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Articles 241 - 270 of 2925

Full-Text Articles in Materials Science and Engineering

Integrating Off-Spec Scms Into Plc Blends, George A. Qubty Jan 2025

Integrating Off-Spec Scms Into Plc Blends, George A. Qubty

Civil Engineering Theses - Archive

Off-spec supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) remain underutilized due to variability in reactivity and non-conformance with existing standards. This study evaluates the hydration behavior and fresh-state and mechanical performance of these materials in Portland limestone cement (PLC) systems. One Class F fly ash (FA), one bottom ash (BA), and two calcined clays (HACC and LACC) were evaluated as 20 % replacements to PLC. Hydration behavior was characterized using isothermal calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), while fresh-state and mechanical performance were assessed through flow table, Vicat setting time, load–crack mouth opening displacement (CMOD) flexural testing, and compressive strength testing. HACC increased compressive …

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Controlling Nitrogen Pickup During Induction Melting Of Ultrahigh-Strength Cr-Ni-Mo-V Steels, Kingsley T. Amatanweze, Viraj A. Athavale, Mario F. Buchely, Laura N. Bartlett, Ronald J. O'Malley, Daniel M. Field Jan 2025

Controlling Nitrogen Pickup During Induction Melting Of Ultrahigh-Strength Cr-Ni-Mo-V Steels, Kingsley T. Amatanweze, Viraj A. Athavale, Mario F. Buchely, Laura N. Bartlett, Ronald J. O'Malley, Daniel M. Field

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Nitrogen pickup during air induction melting can result in porosity and a loss of fracture toughness in ultrahigh-strength quenched and tempered steel castings. Nitrogen atoms are easily adsorbed into liquid steel upon exposure to the air, and argon shrouding alone has limited effectiveness. Previous studies have shown that proper charge sequencing and maintaining a high amount of dissolved oxygen in the melt prior to tapping and deoxidation can limit nitrogen pickup in the melt. In the current study, the effect of melt practice and charging procedure on nitrogen pickup was studied as a function of hold time in a series …

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Effect Of Gating Design On Filling And Inclusion Control In An Al-Killed Cr-Mo-Ni Steel, Kingsley T. Amatanweze, Koushik Balasubramanian, Soumava Chakraborty, Viraj A. Athavale, Mario F. Buchely, Laura N. Bartlett, Ronald J. O'Malley, Daniel M. Field, Krista R. Limmer, Katherine M. Sebeck Jan 2025

Effect Of Gating Design On Filling And Inclusion Control In An Al-Killed Cr-Mo-Ni Steel, Kingsley T. Amatanweze, Koushik Balasubramanian, Soumava Chakraborty, Viraj A. Athavale, Mario F. Buchely, Laura N. Bartlett, Ronald J. O'Malley, Daniel M. Field, Krista R. Limmer, Katherine M. Sebeck

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The effect of gating system design on the inclusion population and size distribution in an aluminum-killed low-alloy advanced high strength steel casting was studied. A mold with four different gating systems: pressurized and non-pressurized with side risers, naturally pressurized with a side riser, and naturally pressurized with a top riser, was designed using computational fluid dynamics and solidification software. The design allowed inclusion populations in castings produced with each gating system to be compared during the same pouring event. Samples taken from different positions just below the top surface of each casting were analyzed using an SEM/EDS system with automated …

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Parametric Analysis Of Water Jet Descaling Efficiency Of Reheated Continuously Cast Thin Slab, Tochukwu P. Ojiako, Mario F. Buchely, Simon Lekakh, Ronald J. O'Malley, Richard Osei, Taha Tayebali Jan 2025

Parametric Analysis Of Water Jet Descaling Efficiency Of Reheated Continuously Cast Thin Slab, Tochukwu P. Ojiako, Mario F. Buchely, Simon Lekakh, Ronald J. O'Malley, Richard Osei, Taha Tayebali

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Efficient oxide scale removal is critical for maintaining surface quality and process efficiency in steel manufacturing. This study optimizes water jet descaling by evaluating the performance of flat and rotary jet nozzles under varying process parameters. Using a combined approach of experimental analysis and computational fluid dynamics, it investigates the influence of pressure (138–275 bar), lead angle (0°, 15°, 25°), working distance (50–100 mm), and spray angle (15°–25°) on descaling efficiency. Findings indicate that flat jet nozzles achieve superior performance at short working distances due to concentrated impact forces, while rotary jet nozzles sustain efficiency over extended distances through dynamic …

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Thermo-Rheological And Tribological Properties Of Low- And High-Oleic Vegetable Oils As Sustainable Bio-Based Lubricants, Abiodun Saka, Tobechukwu K. Abor, Anthony C. Okafor, Monday U. Okoronkwo Jan 2025

Thermo-Rheological And Tribological Properties Of Low- And High-Oleic Vegetable Oils As Sustainable Bio-Based Lubricants, Abiodun Saka, Tobechukwu K. Abor, Anthony C. Okafor, Monday U. Okoronkwo

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Vegetable oil-based lubricants have attracted increased research attention in recent decades as sustainable alternatives to conventional petroleum-based lubricants in metal machining. However, more studies are required to fully elucidate the thermo-rheological and tribological properties. This study presents an investigation of the thermo-rheological and tribological properties of different vegetable oils, including low- and high-oleic soybean oil, high-oleic sunflower, safflower, and canola oils. The lubricity, and evolution of viscosity and thermodynamic properties as a function of temperature were investigated to obtain important parameters including the viscosity index, flow behavior index, flow activation energy, specific heat capacity, thermal conductivity, coefficient of friction, contact …

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Microwave-Assisted Reduction Of Critical Metal Oxides From E-Waste Mixture, Kurundu Shavinka Jayasekera Jan 2025

Microwave-Assisted Reduction Of Critical Metal Oxides From E-Waste Mixture, Kurundu Shavinka Jayasekera

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The efficient recovery of critical metals such as tantalum (Ta), manganese (Mn), gallium (Ga), and indium (In) from electronic waste (e-waste) is essential for resource sustainability and environmental protection. This research uses microwave-assisted treatment to investigate the carbothermal reduction of these four specific metals from their oxides in a simulated e-waste mixture, with carbon black serving as both a microwave coupling and reduction agent. Microwave processing is used specifically because it offers a rapid and energy-efficient alternative to conventional thermal methods, with the benefits of intrinsic heating and selective heating of materials. The first experiments centered on understanding the effects …

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Photocatalytic Performance Of Ba₀.₈Ca₀.₂Tio₃ Composite For Norfloxacin Removal In Aqueous Solutions, Raj Mohanty, Swayam Aryam Behera, Asima Subhadarshini, Binita Nanda, P. Ganga Raju Achary Jan 2025

Photocatalytic Performance Of Ba₀.₈Ca₀.₂Tio₃ Composite For Norfloxacin Removal In Aqueous Solutions, Raj Mohanty, Swayam Aryam Behera, Asima Subhadarshini, Binita Nanda, P. Ganga Raju Achary

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

This study investigates the degradation of norfloxacin using a Ba0.8Ca0.2TiO3 (BCTO) perovskite composite synthesized via a simple solid-state method. Variety of characterization techniques, including photoluminescence spectra, powder X-Ray Diffraction, UV-Vis Diffuse Reflectance Spectra, FE-SEM and Fourier-Transform Infrared spectra confirm the structural and optical properties of BCTO. Electrical characterization further elucidates its conductive properties. The BCTO composite demonstrates an impressive 87% degradation rate of norfloxacin, attributed to its reduced electron-hole recombination, enhanced light harvestation, and improved charge carrier mobility. Kinetic studies indicate that the degradation process adheres to a pseudo-first-order model, with BCTO outperforming both pure BaTiO3 and conventional photocatalysts. These …

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Improving The Mechanical Performance Of 45s5 3d Scaffolds Through The Particles Of Barium Titanate Ceramics, Surirat Yotthuan, Usanee Pantulap, Nuttawan Sawangboon, Ornuma Tungsanguan, Ekarat Meechoowas, Kansiree Kaewmorakot, Nathaporn Uthaichai, Theerachai Bongkarn Jan 2025

Improving The Mechanical Performance Of 45s5 3d Scaffolds Through The Particles Of Barium Titanate Ceramics, Surirat Yotthuan, Usanee Pantulap, Nuttawan Sawangboon, Ornuma Tungsanguan, Ekarat Meechoowas, Kansiree Kaewmorakot, Nathaporn Uthaichai, Theerachai Bongkarn

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

Bioglass® 45S5 is widely used in bone tissue engineering due to its excellent bioactivity. However, its low mechanical strength remains a major limitation. In this study, 25 wt% barium titanate (BaTiO3; BT) was incorporated into 45S5 scaffolds to improve mechanical performance and modulate bioactivity. The 3D scaffolds were fabricated using the foam replication method and exhibited interconnected porosity, with average pore sizes of 471 ± 94 μm (45S5) and 598 ± 58 μm (45S5/BT25), closely resembling human bone. The addition of BT increased the density and compressive strength of the scaffolds to 2.89 ± 0.18 g∙cm‒3 and 2.0 ± 0.2 …

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Macro-Encapsulation Of Polyethylene Glycol And Magnetite (Fe3o4) In Concrete As Phase Change Materials For Building Thermal Management, Muhammad Fauzi, Budhy Kurniawan, Anggito Pringgo Tetuko, Timbangen Sembiring, Fanna Nilam, Amdy Fachredzy, Perdamean Sebayang Jan 2025

Macro-Encapsulation Of Polyethylene Glycol And Magnetite (Fe3o4) In Concrete As Phase Change Materials For Building Thermal Management, Muhammad Fauzi, Budhy Kurniawan, Anggito Pringgo Tetuko, Timbangen Sembiring, Fanna Nilam, Amdy Fachredzy, Perdamean Sebayang

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

Thermal management technology is a crucial strategy for reducing energy consumption in buildings by utilizing stored solar energy. This study developed a polyethylene glycol (PEG)-based phase-change material (PCM), selected for its superior physicochemical stability, high latent enthalpy, and environmental compatibility. To enhance thermal conductivity, 20 vol% magnetite (Fe₃O₄) was incorporated into the PEG matrix. The composite was synthesized via an ultrasonic-assisted method (37 kHz, 80°C, 1 h). X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the crystalline structure of PEG and the cubic phase of Fe3O4, while Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) validated the synthesis by identifying Fe–O, C–H, and O–H functional groups. Scanning electron …

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Synthesis Temperature-Driven Enhancements In Bioi Photocatalysis: A Hydrothermal Approach, Sorawit Thueanbangyang, Kittiyaporn Singsumphan, Varunya Atimayulerd, Chutima Nakmuk, Cheewita Suwanchawalit, Montri Aiempanakit Jan 2025

Synthesis Temperature-Driven Enhancements In Bioi Photocatalysis: A Hydrothermal Approach, Sorawit Thueanbangyang, Kittiyaporn Singsumphan, Varunya Atimayulerd, Chutima Nakmuk, Cheewita Suwanchawalit, Montri Aiempanakit

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

Bismuth oxyiodide (BiOI) is a promising photocatalyst for visible-light-driven environmental remediation. However, its photocatalytic efficiency is highly dependent on synthesis conditions, particularly hydrothermal temperature, which governs its structural, optical, and electronic properties. In this study, BiOI was synthesized via a hydrothermal method at temperatures of 120℃, 150℃, 180℃, and 210℃ to investigate the effect of temperature on its photocatalytic performance systematically. Comprehensive characterizations, including X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, photoluminescence and photocatalytic degradation studies, were conducted to analyze crystallinity, morphology, band structure and charge transfer properties. The results …

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The Effect Of Pt And Pd Decoration On Sno2 Slant Nanorods Fabricated Using Dc Magnetron Sputtering With Oad Technique For Co Gas Sensing Applications, Nampueng Pangpaiboon, Thitiporn Kaewyou, Sethavut Duangchan, Kata Jaruwongrungsee, Manatsawee Srirak, Tossaporn Lertvanithphol, Viyapol Patthanasettakul, Tawee Pogfay, Mati Horprathum, Saksorn Limwichean Jan 2025

The Effect Of Pt And Pd Decoration On Sno2 Slant Nanorods Fabricated Using Dc Magnetron Sputtering With Oad Technique For Co Gas Sensing Applications, Nampueng Pangpaiboon, Thitiporn Kaewyou, Sethavut Duangchan, Kata Jaruwongrungsee, Manatsawee Srirak, Tossaporn Lertvanithphol, Viyapol Patthanasettakul, Tawee Pogfay, Mati Horprathum, Saksorn Limwichean

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

This research investigates the effect of Pt and Pd decoration on the structure of SnO2 slant nanorods (SNRs) films produced using DC magnetron sputtering with Oblique Angle Deposition (OAD), as well as their impact on the films' physical properties and gas sensing applications. Pt and Pd were deposited onto the SnO2 SNRs for the same duration of 20 s each. Following deposition, all the films were heat-treated temperature at 400℃ for 2 h. The characterization of both as-deposited and annealed films involved analyzing the physical morphology using FE-SEM and the crystal structure using GI-XRD. It was observed that the structure …

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Microwave Absorption Properties Of Porous Activated Carbon/Nickel Oxide Composites Derived From Coconut Husks, Mohamad Zul Aqiman Shukeri, Nor Zakiah Yahaya, Ezzan Afifah Zainuddin, Nazri Mahmud, Liyana Zahid, Hasliza A. Rahim Jan 2025

Microwave Absorption Properties Of Porous Activated Carbon/Nickel Oxide Composites Derived From Coconut Husks, Mohamad Zul Aqiman Shukeri, Nor Zakiah Yahaya, Ezzan Afifah Zainuddin, Nazri Mahmud, Liyana Zahid, Hasliza A. Rahim

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

Porous Activated Carbon (AC) is a promising material for microwave absorbing materials, showing potential in communication and modern warfare. The study explores the process of creating porous AC from coconut husks using hydrochloric acid and carbonization at varying temperatures, followed by doping AC with nickel oxide to create an AC/NiO polymer composite with varying thicknesses. These composites are compared to AC composites loaded in a paraffin matrix. The dielectric and microwave (MW) properties of the AC/NiO and AC polymer composites at various thicknesses were analyzed using a Performance (PNA)-X Network Analyzer. The study also examines the carbon content and porosity …

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Improvement In Electrical And Energy Storage Properties Of Lead-Free Bnkt-Bt Piezoceramics, Manlika Kamnoy, Supalak Manotham, Pichitchai Butnoi, Sukum Eitssayeam, Piewpan Parjansri Jan 2025

Improvement In Electrical And Energy Storage Properties Of Lead-Free Bnkt-Bt Piezoceramics, Manlika Kamnoy, Supalak Manotham, Pichitchai Butnoi, Sukum Eitssayeam, Piewpan Parjansri

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

The electrical characteristics and energy storage performance of BNKT-BT lead-free piezoceramics were examined. All ceramics were produced via the mixed oxide technique. The findings indicated that the density of this ceramic system varied between 5.61 and 5.83 g/cm3. Conditions with 2.0 mol% (BT=0.02) and 6.0 mol% (BT=0.06) exhibited the largest dielectric constant (er) at both ambient temperature and elevated temperature, with values of 1307 and 4272, respectively. The ceramic sample with BT = 0.06 exhibited the highest values of %strain ~0.13 and a d*33 ~179.65 pm/V. Furthermore, BT-doped ceramics yielded optimal energy storage densities compared to undoped BNKT ceramics. The …

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Optimization Of Indigo Dyeing On Modal Fabrics Using Thiourea Dioxide As An Environmentally Friendly Reducing Agent, Monthon Nakpathom, Buppha Somboon, Nootsara Narumol, Rattanaphol Mongkholrattanasit, Pisutsaran Chitichotpanya, Nattaya Vuthiganond Jan 2025

Optimization Of Indigo Dyeing On Modal Fabrics Using Thiourea Dioxide As An Environmentally Friendly Reducing Agent, Monthon Nakpathom, Buppha Somboon, Nootsara Narumol, Rattanaphol Mongkholrattanasit, Pisutsaran Chitichotpanya, Nattaya Vuthiganond

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

This investigation examines the potential of thiourea dioxide as an environmentally reducing agent for dyeing of natural indigo on modal fabrics. Although traditional sodium dithionite is effective, its sulfur by-products generate environmental concerns. Thiourea dioxide, which provides a more environmentally friendly alternative, was studied under various dyeing conditions. In this study, six dyeing parameters, including thiourea dioxide and sodium hydroxide concentrations, reduction temperature, reduction duration, dyeing time, and reduction-oxidation cycles, were optimized to enhance color strength. Results indicated that the most favorable reduction conditions were achieved when 80 g/L of thiourea dioxide and 2 g/L of sodium hydroxide were heated …

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Eco-Friendly Synthesis Of Flower-Like Hierarchical Structure Of Cuo Nps For Advancing Photocatalytic Efficiency And Antibacterial Applications, Yodchai Tangjaideborisut, Shanmugam Shanmugam, Supakorn Boonyuen, Govindasamy Siva, Prema Yugala, Joon Ching Juan, Choowin Phanawansombat, Atchariya Pitintharangkul, Seerangaraj Vasantharaj, Pornpan Pungpo, Pariya Na Nakorn Jan 2025

Eco-Friendly Synthesis Of Flower-Like Hierarchical Structure Of Cuo Nps For Advancing Photocatalytic Efficiency And Antibacterial Applications, Yodchai Tangjaideborisut, Shanmugam Shanmugam, Supakorn Boonyuen, Govindasamy Siva, Prema Yugala, Joon Ching Juan, Choowin Phanawansombat, Atchariya Pitintharangkul, Seerangaraj Vasantharaj, Pornpan Pungpo, Pariya Na Nakorn

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

In recent decades, environmental pollution caused by organic dyes and pathogenic microorganisms has posed significant challenges to both ecological and public health. Therefore, the development of multifunctional materials capable of simultaneously degrading dyes and exhibiting antibacterial properties is crucial for effective environmental remediation. Combining photocatalytic dye degradation with antibacterial activity offers a promising approach to address these dual concerns in a single process. The present study investigates the copper oxide nanparticles (CuNPs) were prepared by green synthetic method using bamboo extract for degradation of methylene blue and in inactivation of biological pathogens. The green synthesized CuONPs were characterized various spectroscopic …

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Bagasse Lignin For Single-Used Food Packaging Applications: Uv-Barrier, Antioxidant, Migration And Cytotoxicity, Pawarisa Wijaranakul, Bongkot Hararak, Wanwitoo Wanmoolee, Prapudsorn Wannid, Weerawan Laosiripojana Jan 2025

Bagasse Lignin For Single-Used Food Packaging Applications: Uv-Barrier, Antioxidant, Migration And Cytotoxicity, Pawarisa Wijaranakul, Bongkot Hararak, Wanwitoo Wanmoolee, Prapudsorn Wannid, Weerawan Laosiripojana

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

This study examined PLA biocomposite films made from organosolv lignin extracted from Thai agro-waste, specifically sugarcane bagasse (BG), to assess their suitability for food packaging, focusing on their physical, thermal, optical, UV-shielding, antioxidant, and migration properties. Extracted BG-lignin exhibited free radical scavenging ability with an EC50 value of 400 µg/ml, reducing DPPH absorbance by 50%. PLA composite films with BG-lignin dosage from 0.1 to 1.0 wt.% were successfully fabricated via conventional blown film extrusion. Addition of BG-lignin at 0.5 wt.% and 1.0 wt.% to PLA films decreased UV transmittance from 90% to 30% and 12%, respectively, without compromising optical clarity. …

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Enhancing Efficiency And Productivity Of Microbial Fuel Cells For Optimization Of Wastewater Treatment With Bioenergy Production, Diptimayee Pradhan, Krishna Pada Bauri, Debarpita Ghosal, Satchidananda Mishra, Abhijeet Das, Aditya Raj Singh, Akhil Gedela, Kumbhakarna Mallik, Mohammed Hassan Ali Hbag Jan 2025

Enhancing Efficiency And Productivity Of Microbial Fuel Cells For Optimization Of Wastewater Treatment With Bioenergy Production, Diptimayee Pradhan, Krishna Pada Bauri, Debarpita Ghosal, Satchidananda Mishra, Abhijeet Das, Aditya Raj Singh, Akhil Gedela, Kumbhakarna Mallik, Mohammed Hassan Ali Hbag

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

The primary objective is to remove the pollutants from the wastewater streams and reintegrate them into the water cycle, therefore safeguarding the environment and promoting public health. The utilization of membrane fuel cells (MFCs) enables the conversion of organic molecules present in wastewater into electrical energy, while concurrently generating potable water. To optimize the process, it is essential to understand the parameters that affect the performance and the relevant techniques such as electrode materials, microbial collectives, and operating settings to improve the efficiency and performance of MFC. Thus, it aims to present novel ideas that support the real-world deployment of …

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A Review On Recent Progress In Supported Magnetic Nanoparticles: From Synthetic Methods To Applications, Khushboo Dhiman, Ayashkanta Nanda, Navneet Kaur, Manvinder Kaur, Harvinder Singh Sohal, Himanshi Sharma, Meenakshi Verma Jan 2025

A Review On Recent Progress In Supported Magnetic Nanoparticles: From Synthetic Methods To Applications, Khushboo Dhiman, Ayashkanta Nanda, Navneet Kaur, Manvinder Kaur, Harvinder Singh Sohal, Himanshi Sharma, Meenakshi Verma

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

Magnetic nanoparticles supported on various materials have recently gained significant attention due to their wide range of applications across multiple fields such as catalysis, biomedicine, environmental remediation, and magnetic separation. The support materials are essential for stabilizing magnetic nano-particles and enhancing their properties, thereby improving their performance and versatility. This review presents a comprehensive summary of recent advancements and key developments in supported magnetic nanoparticles, focusing on various support materials including silica, alumina, cellulose, charcoal, polymeric materials, and carbon nanotubes. We also discussed why we needed a shift from conventional nanoparticles to magnetic nanoparticles and from magnetic nanoparticles to supported …

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Coating Of Zinc Substrates With Fluorosilane Molecules Using A Water-Treatment Technique As A Pre-Coating Procedure For The Creation Of Superhydrophobic Surfaces, Renz Ronald R. Prieto, Marvin U. Herrera Jan 2025

Coating Of Zinc Substrates With Fluorosilane Molecules Using A Water-Treatment Technique As A Pre-Coating Procedure For The Creation Of Superhydrophobic Surfaces, Renz Ronald R. Prieto, Marvin U. Herrera

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

Superhydrophobic surfaces were successfully created when zinc substrates were coated with molecules with low surface energy through grafting of fluorosilane molecules. The zinc substrate underwent water-treatment technique as a pre-coating procedure to enhance the reaction sites for the grafting of fluorosilane molecules. The water contact angle of the samples went as high as 161.1° ± 0.8°. At lower fluorosilane-ethanol soaking times, water contact angles have lower values while at higher soaking time, it has higher water contact angle values. At 240 min fluorosilane-ethanol soaking time, optimum value of water contact angle was achieved. Fluorosilane molecules are widely distributed through the …

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Sulfur-Doped Carbon Dots Derived From Caffeine: A Highly Efficient Photocatalyst For Organic Dye Degradation, Ganyaporn Wongwaen, Koranut Dechsri, Praneet Opanasopit, Montri Aiempanakit, Cheewita Suwanchawalit Jan 2025

Sulfur-Doped Carbon Dots Derived From Caffeine: A Highly Efficient Photocatalyst For Organic Dye Degradation, Ganyaporn Wongwaen, Koranut Dechsri, Praneet Opanasopit, Montri Aiempanakit, Cheewita Suwanchawalit

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

Sulfur-doped carbon dots (S-doped CDs) were synthesized via a solvothermal method using caffeine as a carbon precursor and sodium sulfide as a sulfur source. Characterization using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), ultraviolet -visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, and photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL) confirmed successful sulfur incorporation. TEM revealed a uniform size distribution and graphitic structures, while UV-Vis analysis showed a reduction in the bandgap from 3.29 eV to 3.10 eV, improving light absorption and charge carrier separation. The photocatalytic activity of S-doped CDs was evaluated for indigo carmine (IC) dye degradation under UV irradiation, where 2S-CDs …

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Comprehensive Study On The Structural And Optical Properties Of Bismuth Manganese Oxide Composite Ceramic For Optoelectronic Applications, P. P. Nayak, B. Swain, R. R. Patro, S. S. Hota, O. P. Das, S. Bhuyan Jan 2025

Comprehensive Study On The Structural And Optical Properties Of Bismuth Manganese Oxide Composite Ceramic For Optoelectronic Applications, P. P. Nayak, B. Swain, R. R. Patro, S. S. Hota, O. P. Das, S. Bhuyan

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

This work assessed the potential of bismuth manganese oxide composite ceramic for optoelectronic applications by methodically examining its structural, vibrational, and optical characteristics. X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy provided the coexistence of Bi12MnO20 (sillenite-type) and Bi2Mn4O10 (mullite-type) phases, indicating a deviation from the ideal perovskite structure and suggesting a complex crystallographic nature influencing its functional properties. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy confirmed the modes of vibration of Bi–O and Mn–O bonds that were contained, supporting the structural composition. UV-Vis-NIR spectroscopy demonstrated strong optical absorption in the 300 nm to 800 nm range, affirming the suitability of the material for optoelectronic applications. …

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Synthesis And Characterization Of Silica Nanoparticles From Solar Panel Glass Cullet, Pathomporn Ussawanawachat, Nithiwach Nawaukkaratharnant, Apirat Theerapapvisetpong Jan 2025

Synthesis And Characterization Of Silica Nanoparticles From Solar Panel Glass Cullet, Pathomporn Ussawanawachat, Nithiwach Nawaukkaratharnant, Apirat Theerapapvisetpong

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

The rapid growth of solar energy as a renewable resource has led to a significant increase in discarded solar panels. Recycling their glass components, especially fine cullet fragments, remains a major challenge due to impurity levels and processing limitations. This study proposes a sustainable approach to recycle solar panel glass cullet into high-purity silica nanoparticles using alkali fusion followed by acid precipitation. Process conditions including cullet to NaOH ratio, fusion temperature, and surfactant addition were optimized. The highest silica yield of 60.26% was achieved at a 1:1.4 cullet to NaOH ratio and 500℃. Polyethylene glycol (PEG 1000) was used as …

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Fem Modeling And Comparative Study Of Graphite Lubricants In The Hot Forging Of Aisi 1045 Medium Carbon Steel, Raschanan Poungprasert, Nattarawee Siripath, Naiyanut Jantepa, Surasak Suranuntchai Jan 2025

Fem Modeling And Comparative Study Of Graphite Lubricants In The Hot Forging Of Aisi 1045 Medium Carbon Steel, Raschanan Poungprasert, Nattarawee Siripath, Naiyanut Jantepa, Surasak Suranuntchai

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

This study investigates the performance of water-based and oil-based graphite lubricants in the hot forging of AISI 1045 medium carbon steel, aiming to enhance product quality while minimizing die wear. Utilizing Finite Element Method (FEM) simulations and experimental analysis, we examined key factors including flow lines, dimensional accuracy, forging load, and die wear. Results indicate that oil-based graphite lubricants significantly outperform water-based options, achieving a lower average error of 0.26% in dimensional accuracy compared to 0.99% for water-based lubricants. Additionally, oil-based lubricants resulted in reduced forming loads, leading to improved energy efficiency and longer die life. Microstructural analysis revealed that …

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Impacts Of Calcination Temperature On The Crystallography, Granulometry And Impedance Of Licomno4, Chee Wayne Tan, Zul Hilmi Che Daud, Zainab Asus, Mohd Hasbullah Idris, Izhari Izmi Mazali, Mohd Kameil Abdul Hamid Jan 2025

Impacts Of Calcination Temperature On The Crystallography, Granulometry And Impedance Of Licomno4, Chee Wayne Tan, Zul Hilmi Che Daud, Zainab Asus, Mohd Hasbullah Idris, Izhari Izmi Mazali, Mohd Kameil Abdul Hamid

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

Spinel structured lithium cobalt manganese oxide (LiCoMnO4) which exhibit reduction potential surpassing 5.0 V (vs. Li0 | Li+) was identified to be one of the prospective cathode candidates for next generation lithium-ion electrochemical systems. This article highlights the significance of calcination temperature on the crystallography of the resultant electroceramic compound as well as the corresponding response on the granulometry and impedance of LiCoMnO4. LiCoMnO4 compounds synthesised via sol-gel reaction in the first instance were converted into xerogel and subsequently subjected to facile one-step calcination protocol. Crystallography of the post-calcinated compounds were characterised via powder x-ray diffraction (XRD) technique. Temperature ranging …

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Effect Of Compaction Pressure On The Structure And Mechanical Properties Of Functionally Graded Aluminium-Glass Microsphere (Fgagm) Foams Produced By Powder Metallurgy Process, Vicheka Moeun, Seksak Asavavisithchai Jan 2025

Effect Of Compaction Pressure On The Structure And Mechanical Properties Of Functionally Graded Aluminium-Glass Microsphere (Fgagm) Foams Produced By Powder Metallurgy Process, Vicheka Moeun, Seksak Asavavisithchai

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

Functionally graded aluminium-glass microsphere (FGAGM) foams were successfully fabricated via powder metallurgy. The influence of compaction pressure on the structural and mechanical properties of the foams was systematically investigated. The study observed that increasing compaction pressure enhanced the green (pre-sintering) density of FGAGM foam, while post-sintering densities exhibited a decreasing trend with higher compaction pressures. The mechanical examination indicated that mechanical properties improved significantly with higher compaction pressures. While higher compaction pressures generally improve mechanical properties, the study identified that excessive pressures could lead to the fracture of GM particles, introducing defects that compromise the foam's structural integrity. Therefore, determining …

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Effect Of Lanthanum Doping On Phase Transition, Piezoelectric And Energy Storage Properties Of Lead-Free 0.93(Bi0.5na0.5)Tio3‒0.07batio3 Ceramics, Pathit Premwichit, Songphop Jaila, Sasiporn Prasertpalichat Jan 2025

Effect Of Lanthanum Doping On Phase Transition, Piezoelectric And Energy Storage Properties Of Lead-Free 0.93(Bi0.5na0.5)Tio3‒0.07batio3 Ceramics, Pathit Premwichit, Songphop Jaila, Sasiporn Prasertpalichat

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

In this study, lead-free (Bi0.465Na0.465Ba0.07)(1–x)LaxTiO3 (x=0.0‒0.04) ceramics were synthesized using a conventional solid-state reaction method. All samples showed a single-phase perovskite structure with pseudocubic symmetry. The dense microstructure revealed a decrease in average grain size as x increased. La3+ addition stabilized polar nanoregions (PNRs), shifting the ferroelectric to relaxor phase transition temperature (TF₋R=104℃ for x=0.0) to below room temperatures as La3+ content increased. This resulted in a transition from a rectangular to a relaxor-like thin P–E loop (x≥0.01), indicating a shift from ferro-electric (FE) to relaxor ferroelectric (RFE), which …

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Structural Tuning Of Bioi Toward Bi O /Agi Heterostructures Via Room-Temperature Ion Exchange For Improved Photocatalytic Activity, Varunya Atimayulerd, Sorawit Thueanbangyang, Kittiyaporn Singsumphan, Ganyaporn Wongwaen, Cheewita Suwanchawalit, Montri Aiempanakit Jan 2025

Structural Tuning Of Bioi Toward Bi O /Agi Heterostructures Via Room-Temperature Ion Exchange For Improved Photocatalytic Activity, Varunya Atimayulerd, Sorawit Thueanbangyang, Kittiyaporn Singsumphan, Ganyaporn Wongwaen, Cheewita Suwanchawalit, Montri Aiempanakit

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

In this work, a bismuth oxide/silver iodide (Bi2O3/AgI) heterojunction photocatalyst was successfully fabricated via a room-temperature ion exchange process using bismuth oxyiodide (BiOI) as a morphology-directing precursor. Building upon our previous work on solvent-modulated BiOI nanostructures, this study employs a chemical transformation route to develop interfacially connected heterostructures while preserving key morphological features. Structural, morphological, and optical characterizations, including X-ray diffraction, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and ultraviolet–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, provided supporting evidence for the successful formation of Bi2O3/AgI heterojunctions with likely close interfacial contact. The optimized Bi2O3/AgI composite with a 50:50 mass ratio …

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Laser Ablation Behavior And Ablation Threshold Of Entropy-Controlled Perovskite Coatings, Shuo Wang, Junyang Lu, Mengqing Zhang, Jiayi Zheng, Tong Zhang Jan 2025

Laser Ablation Behavior And Ablation Threshold Of Entropy-Controlled Perovskite Coatings, Shuo Wang, Junyang Lu, Mengqing Zhang, Jiayi Zheng, Tong Zhang

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

The protection threshold of laser ablation resistant materials lags behind the development of laser power density. Single-functional laser ablation resistant materials can no longer meet the practical needs. High-entropy perovskites with infinite chemical composition, tunable bandgap structure, and efficient thermal management capabilities provide new ideas for developing novel high-reflectivity and low-thermal-conductivity multifunctional laser ablation resistant materials. Herein, leveraging these unique advantages of high-entropy perovskites in optics and thermodynamics, four entropy-controlled perovskite coatings, Ba(Zn1/2Ta1/2)O3 (BZTO), Ba(Zn1/3Ta1/3Nb1/3)O3 (BZTNO), Ba(Zn1/4Ta1/4Nb1/4Ti1/4)O3 (BZTNTO) and Ba(Zn1/5Ta1/5Nb1/5Ti1/5Zr1/5)O3 (BZTNTZO) are designed. Through time-dependent laser ablation experiments, the optical and thermal properties are comprehensively evaluated. And laser ablation behavior …

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Aluminium Oxide Particles-Containing Organogels For Cleaning Of Optical Glass Surfaces, Galina Vladimirovna Lyamina, Oksana Valerievna Dubinina, Alfa Edison I Lela Jan 2025

Aluminium Oxide Particles-Containing Organogels For Cleaning Of Optical Glass Surfaces, Galina Vladimirovna Lyamina, Oksana Valerievna Dubinina, Alfa Edison I Lela

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

Hypothesis:  Some types of cleaning methods are not very effective and can actually increase damage to the optical parts being cleaned. As an alternative to these methods, we propose the use of gel-like substances to remove contaminants from optical surfaces. We have developed a method for cleaning optical glass surfaces that uses organogels, which are based on copolymers of methyl methacrylate and methacrylic acid. These organogels are loaded with polyethylene glycol, and aluminum oxide particles (Al2O3), which help to effectively remove contaminants without causing damage to the surface.   Experiments:  Al2O3 nanoparticles prepared by a Nano Spray Dryer were added to …

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Optically Stimulated Luminescence Dating Of Earthenware From The Nam Tok Khao Pang Archaeological Site, Kanchanaburi, Thailand, Thananan Phetkongtong, Peerasak Klubket, Santi Pailoplee, Pichet Limsuwan, Voranuch Thongpool Jan 2025

Optically Stimulated Luminescence Dating Of Earthenware From The Nam Tok Khao Pang Archaeological Site, Kanchanaburi, Thailand, Thananan Phetkongtong, Peerasak Klubket, Santi Pailoplee, Pichet Limsuwan, Voranuch Thongpool

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

The Nam Tok Khao Pang archaeological site, located in Tha Sao subdistrict, Sai Yok district, Kanchanaburi province, Thailand, is a limestone cave where numerous artifacts, including black-burnished earthenware fragments with in-curving rims, out-curving rims, and carinated bodies, have been discovered. Mineralogical and microstructural analyses using X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) identified quartz (SiO₂) as the dominant mineral phase within a partially sintered silicate matrix. The absence of vitrification and the presence of mineral impurities indicate that the earthenware was fired at temperatures between 900°C and 1000°C. To determine the age of these ceramics, …

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