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University of Malaya

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Full-Text Articles in Polymer and Organic Materials

Development Of Hybrid Self-Cleaning Coating Using Lanthanide-Based Light Spectral Response Material To Enhance Photovoltaic (Pv) Panel Efficiency In Operational Environment, Khishn Kumar Kandiah May 2026

Development Of Hybrid Self-Cleaning Coating Using Lanthanide-Based Light Spectral Response Material To Enhance Photovoltaic (Pv) Panel Efficiency In Operational Environment, Khishn Kumar Kandiah

Student Works (2020-2029)

The efficiency of photovoltaic (PV) panels is crucial, as solar energy has become an alternative energy source that meets today’s global energy demands. Hence, dust accumulation and spectral mismatch have major effects on the efficiency of PV panels, around 20 %, but in extreme situations, this can reach up to 64 %. Therefore, initiatives are underway to address these issues, including PV cooling systems, conventional cleaning methods, and various coatings to enhance efficiency. In this work, a novel coating is fabricated with high transparency, excellent self-cleaning properties, and good spectral-modifying properties. Two types of powder composites are employed in this …

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Radiation Modified Chitosan/Polyvinyl Alcohol Film With Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone Coating For Heavy Metal Ion Removal, Norhashidah Talip Nov 2020

Radiation Modified Chitosan/Polyvinyl Alcohol Film With Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone Coating For Heavy Metal Ion Removal, Norhashidah Talip

Student Works (2020-2029)

Chitosan (CS) / Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) films were obtained by solution casting method. To be used in the water treatment application, these film need to be improved in mechanical strength. In this study, 2% (w/v) chitosan and 5% (w/v) PVA were blend at different CS: PVA weight ratios (50:50, 70:30 and 90:10). These mixtures were then transformed into films by solution casting method. Mechanical properties of the films were evaluated using tensile strength test where, at 70:30 of CS: PVA ratio gave the best tensile strength. Therefore, this composition was selected to proceed with the radiation modification with Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone …

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Preparation And Characterisation Of Heat Treated Oil Palm-Empty Fruit Bunch/High Density Polyethylene Composites, Nordin Nur Afifah Sep 2020

Preparation And Characterisation Of Heat Treated Oil Palm-Empty Fruit Bunch/High Density Polyethylene Composites, Nordin Nur Afifah

Student Works (2020-2029)

Natural fibre composites (NFCs) are composite materials, in which the reinforcing fibres are derived from renewable and carbon dioxide neutral resources such as wood or plants. NFC can be made by replacing synthetic fibres with various types of natural fibres. Oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) fibre and oil palm mesocarp fibre are two important types of fibrous materials left in the palm-oil industry. In this study, EFB will be used as a reinforcement to the high-density polyethylene (HDPE). EFB was heat-treated at 180°C using vacuum oven for one hour, extrusion compounded with HDPE at 10%, 20% and 30% weight …

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Alumina Ceramic Membrane Incorporated With Graphene Oxide Frameworks For Protein Recovery, Ishak Noor Fauziyah Aug 2020

Alumina Ceramic Membrane Incorporated With Graphene Oxide Frameworks For Protein Recovery, Ishak Noor Fauziyah

Student Works (2020-2029)

Alumina ceramic membrane is undergoing rapid development and innovation for protein recovery process. However, the limitation of this membrane type is membrane fouling due to the deposition and adsorption of proteins on the surface and pore walls of the membranes. It is crucial to minimize membrane fouling by reducing interactions between protein and the membrane surface via surface modification technique. Thus, the main objective of this research is to develop an alumina membrane with enhanced antifouling property for protein recovery process. An alumina dope consisting of 57 wt.% alumina loading was used to fabricate two alumina membrane configurations; which are …

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Synthesis And Characterization Of Porous Carbon Composite Derived From Biomass Waste For Supercapacitor Application, Cheng Kim Sim Jun 2020

Synthesis And Characterization Of Porous Carbon Composite Derived From Biomass Waste For Supercapacitor Application, Cheng Kim Sim

Student Works (2020-2029)

Energy storage devices have gradually dominated human daily activities and indispensable to economy development such as supercapacitor and battery. There are few factors determining the performance of supercapacitor and active material is one of the crucial. Therefore, biomass such as pineapple peel (PP) and green waste (GW) were preferred and prior mixed with manganese and tin carbonate to synthesize carbon composite (PP/GW-ZMO and PP/GW-ZTO) via combustion. Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) was employed to study the textural properties with the highest specific surface area obtained in PP-C (1765.92 m2g-1) and GW-C (1613.92 m2g-1). The existence of composite materials was examined using x-ray diffraction …

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Poly(Vinyl Alcohol)/Α-Chitin/Nanocellulose Composites Developed From Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch (Opefb) For Removal Of Cationic Dyes, Chun Fah Mok Apr 2020

Poly(Vinyl Alcohol)/Α-Chitin/Nanocellulose Composites Developed From Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch (Opefb) For Removal Of Cationic Dyes, Chun Fah Mok

Student Works (2020-2029)

In search of an eco-friendly polymeric adsorbent for dye effluent treatment application, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/chitin/nanocellulose composites were synthesized. The composites were reinforced by oil palm empty fruit bunch fibers (OPEFB)-derived nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC). With addition of 1 wt.% NCC, a maximum improvement of 57.64% and 50.66% in tensile strength and Young’s Modulus were achieved, respectively. However, the PVA-based composites exhibited low resistance in aqueous medium. Hence, maleic acid (MA) was incorporated, in view of modifying PVA-based composites through cross-linking reactions. The effect of varying chitin content (10 wt.%-30 wt.%) and MA content (10%-50% based on total solid content of composite) …

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Dry And Wet Torrefaction Of Microalgal Biomass For Biochar Production As Bioenergy Sources, Yong Yang Gan Feb 2020

Dry And Wet Torrefaction Of Microalgal Biomass For Biochar Production As Bioenergy Sources, Yong Yang Gan

Student Works (2020-2029)

Increasing population in global and living standards have risen the consumption of global energy. Thermochemical conversion approaches hold great potential for the biomass conversion into energy applications. Among these approaches, torrefaction is a promising technique to enhance the biomass properties, making it more practical and suitable in biofuel applications. In this study, two different species of microalgae (third generation biofuel feedstock) including Chlorella vulgaris ESP-31 and FSP-E were used as feedstocks for dry and wet torrefaction. Dry torrefaction of microalgae was performed at temperatures of 200, 250 and 300 ºC, and holding times of 15, 30, 45 and 60 min, …

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Preparation Of Styrene Acrylic Copolymer Toner Resin By Solution Polymerization., Neo Su Siang Apr 2010

Preparation Of Styrene Acrylic Copolymer Toner Resin By Solution Polymerization., Neo Su Siang

Student Works (2010-2019)

This project has investigated solution polymerization to produce toner resins. There are three stages: (i) synthesis of low molecular weight styrene acrylic copolymer; (ii) synthesis of high molecular weight styrene acrylic copolymer; (iii) mixing high and low molecular weight copolymers. Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC) was used to study molecular weight distributions, Melt Flow Index (MFI) Instrument to study the flowability of resin, Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) to study the thermal properties of resin, and acid number to quantitate the amount of acidic group in the resin. A comparison of properties between the experimental samples, patent’s claims, and commercial resins had …

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Palm Oil-Based Polyester Binder For Making Fiberboards., Wong Yew Chuan Apr 2010

Palm Oil-Based Polyester Binder For Making Fiberboards., Wong Yew Chuan

Student Works (2010-2019)

Palm kernel oil was used as a raw material for the synthesis of polyester polyol.The palm oil based polyester polyol was synthesized using glycerol, phthalic anhydride and fumaric acid. Palm oil based polyester polyol combines with methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) to form the polyurethane binder. The fibers are derived from empty fruit bunch (EFB) of the palm tree and have the acceptable mechanical properties. In this project, palm fibers were converted into palm fiberboards by using polyurethane (PU) binder under specified pressure and temperature. The binder to fiber ratio was varied from 10% to 30 % by dried weight of …

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Characteristics Of Proton Conducting Pva-Chitosan Polymer Blend Electrolytes., Mohd Fakhrul Zamani Abdul Kadir Jan 2010

Characteristics Of Proton Conducting Pva-Chitosan Polymer Blend Electrolytes., Mohd Fakhrul Zamani Abdul Kadir

Student Works (2010-2019)

The main focus of this present work is to build a good conducting solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) based on chitosan and poly(vinyl alcohol)(PVA) blend. Solution cast technique has been employed to produce sample films in this work. From the scanning electron micrographs (SEM) the surface morphology of the blend containing 40 wt.% chitosan and 60 wt.% PVA (C4P6) is homogenous and miscible in one and another. The C4P6 film is the most amorphous and is the best candidate for the polymer host in the electrolyte systems studied in the present work. Ammonium Nitrate (NH4NO3) is the doping salt that provides …

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Thermo-Electrical And Mechanical Studies On Polymer-Organically Modified Montmorillonite Composite., Norhana Abdul Halim Jan 2010

Thermo-Electrical And Mechanical Studies On Polymer-Organically Modified Montmorillonite Composite., Norhana Abdul Halim

Student Works (2010-2019)

The field of polymer-nanoclay composite has attracted a lot of attention in materials studies due to the dramatic improvement on polymers characteristics. For example mechanical and thermal properties, chemical resistance as well as the reduced gas permeability. However, structural changes and the mechanisms that may contribute to these improvements are not fully understood. In this work, the study on polymer nanoclay composite concentrates on the effects of OMON inclusion within different polymer matrix systems. The matrixes are a series of natural rubbers (Standard Malaysia Rubber – Latex grade (SMRL); Deproteinized Natural Rubber (DPNR) and Epoxidized Natural Rubber (ENR-50)), plasticized Polyvinyl …

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Electrical And Structural Studies Of Polyacrylonitrile (Pan) Complexed With Inorganic Salts., Khairul Bahiyah Md Isa Jan 2010

Electrical And Structural Studies Of Polyacrylonitrile (Pan) Complexed With Inorganic Salts., Khairul Bahiyah Md Isa

Student Works (2010-2019)

In the present study, polymer electrolyte films composed of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) as a host polymer, ethylene carbonate (EC) as the plasticizer and lithium triflate (LiCF3SO3) and sodium triflate (NaCF3SO3) as dopant salts were prepared by the solution cast technique. Five systems of polymer electrolytes films have been prepared; these systems are the plasticized-PAN system i.e. PAN-EC system, two salted-PAN systems i.e. PAN-LiCF3SO3 and PAN-NaCF3SO3, and two plasticized-salted PAN systems i.e. PAN-EC-LiCF3SO3 and PAN-EC-NaCF3SO3. The pure PAN film was prepared as a reference. The ionic conductivity for each system is characterized using impedance spectroscopy. The room temperature conductivity of the pure …

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Analysis Of Plastics In The Tyre Industry Using Fourier Transform Infrared Techniques, Differential Scanning Calorimetry And Softening Point Apparatus, Ching Ching Loh Jan 2002

Analysis Of Plastics In The Tyre Industry Using Fourier Transform Infrared Techniques, Differential Scanning Calorimetry And Softening Point Apparatus, Ching Ching Loh

Student Works (2000-2009)

The plastics in a tyre factory were investigated. The plastics were analysed by FTlR-transmission, FTI.R-ATR, softening point apparatus as well as a Differential Scanning Calorimeter. All the plastics were detected to be polyethene based with melting point range of 107 to 125°C. It was also observed that The FTIR transmission spectrum can be different from the FTIR-ATR spectrum. The FTIR-ATR spectrum gives a higher band intensity at longer wavelengths compared to the FTIR-Transmission spectrum. Interference fringes can be present in the FTlR transmission spectrum. In addition to the above, it was also found that the melting point of plastics obtained …

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The Effects Of Incorporation Of Polyethylene Glycol On Properties Of Silica-Carbon Black-Filled Rubber Compound, Yoke Cheng Tang Jan 2001

The Effects Of Incorporation Of Polyethylene Glycol On Properties Of Silica-Carbon Black-Filled Rubber Compound, Yoke Cheng Tang

Student Works (2000-2009)

The use of polyethylene glycol (PEG) to modify the surface of precipitated silica by means of physical adsorption was investigated. The effects of adding PEG on processing, cure and physical properties of a silica-carbon black-filled natural rubber truck tread compound were examined. For each series of investigation, two sets of experiments were conducted. Set I was to check the effects of both physical adsorption due to PEG and chemical modification due to a silane coupling agent, Si-69 on the surface of silica. Set 2 was to check the effects of physical adsorption due to PEG alone on the surface of …

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