Polymer and Organic Materials Commons^™

Effect Of Different Pressures On Polymer Flow At A Contraction Path: A Real-Time Numerical Approach, Muhammad Afiq Azmi, Zulkifli Mohamad Ariff, Raa Khimi Shuib, Arjulizan Rusli, Ku Marsilla Ku Ishak, Mohamad Danial Shafiq, Zuratul Ain Abdul Hamid, Zulfirdaus Zakaria, Muhamad Husaini Abu Bakar, Muhammad Khalil Abdullah

Makara Journal of Technology

The complexity of polymer flow through a contraction arises from the simultaneous occurrence of shear and elongational strains near the entrance of the contraction path (die). Although this phenomenon has been extensively studied, the effect of plunger motion on the flow toward the contraction path remains underexplored. This study investigated the rheological behavior of thermoplastic polymers at a contraction flow path to enhance the understanding of their flow and rheological behavior, including variations in velocity, pressure, viscosity, and shear rate under varying loads. Polypropylene (PP), a semicrystalline polymer with a low melting point, was used as the test material. The …

Wood-Plastic Composites Integration For Triboelectric Nanogenerator Electricity Generation, Hanbyeol Park, Razamala Yashna F. Dimaporo, Sophia Maureen A. Emperado, Anton Jefferson L. Pangilinan, Juan Carlo T. Gumangan

Sinaya: A Philippine Journal for Senior High School Teachers and Students

Access to electricity in underdeveloped communities is particularly crucial in improving the living standards of people and alleviating poverty by promoting sustainable development. This study deals with the exploration of incorporating wood-plastic composite (WPC) – specifically wood pulp (W) and high-density polyethylene (H) – into triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) flooring system to convert mechanical energy to electrical energy, promoting sustainable energy, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, improving the quality of life, and serving as feasible flooring tiles. Two types of TENG tiles were prepared by using different WPC ratios: 30W:70H and 70W:30H. A static bending test was conducted to assess the flexural …

Synthesis Of Activated Carbon From Coconut Shell And Recycled Styrofoam Nanofiber For Water Filtration, Rahma Dani, Ismet Ismet, Leni Marlina, Rona Alisya, Muhamad Abel Kirana Aldi, Anggi Ludiansyah, Lintang Auliya Kurdiati, Meutia Kamilatun Nuha Ap Idjan, Agung Mataram, Muhammad Rama Almafie, Ida Sriyanti

Makara Journal of Science

Water pollution affects life sustainability; hence, several efforts have been exerted to overcome this problem. For ex-ample, nanofiber membrane technology is introduced to retain solutes while allowing only water molecules to pass through the system. Therefore, this study aimed to maximize the technology for water filtration using the electrospin-ning method by combining Styrofoam waste-based polymer with activated carbon from coconut shell waste (ACCS). The nanofiber diameter produced ranged from 590 nm to 610 nm with porous characteristics and without beads. The carbon content varied from 68.04% to 69.84%, according to the energy dispersive X-ray measurement, demonstrating the composite’s effectiveness. The …

Using Additive Manufacturing To Characterize Effects Of Sparse Infill Density And Sparse Infill Pattern On The Compressive Properties Of Short Strand Carbon Fiber Infused Petg, Luke C. Salisbury

Honors Theses

The advent of additive manufacturing has revolutionized the prototyping, design, and manufacturing of new and innovative products. Through the use of Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), parts can be manufactured using different sparse infill percentages (the percentage of void space within a printed object) and sparse infill patterns (the lattice structure of material within the object). Through the manipulation of these variables, the same material and part can have different compressive and flexural properties. In addition to sparse infill, the thermoplastics used in fused deposition modeling can be reinforced with carbon fiber strands to create a printable composite material capable of …

Influence Of Glycopolymer Structure On Amphiphilic, Hybrid, Linear Branched Block Copolymer Properties For Use In Biomedical Applications, Kevin Green

Dissertations

The focus of this dissertation is evaluating and adding fundamental knowledge regarding the structure-property relations of glycopolymers used in the design of hybrid block copolymers (HBC) that are cable of self-assembling into delivery vehicles for biomedical applications. A shift to the utilization of natural materials in the design and fabrication of drug-delivery vehicles has garnered significant attention. Understanding the effects of linear glycopolymers content and composition on the resulting HBCs properties can provide valuable insight into how these materials may be tailored for use in targeted biological applications.

The first chapter introduces current literature on the need for improvement in …

Effects Of Surface Treatment On Adhesive Performance Of Composite-To-Composite And Composite-To-Metal Joints, Nikhil Paranjpe, Md. Nizam Uddin, Akm S. Rahman, Ramazan Asmatulu

Publications and Research

This study deals with the long-running challenge of joining similar and dissimilar materials using composite-to-composite and composite-to-metal joints. This research was conducted to evaluate the effects of surface morphology andsurfacetreatments onthemechanicalperformanceofadhesively bonded joints used for the aircraft industry. A two-segment, commercially available, toughened epoxy was chosen as the adhesive. Unidirectional carbon fiber prepreg and aluminum 2021-T3 alloys were chosen for the composite and metal panels, respectively. Surface treatment of the metal included corrosion elimination followed by a passive surface coating of Alodine®. A combination of surface treatment methods was used for the composite and metal specimens, including detergent cleaning, plasma …

Understanding The Plastic Issue (Poster Presentation), Regan Bossie, Peter Nguyen, John Mcswiggin, Adam Meadows

Sustainability Conference

The Plastic-Free Campus Initiative is an Embry-Riddle initiative advocating for the reduction and elimination of single-use plastics on the Daytona Beach campus.

Our poster presentation aims to highlight current issues and concerns by presenting plastic production trends, quantifying how plastic pollution has affected global ecosystems, and discussing the material characteristics of plastics and their consequences. The poster will provide an overview of the current state of global recycling and will outline key concerns that microplastics, and plastics in general, pose to public health. By presenting the current facts and concerns related to plastic and recycling, we hope to encourage individuals …

Refining Chlorosulfonation Methods For The Synthesis Of A Perfluoroalkyl Arylsulfonimide (Pfsi) Monomer, Ainsley P. Foster, Benjamin Varney, Hua Mei

Science University Research Symposium (SURS)

Proton-exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells are sources of energy that are clean, quiet, and highly responsive to changes in power needs, making them promising for use in automobiles and other portable power devices. The electrolyte of a PEM cell–the layer responsible for conductivity–is a polymer membrane, commonly consisting of perfluoroalkyl sulfonic acid (PFSA) polymers. Perfluoroalkyl arylsulfonimide (PFSI) polymers are expected to improve the efficiency of PEM fuel cells through optimal stability and proton conductivity. The trifluovinylether (TFVE) aryl perfluorosulfonamide monomer is a new PFSI monomer proposed to fulfill these benefits once polymerized. A six-step synthesis route was initially designed to …

Development Of Multifunctional Wood Composites With Integrated Phase Change Materials For Enhanced Thermal Management, Self-Healing, And Sustainability., Emmanuel Igbokwe

LSU Master's Theses

Abstract

This study focused on incorporating self-healing, flame retardancy, and energy harvesting capabilities into the wood composite to contribute to more sustainable and energy-efficient building practices. Oriented strand board has been widely used as sheath for roofing or dry walls in residential buildings. Residential buildings account for a large portion of energy consumption. Therefore, an oriented strand board with energy harvesting capability is highly desired. Additionally, flame retardancy and damage self-healing and end-of-life recycling are also critical features for buildings.

In this study, we prepared a novel oriented strand board by constructing sandwich structures. The face sheets of the sandwich …

Overlooked Ionic Contribution Of A Chiral Dopant In Cholesteric Liquid Crystals, Hassanein Shaban, Po-Chang Wu, Yi-Fei Jia, Wei Lee

Basic Science Engineering

This study focuses on the ionic contribution by a chiral dopant added into a nematic host for preparing cholesteric liquid crystals (CLCs). Chiral structures were designated by individually incorporating two enantiomers, R5011 and S5011, into the nematic E44 to construct right- and left-handed CLCs, respectively. Characterized by the space-charge polarization, the dielectric spectra of the CLCs were investigated in the low-frequency regime, where f ≤ 1 kHz. The role of the individual chiral dopant, R5011 or S5011, at concentrations of 0–4.0 wt.% in altering the ionic properties of the CLC material was analyzed by deducing the electrical conductivity, ion density, …

Characterization Of Wood Plastic Composites Made Of Rice Straw And Recycled Low-Density Polyethylene, Waleed Mohamed Hassona Dr., Ahmed Elkassas, Nader Zaafarani

Journal of Engineering Research

In this work, the physical and mechanical properties of a fabricated wood-plastic composite (WPC) in accordance with the internationally recognized standard are investigated. The wood-plastic composite is made from recycled low-density polyethylene and mechanically processed rice straw fibers by using a specially designed extrusion machine. From the physical test, it was found that the newly developed WPC has low water absorption and thickness swelling compared to the standard limits. The mechanical tests revealed an improvement of the modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity by the increase of fiber content to 65%. The highest recorded values of the modulus of …

Solubility Characterization Of Organic Molecules For Aqueous Organic Redox Flow Batteries, Anthony W. Ferrell, Harkeerith K. Vij, Seamus D. Jones

College of Engineering Summer Undergraduate Research Program

The major obstacle to renewable energy sources is a lack of long-term energy storage capabilities. Energy produced during the day dissipates, leaving insufficient electricity for at night. The goal of the project is to design an Aqueous Organic Redox Flow Battery (AORFB) to act as long-term energy storage. Work has been done using machine learning to identify suitable compounds for the batteries. In this work there was no indication as to the aqueous solubility of the molecules; this controls the device’s energy storage capabilities. We used a machine learning model to determine the aqueous solubility of slightly more than 3000 …

Study Of Regularities Of Formation Of Hydroxyammonium Oligomers From Alkanolamine Of The Type Of Hexahydrosimtriazine And Epichlorohydrin, Nozima M. Ibragimova, Ravshan I. Adilov

CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

The aim of the work is to study the patterns of formation of hydroxylammonium oligomers based on hexahydrosymtriazine with epichlorohydrin. The paper studies the interaction patterns of the alkanolamine hexahydrosimtriazine type - N, N', N'-tris (β-oxyethyl) hexahydro-S-triazine (THOHST)with epichlorohydrin (ECH). The reaction between TOEGT and ECH occurs at a noticeable rate, already at 0 ^oC. An increase in the reaction duration leads to a symbate increase in the molecular weight values, the concentration of hydrolyzed chlorine, a decrease in the content of epoxy groups, and the concentration of hydroxyl groups do not change within the experimental error. An increase …

O-Xloratsetiltimol Sintezi Va Uni Kimyoviy Modifikatsiyalash, Azimjon U. Choriev, Anvar K. Abdushukurov, Ilyos U. Normurodov, Sarvinoz K. Mirzayeva

CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

The aim of the study is to develop a convenient method for the synthesis of O-chloroacetylthymol and to propose the mechanism of the O-chloroacetylation reaction. Thin-layer chromatography of chloroacetylation and nucleophilic substitution reaction products was studied and their composition was confirmed by reference substances. Nucleophilic exchange reactions of O-chloroacetylthymol with sodium oxalate, sodium tartrate, potassium rhodanides were studied. Favorable conditions for carrying out the nucleophilic exchange reaction were searched and 3 new substances unknown in the literature were synthesized. The structure of the synthesized substances was proved by IR and NMR spectra.

Polyvinyl Alcohol–Red Cabbage Nanofibers As Ph-Responsive Freshness Sensors For Advanced Food Packaging Technology, Foliatini Foliatini, Singgih Wibowo, Henny Rochaeni, Suhartini Suhartini, Fachrurrazie Fachrurrazie, Arzzaq Imanda Prianditya, Pradnadia Putri Hadriansyah, Naura Athira Putri Siregar, Novi Nurpadilah, Putri Alfiani, Maudi Rahim, Endah Sriwahyuni

Makara Journal of Science

The development of innovative food packaging technologies, particularly those capable of monitoring freshness, has become increasingly important in the food industry. This research explores the development of a pH-responsive freshness sensor using polyvinyl alcohol–red cabbage (PVA/RC) nanofibers. The nanofibers are fabricated through the electrospinning technique and meticulously analyzed via scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results underscore the fine structure of the nanofiber matrix, with an average diameter of ~68 nm. FTIR analysis substantiates the presence of anthocyanin compounds from RC within the PVA/RC nanofibers, which confirms the integration of beneficial components into …

Experimental Examination Of Enhanced Nanoceramic-Based Self-Cleaning Sprays For High-Efficiency Hydrophobic Photovoltaic Panels, Iman El-Mahallawi, Merna Abdrabo, Ahmed Elkaseer Prof., Engy Elshazly, Mohamed S. El-Deab

Renewable Mechanical Energy

Dust deposition poses a significant challenge in the implementation of photovoltaic panels (PV) especially in hot and dusty environments, such as the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. This issue leads to progressive degradation of PV efficiency and output power. In this context, this research work aims to improve PV performance by developing self-cleaning sprays as a preventative solution. Different concentrations of SnO2 and TiO2 nanoceramics were dispersed in isopropyl alcohol solvent to reduce the mixture’s viscosity and facilitate smooth spraying on solar panels, whose efficiency was continually assessed in outdoor conditions. Although less commonly used for this application, …

Investigation Of Temperature, Solution Strength, And Applied Stress Effects On Cation Exchange Processes In Different Geosynthetic Clay Liner Products, Kendra Fuller

Master's Theses

An extensive laboratory test program was conducted to analyze and compare the cation exchange processes in three different varieties of sodium bentonite (Na-B) geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs) over increased conditioning durations up to 32 days and investigate the effects of temperature, solution strength, and applied stress. The goal of this test program was to establish whether the variables of temperature, solution strength, and applied stress improved or degraded the engineering properties of GCLs in laboratory testing and municipal solid waste (MSW) landfill applications. The GCLs were conditioned in liquids of increasing ionic strength, using deionized water and 2, 50, and …

Thermomechanical Analysis Of Biomass Plastic Composite (Bpc), Solomon Chijioke Madu, Victor Sunday Aigbodion, Ikechukwu Ike-Eze

Makara Journal of Technology

High-performance electrical insulation material can be manufactured using biomass plastic composite (BPC), which is a new type of composite material that is either made up of one or a combination of natural plant fibers/particulates, such as bamboo, cellulose fiber, rice husks, or hemp, and thermoplastic granules. In this study, the BPC composite material that was developed comprised polyethylene (PE), rice husk, and oyster shell. The results of the study showed a significant optimal improvement in the morphological, thermodynamic, and mechanical properties during the addition of 20% to 30% biomass particulates (i.e., rice husk and oyster shell). The thermogravimetric analysis, storage …

Investigation Of Distributed Additive Manufacturing For 3d Printed Headband Component During Global Supply Chain Disruptions, Elizabeth M. Mamros, Saketh Kantipudi, Matthew C. Eaton, Jinjin Ha, Brad L. Kinsey

Faculty Conference Papers and Presentations

During the COVID-19 global pandemic, a shortage of personal protective equipment (PPE) occurred. Manufacturers of these critical products were unable to keep up with the growing demands as the situation evolved. Most face shields, a common type of PPE, include a headband component to provide the appropriate fit for the user and curvature for the clear face shield attachment. To mitigate this shortage in the local region, the Portsmouth Naval Shipyard (PNSY) generated a computeraided design (CAD) file for the headband component and asked the University of New Hampshire (UNH) to manufacture it with all available 3D printers, including printers …

Development And Structural Origin Of Stretchable Semiconducting Polymers And Composites, Yunfei Wang

Dissertations

Stretchable semiconductors are pivotal in advancing wearable and implantable electronics, with those boasting both high stretchability and self-healing capabilities being especially significant for a myriad of wearable applications. In this dissertation, we developed an extremely soft, highly stretchable, and self-healing elastomer based on H-bonding crosslinked amide-functionalized polyisobutylene (PIB-amide). When blended with a high-performance conjugated diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP-T) polymer, the composite exhibits unprecedented stretchability, exceptionally low elastic modulus, and an innate ability to self-heal at room temperature.

The morphology of conjugated polymer/elastomer semiconducting composites have significant impacts on electrical and mechanical properties Further investigations focused on manipulating the phase separation size in …

Fabrication And Characterization Of Lignin–Pva Hydrogels With Tunable Network Structures, Keturah Bethel

All Dissertations

The ability to directly tune the crosslinked network structure of hydrogels is crucial for their functional applications in various fields, such as water filtration, protein separation, and tissue engineering. By controlling the crosslink density of the hydrogel, one can directly alter the mesh size – i.e., the end-to-end distance between crosslink junctions – and, subsequently, directly alter the hydrogel performance. This work discusses the fabrication and characterization of soft composites containing the biopolymer, lignin, are discussed. Precisely, physically-crosslinked composite lignin–Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) hydrogels were fabricated via the freeze-thaw (F/T) pathway, whereby solutions containing specified amounts of PVA and lignin were …

Performance And Enhanced Efficiency Induced By Cold Plasma On Sapo-34 Membranes For Co2 And Ch4 Mixtures, Fnu Gorky, Vashanti Storr, Grace Jones, Apolo Nambo, Jacek B. Jasinski, Maria L. Carreon

Chemical Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

In this study, we investigate the influence of cold-plasma-induced enhanced performance and efficiency of SAPO-34 membranes in the separation of CO₂ and CH₄ mixtures. Placing the herein presented research in a broader context, we aim to address the question of whether cold plasma can significantly impact the membrane performance. We subjected SAPO-34 membranes to plasma mild disturbances and analyzed their performance in separating CO₂ and CH₄. Our findings reveal a notable enhancement in membrane efficiency and sustained performance when exposed to cold plasma. The pulsed plasma separation displayed improved structural integrity, and the experimental results …

Development And Processing Of Shape Memory Polymer Composites (Smpcs) For Application In Structural Robotics And Robotic Sensors., Kavish Sudan

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Shape Memory Polymers (SMPs) have attracted significant attention since their introduction in the 1980s due to their remarkable ability to regain their original shape from a temporarily deformed state when exposed to an external stimulus, typically heat. This shape memory effect, driven by thermal transitions such as the glass transition temperature (T_g) or melting temperature (T_m), has made SMPs highly attractive for applications in soft robotics, aerospace, and biomedical devices. However, SMPs face challenges such as limited mechanical strength, thermal stability, and electrical conductivity, which hinder their broader adoption in advanced applications. To address these challenges, …

Synergistic Strategies In Hybrid Mxed Matrix 3d Printing Of Thermoplastics & Thermosets: Design, Manufacturing, And Materials Development., Saleh Akram Khanjar

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Composite manufacturing and mixed matrix structures have been produced using traditional manufacturing processes for various industrial applications due to their high mechanical properties to material weight and cost ratio. However implementation of composite and mixed matrix manufacturing with advanced manufacturing such as additive manufacturing is limited due to the hardware limitations of current 3d printing technologies and materials available for 3D printing applications. This work has developed and investigated a new hybrid 3D printing manufacturing process utilizing a variety of material systems (thermoplastic – thermoset, thermoplastic – thermoplastic, thermoset – thermoset, thermoplastic – thermoplastic – thermoset). This study developed thermoplastic …

Physics-Informed Machine Learning Methods For Inverse Design Of Multi-Phase Materials With Targeted Mechanical Properties, Yunpeng Wu

All Dissertations

Advances in machine learning algorithms and applications have significantly enhanced engineering inverse design capabilities. This work focuses on the machine learning-based inverse design of material microstructures with targeted linear and nonlinear mechanical properties. It involves developing and applying predictive and generative physics-informed neural networks for both 2D and 3D multiphase materials.

The first investigation aims to develop a machine learning method for the inverse design of 2D multiphase materials, particularly porous materials. We first develop machine learning methods to understand the implicit relationship between a material's microstructure and its mechanical behavior. Specifically, we use ResNet-based models to predict the elastic …

Exploring The Synthesis Of Biobased And Chemically Recyclable Polysulfone Using Imine Chemistry, Vitasta Jain

All Dissertations

Plastic waste poses a major problem because of the chemical stability of these materials, leading to their accumulation in the environment and the leaching of toxic chemicals during their slow decomposition. Additionally, the use of depleting petroleum reserves for synthesis has made for an unsustainable production and risks due to use of chemicals hazardous to the environment and the individuals exposed to it.

To address these concerns, researchers have explored biobased feedstock and incorporating chemical recycling capabilities for a closed loop, sustainable process. One promising feedstock is lignin with its abundant functional groups that can be modified and utilized to …

Chemical Recycling Of Bio-Based Polyurethane Foams: Evaluating Bio-Based Glycols In Comparison To Petroleum-Based Glycols, Anirudh Thorbole Mr.

Electronic Theses & Dissertations

The paradigm shift towards bio-based polyurethane foams (bio-PUF) has significantly increased post-consumer waste. To address this issue, this research represents a novel approach to enhance sustainable development in the recycling industry by replacing traditional petroleum-based glycols with sustainable bio-based alternatives. This study explores the glycolysis of bio-PUF using bio-based SG-522 glycol and polyethylene glycol (PEG) for comparison. The findings from this research as outlined, reveal no significant differences in depolymerization time between the two glycols, achieving proper depolymerization and high recovery yields of over 95% after solvent purification. Comprehensive FT-IR and NMR analyses confirmed the successful degradation of bio-PUF and …

Synthesis, Crystal Structure, Hirshfeld Surface And Void Analysis Of 2-Amino-1h-Benzimidazolium 2-Hydroxybenzoate, Salmon M. Mukhammadiev, Daminbek A. Ziyatov, Zuhra Ch. Kadirova, Jamshid M. Ashurov, Shahlo Sh. Daminova

CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

The purpose of this work is determination of crystal structure and Hirschfeld surface void analysis for many intermolecular interactions in the crystal structure of 1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazole-2-iminium-2-hydroxy-5-sulfobenzoate.. For the first time, a new organic salt containing organic benzimidazolium cations and sulfosalicylic anions was synthesized and structurally characterized. Hirshfeld surface analysis confirm that in the crystal shape most remarkable contacts are H∙∙∙O (38%) and H∙∙∙H (29.7%) There are some π–π stacking interactions in the crystal shape.

Synthesis Of Cationite Based On Indene, A Secondary Product Of Hydrocarbons Pyrolysis, Saidmansur Sh. Saidobbozov, Suvonkul E. Nurmanov, Dilorom H. Mirkhamitova

CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

The purpose of the study is extraction of the indene from pyrolysis oil obtained from the pyrolysis of hydrocarbons at the Ustyurt gas processing plant. Indene is isolated by rectification from the composition of pyrolysis oil formed as a by-product of the process of hydrocarbons pyrolysis at the Ustyurt gas processing plant. Polymethyleneindenesulfocationite was synthesized on the basis of isolated indene, and its structure and physicochemical properties were determined. Chromatomass spectrum of pyrolysis oil was obtained and analyzed. The indene fraction and the synthesized polymethyleneindenesulfocationite were analyzed using IR spectroscopy and SEM (scanning electron microscopy). Thermal analysis of cationite was …

Preparation Of Keratin-Containing Protein Compounds From Chickens Feathers Using Hydrochloric Acid, Dilnozakhon I. Tursunova, Oytura S. Maksumova

CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

The purpose of this work is the preparation of keratin-containing protein compounds from poultry processing waste by hydrolysis with hydrochloric acid, including treatment of the protein with 5% H₂O₂. The process of cleaning feather raw materials using water, liquid soap, NaClO₃, C₂H₅OH, and H₂O_2, and the reaction of its hydrolysis with an aqueous solution of HCl have been studied. The influence of temperature and reaction duration on the hydrolysis process was studied, and its optimal mode was established. It has been shown that the process of …