Materials Science and Engineering Commons^™

Experimental Study On Influence Of Phosphorus Slag Powder On Pervious Concrete, Lou Jianxin, Yang Jianyong, Zhang Yuxian, Li Jun, Wang Jie, Liu Jian

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

This paper investigates the effects of replacing cement with phosphorus slag powder on the mechanical properties, permeability, and pavement performance of pervious concrete. The results show that incorporating a certain amount of phosphorus slag powder as a partial replacement for cement in pervious concrete is feasible. When the replacement ratio of phosphorus slag powder is within 10%, it enhances the strength of pervious concrete. The optimal replacement ratio of phosphorus slag powder is 8%, achieving a compressive strength of 24.18 MPa, a void ratio of 15.37%, and a permeability coefficient of 2.45 mm/s, which meet the requirements for fully permeable …

Dynamic Load Response Analysis Of Rubber Powder Modified Asphalt Mixture, Yang Sanqiang, Sun Shuang, Li Qian, Liu Xinlei, Qin Lusheng

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

To investigate the mechanical response of rubber powder modified asphalt pavement under dynamic loads, this paper, based on the “Full-Scale Accelerated Pavement Loading Testing” project, designed experimental schemes for asphalt mixtures with varying rubber powder contents. The paper employed accelerated loading test equipment to evaluate the stress and deformation of pavement structures, obtaining dynamic strain response data to analyze the strain response patterns of various structural layers. Combining finite element numerical simulations and a custom loading program, the paper examined the dynamic responses of rubber powder modified asphalt pavements under variable temperature conditions. The results show that through microscopic testing, …

Aging Asphalt Concrete Cracking Performance Under Different Cyclic Loading Frequencies, Yan Jingchen, Ma Yanpei, Yan Junjie

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

Using digital speckle technology, this paper examines the crack propagation behavior of asphalt concrete under repeated loading, analyzing the crack propagation mechanism from macro- and micro-perspectives under different aging conditions and loading frequencies for four types of asphalt concrete. The results show that the basalt fiber-reinforced asphalt concrete beam specimens delay the onset of the unstable crack propagation phase, thus extending the service life of the asphalt concrete. Aging accelerates the progression of asphalt concrete to the unstable crack propagation point, advancing this stage by 4%-5%. Under repeated loading frequencies of 5 Hz, 10 Hz, and 15 Hz, the damage …

Design And Development Of Two And Three Dimensional Integration System For Highway Based On Webgis, Che Defu, Zhou Huajun

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

To address the inefficiencies, lengthy cycles, and high resource demands in the process of determining the annual project database for highway maintenance quotas in Liaoning Province, a 2D and 3D integration system for highways based on WebGIS was designed and developed. This system not only provides a macroscopic view of the geographic distribution and overall characteristics of highways but also offers a detailed and intuitive representation of the spatial relationships and conditions of roadbeds and pavement damage. The system meets the needs of modern highway management and can serve as a reference for other highway maintenance quota tasks.

Study On Relationship Of Solar Radiation Temperature And Pier‐Top Displacement Of Ultra‐High Thin‐Walled Hollow Pier, Liu Zhishen, Zhang Yifei, Song Fei, Su Jufeng, Ren Xiang

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

Thin-walled hollow piers are widely used in high-pier and long-span continuous rigid-frame bridges. Solar radiation-induced displacements at the tops of ultra-high thin-walled hollow piers can negatively affect the structural alignment and stress during construction and post-construction phases. Based on a 180 m high thin-walled hollow pier of a large bridge in Shaanxi Province, this paper analyzes the temperature field and pier-top displacement using data collected during two 24-hour periods: August 28-29 and October 11-12. The temperature field and pier-top displacement patterns over time were studied using finite element analysis. The results show that the temperature difference between the north and …

Model Test Study On Mechanical Characteristics Of Spherical Joints In Multi‐Point Support Swivel System, Zeng Lifei

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

As a critical load-bearing component in bridge swivel systems, the mechanical behavior of spherical joints is essential for the safety of bridge swiveling operations. This study focuses on the spherical joints of a multi-point support swivel system for the bridge over the Xiangyang North Marshalling Yard. Model tests were conducted to analyze the effects of the number of supporting legs, swivel speed, track smoothness, and wind load on the stress of spherical joints. The stress variation patterns of spherical joints under different working conditions were investigated. The results show that increasing the number of supporting legs improves the uniformity of …

Selection Of Phase Change Materials For Asphalt Pavement Based On Molecular Dynamics Simulation, Liu Fujun, Tian Xin, Liang Meichen, Guo Meng

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

Phase change materials (PCMs) have significant application potential in temperature regulation for asphalt pavements. To select suitable PCMs for road applications, this paper utilizes molecular dynamics simulation to analyze the molecular behaviors of lauric acid and polyethylene glycol (PEG). Experimental studies were conducted to validate the simulation results. The results show that molecular dynamics simulation provides an efficient and convenient method for comparing the performance of PCMs. PEG outperforms lauric acid in terms of molecular density, cohesive energy density, solubility parameters, and thermal conductivity, making it more suitable as a phase change material for asphalt pavements.

Study On Alkali Excitation Mechanism Of Large Dosage Slag Fine Powder, Mei Yang

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

To reveal the alkali excitation mechanism of high-dosage slag, this paper combines a three-factor, three-level orthogonal design with macro- and micro-performance tests and microstructure analysis. The effects of different activators, including Ca(OH)2, Na2SiO3, Na2SO4, and CaSO4, in single and dual combinations on the initial and final setting times, pore solution pH, and strength of concrete were explored. The results show that the impact on the strength of hardened paste of composite cementitious materials is ranked as: activator type > dosage > dual-mix ratio. The optimal dual-mix dosage is 4%, with the best combination being Ca(OH)2 and Na2SiO3 at a ratio of 5:1. …

Study On Microstructure Of Asphalt Modified By Oil‐Coal Blend, Guo Pengfei, Zhou Xinfeng

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

To investigate the microstructure and modification mechanism of asphalt modified with oil-coal blend, SK-90# asphalt was mixed with 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25% (external blending method) oil-coal blend to produce modified asphalt. The performance and microstructural changes of the modified asphalt were analyzed using contact angle testing, infrared spectroscopy, cross-sectional SEM, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results show that the oil-coal blend exhibits good compatibility with asphalt. During the modification process, esterification reactions occurred, resulting in a decrease in hydroxyl-containing aromatic compounds and an increase in carbonyl-containing aromatic compounds. Macroscopically, the oil-coal blend-modified asphalt demonstrated excellent high-temperature performance.

Analysis Of Expressway Routine Maintenance Performance Management Based On Dea, Li Yuhuan, Shi Xiaoli, Gao Nan

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

To allocate maintenance resources efficiently and improve management levels, this paper examines the maintenance performance and improvement strategies of routine maintenance projects for 23 expressways in Shaanxi Province using 2018 operational maintenance data and data envelopment analysis. The results show that for some inefficient subsidiaries, traditional radial- and slack-based performance improvement methods are challenging and impractical in the short term. Therefore, a scenario-dependent model-based long-term incremental improvement strategy is proposed. By leveraging relative improvement values, this strategy enables phased improvements for inefficient subsidiaries. It provides a feasible approach for subsidiaries to set lower short-term performance improvement targets while achieving gradual …

Review: Inelastic Constitutive Modeling: Polycrystalline Materials, Mirza Baig, Josiah Owusu-Danquah, Anne A. Campbell, Stephen F. Duffy Phd, Pe

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications

This article provides a literature review that details the development of inelastic constitutive modeling as it relates to polycrystalline materials. This review distinguishes between inelastic constitutive models that account for nonlinear behavior at the microstructural level, time-independent classic plasticity models, and time-dependent unified models. Particular emphasis is placed on understanding the underlying theoretical framework for unified viscoplasticity models where creep and classical plasticity behavior are considered the result of applied boundary conditions instead of separable rates representing distinct physical mechanisms. This article establishes a clear understanding of the advantages of the unified approach to improve material modeling. This review also …

Exploring Methods For Recycling Filament Waste In 3d Printing, Max Rios Carballo

Publications and Research

The goal of the current study is to investigate cutting-edge techniques for recycling filament waste from 3D printing procedures. Appropriate waste management techniques are required to reduce this trash's harmful environmental consequences. The goal of the project is to look at new methods for recycling filament waste in order to minimize disposal and encourage reuse. To acquire data from pertinent papers and research, a thorough literature review methodology was used. The findings show that this issue may be resolved utilizing a variety of recycling techniques, including shredding, melting, and re-extrusion. The type of filament waste and the intended goal will …

Machinability Of High Mn Steel Using Tool Life Criteria, Dika Handayani, Victor F. Okhuysen, Nicole Wagner

Engineering Faculty Articles and Research

High Mn steel alloys have shown to provide both high strength and ductility. However, current literature offers limited guidance on the machinability of these steel alloys. Therefore, this work provides turning recommendations for high Mn steel that is based on tool life data. Several indexable carbide inserts with various rake angles were used to machine cast billets of high Mn steel. Turning characteristics from various feed rates, cutting speeds, and depths of cut were analyzed. Through a design of experiments, it was determined that the feed rate was the most significant factor affecting tool life and that a tool with …

A Study Of Biochar Production Via Continuous Vacuum-Assisted Pyrolysis, Max Wohlgenant

Graduate Theses & Non-Theses

The present study focuses upon the design, fabrication, and feasibility of the bulk production of scientific biochar for mobile delivery. In the 2022 annual report, the National Academies of Science, Engineering, and Medicine recommended the integration of mobile, decentralized reactors that employ flexible manufacturing and circular economic principles. Biochar production, involving the thermal degradation of biomass under an inert atmosphere to yield remediation media is an ideal material to satisfy this recommendation. Many potential application sites, such as abandoned mines, are remote and limit the construction of large infrastructure. The continuous vacuum-assisted pyrolysis (CVAP) reactor was designed to: increase biochar …

Utilization Of Machine Learning To Investigate Material State, Ana B. Abadie

Honors College Theses

The ability to predict material behavior that undergoes various loading conditions is critical to the development of reliable and safe components. Thermal and mechanical fatigue loading can cause significant damage to materials, leading to failure and potential safety hazards. Machine learning algorithms have emerged as a promising tool for improving accuracy and efficiency of predicting material behavior under such loading conditions. This research provides a comprehensive overview of a machine learning algorithm that is able to analyze and predict material state independently of the loading sequence. Unidirectional carbon fiber reinforced polymer (UD CFRP) composite which has undergone two different loading …

Multi-Mode Total Focusing Method (Mtfm) To Detect High-Temperature Hydrogen Attack (Htha) – A Review, Anjar Oktikawati, Rini Riastuti, Nursidi Yuanto

Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings

High temperature hydrogen attack (HTHA) is a commonly observed harm component in carbon steels exposed to high temperature and pressure in a hydrogen-rich environment. Hydrogen together with carbon responds to produce methane. The formation of methane bubbles in steel can lead to loss of fracture toughness and lead to intergranular cracking. The main challenge of this problem lies in early warning systems that can detect these bubble clusters before they reach the advanced stage. Several advanced ultrasonic inspections have been developed over the years due to the challenges of inspecting materials for defects and discontinuities. These cover time-of-flight diffraction (ToFD), …

Estimating Remaining Life And Fitness-For-Services Evaluation Of Fuel Piping Systems, Sekar Putri Purwidyasari, Ahmad Isni Kurniawan, Deni Ferdian

Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings

Assets life extension are required to predict the design life expiry based on condition and effects of deterioration. The remaining life assessment will answer the questions about timing of the component or equipment will lead to failure and shall be evaluated by inspection and maintenance monitoring. This study elaborates process calculation and analysis by using remaining life assessment and fitness for services method according to API 579-1/ASME FFS-1 for process piping area. The result of remaining useful life estimation and estimated life has been proposed. There are 11 piping systems based on the condition monitoring with thickness measurements. The result …

Development Of Dynamic Risk-Based Inspection Using Forward Difference Approach For Pipe Failure Due To Uniform Corrosion, Jaka Fajar Fatriansyah, Zahra Nadia Nurullia, Andreas Federico, Dedi Priadi

Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings

The oil and gas industry is one of the world's largest and most influential energy contributors. All aspects involved in the operation of this industry are fundamental to be reviewed and managed correctly, especially by preventing or minimizing the failures that could occur. Uniform corrosion is the most common component failure mechanism that can cause failure in the oil and gas industry. The company's actions in managing and preventing the risk of this type of failure have a major role in the sustainability of the company due to the possibility of more significant impacts if the risk cannot be handled …

Utilization Of Cellulose Symbiotic Culture Of Bacteria And Yeast (Scoby) With Sweet Tea Media As Methylene Blue And Brilliant Green Biosorbent Material, Leonard Mateus Sigiro, Ahmad Maksum, Donanta Dhaneswara

Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings

The cellulose from Symbiotic Culture of Bacteria and Yeast (SCOBY) can be used as a biosorbent for dye adsorption, such as Methylene Blue and Brilliant Green. This study used sweet tea with a 6% of sugar concentration and 14 days of fermentation time to synthesize biosorbent material from SCOBY. The results from this synthesis are then characterized using FTIR, SEM, and BET. From the result of characterization, it was found that SCOBY has pores formed from cellulose. The results of the average pore size are 1.5976nm with a pore volume of 0.229cc/g, while the specific surface area is 143.244m2/g. The …

Enhancing Compatibility And Mechanical Properties Of Natural Rubber Composites, Krisma Yessi Sianturi, Adam Febriyanto Nugraha, Belle Kristaura, Mochamad Chalid

Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings

Pure natural rubber (NR) exhibits low mechanical properties, necessitating the incorporation of additives like vulcanizing agents and fillers. Carbon black and silica, conventional fillers, are relatively expensive and not environmentally friendly. This study explores using Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch (OPEFB) fiber as an affordable, abundant, and biodegradable alternative filler for NR. However, compatibility issues arise between the nonpolar NR and the polar OPEFB fiber. A latex-starch hybrid coupling agent (CA (NR-St)) was added to the composite formulation to address this. NR, OPEFB fiber, and the coupling agent were mixed using an open roll mill with a 10 phr OPEFB …

Fabrication Of Black Phosphorus Terahertz Photoconductive Antennas, Nathan Tanner Sawyers

Physics Undergraduate Honors Theses

Terahertz (THz) photoconductive antennas (PCAs) using 40nm thin-film flakes of black phosphorus (BP) and hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) have been shown computationally to be capable of THz emission comparable to those based on GaAs [2]. In this paper, I briefly describe the scientific and practical interest in THz emissions and explain what warrants research into black phosphorus as a photoconductive semiconductor in THz devices. Furthermore, I outline the basic principle of how these antennas work and mention alternative designs produced by other researchers in the past. Finally, I summarize the fabrication process of these antennas, as well as the measurements …

Physics-Based Human-In-The-Loop Machine Learning Combined With Genetic Algorithm Search For Multi-Criteria Optimization: Electrochemical Co2 Reduction Reaction, Naohiro Fujinuma, Samuel Lofland

College of Science & Mathematics Departmental Research

Machine learning (ML) can be a powerful tool to expedite materials research, but the deployment for experimental research is often hindered by data scarcity and model uncertainty. An human-in-the-loop procedure to tailor the implementation of ML for multicriteria optimization is described. The effectiveness of this procedure in the development of a nafion-based membrane electrode assembly for electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) into CO for two targets is demonstrated: energy efficiency (EE) and partial current density for CO2RR (). Model-agnostic nonlinear correlation analyses identify the 11 features relevant to those targets. The three studied decision tree-based ML models yield similar cross-validation …

Assessment Of Joule Heating Properties Of Various Solder Alloys In Bga Assembly, Jimmy-Bao D. Le

Material Science and Engineering Theses - Archive

The continuing demands for smaller, yet higher performance devices have resulted in many revolutionary changes in device packaging in recent years, including the change in package form factors, structure, and the type of solder alloys used for the assembly. Because solder joints are exposed to various electrical and thermo-mechanical stresses, not only at use condition but also during their process into the assembly, they are prone to failure. Especially concerned in this respect is the current density that the solder joint is subjected to as it determines the level of Joule Heating (JH), thus the solder temperature, significantly affecting the …

Study Of Alloy Effect On Electromigration In Sn Solder Alloys, Geng Ni

Material Science and Engineering Dissertations - Archive

This dissertation presents experimental results about the alloy effect on the Electromigration (EM) of Sn in Sn-based binary and ternary alloys. By using cross-stripe configuration, the alloy effect on EM of Sn can be characterized from marker polarity, and the migration of alloy element under EM can be measured from marker front motion. In the dissertation, the mechanism of alloy effect on EM of Sn, “Two-Phase equilibrium”, will be introduced. Electromigration is a phenomenon where metallic atoms are migrated at the direction of electron flow under high current density. In response to the demands for greater speed and smaller size, …

An In Vivo Biocompatibility Analysis Of A Novel Tissue Regeneration Matrix Using A Pig Model, Shamar Thomas

All Theses

The goal of this project is to develop an injectable bead scaffold to promote tissue regeneration in the void created by lumpectomy and to alleviate post lumpectomy problems by preventing local recurrence and minimizing surgical-related infections. Microbeads were synthesized from collagen type I and crosslinked with tannic acid to form the basis for this injectable therapeutic. Tannic acid acts as a therapeutic anticancer agent. The action mechanisms of tannins in breast cancer cells have been studied with studies showing tannins to be cytotoxic to cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner. Tannic acid induces apoptosis in breast cancer cells via caspase …

Dispersion Study Of Metal-Organic Frameworks And Synthesis Of Mof-High-Density Polyethylene Fibers, Sathvika Gondi

Material Science and Engineering Theses - Archive

Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) are a highly versatile class of materials with a wide range of potential applications in gas storage, separation, catalysis, drug delivery, and sensing. The ability to tailor the properties and functionalities of MOFs by varying the organic linkers and inorganic nodes makes them highly attractive for a wide range of applications. The unique properties of MOFs also make them promising materials for fundamental studies in materials science and chemistry. The current investigation focuses on the dispersion study of MOFs and the synthesis of MOF-Polymer composites. The dispersions of MOFs in various organic solvents like ethanol, isopropanol, tetrahydrofuran, …

Low-Cost Microstereolithography 3d Printing With Microfluidic Microsampling Applications, Lauren Twombly

Chemistry & Biochemistry Undergraduate Honors Theses

The growing field of stereolithography 3D printing has welcomed a new age ofmicrofluidic device fabrication techniques. When compared to previous planar fabrication techniques such as soft-lithography, stereolithography 3D printing offers highly automated procedures, reduced fabrication times, and greater complexity of device features. To date, the greatest tradeoff for 3D printing in microfluidic device fabrication is poorer resolution when compared to soft-lithography which can produce feature sizes on the nanometer scale. The poorer resolution of 3D printing limits the feasible size of features. While highly sophisticated 3D printers are capable of achieving sub 10 μm resolution, these instruments are incredibly expensive …

Iii-Nitride Triangular Microcantilevers For Multimodal Sensing Applications, Balaadithya Uppalapati

All Dissertations

Micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS)-based sensors have gained significant attention due to their ability to sense, measure, and process various physical, chemical, and biological parameters. The small size of MEMS sensors provides numerous advantages, including low power consumption, high sensitivity, and rapid response time, making them suitable for various applications in healthcare, automotive, aerospace, and consumer electronics.

In the past few years, AlGaN/GaN MEMS devices have been found to offer several advantages over silicon-based MEMS devices. One of the main advantages of AlGaN/GaN MEMS is their high sensitivity to surface stresses and forces due to their high piezoelectric coefficients. This sensitivity allows …

Mesoscale Modeling And Machine Learning Studies Of Grain Boundary Segregation In Metallic Alloys, Malek Alkayyali

All Dissertations

Nearly all structural and functional materials are polycrystalline alloys; they are composed of differently oriented crystalline grains that are joined at internal interfaces termed grain boundaries (GBs). It is well accepted that GB dynamics play a critical role in many phenomena during materials processing or under operating environments. Of particular interest are GB migration and grain growth processes, as they influence many crystal-size dependent properties, such as mechanical strength and electrical conductivity.

In metallic alloys, GBs offer a plethora of preferential atomic sites for alloying elements to occupy. Indeed, recent experimental studies employing in-situ microscopy revealed strong GB solute segregation …

Optimization Of Porosity In Cold Spray Produced Copper And Zinc Coatings, Cameron Hughes

Graduate Theses & Non-Theses

Since its invention in 1981, the cold spray (CS) additive manufacturing (AM) process has been studied and optimized to produce well-adhered, dense material coatings. CS can operate at a wide range of temperatures if the feed material remains in a solid state. Copper and zinc were studied to characterize and understand the effects of heating element voltage, travel speed, and standoff distance on deposit porosity, grain size, microhardness, and coating thickness. Samples were sprayed on 3.2 mm x 25 mm x 150 mm 6061 aluminum substrates. Sections were taken from the middle of the samples to represent steady-state conditions. Sample …