Materials Science and Engineering Commons^™

Wetting Properties Of Enamel Glasses And Relation To Adherence, Chandrakant Chhotalal Shah

Masters Theses

"Various investigators have tried to find the cause of adherence of enamel glasses to iron metal and they have put forward different theories to explain this phenomena of adherence. In spite of much work done on adherence, no theory has generally been accepted to explain the function of adhering oxides like cobalt, nickel or manganese, etc., in sheet iron ground coats. In this investigation it was thought to find out whether adherence promoting oxides have any effect on the wetting abilities of enamel glasses at elevated temperatures or not, and further, whether this different wettability caused by the different adherence …

Effect Of Titanium Dioxide As A Mineralizer In Silica Brick, Henry Clay Brassfield

Masters Theses

"The magnitude of the thermal expansion of silica brick and its inability to withstand rapid temperature changes gives rise to problems of considerable importance in the manufacture of silica brick. In firing the silica brick, mineralogical changes occur in the quartzite from which the brick is made, in which minerals of lower specific gravity are formed. This results in a permanent expansion of the brick. These mineralogical changes have been thoroughly studied and considerable information is known on the different forms of silica produced at the higher temperatures. If the conditions of firing are such that these changes have progressed …

X-Ray Investigations Of The Metal Deposits Resulting From The Electrochemical Displacement Process, Cheng Chih Fang

Masters Theses

"The principle of electrochemical displacement has been well established in the science of chemistry and applied as a commercial process in some metallurgical processes, such as the cementation process and the immersion method of metal coatings. According to the EMF series of the metals, the upper, the more electronegative metal,* (*Here the term of 'electronegative' means the metal possessing high electrolytic solution pressure and going into the solution with the formation of positive ions. Some authors preferred to use 'electropositive' instead of 'electronegative', referring to the ions which are electropositive during dissolution.) will displace the lower, the more electropositive one, …

Evaluation Of Quenching Media Using The End-Quench Hardenability Test, Subodh C. Das Gupta

Masters Theses

"The purpose of the thesis was to evaluate the quenching speed of different quenching media by studying their behaviour in relation to hardenabilities of steels, using the standard A.S.T.M. End-quench Test. At the outset an understanding of the term "Hardenability", so extensively used in industrial heat-treatment, is necessary, The property of a steel, of hardening on quenching to various depths beneath the surface is referred to as the 'Hardenability". It may simply be called the "susceptibility to hardening". Hardenability should be distinguished from the "Hardening capacity", which represents the magnitude of the hardness achieved. The chief factors which affect the …

A Study Of The Gelation Of Air-Setting Refractory Mortars, James Irving Mueller

Doctoral Dissertations

"Three basic mortar formulae were used in this investigation, each mix having some different materials present and each having its own gelling characteristics. The study was directed along the theory that the dry materials used play an important part in the hardening. Certain admixtures were tested and several were found to improve the workability after storage. The presence of additional sodium ions in the mortar was found to be helpful in overcoming the gelation but these tended to lower the refractoriness of the mortar.

A study was made of the base exchange capacities of the dry materials and the material …

A Study Of The Separation Of Wolframite From Tin-Oxide, Chih-Wen Ying

Masters Theses

"A number of mines in china, Bolivia, England, and other countries contain both tin-oxide and wolframite. Owing to the fact that the specific gravity of tin-oxide and wolframite is so nearly the same, considerable difficulty is experienced in making a gravity separation, and all attempts to do so by wet or dry concentration have given very poor results. The perfection of magnetic separators has done much to mitigate this difficulty, so that now complex ores of this nature can be treated in a satisfactory manner. The mixed concentrate from the tables or other concentrators, after being roasted to expel sulfur …

A Test Method For Measuring The Flow In Refractory Materials At High Temperatures, Christen Knudsen

Masters Theses

"One of the most important properties of refractory materials is the ability to resist stress which may either be directly applied or originate in the material. The factors which govern the resistance to stress include the modulus of elasticity, the ultimate strength under different types of stress, and the "flow" characteristics which become of importance when the material is stressed at the temperature at which plasticity is developed. Systematic determinations of the mechanical properties such as modulus of elasticity and ultimate or breaking stress is rather difficult or more or less impossible to carry out at the temperature at which …

The Effects Of Moisture In Grog Upon Dry Pressed Mixes Containing Grog, Charles L. Mckinnis

Masters Theses

"It has been found that the aging of clay-grog-water mixes before pressing proves to be quite beneficial. The purpose of the aging period is to allow the added water to disseminate throughout the mixture of clay (plastic) and grog (non-plastic) in an effort to bring about the best bonding action possible. The clay-grog-water mixture, if not aged, is of a sticky consistency; while, if the same mixture is aged for twenty-four (24) hours, it is readily workable. This process of aging has long been recognized as a "must" in the Ceramic Industry in obtaining mixtures of ideal workability"--Introduction, page 2.

A Preliminary Investigation Of The Titanium-Tin Equilibrium System, James Eugene Reynolds

Masters Theses

"Titanium is estimated to comprise about .63% of the lithosphere and atmosphere. This would render it the ninth in abundance of all the elements, and fourth in abundance of the metals suitable for mechanical and structural uses, being exceeded only by iron, aluminum, and magnesium. It is approximately 400 times more abundant than lead, which is generally considered to be quite plentiful. The chief restriction of the commercial availability of titanium in its pure form has been the difficulty of reducing it from its ores. Several methods have been proposed in the past and recent years, and R. S. Dean …

A Study Of The Retort Zinc Distillation Process, Albert Hoffman

Masters Theses

"The problem of this thesis is to determine the optimum density of packing of the charge to a zinc retort under exact industrial conditions of temperatures and materials as it affects the production of zinc metal. It is well known that the quantity of zinc produced per cycle is benefited by increasing the density of charging, but increased density of packing or charging is limited by the diffusion, through the charge of the gases necessary to carry on the reduction reactions. In commercial practice there is also a secondary limitation dependent primarily upon the rate at which the heat can …

An Investigation Of The Reduction Of Rutile Copper Oxide Mixtures With Magnesium, Tryggve Smedsland

Masters Theses

"It is known that the addition of titanium to certain types of brasses and bronzes gives them additional valuable properties. The copper-titanium master alloy which is the natural addition agent for making these brasses can not, however, be used if it has been made aluminothermically. It appears that aluminum in the master alloy makes it useless for the above purpose. It should, therefore, be worth while to determine if it is possible to produce a copper-titanium alloy by some method which eliminates the contamination by aluminum, and which would give a copper-titanium which could be used with advantage as an …

Properties Of Wire Suitable For The Fabrication Of Wire Cloth, Campbell William Floyd Funk

Masters Theses

"In the highly competative [sic] wire cloth industry, improvement of product quality is of paramount importance. With an eye to the future, the Ludlow Saylor Wire Company of St. Louis decided to embark upon a research program with the hope of improving the quality of their products above already high standards. An industrial research fellowship was instituted at the Missouri School of Mines and Metallurgy at Rolla for graduate research studies of the metallurgical, mechanical and chemical properties of wire as the [sic] pertain to the weaving of industrial wire cloth. Although relatively small quantities of wire are defective, their …

Studies Of Contact Angles On Oxidized Copper Minerals, John Stewart Carr

Masters Theses

"Effective flotation of an ore is the result of several factors: selection of suitable reagents; the proper combination of reagents, processing conditions of the operation proper such as time intervals involved and the machinery used. To focus the investigation on a specific field it was decided to investigate in some detail the behaviour of the more popular collectors toward oxidized copper minerals. This investigation was carried out chiefly by applying contact-angle measurements as obtained with the various collectors on the basic carbonate and oxide copper minerals. This basic information was desirable before carrying out actual flotation tests. There was little …

A Study Of Certain Ferromagnetic Alloys In The Systems Copper-Manganese-Indium And Copper-Manganese-Gallium, Frederick Arthur Hames

Doctoral Dissertations

"In 1898 F. Heusler discovered that certain alloys containing only copper, manganese, and tin are ferromagnetic. Since that time, ferromagnetic alloys have been reported to occur in the ternary systems copper-manganese-aluminum, copper-manganese-arsenic, copper-manganese-boron, copper-manganese-antimony, copper-manganese-zinc, silver-manganese-aluminum, and silver-manganese-tin. Such ferromagnetic alloys containing only non-ferromagnetic elements have come to be called "Heusler alloys."

From the metallographic standpoint, the ferromagnetic copper-manganese-aluminum and copper-manganese-tin alloys have been the most fully investigated of the Heusler alloys. These alloys owe their ferromagnetism to the beta phases in their respective systems. The structure of the beta phase is based on a body-centered cubic lattice.

In view …

Effect Of Chromium, Molybdenum, Tungsten, And Vanadium Additions On The Physical Properties Of 1.4 Percent Titanium-Copper, Edward Palmer Patterson

Masters Theses

"Titanium, an element reported to be ninth most abundant of the elements in the earth's crust, has received very little experimental attention as an alloying element in non-ferrous metallurgy. In copper, titanium produces an age-hardening effect, which makes it of great value to copper manufacturers of fabricated products. Yet, but a handfull of men have investigated the copper-titanium equilibrium diagram, and the titanium rich portion of the diagram still remains a mystery. No work has been done on ternary alloys of copper-titanium to this date, as far as recorded information is concerned, and it is hoped that the present work …

The Use Of Carbides In Refractories, James Adamson Crookston

Masters Theses

"With the new demands being made on the ceramic industry in mind, it was thought that an investigation of the ceramic possibilities of certain high melting refractory materials might prove of interest and value. The high melting materials are the oxides, carbides, nitrides, borides, and hydrides. Since a great deal of work has been done on the oxides, and relatively little on the others, the oxides were dismissed. Of the other groups, the carbides seemed interesting. Of the carbides, the following materials were chosen for investigation: Boron Carbide (B₄C), Zirconium carbide (ZrC), and Titanium carbide (TiC). These materials were chosen …

Ceramic Possibilities Of Some Missouri Clays And Shales, Leonard Nathanael Larson

Masters Theses

"Although many of the shales and clays of Missouri have in the past been, or are presently being used for the manufacture of heavy clay products such as face brick, common brick, sewer pipe, and tile, there is in these post-war years a significant shortage of these products within the state and country. Especially in the northwestern part of Missouri is there a distinct shortage, as only one structural clay plant is known to be operating in that area. The St. Louis and Southeastern Missouri districts are better prepared to meet construction demands, with several structural clay plants operating at …

The Solubility Of Copper In High-Iron And Low-Iron Slags, Charles Burroughs Gill

Masters Theses

"A thesis giving the details of construction of a rotating induction furnace and its use to experimentally determine the amounts of copper absorbed in high-iron and low-iron slags at various temperatures. A rotating induction furnace is advantageous for slag study in that the slag is contained in a molten pure metal cup and does not come in contact with any refractory, which would be attacked by the slag and contaminate it. The molten pure metal cup is formed by melting the pure metal in a refractory crucible and spinning this inside an induction coil. The induction coil supplies heat for …

A Study Of Certain Properties Of A Cobalt-Chromium-Manganese Alloy For High Temperature Service, Robert Lewis Ray

Masters Theses

"The vast amount of attention that has been given to the development of high-temperature service alloys since about 1940 has resulted in the production of numerous compositions for many elevated temperature applications. Particularly in the aircraft industry, with the jet engine, and the power industry, with the gas turbine, have these applications been most demanding. War research has developed a large number of high-temperature service alloys, many of which are in use today, and the alloy ingredients vary widely...it may be readily be seen that there is no one alloy, or one system of alloys which has been developed that …

Beneficiation Of A Zinc Rich Oxidized Ore From Nuevo LéOn, MéXico, Jorge Casas Nieto

Masters Theses

"Rich zinc ores are relatively rare now in this country but are still abundant in countries like México, that have not yet developed all their mineral potentialities. In almost all Mexican zinc districts there has been reported sporadic production of oxidized ores, although until now no specially designed plants have been built for the beneficiation of such ores. Generally the zinc carbonate and zinc silicate ores are hand picked and shipped to this country for beneficiation. The Mexican production of zinc ores has never been steady, because of economic factors such as bad transportation systems and lack of market for …

An Investigation Of Various Properties Of The 60co-40cr Alloy, Roger David Moeller

Masters Theses

"The binary alloys of Co-Cr have had a few practical applications in our modern economy due to their high cost. The only extensive field of application has been developed in recent years in the manufacture of high temperature alloys for such equipment as gas turbines, jet engines, and turbo-superchargers. The use of these materials has been limited, due to their high cost, to small parts such as rotor blades in gas turbines. To reduce cost and to add desirable or eliminate undesirable properties, the binary alloys have, from the beginning, been modified with varying amounts of other metals. The modified …

The Use Of Wetting Agents In Clay Bodies, Nathan Russell Sewell

Masters Theses

"It has been observed that one of the weak points in the present method of commercially preparing stiff mud bodies is the de-airing process, which involves passing them thru a vacuum chamber. Difficulties in maintaining a good vacuum, power costs, and work stoppages due to clogged vacuum chambers, are some of the problems. It was thought that perhaps a very definite contribution could be made in the field of ceramic engineering if some method could be devised for preparing a workable ceramic body of good dry and fired properties without the use of a vacuum chamber. In attacking the problem, …

Rapid Determination Of Alumina In Diaspore Clays, Matthew Julius Kerper

Masters Theses

"The alumina content of the diaspore clay is the index to its refractoriness, so it is important to know the alumina content of the diaspore clay. Diaspore is mined in comparatively small pits and naturally the alumina content will vary from pit to pit and will vary to a considerable extent in the same pit. Since a uniform finished product is desired, the alumina content of each pit must be known and frequent checks run on the output of the pits. Chemical analysis is the standard method of determining the amount of alumina in clays. The main objections to chemical …

Some Preliminary Work On Metaphosphates In Ceramics, John Frederick Burst

Masters Theses

"For a good many years the accepted method of cementing ceramic joints was with a mixture of fire clay grog and a plastic clay binder. This did not prove too satisfactory for several reasons. Usually when enough plastic clay was added to give good workability the vitrification was lowered to such an extent that either excessive shrinkage or excessive bloating occurred, depending upon the extent to which the vitrification point was exceeded...In order to obtain a cement with high strength throughout a long firing range the manufacturers have turned to the addition of various organic binders and inorganic fluxes. Most …

Action Of Diatoms On Clay, Joseph Harvey Renfrew

Masters Theses

"With the recent trend toward the use of higher temperatures and more severe service conditions in the metallurgical and refractories industries there has developed a constantly greater demand for high-alumina clays, that is, clays in which the alumina content is considerably above that of pure kaolinite, Alâ‚‚O₃2SiO₂·Hâ‚‚O. However, the known reserves of good diaspors are so small that ceramic engineers are already turning to basic refractories in order to have sufficient materials for work at high temperatures. Even the slightest reflection on the needs of the refractories industry will show that such substitutions are strictly limited, and possible only where …

The Age Hardening Of Copper-Manganese-Nickel Alloys, William James Barnett

Masters Theses

"The Bureau of Mines in conjunction with their Electrolytic Manganese Alloys program has developed a series of age hardening copper-manganese-nickel alloys having properties which compare favorably with those of copper-beryllium alloys...An unusual and highly desirable characteristic of these alloys is their insensitiveness to rate of cooling from the solution temperature. Air cooled and water quenched samples will have identical time hardness curves on being aged. Instead of requiring closely controlled conditions characteristic of many age hardening alloys, these alloys cannot be subjected to a thermal mechanical handling which will prevent hardening on their being subsequently heated to the aging temperature. …

Ceramic Properties Of The Clays Of The Polo Gas Field, Clarence Arthur Lambelet

Masters Theses

"In Western and Northwestern Missouri there exist many natural gas fields of such limited size and of such great dispersion that it is not economical to utilize their products by the construction of pipe lines to consuming centers. Thus a large source of natural wealth is lying idle. This wealth could be utilized, however, if some manufacturing process requiring large amounts of fuel were located in the vicinity...The availability of fuel is the reason for interest in the area, though an investigation should be made to assure the quality and quantity of the fuel in any selected area. the adequacy …

Flotation Of The Oxidized Ores Of Zinc, Fred Henry Bunge

Masters Theses

"There is no satisfactory method of concentrating the finely disseminated oxide ores of zinc. Gravity methods of concentrating such ores may be used for coarsely crystalline materials in which the zinc material is free at approximately 10- to 35-mesh or coarser. In addition, gravity methods of concentration do not give a satisfactory separation on those ores in which the gangue mineral is small. As a result there is need for a method of beneficiating various deposits of oxidized zinc ores. The two commercially important oxidized zinc minerals under consideration are smithsonite, the zinc carbonate and hemimorphite, frequently referred to as …

A Study Of The Separation Of Feldspar From Missouri Granite, Vernon Louis Kasten

Masters Theses

"The greatest use of feldspar is as a flux in the Ceramic Industry where it is used in the manufacture of abrasives, floor tile, terra cotta, china, and earthenware of all types. It is also used in the manufacture of glass and enamels, and much is used as grinding medium in powdered form because it is softer than the common abrasive, quartz...Missouri Granites are composed of feldspar, quartz, mica, and other materials, which may or may not occur in all the samples. It is the purpose of this investigation to attempt a separation of the feldspar from these other components …

The Examination And Treatment Of Industrial Magnesium Foundry Wastes, Oden Cass Garst

Professional Degree Theses

"The principle forms of magnesium foundry wastes not recovered by industry are fine dusts, such as, sawdust, rotary filings and grindings, and the melting- and refining-pot drosses. The Bureau of Mines has studied waste generation and has developed processes for the treatment of dresses for the recovery of secondary ingot metal and has also developed processes for the mechanical beneficiation of fine dusts. The studies on fine dusts were continued until suitable melting methods for the recovery of ingot metal, approximately meeting the applicable specifications, were developed...Recommendations are made for improved melting methods for magnesium sawdust that increase greatly the …