Other Materials Science and Engineering Commons^™

Synthesis And Characterization Of Carbon Quantum Dots And Gold Nanoparticles For Norovirus Biosensing Applications In Water Systems, Breanne Evans

Master's Theses

Rapid, reliable detection of viral pathogens remains a significant challenge across water-treatment and environmental monitoring systems, including drinking-water, wastewater, water reuse, and environmental surveillance applications. Waterborne viral contamination can pose substantial public-health risks, making early detection essential for protecting water quality and responding quickly to treatment failures or contamination events. Direct potable reuse (DPR) is one particularly demanding example because it requires continuous verification of treatment performance and the broader need for rapid virus monitoring extends across many water-treatment and environmental surveillance applications. Norovirus is a priority target because of its widespread occurrence in wastewater, environmental persistence, and exceptionally low …

The Role Of Zinc Precursor Concentration In Modulating The Structural, Optical, And Electrical Properties Of Sol-Gel Derived Czts Thin Films, Justine John Tibaijuka

Tanzania Journal of Science

This study reports on CZTS thin films fabricated by sol–gel spin coating using zinc acetate dihydrate, copper acetate dihydrate, tin chloride, and thiourea dissolved in methanol with monoethylamine as a stabilizer. The films were annealed rapidly at 540 °C by using an RTP furnace. Results show the significant influence of zinc concentration on films’ properties with band gap evolution between 1.46 and 1.7 eV, along with high absorption coefficients exceeding 10⁴ cm⁻¹ in the visible range. Structurally, the films evolved from poorly crystalline at low Zn content to well- crystallized, (112)-oriented kesterite near stoichiometry. However, excessive Zn caused slight degradation …

Lafe0.925ti0.075o3 Perovskite Coated With Ethyl Cellulose: A High-Stability, Low-Hysteresis Platform For Advanced Humidity Sensing, Akhmad Futukhillah Fataba Alaih, Djoko Triyono, Rifqi Almusawi Rafsanjani

Makara Journal of Science

Humidity sensors are pivotal in numerous sectors, such as environmental monitoring, industrial automation, and health-care. This study presents the fabrication and detailed evaluation of an advanced humidity sensor using ethyl cellulose (EC)-coated LaFe_0.925Ti_0.075O₃ (LFTO) perovskite nanoparticles synthesized via the sol-gel method. The LFTO nanopar-ticles exhibited a mesoporous structure with an enhanced surface area, which significantly improved their moisture adsorption capabilities. The innovative application of EC coating addresses critical substrate adhesion issues, enhancing mechanical stability without compromising sensor sensitivity. Comprehensive performance evaluations revealed minimal hysteresis (

Synthesis, Characterisation, And Electrochemical Performance Of Efb-Derived Biochar-Metal Oxide Composite Electrodes For Hybrid Supercapacitors, Yogini Gunasekaran

Student Works (2020-2029)

Supercapacitors are essential for energy storage due to their high-power density and longevity, particularly in increasing demand for sustainable energy. However, their low energy density and specific capacitance hinder widespread use. Advancements in next-generation electrode materials that are high-performing, cost-effective, and scalable are necessary to address these issues. Herein, this work reports the development of novel electrode materials and explores the fundamental relationship between their structural properties and electrochemical performance in supercapacitors. In this study, biochar was derived from oil palm Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) via a gasification process. Different samples of metal oxide/biochar composites were subsequently synthesized using a …

Synthesis And Performance Evaluation Of Zeolite-Based Ni–Cao For Integrated Co2 Capture And Conversion, Zhang Xinggang

Student Works (2020-2029)

Carbon capture and utilization (CCU) is increasingly being adopted as a strategy to minimize carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions. Integrated CO₂ capture and utilization (ICCU) is more attractive as it reduces overall cost and energy consumption by eliminating the need for gas compression and transportation. Advances in ICCU and the development of dual functional materials (DFMs) capable of adsorbing and in situ converting CO₂ have attracted increasing attention in both academia and industry, driven by the need for efficient CO₂ utilization pathways. After a detailed analysis of the literature, zeolites have emerged as prominent materials for use as adsorbents and catalyst …

Investigating The Effects Of Pressure On Fe And Co Intercalated 2h-Tas2 Through First-Principle Calculations, Ronald E. Putnam Jr.

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Using first-principles methods, we investigate the effects of applied isotropic pressure on the electronic and magnetic properties of intercalated Fe1/3TaS2 and Co1/3TaS2. Fe1/3TaS2 has been shown to be a ferromagnet that undergoes structural and magnetic phase transitions under applied pressure. The magnetic phase transitions are observed to be linked to the structural shift, and a mixture of magnetic phase states is present between 3 GPa and 6 GPa. Co1/3TaS2 was found to be antiferromagnetic, as confirmed by experimental work. One- and two-unit-cell systems of Co1/3TaS2 are analyzed, both showing band splitting that disappears under pressure. The application of pressure forces …

An Overview Of Biomass-Derived Graphene Oxide And Its Characteristics For Future Sustainable Applications, Afif Wardana, Ahmad Nabil Shahab, Donanta Dhaneswara, Nofrijon Sofyan

Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings

The production of graphene oxide (GO) from biomass presents considerable promise as a sustainable alternative substitute for traditional semiconductors. Biomass waste, abundant and often underutilized worldwide, is distinguished by its high carbon content and regenerative characteristics, rendering it an optimal resource for sustainable material production. By heating its biopolymers, lignocellulosic biomass can be used as a new material to make graphene, which forms three-dimensional turbostratic crystallites. These crystallites, composed of partially defective aromatic carbon sheets with graphite-like characteristics, make it easier to create GO with specialized functions for cutting-edge applications. Its capability underscores the revolutionary potential of biomass waste in …

Correlation Between Microstructure And Hardfacing Properties With Welding Current Intensity In Reconditioned Low-Alloy Steel Material Using Submerged Arc Welding (Saw) : A Comprehensive Review, Iman Nugraha Asmara, Winarto Winarto

Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings

This review studying the correlation between microstructural transformations and mechanical properties in reconditioned low-allow steel material, focusing on the impact of Submerged Arc Welding (SAW) parameters, especially current, on microstructure . The study highlights how variation on welding parameters, especially current intensity variation, affecting microstructural transformations, hardness, and wear resistance of hardfaced layers. Key aspects such as dilution effect, phases distribution, and carbide formation are reviewed to understanding their impact on mechanical properties. By reviewing insights from existing literature and experimental findings, this review underscores the role of Submerged Arc Welding in enhancing mechanical properties and microstructural of low-alloy steel …

A Study Of Wear Measurement And Life Prediction Of Insert Chute Liner On Gold Ore Processing, Ferry Ardika Natanael, Nony Maulidya, Dedi Priadi

Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings

Chutes are critical materials handling assets to transport solid particles from one process step to another in mineral processing, coal mining and cement industries. The material transport, because of material characteristics, cause severe wear on internal lining of chutes or bins’ structure. The wear problem on internal lining of bins or chutes needs to be checked to keep production efficiency. Therefore, not checked wear rate causes liner replacement schedule becomes unpredictable. It leads to production loss and highly cost maintenance in industry. This study shows that condition-based maintenance through regular thickness measurement using Ultrasonic Transducer (UT) to predict life service …

Analysis Of Leak Testing Planning For Carbon Dioxide Piping Systems In The Development Of Carbon Capture, Utilization, And Storage Facilities In The Bintuni Basin, Devi Sentiani, Akhmad Herman Yuwono Professor

Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings

Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) technologies have become a key strategic response to global efforts to reduce CO₂ emissions. This study presents a leak testing strategy designed for a carbon dioxide (CO₂) piping system as part of a Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) project in the Bintuni Basin, West Papua, Indonesia. This study aims to ensure the system is properly prepared before commissioning by designing a leak test plan that is both practical and technical, based on ASME B31.3, ASME PCC-2, and API STD 520 Part 1. We conducted the process, which involves identifying the system boundaries, …

Shrinkage Study In Photopolymerisable Hybrid Sol-Gel Through Holographic Patterning, Jamshed Aftab, Izabela Naydenova, Tatsiana Mikulchyk

Articles

Photopolymerisation induced shrinkage of holographic materials is one of the main factors which needs to be considered for designing holographic optical elements (HOEs) with high accuracy in light redirection with maximum efficiency. This work studies the shrinkage in photopolymerisable hybrid sol-gel (PHSG) by examining the properties of volume transmission gratings recorded in PHSG layers. It explores both the dependence of shrinkage on the holographic grating parameters (thickness, spatial frequency, slant angle) and the effect of material aging. By using the fringe-plane rotation model, shrinkage is found to have the maximum value of 1.37 % at 765 lines/mm (19.36° slant angle) …

Low-Field Magnetoresistance In Nanocomposites Of La₀.₇Sr₀.₃Mno₃ And Metal Oxides, Nicholas K. Thiel-Hudson

University Scholar Projects

Pure La_0.7Sr_0.3MnO₃ (LSMO) exhibits colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) with large applied magnetic field over a narrow temperature range (intrinsic behavior), limiting its application to narrow temperature ranges. In contrast, the extrinsic CMR effect originates from inhomogeneities at larger length scales, such as grain boundaries and phase separation, where the structural features act as tunneling barriers, leading to a low-field magnetoresistance (LFMR) response, thereby expanding the application of LSMO into the low-field regime over a broader temperature range. In this work, the magnetotransport behavior of pure LSMO thin film is compared to the composite layered heterostructures of …

Binary Solid/Liquid Equilibrium Of Mixtures Of Thermally Robust Salts And Molecular Compounds For Use As Heat Transfer Fluids, Jared Ridge Mathews

Honors Theses

Fossil fuels, contributors to climate change that may bear catastrophic consequences, power the entire world. The human species is almost entirely dependent on fossil fuels for energy, but other sources of renewable and environmentally friendly energy must be developed. Concentrated solar power (CSP) is a promising source of renewable energy with hampered potential—better heat transfer fluids (HTFs) are needed for it to be economically feasible. Currently, the HTFs in industrial use are predominantly either synthetic oils or nitrate-based molten salts. Synthetic oils are only stable up to 400 °C, and molten salts often have high melting temperatures, making them prone …

Effect Of Niobium Dopant On Zno Thin Films Prepared Via The Sol–Gel Spin Coating Method, Kevin Alvin Eswar, Nur Fairuz Rostan, Maryam Mohamad, Rabiatuladawiyah Md Akhir, Rosfayanti Rasmidi, Muliyadi Guliling, Najwa Ezira Azhar, Irmaizatussyehdany Buniyamin, Mohd Firdaus Malek, Mohamad Rusop Mahmood, Husairi Fadzilah Suhaimi, Saifollah Abdullah

Makara Journal of Science

Thin films of zinc oxide (ZnO) and niobium (Nb)-doped ZnO were deposited on a glass substrate using the sol–gel spin coating method. Diethanolamine, isopropyl alcohol, and zinc acetate served as the stabilizers, solvent, and starting ma-terial, respectively. Niobium pentachloride was employed as the dopant source. Energy-dispersive X-ray analysis con-firmed Nb incorporation. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and ultravio-let–visible spectroscopy (UV–Vis) analyses characterized the morphology, structure, and optics of the films, respective-ly. Both films, comprising nanoparticles, were visible in FESEM. Nb doping reduced the particle size from 44.2 nm to 35.8 nm. The XRD peaks at 31.23°, …

Biobased Acrylate Composites With Enhanced Strength For Additive Manufacturing, Nicole Wagner, Joseph Mcwherter

Engineering Faculty Articles and Research

With the expanding use of polymers in additive manufacturing, sustainable resins for use in vat photopolymerization are required to reduce their environmental impact. One promising approach to achieve this is to incorporate biobased fillers that replace the acrylates in photopolymer resins as ‘green’ alternatives. In this study, photopolymer composites consisting of a methacrylate resin with varying calcium carbonate powder content between 0 and 50 wt.% were investigated. A digital light processing technique was used to fabricate tensile test specimens for mechanical testing. Good printability, dimensional accuracy, and good interlayer adhesion were observed for composite resin formulations that incorporated calcium carbonate …

Novel Approach For The Micro Cracks Detection Of Solar Wafers And Cells, Mohd Israil, Arvind Kumar Sharma, Ekta Gupta

Al-Bahir

This paper deals with the review of various existing technique for the microcracks detection in silicon solar cell and wafer. In addition to this, we proposed a novel approach for the machine learning technique for the inspection of the cracks those are existed in the solar cell and wafer and not able to detect by the naked eyes. There are many techniques have been developed by the various researchers around the world to inspect solar cells for defect. All the techniques discussed in this article having some features and some weakness too. This paper present here gives the two-fold solution …

Effects Of Chain Length, Saturation, And Bases On Saponification, Sarah Fenik

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

This project will analyze the effects of chain length and saturation of fatty acids on saponification processes, as well as the effects of the base used in the reaction. Stearic acid, lauric acid, and oleic acid will be used for the fatty acid comparisons, and sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide will be used for the base comparisons. Stearic acid is considered a long chain fatty acid, while lauric acid is considered a short chain fatty acid. Oleic acid is a monounsaturated fatty acid. Five soap products are be made: sodium stearate, sodium laurate, sodium oleate, potassium stearate, and potassium oleate. …

Characterization And Optimization Of Sand And Tung Oil-Based Resins For Binder-Jet 3d Printing, Daniel I. Ajiola

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

Binder-jet 3D printing as a transformative technology in additive manufacturing, offers the ability to fabricate complex structures with diverse materials. This thesis investigates the use of a sustainable tung oil-based resin to create composites, exploring the potential for an eco-friendly alternative to synthetic binders.

The aim of this research is to develop and characterize a bio-based resin formulation, using tung oil as the primary binder, for application in binder-jet 3D printing with sand as the reinforcement. The resin formulation was prepared by combining tung oil, n-butyl methacrylate, divinylbenzene, and di-tert-butyl peroxide in precise proportions, ensuring a balanced mixture that supports …

Development, Synthesis And Characterization Of Advanced Low- Cobalt And High-Nickel Cathode Materials For Lithium-Ion Batteries, Arjun Patel

Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation focuses on the improvement of structural and electrochemical stability of active materials for lithium-ion batteries. It explores the modification strategies to mitigate the issues related to Ni-rich cathode materials, along with the continuous production of cathode precursors using a slug flow reactor to improve the quality of the product.

The First part of the dissertation examines the effect of substitution of cobalt with aluminum and iron on the electrochemical stability of Ni-rich lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide (NCM) materials. This study investigates how Al and Fe doping work and how they impact the performance and stability of these …

Frustrated Quantum Magnetism: The Interplay Of Isotropic And Anisotropic Interactions With Application To Α-Rucl3, Evan M. Wilson

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

We investigate how anisotropic spin interactions, including Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya and Kitaev terms, manifest across quantum spin systems ranging from a single S = 1/2 dimer to molecular spin clusters and layered magnetic materials. Beginning with an exact analysis of the spin dimer, we demonstrate how singlet–triplet mixing induced by Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction directly influences both thermodynamic observables and inelastic neutron scattering spectra. These microscopic fingerprints are then extended to trimer, tetramer, and tetrahedron geometries, where field-induced phase transitions and heat capacity anomalies reveal the interplay between isotropic Heisenberg and anisotropic Kitaev exchanges. In the frustrated zigzag honeycomb lattice, we show that a …

Solubility Characterization Of Organic Molecules For Aqueous Organic Redox Flow Batteries, Anthony W. Ferrell, Harkeerith K. Vij, Seamus D. Jones

College of Engineering Summer Undergraduate Research Program

The major obstacle to renewable energy sources is a lack of long-term energy storage capabilities. Energy produced during the day dissipates, leaving insufficient electricity for at night. The goal of the project is to design an Aqueous Organic Redox Flow Battery (AORFB) to act as long-term energy storage. Work has been done using machine learning to identify suitable compounds for the batteries. In this work there was no indication as to the aqueous solubility of the molecules; this controls the device’s energy storage capabilities. We used a machine learning model to determine the aqueous solubility of slightly more than 3000 …

Spin And Charge Transport In Metallic Ferrimagnets And Disordered Magnetic Oxides, Leopoldo A. Hernandez

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Recent efforts have been exploring the use of thin film synthetic ferrimagnets and disordered magnetic oxides for applications in spintronic devices. Due to the antiferromagnetic exchange interaction, ferrimagnetic materials offer the ultrafast dynamics of the antiferromagnetic exchange, with a net magnetization that can be influenced externally. With two, or more, competing ferromagnet sublattices, interesting properties arise that depend on the final magnetic landscape after growth of the material and it’s inherent magnetic anisotropy energies. Properties such as magnetic compensation temperatures, and perpendicular magnetic anisotropy are attractive for applications in spintronic memory and logic devices, some already being implemented in MRAM …

Free And Forced Vibrations Of Elastically Restrained Cantilever With Lumped Oscillator, Alireza Babaei, Johné Parker, Paria Moshaver

Earth and Environmental Sciences Faculty Publications

The efficiency assessment of cantilever-based energy harvesters relies on vibrational analysis, which necessitates modi- fications aimed at enhancing efficiency. These modifications involve manipulating the fundamental frequency to lower values and encompassing a wider range of resonances within a specified bandwidth. Consequently, this paper introduces an original analytical-numerical exploration into the vibratory response of a cantilever with a novel boundary condi- tion involving an elastically restrained oscillator-spring arrangement. At the microbeam’s tip, an oscillator is elastically confined by a linear spring, resulting in a novel set of coupled governing equations and a distinct shearing boundary condition. Microbeam equations is derived from …

Surface Treatments' Effects On The Capacitor's Dielectric Performance Under Electro-Thermal Stresses, Haider. M. Umran, Feipeng Wang

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

Biaxial-oriented polypropylene (BOPP) films are characterized by unfavorable aging behavior because of their poor susceptibility to high temperatures, humidity, and high electric fields. This makes them unqualified to withstand harsh operating conditions, such as in capacitor applications. This study investigates the impact of annealing BOPP samples at 100 °C for five hours after fluorination at different times (15, 30, and 60 minutes) on their electrical and mechanical performance under electro-thermal stresses. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images confirm that there is an increase in surface roughness and the formation of a dense layer of fluorine-containing groups monotonically with fluorination time. So, …

The Interplay Of Spin, Charge, And Heat: From Metal/Insulator Heterostructures To Perovskite Bilayers, Sam M. Bleser

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In this dissertation begin with an investigation of non-local spin transport in an amorphous germanium (a-Ge) sample via the inverse spin Hall effect (ISHE). In that study we show that commonly used techniques such as differential conductance and delta mode of a paired Keithley 6221/2182a for non-local resistance measurements can lead to false indicators of spin transport. Next, we turn out attention to a thickness dependent study in thermally-evaporated chromium (Cr) thin films on a bulk polycrystalline yttrium-iron-garnet (YIG) substrate. This project analyzed the spin transport in the Cr films versus thickness via the longitudinal spin Seebeck effect (LSSE). This …

A Bayesian Approach For Lifetime Modeling And Prediction With Multi-Type Group-Shared Missing Covariates, Hao Zeng, Xuxue Sun, Kuo Wang, Yuxin Wen, Wujun Si, Mingyang Li

Engineering Faculty Articles and Research

In the field of reliability engineering, covariate information shared among product units within a specific group (e.g., a manufacturing batch, an operating region), such as operating conditions and design settings, exerts substantial influence on product lifetime prediction. The covariates shared within each group may be missing due to sensing limitations and data privacy issues. The missing covariates shared within the same group commonly encompass a variety of attribute types, such as discrete types, continuous types, or mixed types. Existing studies have mainly considered single-type missing covariates at the individual level, and they have failed to thoroughly investigate the influence of …

Data-Driven Modeling Of Oxygen Kinetics In La0.6sr0.4co0.2fe0.8o3−Δ (Lscf) For High-Temperature Reduction Of Co2 In An Electrolysis Cell, Ferron Campbell

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Electrolysis systems are critical to several societal applications, particularly energy storage and conversion. Developing these systems requires a detailed knowledge of the chemistry and thermodynamics of the materials used in the electrolysis cell. This work focuses on using embedded scientific machine learning as an efficient way to build an interpretable model for the reaction and transport kinetics in the LSCF electrode, whose performance directly influences the electrolysis system’s performance. The models developed in this study are trained using the publicly available machine learning package, FoKL-GP. This package incorporates a robust Gibbs sampler that employs a forward variable selection process to …

Robot-Based 3d Printing, Aaron Hoffman

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

Details of a large-format 3D printer created to print experimental materials, test multi-axis print techniques, and quickly print large objects. The printer consists of a 7-axis robotic arm and pellet extruder, which are controlled by a PC. Experimental materials such as recycled polymers or carbon-fiber reinforced materials can be easily tested with the pellet format of the extruder. The printer can perform different printing techniques and can be used to experiment with material properties when using these techniques with different polymers. The print surface is around 5 times larger than the average commercial 3D printer, and the robotic arm provides …

Machine-Learning-Assisted Design Of Deep Eutectic Solvents Based On Uncovered Hydrogen Bond Patterns, Usman Lame Abbas, Yuxuan Zhang, Joseph Tapia, Md Selim, Jin Chen, Jian Shi, Qing Shao

Markey Cancer Center Faculty Publications

Non-ionic deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are non-ionic designer solvents with various applications in catalysis, extraction, carbon capture, and pharmaceuticals. However, discovering new DES candidates is challenging due to a lack of efficient tools that accurately predict DES formation. The search for DES relies heavily on intuition or trial-and-error processes, leading to low success rates or missed opportuni- ties. Recognizing that hydrogen bonds (HBs) play a central role in DES formation, we aim to identify HB features that distinguish DES from non-DES systems and use them to develop machine learning (ML) models to discover new DES systems. We first analyze the …

The Impacts Of Impurities And Stress State On Polycrystalline Ice Deformation And Investigations Into The Densification Of Polar Firn, Ayobami Oladapo Ogunmolasuyi

Dartmouth College Ph.D Dissertations

Glacier ice cores are unparalleled natural archives of past climate, containing ancient air and impurities. Understanding glacier and ice sheet behavior and their impact on impurity records is crucial for interpreting ice core records. H₂SO₄ is particularly significant, as it provides the strongest evidence for the diffusion of chemical signals and decreases the strength of single crystals and polycrystals of ice. However, its effects on recrystallization, grain growth, and fabric development mechanisms, as well as the effects of grain boundaries on its post-depositional diffusion remain unclear.

This thesis investigates the effects of the microstructural location of H …