Engineering Science and Materials Commons^™

Metal Nitrides As Cathode Hosts For Lithium-Sulfur Batteries, Hai-Ji Xiong, Cheng-Wei Zhu, Ding-Rong Deng, Qi-Hui Wu

Journal of Electrochemistry

Lithium-sulfur batteries are considered as one of the potential solutions as integrating renewable energy systems for large-scale energy storage because of their high theoretical energy density (2600 Wh·kg^–1) and specific capacity (1675 mAh·g^–1). Currently, various strategies have been proposed to overcome the technical barriers, e.g., “shuttle effect”, capacity decay and volumetric change, which impede the successful commercialization of lithium-sulfur batteries. This paper reviews the applications of metal nitrides as the cathode hosts for high-performance lithium-sulfur batteries, summarizes the design strategies of different host materials, and discusses the relationship between the properties of metal nitrides and their …

Enhancing Cycle Life Of Graphite ‖ Lifepo4 Batteries Via Copper Substituted Li2Ni1-XCuXO2 Cathode Prelithiation Additive, Jian-Ming Zheng, Jing-Wen Zhang, Tian-Peng Jiao

Journal of Electrochemistry

Lithium nickel oxide (Li₂NiO₂), as a sacrificial cathode prelithiation additive, has been used to compensate for the lithium loss for improving the lifespan of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, high-cost Li₂NiO₂ suffers from inferior delithiation kinetics during the first cycle. Herein, we investigate the effects of the cost-effective Cu substitution of Li₂Ni_1-xCu_xO₂ (x = 0, 0.2, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7) synthesized by high-temperature solid-phase method on the structure, morphology, electrochemical performance of graphite‖LiFePO₄ battery. The X-ray Diffraction (XRD) refinement result demonstrates that Cu substitution strategy is favorable …

Sno2 Particles Embedded Into Carbon Coated Mesoporous SioX Rod As High Volumetric Capacity Anode For Lithium-Ion Batteries, Jia-Lin Guo, Ni-Ni Li, Peng Zheng

Journal of Electrochemistry

Due to the high capacity and moderate volume expansion of silicon protoxide SiO_x (160%) compared with that of Si (300%), reducing silicon dioxide SiO₂ into SiO_x while maintaining its special nano-morphology makes it attractive as an anode of Li-ion batteries. Herein, through a one-pot facile high-temperature annealing route, using SBA15 as the silicon source, and embedding tin dioxide SnO₂ particles into carbon coated SiO_x, the mesoporous SiO_x-SnO₂@C rod composite was prepared and tested as the anode material. The results revealed that the SnO₂ particles were distributed uniformly in the …

Experimental Investigation And Operating Characteristics Of Lhr Engine Using Bio-Fuel Blends With Additives, Suresh R

Theses and Dissertations

The huge energy demand and environmental anxiety are the reasons for the focus on the interest in alternative fuels for diesel engines. This has resulted in a worldwide search for renewable, less pollutant and agricultural-based alternate fuels. Also, attention is given to increasing the efficiency of a conventional diesel engine when operating on alternative fuels. The bio-fuel derived from non-edible oil such as Pongamia oil and Neem seed oil are suggested alternative fuels for this LHR engine.

Diesel engine combustion components viz., the piston crown and liner were coated with Aluminium Titanate thermal barrier coating material. The objective of this …

New Insights Into Controlling The Functional Properties Of Tin Oxide-Based Materials, Alexandra Kuriganova, Nina Smirnova

Journal of Electrochemistry

Development of methodologies for fabrications of nanostructured materials that provide control over their microstructural features and compositions represents a fundamental step in the advancement of technologies for productions of materials with well-defined functional properties. Pulse electrolysis, a top-down electrochemical approach, has been demonstrated to be a viable method for producing nanostructured materials with a particular efficacy in the synthesis of tin oxides. This method allows for significant control over the composition and shape of the resulting tin oxides particles by modifying the anionic composition of the aqueous electrolyte, obviating the need for additional capping agents in the synthesis process and …

A Cnt Intercalated Co Porphyrin-Based Metal Organic Framework Catalyst For Oxygen Reduction Reaction, Pei-Pei He, Jin-Hua Shi, Xiao-Yu Li, Ming-Jie Liu, Zhou Fang, Jing He, Zhong-Jian Li, Xin-Sheng Peng, Qing-Gang He

Journal of Electrochemistry

The poor electronic conductivity of metal-organic framework (MOF) materials hinders their direct application in the field of electrocatalysis in fuel cells. Herein, we proposed a strategy of embedding carbon nanotubes (CNTs) during the growth process of MOF crystals, synthesizing a metalloporphyrin-based MOF catalyst TCPPCo-MOF-CNT with a unique CNT-intercalated MOF structure. Physical characterization revealed that the CNTs enhance the overall conductivity while retaining the original characteristics of the MOF and metalloporphyrin. Simultaneously, the insertion of CNTs generated adequate mesopores and created a hierarchical porous structure that enhances mass transfer efficiency. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic analysis confirmed that the C atom in CNT …

Nanostructured Graphitic Carbon Nitride For Photocatalytic And Electrochemical Applications, Muhammad Abdul Qadeer, Iqra Fareed, Asif Hussaine, Muhammad Asim Farid, Sadia Nazir, Faheem K. Butt, Ji-Jun Zou, Muhammad Tahir, Shang-Feng Du

Journal of Electrochemistry

Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) exhibits great mechanical as well as thermal characteristics, making it a valuable material for use in photoelectric conversion devices, an accelerator for synthesis of organic compounds, an electrolyte for fuel cell applications or power sources, and a hydrogen storage substance and a fluorescence detector. It is fabricated using different methods, and there is a variety of morphologies and nanostructures such as zero to three dimensions that have been designed for different purposes. There are many reports about g-C₃N₄ in recent years, but a comprehensive review which covers nanostructure dimensions …

Investigating Nanomaterials For Improved Barrier Properties In Food Packaging, Alice Njolke Mafe, Great Iruoghene Edo, Patrick Othuke Akpoghelie, Ebuka Chukwuma Umelo, Endurance Fegor Isoje, Ufuoma Augustina Igbuku, Arthur Efeoghene Athan Essaghah

Al-Mustaqbal Journal of Sustainability in Engineering Sciences

This review examines the potential of nanomaterials in revolutionizing food packaging, focusing on their role in enhancing barrier properties and extending the shelf life of packaged foods. Traditional packaging materials often fall short in effectively protecting against oxygen, moisture, and UV light, resulting in diminished food quality and shorter shelf life. Nanomaterials, including nanoclays, metal oxide nanoparticles (e.g., ZnO, TiO₂), carbon-based nanomaterials (e.g., graphene, carbon nanotubes), and biodegradable options like cellulose nanocrystals, have emerged as promising solutions. These materials offer exceptional gas and moisture barrier properties, antimicrobial effects, and UV protection capabilities. The review provides an in-depth exploration of various …

Comparative Analysis Of The Environmental Impact Of Biopolymer-Based And Conventional Plastic Packaging In Food Engineering Applications, Alice Njolke Mafe, Great Iruoghene Edo, Patrick Othuke Akpoghelie, Ogunyemi Ayobami Joshua, Endurance Fegor Isoje, Ufuoma Augustina Igbuku, Arthur Efeoghene Athan Essaghah

Al-Mustaqbal Journal of Sustainability in Engineering Sciences

The paper presents a comparative analysis of the environmental impacts of biopolymer-based packaging versus conventional plastic packaging in food engineering applications. It begins by highlighting the critical role of packaging in food preservation and safety, while addressing the environmental challenges posed by traditional plastic packaging, including pollution, waste accumulation, and the generation of microplastics. The review compares conventional plastics like PET and HDPE with biopolymers such as PLA and PHA, discussing the environmental advantages of biopolymers in terms of carbon footprint reduction, renewable resource utilization, and enhanced biodegradability. A life cycle assessment is employed to evaluate the resource usage, emissions, …

Sustainable Design Perspective Of Offshore Concrete Structures Subjected To Reinforcement Corrosion Within Cracked Structures, Riyadh Alsultani, Ahmed Ashor Al-Saadi, Ali Imad Mansor, Omran I. Mohammed, Sabah Mohammed Abed, Raghda Ali Naser, Alaa Hussein, Fatima Muslim, Haneen Fadhil, Raad F. Hasan, Qahtan Adnan Saber, Zahra Salahaldain, Sepanta Naimi

Al-Mustaqbal Journal of Sustainability in Engineering Sciences

Recent advancements in design methodologies have greatly enhanced the dependable design of offshore structures. However, rigorous validation remains crucial for confirming the efficacy of these designs. Concrete, a material widely used in offshore structures, faces significant challenges under harsh environmental conditions such as chloride ion exposure from seawater. This exposure leads to deterioration of concrete properties and poses a severe threat to the sustainability of these structures. Cracking in concrete, both in new and operational phases, often leads to chloride-driven corrosion of reinforcing steel, which shortens the service life of the structures. This study aims to quantify the depth of …

Mathematical Treatment Of Management Triangle To Be Used Numerically As A Tool In Performance Measuring Of Construction Projects, Aqeel Abdulhassan Husein, Ruqaya A. Muter, Mohammed Lateef Hussein, Mohanad Rasim Al-Owaidi, Fatin Hashim Kareem, Sabah Mohammed Abd Mosehab, Ali Imad Naji, Ali Alrekaby, Murtadha D. Abdullah

Al-Mustaqbal Journal of Sustainability in Engineering Sciences

This study introduces a mathematical treatment to the triangle of management to be used numerically as a tool in measuring the performance of projects in view of the adopted priorities during executing phases of the projects. The actual outputs of construction projects are usually deviated from planned targets by more or less. If a group of projects within a unique attitude are considered , a trend can be investigated representing the biased efforts to one of the three targets : delivering the project on time , in the planned cost and in the specified quality. This study showed that the …

A Numerical Study Of The Effect Of Geogrid On Road Way Reinforced With Layers Of Pavements, Nabeh Alderoubi, Mustafa Abdul Salam Mustafa, Samir Ali Amin, Laith Jaafer Habeeb, Hasan Shakir Majdi

Al-Mustaqbal Journal of Sustainability in Engineering Sciences

The work assesses how streets developed out of many layers of asphalt appear like when placed on the support of Geogrid. Using the principles of computer graphics, the present work presents an improved system of modeling and analysis of the behavior of a multilayer asphalt pavement. Has to be made to determine if the support adequate to enhance flexibility as well as solidity relative to the construction of roadways. As for the elements for consideration, there are usual factors such as soil quality, traffic stacking as well as environmental factors. A slab measuring 200 mm by 100 mm was compressed …

Synthesis Of Durable Sio2 Nanoparticle Coatings For Self- Cleaning Solar Panel Surfaces, Pratima Parajuli

Masters Theses

The demand for innovations that improve the efficiency of solar panels has grown due to an increasing reliance on solar energy as a sustainable energy source. Great effort has been made to increase the conversion efficiency of solar energy to electrical energy. The accumulation of dirt, dust, and other environmental particulates on their surfaces is a challenge faced by solar panel technology. These contaminants can significantly reduce the overall performance of the solar panel. Recently, interest in developing self-cleaning surfaces has risen to maintain the performance of solar panels.To create self-cleaning surfaces, silicon dioxide (SiO₂) nanoparticles are emerging …

Heavy Metals Pollution In Roadside Ecosystems, Lilian Matafu

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Heavy metals refer to metallic elements that are characterized by having a relatively high density and they are toxic or poisonous even at low concentration. They are environmental pollutant owing to toxicity and longevity in atmosphere and ability to accumulate in living things via bioaccumulation. They tend to enter in different system such as food chain. Analyses of water, soil sediment and the surrounding growing plants (Cynodon dactylon and Cyperus species) for selected heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Zn and Cu) were conducted on a roadside pond located at Boko MSB, Dar es Salaam. Pond water, soil sediments and plant samples …

Assessment Of Wind Speed Characteristics And Available Wind Power Potential For Electricity Generation In Tanzania, Mwingereza John Kumwenda

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

The energy demand and its associated crises are attracting significant attention due to population increase and economic growth especially in developing countries. Fossil fuel-based energy source stand as a prominent anthropogenic resource but they are accompanied with increased carbon emissions and heightened environmental concerns. Renewable energy sources such as wind energy can offers a lot of potential for sustainable growth in the energy sector of developing nations like Tanzania. Thus, this work investigated wind speed characteristics and available wind power potential in six selected regions in Tanzania with different topographical features for future electricity generation. The data of the wind …

Principles Of Advanced Manufacturing For Engineers, Xin Zhao, Walid Asad, Subha Majumder, Chenyang Zhu

Manufacturing

No abstract provided.

Integrating Off-Spec Scms Into Plc Blends, George A. Qubty

Civil Engineering Theses - Archive

Off-spec supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) remain underutilized due to variability in reactivity and non-conformance with existing standards. This study evaluates the hydration behavior and fresh-state and mechanical performance of these materials in Portland limestone cement (PLC) systems. One Class F fly ash (FA), one bottom ash (BA), and two calcined clays (HACC and LACC) were evaluated as 20 % replacements to PLC. Hydration behavior was characterized using isothermal calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), while fresh-state and mechanical performance were assessed through flow table, Vicat setting time, load–crack mouth opening displacement (CMOD) flexural testing, and compressive strength testing. HACC increased compressive …

Machine Learning Modeling For Hydrolysis Recycling Of Pet Waste, Jie Li, Lanjia Pan, Hossein Abedsoltan, Hailong Wang, Taiyang Liu, Xiangzhou Yuan, Yong Sik Ok, Yin Wang

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The hydrolysis of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) into terephthalic acid (TPA) can efficiently recycle waste PET, but achieving high conversion efficiency through smart reaction design remains challenging. To develop a robust and accurate machine learning (ML) model for the in-depth understanding and intelligent design of PET hydrolysis, we compiled a new dataset comprising 942 data points and comprehensive information of 44 variables involved in heating type, acid/base catalyst (ABC), organic solvent (OS), co-solvent (CS), phase transfer catalyst (PTC), and operational conditions. The developed Neural Network model demonstrated the best performance in predicting PET conversion, with a testing determination coefficient (R^{2 …}

Identification Of Corrosion Damage, Vibration, And Loose Conections In Aircraft Data Transmission Lines Using Reflected And Transmitted Signals; Formulation Of Vegetable Oil-Based Nanofluids As Cutting Fluids For Mql Machining, Saidanvardzhon Valiev

Doctoral Dissertations

This research presents a novel Frequency Domain Transmitometry (FDT) method that uses transmitted signals (S21) to detect and characterize aircraft data transmission lines (ADTL) corrosion damage without additional reflectometry circuitry. Corrosion experiments were conducted according to ASTM G85-A5 over 14 weeks. Combined FDT and reflected signals (S11) analyses revealed distinct three-peak signatures associated with damage and corrosion. The square root of the Area Under the Curve (AUC) of the FDT damage peak and the Full Width at Three-Quarter Maximum (FW3QM) of the S11 damage peak is correlated with corrosion propagation depth and width. S11 signals were further used for vibration …

Thermo-Rheological And Tribological Properties Of Low- And High-Oleic Vegetable Oils As Sustainable Bio-Based Lubricants, Abiodun Saka, Tobechukwu K. Abor, Anthony C. Okafor, Monday U. Okoronkwo

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Vegetable oil-based lubricants have attracted increased research attention in recent decades as sustainable alternatives to conventional petroleum-based lubricants in metal machining. However, more studies are required to fully elucidate the thermo-rheological and tribological properties. This study presents an investigation of the thermo-rheological and tribological properties of different vegetable oils, including low- and high-oleic soybean oil, high-oleic sunflower, safflower, and canola oils. The lubricity, and evolution of viscosity and thermodynamic properties as a function of temperature were investigated to obtain important parameters including the viscosity index, flow behavior index, flow activation energy, specific heat capacity, thermal conductivity, coefficient of friction, contact …

Development Of Microfluidic Device To Monitor The Contamination In Drinking Water Using Impedance Spectroscopy, Pornpipat Oupchan

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Microplastic contamination is a growing concern, as microplastics have been found in brain tissue and can enter the body through consumption. The objective of this research is to develop a microfluidic device to monitor microplastic particles by using electrical impedance spectroscopy principles. The device operates based on a flow-through principle. The configuration of electrode consists of copper-based cylindrical electrode with diameter of 300 micrometer and a center-to-center spacing of 2000 micrometer. The electrodes are designed to be replaceable. The microchannel has a rectangular cross-section with a width of 2000 micrometer and a height of 1000 micrometer. The microfluidic device was …

การทำความเย็นส่วนบุคคลโดยใช้วัสดุเปลี่ยนสถานะสำหรับบุคลากรที่สวมใส่ชุดป้องกันการติดเชื้อส่วนบุคคล, พรพุทธ วิสุทธิวัชรกุล

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

ชุดป้องกันส่วนบุคคล (PPE) เป็นอุปกรณ์สำคัญที่ช่วยลดความเสี่ยงในการติดเชื้อของบุคลากรทางการแพทย์ อย่างไรก็ตาม การสวม PPE เป็นเวลานาน โดยเฉพาะในสภาพอากาศร้อนและชื้นอย่างประเทศไทย มักนำไปสู่การกักเก็บความร้อนในร่างกาย การระบายความร้อนลดลง และเกิดความไม่สบาย ความเหนื่อยล้า รวมถึงภาวะเครียดจากความร้อน งานวิจัยนี้จึงได้พัฒนาแบบจำลองชีวความร้อนอย่างง่าย (simplified bioheat model) โดยอ้างอิงโครงสร้างแบบจำลองแบบ passive ของ Fiala และเสริมด้วยการตอบสนองทางสรีรวิทยาแบบ active ที่จำเป็น เพื่อใช้ทำนายอุณหภูมิของร่างกายและประเมินความสบายทางความร้อนเมื่อสวม PPE ร่วมกับการระบายความร้อนด้วยวัสดุเปลี่ยนสถานะ (Phase Change Material: PCM) ผลการตรวจสอบความถูกต้องเทียบกับแบบจำลองอ้างอิงของ Fiala แสดงให้เห็นว่าแบบจำลองที่พัฒนาขึ้นมีความแม่นยำดี โดยมีความคลาดเคลื่อนของอุณหภูมิอยู่ภายใน ±0.2°C นอกจากนี้ผลการจำลองยังพบว่า PCM สามารถลดความเครียดจากความร้อนและเพิ่มความสบายทางความร้อนอย่างมีนัยสำคัญในช่วง 60 นาทีแรกของการทำงาน แม้ว่าประสิทธิภาพจะลดลงเมื่อ PCM หลอมละลายเต็มที่ก็ตาม ข้อจำกัดของงานวิจัยนี้ คือ แบบจำลองตั้งอยู่บนสมมติฐานของสภาวะอากาศร้อน (เริ่มต้นที่ 30°C) ทำให้ยังไม่สามารถแทนสภาวะอากาศเย็นได้อย่างสมบูรณ์ อีกทั้งไม่ได้พิจารณาการตอบสนองทางสรีรวิทยาระยะยาว เช่น ภาวะขาดน้ำ ความเหนื่อยล้า หรือความเครียดเชิงกลจากน้ำหนัก PCM ที่เพิ่มขึ้น ถึงแม้จะมีข้อจำกัดดังกล่าว แบบจำลองนี้ยังคงสามารถทำนายอุณหภูมิร่างกายและค่าความรู้สึกทางความร้อนแบบพลวัต (DTS) ได้อย่างมีประสิทธิภาพก่อนการใช้งานจริง จึงสามารถนำไปใช้เป็นเครื่องมือช่วยวางแผนระยะเวลาการทำงานที่ปลอดภัย และช่วยกำหนดปริมาณ รวมถึงตำแหน่งการติดตั้ง PCM ที่เหมาะสม ผลลัพธ์จากงานวิจัยนี้สามารถเป็นฐานข้อมูลสำคัญสำหรับการออกแบบชุด PPE ที่ปลอดภัย และช่วยลดภาระความร้อนสำหรับบุคลากรทางการแพทย์ในสภาพแวดล้อมร้อนชื้นได้ดียิ่งขึ้น

Enhancement Of Mechanical, Structural, And Electrical Properties In Advanced Composites And Vat Photopolymerized 3d Printing Nanocomposites, Poom Narongdej

CGU Theses & Dissertations

Advanced composites have gained significant attention across various industries, including aerospace, automotive, clean energy, and healthcare, owing to their exceptional mechanical properties and versatility. Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites, particularly those reinforced with carbon fibers, are extensively used as structural materials in spacecraft, aircraft, high-performance vehicles, and wind turbines due to their high strength-to-weight ratios, stiffness, durability, and tailorable mechanical characteristics. In healthcare, the advent of additive manufacturing (3D printing) has expanded the utility of advanced composites, enabling precise customization of components to meet patient-specific needs while offering design flexibility and ease of fabrication. Despite these advantages, several challenges hinder the …

Photocatalytic Performance Of Ba₀.₈Ca₀.₂Tio₃ Composite For Norfloxacin Removal In Aqueous Solutions, Raj Mohanty, Swayam Aryam Behera, Asima Subhadarshini, Binita Nanda, P. Ganga Raju Achary

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

This study investigates the degradation of norfloxacin using a Ba0.8Ca0.2TiO3 (BCTO) perovskite composite synthesized via a simple solid-state method. Variety of characterization techniques, including photoluminescence spectra, powder X-Ray Diffraction, UV-Vis Diffuse Reflectance Spectra, FE-SEM and Fourier-Transform Infrared spectra confirm the structural and optical properties of BCTO. Electrical characterization further elucidates its conductive properties. The BCTO composite demonstrates an impressive 87% degradation rate of norfloxacin, attributed to its reduced electron-hole recombination, enhanced light harvestation, and improved charge carrier mobility. Kinetic studies indicate that the degradation process adheres to a pseudo-first-order model, with BCTO outperforming both pure BaTiO3 and conventional photocatalysts. These …

Improving The Mechanical Performance Of 45s5 3d Scaffolds Through The Particles Of Barium Titanate Ceramics, Surirat Yotthuan, Usanee Pantulap, Nuttawan Sawangboon, Ornuma Tungsanguan, Ekarat Meechoowas, Kansiree Kaewmorakot, Nathaporn Uthaichai, Theerachai Bongkarn

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

Bioglass® 45S5 is widely used in bone tissue engineering due to its excellent bioactivity. However, its low mechanical strength remains a major limitation. In this study, 25 wt% barium titanate (BaTiO3; BT) was incorporated into 45S5 scaffolds to improve mechanical performance and modulate bioactivity. The 3D scaffolds were fabricated using the foam replication method and exhibited interconnected porosity, with average pore sizes of 471 ± 94 μm (45S5) and 598 ± 58 μm (45S5/BT25), closely resembling human bone. The addition of BT increased the density and compressive strength of the scaffolds to 2.89 ± 0.18 g∙cm‒3 and 2.0 ± 0.2 …

Synthesis And Characterization Of Silica Nanoparticles From Solar Panel Glass Cullet, Pathomporn Ussawanawachat, Nithiwach Nawaukkaratharnant, Apirat Theerapapvisetpong

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

The rapid growth of solar energy as a renewable resource has led to a significant increase in discarded solar panels. Recycling their glass components, especially fine cullet fragments, remains a major challenge due to impurity levels and processing limitations. This study proposes a sustainable approach to recycle solar panel glass cullet into high-purity silica nanoparticles using alkali fusion followed by acid precipitation. Process conditions including cullet to NaOH ratio, fusion temperature, and surfactant addition were optimized. The highest silica yield of 60.26% was achieved at a 1:1.4 cullet to NaOH ratio and 500℃. Polyethylene glycol (PEG 1000) was used as …

Laser Ablation Behavior And Ablation Threshold Of Entropy-Controlled Perovskite Coatings, Shuo Wang, Junyang Lu, Mengqing Zhang, Jiayi Zheng, Tong Zhang

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

The protection threshold of laser ablation resistant materials lags behind the development of laser power density. Single-functional laser ablation resistant materials can no longer meet the practical needs. High-entropy perovskites with infinite chemical composition, tunable bandgap structure, and efficient thermal management capabilities provide new ideas for developing novel high-reflectivity and low-thermal-conductivity multifunctional laser ablation resistant materials. Herein, leveraging these unique advantages of high-entropy perovskites in optics and thermodynamics, four entropy-controlled perovskite coatings, Ba(Zn1/2Ta1/2)O3 (BZTO), Ba(Zn1/3Ta1/3Nb1/3)O3 (BZTNO), Ba(Zn1/4Ta1/4Nb1/4Ti1/4)O3 (BZTNTO) and Ba(Zn1/5Ta1/5Nb1/5Ti1/5Zr1/5)O3 (BZTNTZO) are designed. Through time-dependent laser ablation experiments, the optical and thermal properties are comprehensively evaluated. And laser ablation behavior …

Downstreaming Of Natural Materials Huta Ginjang Quartz Sand Doped With Nd2o3 For Laser Medium Application, Juniastel Rajagukguk, Jakrapong Kaewkhao

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

The QSBoBa glasses with chemical formula 10 Quartz sand + (50-x) B2O3 + 10BaO + 30Na2O + xNd2O3 (x = 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 mol%) were prepared by a conventional melt-quenching technique. The successfully fabricated glass samples will be analyzed based on their physical, structural, optical and luminescent properties. The XRD and FTIR spectra have been included to observe the complete structural properties. Optical absorption spectra revealed several characteristic transitions, with a prominent hypersensitive transition 4I9/2→4G5/2 at 584 nm, indicating an increasing asymmetry and disorder at higher Nd3+ concentrations. The photoluminescence emission spectra demonstrated strong radiative transitions of …

Crack Development Of Electroplated Niw Alloys And Their Wettability And Tribological Properties, Jidsucha Darayen, Suwat Ploypech, Martin Metzner, Claudia Beatriz Dos Santos, Petch Jearanaisilawong, Yuttanant Boonyongmaneerat

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

This study investigates how sodium tungstate concentration (20–46 wt.%) and current density (40–60 A/dm²) affect the microstructure, wettability, mechanical properties, and tribological behavior of electrodeposited Ni-W coatings. Results show that increasing current density markedly raises crack density (from <100 to >400 cracks/cm²), while tungstate concentration has minimal effect. XRD confirms Ni-W solid solution formation, with higher tungsten content refining grains and increasing hardness—peaking at 900 HV at 50 A/dm² (an 80% rise from 500 HV at 40 A/dm²). However, excessive stress at 60 A/dm² leads to microcracking and hardness plateauing (~650–700 HV). Higher crack density improves wettability (contact angle ~17°), enhancing lubricant …

Upcycled Waste-Derived Triboelectric Nanogenerator For Sustainable Energy Harvesting, Archana Panda, Basanta Kumar Panigrahi, Subhendu Pati, Sunit Gourav Mohanty, Kushal Ruthvik Kaja

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

The proliferation of disposable paper-based materials in laboratories has raised significant environmental concerns due to their rapid discard and accumulation. This study explores the upcycling of commonly discarded laboratory waste, specifically butter paper and polyurethane (PU) foam, into a single-electrode triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) for mechanical energy harvesting. The fabricated device employs butter paper as the positive triboelectric layer and PU foam as the negative layer, with an aluminium tape electrode. Electrical tests reveal a peak voltage of 21 V and current of 47 nA, reaching a maximum power of 438 nW at 500 MΩ load. The TENG demonstrates stable performance …