Metallurgy Commons^™

Separation Of Copper And Zinc On Synthetic Resins, Ernest Joseph Breton

Masters Theses

"It was desired to know whether ion exchange resins could be of value to the metallurgist in the recovery and separation of metals. The recovery and separation of copper and zinc from dilute solutions on Amberlite IRC-50, a carboxylic resin, and Amberlite IR-120, a nuclear sulfonic resin, were investigated. It was found that Amberlite IRC-50 could effectively remove copper ions from a solution of copper and zinc. Amberlite IR-120, due to the strong sulfonic acid groups, exhibited only a slight preference for copper as compared to zinc. It would seem that a judicious choice of resins coupled with appropriate chemistry …

A High-Temperature X-Ray Diffraction Camera And Its Application To Copper And Titanium, Robert R. Penman

Masters Theses

"The purpose of this research was threefold, and consists of the following sections: 1. Effective use of a high temperature x-ray camera, capable of reaching temperatures of 1000 ºC. 2. Investigation of the thermal dilation of certain cubic metals. 3. Accurate determination of the lattice constant (aₒ) of Beta Titanium at 900 ºC "--Introduction, page 1.

Solid Solution In The Series Sodium Tungsten Bronze, Lithium Tungsten Bronze And Tungstic Oxide, Godrej F. Doctor

Masters Theses

"The tungsten bronzes are a series of anionic substitutional solid solutions of alkali metal metatungstates and tungstic oxide. They are neither alloys nor intermetallic compounds, the term tungsten bronzes was adopted because of their remarkable metallic properties, e.g. luster, specific gravity and especially high electrical conductivity, which resembles to that of graphite. Due to its chemical inactivity and beautiful shades of color, it is used as a coating, especially in the plastic industry and for other ornamental products. The properties and the structure of these bronzes have not been investigated entirely satisfactory; within the last twenty years, only a few …

Separation Of Cobalt From Zinc Sulfate Solutions By Synthetic Cation Exchange Resins, Wen-Hsiang Chang

Masters Theses

"The purpose of the present research is primarily to investigate the possibility of the separation and recovery of cobalt from zinc sulfate solutions by means of cation exchange resins. It is thought that such an investigation, seemingly of academic interest, might throw some light on determining the possibility of processing some industrial solutions containing both cobalt and zinc. Cobalt, for instance, has been well known as one of the most detrimental impurities in zinc electrolytic solutions. In spite of various purification treatments, small amounts of cobalt are often present in the electrolytic solution, causing a reduction in current efficiency and …

The Potassium Tungsten Bronzes, Ching Hou Ma

Masters Theses

"The tungsten bronzes are a series of substitutional solid solutions of alkali or alkaline earth metatungstates and tungstic oxides. They are not really metallic alloys or intermetallic compounds but they possess some marked metallic properties such as metallic luster, good electric conductivity, high specific gravity, etc. For this reason the name of "bronzes" is applied to them"--Introduction, page 1.

The Transformation Of The Aluminum-Zinc Eutectoid Alloy At Subcritical Temperatures, Thomas Joseph Burke

Masters Theses

"Interest in the mechanism of the austenite eutectoid transformation in iron-carbon alloys, especially as produced by the isothermal sub-critical techniques introduced by Davenport and Bain, has resulted in the application of similar heat treatment studies to the eutectoid transformations in other alloy systems. The study of the eutectoid transformation is of both fundamental and industrial interest because past experience has shown that these studies yielded much information concerning the nature and mechanism of the changes in eutectoid alloys during the decomposition of the phase stable at high temperatures and has also contributed much toward the development of new properties to …

Construction And Operation Of A Vacuum Retort Pilot-Plant For Distillation Of Alloys, Robert Frederick Doelling

Masters Theses

"The widespread appearance of large scale vacuum systems operating commercially in the micron range of pressures has initiated a new field of industrial endeavor, vacuum engineering. The ever increasing number of applications of vacuo in commercial processes and laboratory research has stimulated the design and improvement of vacuum equipment, and at the present time equipment may be obtained to meet practically any need. In turn, the variety of available tools has directed the engineers attention to improving old processes and developing new ones through the utilization of vacuum techniques ... The possibility of producing a relatively high purity silver in …

A Study Of The Dissolution Of Titanium In Acids With Emphasis On Hydrofluoric Acid, Ping-Chao Chen

Doctoral Dissertations

"Titanium is practically a new metal. Although it was discovered by W. Gregor in 1791, the pure metal was not prepared until 1910 by M. A. Hunter, and it is only very recently that tremendous interest has been focused on this new metal, as evidenced by the activities of numerous leading laboratories and pilot plants.

The reasons that Ti is gaining increasing attention may be attributed to the natural abundance of Ti ores in reasonable concentration and, what is more important, to its unusual combination of physical and chemical properties. According to F. W. Clark’s classical geochemical data, Ti amounts …

Measurement Of Flotation Rate As A Function Of Particle Size, Thomas Martin Morris

Doctoral Dissertations

“The Problem. The rate of flotation of solid particles determines the percentage recovery of these particles which can be obtained during a given time interval. An examination of operating data from a flotation plant shows that percentage recovery varies with the size of particle.

Many investigators have explored the problem of measuring flotation rate. In most cases the results obtained were expressed qualitatively. The results obtained by one worker were often at variance with results reported by another worker.

This investigation was undertaken with the object of (1) quantitatively measuring the rate of flotation of various sizes of particles and …

A Report On The Reduction Of Sphalerite Under Reduced Pressure, John H. Fuqua, William H. Magruder

Missouri School of Mines and Metallurgy Reports

During the last war, with the increased demand for magnesium metal and the general disregard for costs, a number of plants were constructed for the production of magnesium by vacuum metallurgical methods. (Both the Carbothermic Process and the Pidgeon Ferrosilicon Process employ vacuum systems for the production of metallic Mg.)

At the close of the war several of the government built plants were forced to suspend operations because of the economic impossibility of producing magnesium in competition with the Dow Chemical Company. It was with the availability of these plants in mind that experimentation with the possibilities of producing metallic …

Barium-Tin Alloys, James Richard Whanger

Masters Theses

"The author attempted to produce alloys of barium and tin using metallic barium and barium hydride. Also, an attempt was made to study the phase diagram using thermal analysis and X-ray investigation"--Introduction, page 2

The Effect Of Silicate Ion And Hydroxyl Ion On The Abstraction Of Potassium Ethyl Xanthate By Galena, Pao-Zung Wu

Masters Theses

"The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of the silicate ion and the hydroxyl ion on the removal of potassium ethyl xanthate by galena; since the former ion is encountered during flotation owing to dissolution of silicates, and also sodium silicate being often used to disperse gangue minerals, and the latter one is encountered during floating in an alkaline circuit"--Introduction, page 1.

A Preliminary Investigation Of The Titanium-Copper Equilibrium System, August Robert Savu

Masters Theses

"The element titanium has a high degree of chemical activity at room temperature when in a finely divided condition. In the massive state this activity is only exhibited at high temperatures. The powdered metal is highly pyrophoric. Titanium forms quite stable sulphides and carbides, although these are subject to oxidation at high temperatures. It also form nitrides. Titanium being a transitional element forms hydrides with hydrogen which are stable at ordinary temperatures, but which dissociate at red heat liberating the hydrogen and leaving the metallic titanium in a very active state. Alloys are formed with such metals as aluminum, manganese, …

The Lithium Tungsten Bronzes, Shun Sheng Hsu

Masters Theses

"The 'tungsten bronzes are a series of anionic substitutional solid solutions of alkali or alkaline earth metal metatungstates and tungstic oxide. They are neither alloys or intermetallic compounds, the term "tungsten bronzes" was adopted because of their remarkable metallic properties -- e.g., high electrical conductivity, metallic luster on the crystal, and high specific gravity. Also owing to their intense and vivid colors and chemical inactivity it was possible to use them in the paint industry as a substitute for the so-called "bronze powders", the latter term is applied to the finely divided metal powders, such as aluminum, copper, brass, and …

Treatment Of Zinc Crusts By Vacuum Distillation, Chang-Hsu Shih

Masters Theses

"The purpose of this research is to investigate the possibility of obtaining reasonably pure silver from the zinc crusts by vacuum distillation in one step. The effect of temperature, pressure, particle size, and time of distillation will be determined. The behavior of other constituents in the crusts are also to be studied"--Introduction, page 5.

X-Ray Investigations Of The Metal Deposits Resulting From The Electrochemical Displacement Process, Cheng Chih Fang

Masters Theses

"The principle of electrochemical displacement has been well established in the science of chemistry and applied as a commercial process in some metallurgical processes, such as the cementation process and the immersion method of metal coatings. According to the EMF series of the metals, the upper, the more electronegative metal,* (*Here the term of 'electronegative' means the metal possessing high electrolytic solution pressure and going into the solution with the formation of positive ions. Some authors preferred to use 'electropositive' instead of 'electronegative', referring to the ions which are electropositive during dissolution.) will displace the lower, the more electropositive one, …

Comparative Study Of The Collecting Property Of Naphthenic Acids With Oleic Acid As Applied To Calcite, Hematite, Barite, And Fluorspar, Siddhi Nath Mukherji

Masters Theses

"The present investigation was undertaken to find out any comparable collecting property of some of the industrial naphthenic acids available in the market with that of commercial grade of oleic acid so that some information may be available in selecting naphthenic acids as flotation collectors. In the flotation industry, usefulness of oleic acid as non-metallic minerals collector is well established. On the other hand, the use of naphthenic acids as flotation collector has been reported only in few cases. Even in those cases, no attempt has been made to correlate their collecting properties with that of their physical and chemical …

An Investigation Of The Weavability Of Wire With Observations On The Defects Of Wire And Wire Cloth, Walston Chubb

Masters Theses

"In the course of this year's work under the auspices of the Ludlow-Saylor research fellowship many problems of interest to the wire weaving industry have been investigated. Some of these problems have no academic novelty; others were not completed and have been laid aside for future investigations. The major problem for investigation this year was to discover a method by which the weavability of wire might be evaluated. A second problem for investigation was to discover the causes of some of the defects of wire and wire cloth. In addition to presenting the results of these investigations, this thesis represents …

Preparation Of Copper Single Crystals By Means Of Powder Metallurgy Methods, Wei-Kung Chang

Masters Theses

"Since different mechanical properties of metals result from different grain size became known, the metallurgists have been interested in finding out the true nature of the grain boundaries. Consequently, several different theories concerning the mechanism of recrystallization, grain growth, and the structure of metals were advanced and studied. These threw much light on the difference of properties between polycrystalline metals and single crystals of the same metals. The single crystals of metals were studied because they enabled the investigator to determine the important points of metallic behavior. The first work on single crystals was rather obscure and limited to isolated, …

Evaluation Of Quenching Media Using The End-Quench Hardenability Test, Subodh C. Das Gupta

Masters Theses

"The purpose of the thesis was to evaluate the quenching speed of different quenching media by studying their behaviour in relation to hardenabilities of steels, using the standard A.S.T.M. End-quench Test. At the outset an understanding of the term "Hardenability", so extensively used in industrial heat-treatment, is necessary, The property of a steel, of hardening on quenching to various depths beneath the surface is referred to as the 'Hardenability". It may simply be called the "susceptibility to hardening". Hardenability should be distinguished from the "Hardening capacity", which represents the magnitude of the hardness achieved. The chief factors which affect the …

An Investigation Of The Production Of Multicarbide Of Tungsten And Titanium From Wo₃ - Tih₂ - C Mixtures, Chi-Mei Hsiao

Masters Theses

"The purpose of this research was to investigate the possibility of producing the multicarbides of tungsten and titanium from a tungsten oxide-titanium hydride-carbon mixture. It appears to be worthwhile to carry out the reduction, carburization, and pre-alloying in one process, i.e. reducing tungsten oxide with the dissociated hydrogen from titanium hydride and the added carbon; then carburizing the reduced tungsten metal and dissociated titanium metal; at last, pre-alloying the mixture of TiC and WC. The replacement of titanium hydride with titanium oxide seems to be more direct, simple, and economical process; but the difficulty in the reduction of titanium oxide …

Reduction Of Zinc Sulphide In A Vacuum, Tien-Shih Liu

Masters Theses

"The successful large scale commercial application of high vacuum for high temperature metallurgical operations is a comparatively new development. The use of Pidgeon and the carbothermic processes for the production of magnesium during the war forced a perfection of both equipments and techniques for high vacuum operations. This opens broadly the way for a great expansion of vacuum metallurgy. Vacuum operation is thus no more a laboratory method - it is a kind of industrial practice. Many metallurgical operations, which cannot be carried out by ordinary processes, are made feasible when conducted in a reduced pressure. typical examples are the …

A Study Of The Separation Of Wolframite From Tin-Oxide, Chih-Wen Ying

Masters Theses

"A number of mines in china, Bolivia, England, and other countries contain both tin-oxide and wolframite. Owing to the fact that the specific gravity of tin-oxide and wolframite is so nearly the same, considerable difficulty is experienced in making a gravity separation, and all attempts to do so by wet or dry concentration have given very poor results. The perfection of magnetic separators has done much to mitigate this difficulty, so that now complex ores of this nature can be treated in a satisfactory manner. The mixed concentrate from the tables or other concentrators, after being roasted to expel sulfur …

A Preliminary Investigation Of The Titanium-Tin Equilibrium System, James Eugene Reynolds

Masters Theses

"Titanium is estimated to comprise about .63% of the lithosphere and atmosphere. This would render it the ninth in abundance of all the elements, and fourth in abundance of the metals suitable for mechanical and structural uses, being exceeded only by iron, aluminum, and magnesium. It is approximately 400 times more abundant than lead, which is generally considered to be quite plentiful. The chief restriction of the commercial availability of titanium in its pure form has been the difficulty of reducing it from its ores. Several methods have been proposed in the past and recent years, and R. S. Dean …

A Study Of The Retort Zinc Distillation Process, Albert Hoffman

Masters Theses

"The problem of this thesis is to determine the optimum density of packing of the charge to a zinc retort under exact industrial conditions of temperatures and materials as it affects the production of zinc metal. It is well known that the quantity of zinc produced per cycle is benefited by increasing the density of charging, but increased density of packing or charging is limited by the diffusion, through the charge of the gases necessary to carry on the reduction reactions. In commercial practice there is also a secondary limitation dependent primarily upon the rate at which the heat can …

An Investigation Of The Reduction Of Rutile Copper Oxide Mixtures With Magnesium, Tryggve Smedsland

Masters Theses

"It is known that the addition of titanium to certain types of brasses and bronzes gives them additional valuable properties. The copper-titanium master alloy which is the natural addition agent for making these brasses can not, however, be used if it has been made aluminothermically. It appears that aluminum in the master alloy makes it useless for the above purpose. It should, therefore, be worth while to determine if it is possible to produce a copper-titanium alloy by some method which eliminates the contamination by aluminum, and which would give a copper-titanium which could be used with advantage as an …

Properties Of Wire Suitable For The Fabrication Of Wire Cloth, Campbell William Floyd Funk

Masters Theses

"In the highly competative [sic] wire cloth industry, improvement of product quality is of paramount importance. With an eye to the future, the Ludlow Saylor Wire Company of St. Louis decided to embark upon a research program with the hope of improving the quality of their products above already high standards. An industrial research fellowship was instituted at the Missouri School of Mines and Metallurgy at Rolla for graduate research studies of the metallurgical, mechanical and chemical properties of wire as the [sic] pertain to the weaving of industrial wire cloth. Although relatively small quantities of wire are defective, their …

Studies Of Contact Angles On Oxidized Copper Minerals, John Stewart Carr

Masters Theses

"Effective flotation of an ore is the result of several factors: selection of suitable reagents; the proper combination of reagents, processing conditions of the operation proper such as time intervals involved and the machinery used. To focus the investigation on a specific field it was decided to investigate in some detail the behaviour of the more popular collectors toward oxidized copper minerals. This investigation was carried out chiefly by applying contact-angle measurements as obtained with the various collectors on the basic carbonate and oxide copper minerals. This basic information was desirable before carrying out actual flotation tests. There was little …

A Study Of Certain Ferromagnetic Alloys In The Systems Copper-Manganese-Indium And Copper-Manganese-Gallium, Frederick Arthur Hames

Doctoral Dissertations

"In 1898 F. Heusler discovered that certain alloys containing only copper, manganese, and tin are ferromagnetic. Since that time, ferromagnetic alloys have been reported to occur in the ternary systems copper-manganese-aluminum, copper-manganese-arsenic, copper-manganese-boron, copper-manganese-antimony, copper-manganese-zinc, silver-manganese-aluminum, and silver-manganese-tin. Such ferromagnetic alloys containing only non-ferromagnetic elements have come to be called "Heusler alloys."

From the metallographic standpoint, the ferromagnetic copper-manganese-aluminum and copper-manganese-tin alloys have been the most fully investigated of the Heusler alloys. These alloys owe their ferromagnetism to the beta phases in their respective systems. The structure of the beta phase is based on a body-centered cubic lattice.

In view …

Effect Of Chromium, Molybdenum, Tungsten, And Vanadium Additions On The Physical Properties Of 1.4 Percent Titanium-Copper, Edward Palmer Patterson

Masters Theses

"Titanium, an element reported to be ninth most abundant of the elements in the earth's crust, has received very little experimental attention as an alloying element in non-ferrous metallurgy. In copper, titanium produces an age-hardening effect, which makes it of great value to copper manufacturers of fabricated products. Yet, but a handfull of men have investigated the copper-titanium equilibrium diagram, and the titanium rich portion of the diagram still remains a mystery. No work has been done on ternary alloys of copper-titanium to this date, as far as recorded information is concerned, and it is hoped that the present work …