-solution Fe30Ni30Mn30Cr10 (at %) MPEA was fabricated via arc melting, followed by homogenization at 1100 °C for 12 h. the alloy was hot rolled at 1100 °C with a total reduction of up to 97 %. the microstructure was characterized, and mechanical …

Toward Low Carbon Footprint And Lightweight Masonry Alkali-Activated Material, Zina Ebrahim, Mohammad Mastali, Marc Maguire

Durham School of Architectural Engineering and Construction: Faculty Publications

The portland cement concrete industry and the masonry industry are undergoing changes in response to skilled labor shortages and concerns over climate and pollution. There may be interest from parts of the industry in lower carbon footprint and lightweight masonry products. Toward this aim, the use of hemp shiv--the woody core of the hemp plant--in alkali-activated concrete was investigated herein and shown to have a wide range of impacts on the hardened state characteristics of a material suitable for structural concrete masonry units (CMUs) in accordance with ASTM C90 requirements. Hemp shiv is well known for its use in hempcrete, …

Experimental Characterization And Computer Vision-Assisted Detection Of Pitting Corrosion On Stainless Steel Structural Members, Riley J. Muehler

Master's Theses

Pitting corrosion is a prevalent form of corrosive damage that can weaken, damage, and initiate failure in corrosion-resistant metallic materials. For instance, 304 stainless steel is commonly utilized in various structures (e.g., miter gates, heat exchangers, and storage tanks), but is prone to failure through pitting corrosion and stress corrosion cracking under mechanical loading, regardless of its high corrosion resistance. In this study, to better understand the pitting corrosion damage development, controlled corrosion experiments were conducted to generate pits on 304 stainless steel specimens with and without mechanical loading. The pit development over time was characterized using a high-resolution laser …

Interlaminar Tensile Properties Of Unidirectional And Woven Carbon Fiber Reinforced Toughened Epoxy Laminates, Eric Timothy Casey, Sean Mckalip Thompson

Materials Engineering

This project aims to develop a dataset on interlaminar tensile strength comparing unidirectional and woven thermoset matrix carbon fiber composites keeping ply count, matrix material, and fiber diameter constant. The interlaminar tensile strength is an important property relating to the delamination failure mode. Interlaminar tensile strength is determined using the ASTM D6415 testing standard. This test is a modified four-point bend test using a 90° curved beam test specimen. Laminates were produced by laying up pre-impregnated carbon fiber sheets onto a curved beam tooling. The unidirectional laminate was produced with 20 plies in a [0,0,90,0,0]₄ layup pattern. The woven …

Multi-Physics Numerical Simulation Of Corrosion And Service Life Evaluation Of Novel Reinforced Concrete Systems, Jin Fan

Dissertations

Durability challenges of reinforced concrete materials can shorten the service life and increase the carbon footprint of civil infrastructure systems. Novel alternative materials, such as high-performance fiber reinforced cementitious composites (HPFRCCs) and recycled aggregate concrete (RAC), offer an alternative to tradi-tional concrete materials by increasing the service life of infrastructure or reducing raw material consumption, thereby reducing the life-cycle carbon footprint. Due, in part, to a lack of robust numerical tools, predicting the durability response of these emerging cementitious materials has been insufficiently addressed. A time-dependent multi-physics modeling framework is proposed and adopted to investigate the chloride induced deterioration mechanisms …

Evaluating The Potential Of Geopolymer Concrete As A Sustainable Alternative For Thin White-Topping Pavement, Sathvik S. Chandra, Pshtiwan Shakor, Sarwar Mohmmad, Bankole O. Awuzie, Atul K. Singh, Abishek Rauniyar, M Karakouzian

Civil and Environmental Engineering and Construction Faculty Research

Introduction:

The construction industry uses a large quantity of natural materials in the production of concrete. Although attempts to incorporate green materials in concrete began years ago, not every building uses such materials today, and roadways, particularly, still rely on unsustainable materials.

Methods:

Therefore, this study used alternative materials, including fly ash, manufactured sand aggregates, and different molarities of alkaline activators, to incorporate waste byproducts in a geopolymer concrete white-topping pavement layer. Recent developments have led to the emergence of geopolymers as distinct classes of materials. In the 1990s, fly ash-based geopolymers became more popular than other kinds, as they …

Study Of A Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composite Using A Biobased Polyurethane As A Thermosetting Resin, Teddy Mageto

Electronic Theses & Dissertations

Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer composites (CFRP) have garnered increasing interest in recent years especially in the aerospace and automobile industries where they are gradually replacing metals as structural materials. This is owing to their light weight, high strength, high modulus, and excellent strength-to-weight ratio. Polymers are typically used as thermosetting resins in these composites. However, the synthesis of polymers currently is conducted via petrochemical processes which leads to adverse effects on the environment. To this end, in this work a biobased Polyurethane (PU) was used as a thermosetting resin in a CFRP. The biobased PU was synthesized by the reaction …

Synthesis And Characterization Of Sodium Cathode Materials, He Zhou

McKelvey School of Engineering Graduate Student Theses & Dissertations

As sodium batteries hold great promise as a next-generation energy storage device to replace lithium batteries, the development of sodium battery materials has become increasingly urgent. The current study aims to investigate two potential sodium-ion battery cathode materials, Sodium Vanadium Phosphate, and Sodium Manganese Hexacyanoferrate, optimize the experimental procedures, conduct a systematic analysis of material properties and characterization, and ultimately determine the ideal synthesis conditions for these materials.

In the first part of the study, we focused on optimizing the synthesis of Sodium Vanadium Phosphate. By investigating various synthesis conditions, such as annealing temperature, pressure, ascorbic acid content, and material …

Research And Application Of Dynamic Compaction Treatment Method For Highway Subgrade In Karst Development Area, Liu Xiaoming, Wang Yigang, Zhao Minghua

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

This paper utilizes discrete-continuum coupled numerical simulation to investigate the failure modes of karst cave roofs with varying spans under specific compaction energy levels. The relationship between the span of the cave roof and the compaction energy required to cause roof collapse is established, providing an estimation method for the maximum unsupported span of cave roofs within the subgrade area. Based on this, the stability of karst cave foundations under the influence of subgrade loads can be evaluated. Depending on the results, a double-layer reinforced continuous concrete slab can be installed in the pavement base to enhance stability and mitigate …

Comparative Analysis Of Asphalt Pavement Performance Prediction Models Based On Gamma And Markov Processes, Ma Shibin, Chen Yonghao

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

Pavement performance prediction is a critical component of pavement management systems, serving as an essential basis and prerequisite for decision-making in asphalt pavement maintenance. This paper introduces the relevant theories of Gamma and Markov stochastic processes to construct asphalt pavement performance prediction models and address uncertainties related to pavement degradation. The results show that stochastic process models are effective in predicting pavement performance degradation and service life. Matlab programming was used to predict asphalt pavement performance and lifespan, yielding pavement degradation curves that significantly improve prediction accuracy and reliability. Finally, taking a test road section in Hebei Province as an …

Study On Interlayer Bonding Properties And Influence Factors Of Cape Seal, Li Yan, Zhang Chengxue, Qiu Yeji, Zhang Haijun

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

To address pavement issues such as shoving and rutting caused by insufficient bonding strength in cape seal layers, this paper investigates the interlayer bonding properties and influencing factors of cape seal. Mechanical tests were conducted using a pavement interlayer shear-pull testing device. Through interlayer pull-off, direct shear, and torsional shear tests, the maximum tensile force, shear force, and torque at failure were obtained. The interlayer bonding performance of cape seal was analyzed in terms of gravel coverage rates, as well as upper and lower layer combinations. The results show that when the gravel coverage rate is 80%-90%, and the cape …

Fracture Mechanics‐Based Fatigue Study Of Corrugated Steel Webs, Li Haidi, Yang Lei

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

To develop fatigue analysis and evaluation methods for corrugated steel web structures, constant-amplitude fatigue load tests were conducted on experimental beam models, supplemented by fatigue test data from domestic and international studies. The finite element submodeling method was employed to obtain stress distribution functions at structural details, and the weight function method was used to derive the stress intensity factor at the crack tip. The Paris law in fracture mechanics was applied to derive the S-N curve for corrugated steel web structures. Comparative analysis with fatigue test results shows that when the initial crack depth is set as a0=t/20 (accounting …

Research On Multi‐Source And Heterogeneous Data Integration Of Large Bridge Health Monitoring System, Wang Daijun, Zhou Tiantu, Fu Junmin, Chen Xing, Lu Shuai, Yu Zheng

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

Large bridge health monitoring systems are characterized by numerous sensors, diverse types, various communication methods, and flexible network configurations. The multi-source heterogeneous nature of the data poses significant challenges for data integration. To address the application requirements of bridge health monitoring, this paper designs a multi-source heterogeneous data integration scheme. The scheme achieves structured storage of multi-source heterogeneous data and introduces the concept of “structured communication.” This enables structured communication configuration, unified communication control, and flexible data processing, standardizing and simplifying communication configuration management in data acquisition systems. These improvements enhance code simplicity, maintainability, and the overall integration level of …

Selection And Design Of Anchorage For Suspension Bridge In Downhill Area Under Complex Geological Conditions, Chen Yongliang, He Shiyong, Xia Zhixian, Wu Wenxiang

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

Due to the complexities of design and construction, long-span single-tower suspension bridges are rarely applied in practice. The main bridge of the Jinsha River Bridge at Tiger Leaping Gorge adopts a 766 m single-span single-tower steel truss suspension bridge. On the Lijiang anchorage side, complex geological conditions posed significant challenges due to geological structures, while the reservoir level of the planned hydropower station created adverse hydrological conditions for waterproofing and durability of the anchorage system. The selection of an appropriate anchorage type was therefore particularly challenging. This paper first details the selection process for anchorage under complex geological conditions. It …