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2020

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Articles 151 - 180 of 312

Full-Text Articles in Engineering Science and Materials

Modeling The Movement Of A Heap In A Dielectric Sorting Device For Alfalfa Seeds, A. Lee, Z. Sharipov, M.N. Sattarov Jun 2020

Modeling The Movement Of A Heap In A Dielectric Sorting Device For Alfalfa Seeds, A. Lee, Z. Sharipov, M.N. Sattarov

Irrigation and Melioration

This article presents a theoretical study of modeling the movement of a mixture in a dielectric sorting plant for alfalfa seeds. Theoretical studies were carried out using the general laws of mechanics and mathematical modeling of alfalfa seeds, taking into account their physical and mechanical properties. The results of a theoretical study on modeling the detachment conditions of alfalfa seed heap particles and particle dynamics along the casing and pitched boards of a dielectric sorting device are presented. The differential equation with the initial conditions was solved by numerical methods of "Runge-Kutta-Felberg" with automatic step selection. The components of a …

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Conceptual Approaches To Improve Quality Of The Process Of Preparation Energy Personnel For Agricultural Sector Of Economy, A. Radjabov Jun 2020

Conceptual Approaches To Improve Quality Of The Process Of Preparation Energy Personnel For Agricultural Sector Of Economy, A. Radjabov

Irrigation and Melioration

The article highlights problems of training energy personnel for agricultural sector and conceptual, principle and practical approaches to their solution based on goals and objectives outlined in concept of development of higher education system in Uzbekistan until 2030 and Strategy for development of agriculture Republic of Uzbekistan for 2020 - 2030

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About Improvement Of Support Of Innovative Activity Of Higher Education By The State, A.E. Norov Jun 2020

About Improvement Of Support Of Innovative Activity Of Higher Education By The State, A.E. Norov

Irrigation and Melioration

This article provides information on regulatory acts in support of innovative activities in the field of higher education. It is also indicated that the fact that the scientific activities of universities are not organized based on the prospects for socio-economic development of regions, forecasting innovative development based on analysis and effectiveness of innovations, research results, commercialization of scientific developments, and the involvement of talented youth in research, is the reason for the lack of reliable integration of education, science and production. It is necessary to improve the internal system of competitions, programs and projects aimed at supporting the commercialization of …

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Lstm-Based Anomaly Detection For Non-Linear Dynamical System, Yue Tan, Chungjing Hu, Kuan Zhang, Kan Zeng, Ethan A. Davis, Jae Sung Park Jun 2020

Lstm-Based Anomaly Detection For Non-Linear Dynamical System, Yue Tan, Chungjing Hu, Kuan Zhang, Kan Zeng, Ethan A. Davis, Jae Sung Park

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

Anomaly detection for non-linear dynamical system plays an important role in ensuring the system stability. However, it is usually complex and has to be solved by large-scale simulation which requires extensive computing resources. In this paper, we propose a novel anomaly detection scheme in non-linear dynamical system based on Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) to capture complex temporal changes of the time sequence and make multi-step predictions. Specifically, we first present the framework of LSTM-based anomaly detection in non-linear dynamical system, including data preprocessing, multi-step prediction and anomaly detection. According to the prediction requirement, two types of training modes are explored …

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Flooding, Landslides, Wildfires, Air Pollution, And Income: Risk In California, Brittany Bondi, Alyssa J. Kaewwilai Jun 2020

Flooding, Landslides, Wildfires, Air Pollution, And Income: Risk In California, Brittany Bondi, Alyssa J. Kaewwilai

Gettysburg Social Sciences Review

California is infamously known for its likelihood of environmental hazards such as flooding, landslides, air pollution, and forest fires which can be attributed to the natural climate of the area as well as anthropologically influenced climate change. Air pollution also poses potential threats and dangers to the civilians of California as increasing populations and uses of fossil fuels continue to contribute to the growing issue of climate change. The goal of this study was to examine and analyze the geospatial trends environmental hazards in California such as landslides, air pollution, flooding, and forest fires. A weighted test, zone and slope …

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Tension-Tension Fatigue Behavior Of Nextel™ 720/Alumina-Mullite Ceramic Composite At 1200°C In Air And In Steam, Sarah A. Witzgall Jun 2020

Tension-Tension Fatigue Behavior Of Nextel™ 720/Alumina-Mullite Ceramic Composite At 1200°C In Air And In Steam, Sarah A. Witzgall

Theses and Dissertations

Uniaxial tension-tension fatigue performance of an oxide-oxide continuous fiber ceramic composite was studied at 1200°C in laboratory air and in steam. The composite is reinforced with laminated, 0/90 mullite/alumina (NEXTEL™720) fibers woven in an eight-harness satin weave and has a porous alumina/mullite matrix. There is no interphase between the fiber and matrix. The composite relies on the porous matrix for crack deflection and flaw tolerance. Tension-tension fatigue was examined for maximum stresses of 45 – 136 MPa in air and in steam. To assess the effects of the steam environment on fatigue performance, experimental results obtained in air are compared …

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Mechani-Kits Senior Design Project, Jake Utley, Sophie Carson, Vincent Seguin Jun 2020

Mechani-Kits Senior Design Project, Jake Utley, Sophie Carson, Vincent Seguin

Mechanical Engineering

Studies suggest that when designed and executed well, hands-on activities can enhance student understanding of key mechanics concepts. Current products are expensive and typically not designed to meet a variety of learning objectives. Through the Mechanics of Inclusion and Inclusivity in Mechanics grant, the Cal Poly Physics and Engineering Departments are seeking to incorporate new hands-on activities into their courses. Our team has designed three inexpensive ”MechaniKits” to be used in physics, statics and dynamics courses [1]. This Final Design Review outlines our findings, objectives, and final designs for this project. It also explains our manufacturing and design verification plans. …

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Me-Em Enewsbrief, June 2020, Department Of Mechanical Engineering-Engineering Mechanics, Michigan Technological University Jun 2020

Me-Em Enewsbrief, June 2020, Department Of Mechanical Engineering-Engineering Mechanics, Michigan Technological University

Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering eNewsBrief

No abstract provided.

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Calculating Elastic Properties Of Confined Simple Fluids, Christopher D. Dobrzanski May 2020

Calculating Elastic Properties Of Confined Simple Fluids, Christopher D. Dobrzanski

Dissertations

Confinement in nanoporous materials is known to affect many properties of the fluids confined within their pores. The elastic properties are no exception. This dissertation begins with an overview of the relevant literature on ways of obtaining elastic properties of confined fluids. It outlines some fundamental gaps in our understanding. The chapters following address some of these gaps in understanding elastic properties of the confined fluid, in particular, how the shape of the confining pore matters, how supercriticality effects the properties, how an equation of state designed for confined fluids can be used to calculate elastic properties, and if an …

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Fly Ash Based Geopolymer For High Temperature And High Compressive Strength Applications In Aggressive Environment, Aaryan Manoj Nair, Akm S. Rahman May 2020

Fly Ash Based Geopolymer For High Temperature And High Compressive Strength Applications In Aggressive Environment, Aaryan Manoj Nair, Akm S. Rahman

Publications and Research

Geopolymers are the results of geosynthetic reactions between aluminosilicates and strong bases. This results in chemical bonds between aluminum (Al), Silicon (Si)and oxygen (O) composing polymer rings in tetrahedral coordination. These bonds give them widespread useful applications such as high heat bearing ceramics, and base construction material whilst being far more environmentally conscious. The purpose of the experiment is to examine the effect of Silicon Carbide whisker and inorganic glass particles on thermal and mechanical properties of Geopolymers. This study will help understand the effect of various compositions and concentrations of SiO2 in mechanical strength. In this experiment, the …

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Aps March Meeting 2020: Undergraduate-Friendly Research In Soft Matter And Beyond, Vianney Gimenez-Pinto May 2020

Aps March Meeting 2020: Undergraduate-Friendly Research In Soft Matter And Beyond, Vianney Gimenez-Pinto

Title III Professional Development Reports

The in-person APS March Meeting 2020 taking place in Denver during March 02-06, 2020 was canceled in the last minute out of Covid-19 concerns for the well-being of the scientific community as well as the population of the city of Denver and the state of Colorado. Nevertheless, well-planned logistics by the physics community and the APS leadership, allowed attendants to share their findings, presenting their research works to their peers, and continuing the work towards the advancement of science. Given the historical and on-going under-representation of students of color in science and technology at all academic levels, there is a …

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Tympanal Asymmetry In A Parasitoid Fly: Small Asymmetries Produce Big Gains, Max Mikel-Stites, Anne E. Staples May 2020

Tympanal Asymmetry In A Parasitoid Fly: Small Asymmetries Produce Big Gains, Max Mikel-Stites, Anne E. Staples

Biology and Medicine Through Mathematics Conference

No abstract provided.

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Structure, Thermophysical Properties Of Liquids, And Their Connection With Glass Formability, Rongrong Dai May 2020

Structure, Thermophysical Properties Of Liquids, And Their Connection With Glass Formability, Rongrong Dai

McKelvey School of Engineering Graduate Student Theses & Dissertations

Metallic glasses have drawn significant attention due to their unique properties, such as high strength, excellent elastic energy storage capacity, and versatile processability. However, why some liquids can easily form metallic glasses while others donմ is still unclear. Since metallic glasses are formed when liquids are cooled fast enough to bypass crystallization, we hope to better understand glass formation by investigating the structural evolution and thermophysical properties of the liquids as they are cooled toward the glass transition. Multiple molecular dynamics simulations suggest a crossover temperature for the dynamics near the liquidus temperature, which corresponds to the onset of cooperative …

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First-Principles Studies Of Anion Engineering In Functional Ceramics, Steven Timothy Hartman May 2020

First-Principles Studies Of Anion Engineering In Functional Ceramics, Steven Timothy Hartman

McKelvey School of Engineering Graduate Student Theses & Dissertations

Ceramic materials display a wide variety of valuable properties, such as ferroelectricity, superconductivity, and magnetic ordering, due to the partially covalent bonds which connect the cations and anions. While many breakthroughs have been made by mixing multiple cations on a sublattice, the equivalent mixed-anion ceramics have not received nearly as much attention, despite the key role the anion plays in the materials’ properties. There is great potential for functional ceramics design using anion engineering, which aims to tune the materials properties by adding and removing different types of anions in existing classes of ceramic materials. In this dissertation, I present …

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Scalable Synthesis Of Nanostructured Metal Oxide Films Using Aerosol Chemical Vapor Deposition For Energy Storage Applications, Clayton Kacica May 2020

Scalable Synthesis Of Nanostructured Metal Oxide Films Using Aerosol Chemical Vapor Deposition For Energy Storage Applications, Clayton Kacica

McKelvey School of Engineering Graduate Student Theses & Dissertations

As global energy consumption continues to rapidly increase, the need for new technologies to meet this demand in a sustainable way. Renewable sources such as solar and wind power are being increasingly utilized for electricity generation. However, the intermittent nature of these sources requires large-scale energy storage to reliably provide consistent power. Current grid-scale energy storage usually involves pumped hydroelectric systems, which are limited by location, or flywheel systems, which have limited use in high-power low-energy applications. Electrochemical storage solutions, such as lithium-ion batteries, provide robust energy storage that is not limited by location with a range of power and …

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The Development Of All Solid-State Optical Cryo-Cooler, Junwei Meng May 2020

The Development Of All Solid-State Optical Cryo-Cooler, Junwei Meng

Optical Science and Engineering ETDs

This dissertation describes the development of an all solid-state optical cryo-cooler. Crystals of 10% wt. ytterbium-doped yttrium lithium fluoride (Yb3+:YLF) are used to cool an infrared HgCdTe sensor payload to an absolute temperature below 135 K, equivalent to delta T equal 138 K below ambient. This record level of cooling is accomplished with a single stage, in a completely vibration-free environment, with a corresponding cooling power of 190 mW. This milestone is made possible by the design and fabrication of an undoped YLF thermal link that efficiently shields the payload with a non-right angle kink from intense anti-Stokes …

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Development Of Multi-Axial Fatigue Retrofits For Lock Gate Components, Logan Verkamp May 2020

Development Of Multi-Axial Fatigue Retrofits For Lock Gate Components, Logan Verkamp

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Lock gates are essential infrastructure components to the United State (US) supply chain. They create large cost savings and environmental benefits when compared with traditional methods of transport (freight and rail). Because of the large quantity of goods and dependence on these shipping chains, the US economy can be drastically affected by an unexpected gate closure. Unfortunately, many lock gates within the US have reached or exceeded their designed life. Due to the intensity of cyclic loads and the environment, fatigue cracks have become a prominent issue. Developed cracks near the pintle region (a joint which the gate rotates and …

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Chemical And Electronic Surface Structure Of Chalcopyrite-Based Thin Films For Solar Water Splitting, James C. Carter May 2020

Chemical And Electronic Surface Structure Of Chalcopyrite-Based Thin Films For Solar Water Splitting, James C. Carter

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

In recent years, various thin film solar devices have reached markedly high efficiencies on both the laboratory and large area scale. To further evaluate their potential, and help drive device optimization of efficient solar devices, a detailed understanding of the chemical and electronic structure of the surfaces and interfaces is required. It is these interfaces that play a pivotal role in dictating aspects of device performance. Chalcopyrite-based materials, such as Cu(In,Ga)S2 (CIGS) are regarded as one of the most promising absorber materials for use in highly efficient solar devices. In the context of photoelectrochemical (PEC) hydrogen generation, the tunability of …

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Spherical Cavity Expansion Approach For The Study Of Rigid-Penetrator’S Impact Problems, Mario Buchely, Alejandro Marañon May 2020

Spherical Cavity Expansion Approach For The Study Of Rigid-Penetrator’S Impact Problems, Mario Buchely, Alejandro Marañon

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In recent years, Spherical Cavity Expansion (SCE) theory has been extensively utilized to model dynamic deformation processes related to indentation and penetration problems in many fields. In this review, the SCE theory is introduced by explaining the different mathematical features of this theory, its solution, and a potential application to model the penetration of a rigid penetrator into a deformable target. First, a chronologically literature review of the most common models used to study this kind of penetration problems is introduced, focusing on the SCE theory. Then, the engineering model of penetration is presented using the SCE approach. The model …

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Effects Of Polytetrafluoroethylenemicro–Particles On Mechanical Andtribological Properties Of Glass Fiberreinforced Polyoxymethylene, Kunnan Singh Jasbir Singh May 2020

Effects Of Polytetrafluoroethylenemicro–Particles On Mechanical Andtribological Properties Of Glass Fiberreinforced Polyoxymethylene, Kunnan Singh Jasbir Singh

Student Works (2020-2029)

Reinforcing polyoxymethylene (POM) with glass fibers (GF) enhances its mechanical properties, but at the expense of tribological performance. Formation of a transfer film to facilitate tribo–contact is compromised due to the abrasiveness of GF. As a solid lubricant, for example, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) significantly improves friction and wear resistance. The effects of chemically etched PTFE micro–particles on the fiber– matrix interface of POM/GF/PTFE composites have not been systematically characterized. This research investigated the effects of PTFE micro–particles on mechanical and tribological properties of POM/GF/PTFE composites. Since PTFE is immiscible with most polymers, the surface was etched using sodium naphthalene salt dissolved …

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Materials, Micro-Stacks And Related Applications Of Single-Chamber Solid Oxide Fuel Cells, Zhe Lv, Bo Wei, Zhi-Hong Wang, Yan-Ting Tian Apr 2020

Materials, Micro-Stacks And Related Applications Of Single-Chamber Solid Oxide Fuel Cells, Zhe Lv, Bo Wei, Zhi-Hong Wang, Yan-Ting Tian

Journal of Electrochemistry

Single-chamber solid oxide fuel cell (SC-SOFC) is a special type of fuel cells, in which both an anode and a cathode are placed in one chamber. Its working principle relies on the selective catalytic activity of the electrodes towards fuel and oxidant in a gas mixture, leading to the generation of an electromotive force. Because of its unique principle and structure, SC-SOFC has many advantages such as sealing-free, easy stacking, quick start-up and no carbon deposition, thus, it possesses large potential in application. Herein, the principles and characteristics of SC-SOFC are introduced. Furthermore, the SC-SOFC materials, micro-stack design, degeneration mechanisms …

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Syntheses And Properties Of Ta5+ Doped Li7La3Zr2O12, Feng-Feng Peng, Shi-You Li, Tong-Tong Geng, Chun-Lei Li, Shuang-Wei Zeng Apr 2020

Syntheses And Properties Of Ta5+ Doped Li7La3Zr2O12, Feng-Feng Peng, Shi-You Li, Tong-Tong Geng, Chun-Lei Li, Shuang-Wei Zeng

Journal of Electrochemistry

The tantalum ion (Ta 5+) doped garnet-type inorganic solid electrolyte Ta-LLZO was prepared by solid state reaction, and the effect of doping amount on the properties of the materials was investigated. The materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission electron scanning microscopy (FESEM) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). And the cycle stability was tested by assembly of LiFePO4//LLZTO//Li all solid lithium battery. The results show that with the increase of Ta 5+ doping amount, the material appeared to form a single cubic phase structure. When the Ta 5+ doping content became 14.09wt.%, x=0.3, the …

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Preparation And Characterization Of Cathode Supported Solid Oxide Fuel Cell, Xiao-Nan Bao, Guang-Jun Zhang, Shao-Rong Wang Apr 2020

Preparation And Characterization Of Cathode Supported Solid Oxide Fuel Cell, Xiao-Nan Bao, Guang-Jun Zhang, Shao-Rong Wang

Journal of Electrochemistry

A site deficient (La0.8Sr0.2)0.95MnO3 (LSM95) powder was synthesized by solid state reaction as a cathode material. The commercial Zr0.9Sc0.1SO1.95 (SSZ) was selected as an electrolyte material and La0.8Sr0.2Cr0.5Mn0.5O3- (LSCrM) was synthesized by sol-gel method as an anode material. Accordingly, single cells of LSCrM-CeO2|SSZ|3YSZ-LSM95 were prepared by tape casting, sintering and impregnation. The single cell test results for LSCrM-CeO2|SSZ|3YSZ-LSM95 with 0.11 g·cm -2 CeO2 and using CH4 as a fuel showed the power …

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Direct Carbon Solid Oxide Fuel Cells, Jiang Liu, Xiao-Min Yan Apr 2020

Direct Carbon Solid Oxide Fuel Cells, Jiang Liu, Xiao-Min Yan

Journal of Electrochemistry

Carbon is richly reserved in coal, biomasses, and many other nature resources. It is usually used as an energy source through oxygen oxidation reaction. The oxidation is generally realized through combustion which causes serious air pollution. Besides, the conversion efficiency of generating electricity through the combustion process is limited by Carnot efficiency. A direct carbon solid oxide fuel cell (DC-SOFC) is a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) directly operated with solid carbon as the fuel. It can convert the chemical energy of carbon into electricity with high efficiency. The concentration of produced CO2 from a DC-SOFC is so high …

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Research Progress Of Fuel Electrode In Oxide-Ion Conducting Solid Oxide Electrolysers, Ling-Ting Ye, Kui Xie Apr 2020

Research Progress Of Fuel Electrode In Oxide-Ion Conducting Solid Oxide Electrolysers, Ling-Ting Ye, Kui Xie

Journal of Electrochemistry

Solid oxide electrolysers are now attracting much more attentions because they can efficiently produce fuels by electrolyzing H2O/CO2. In this paper, a comprehensive introduction to the recent progress in the development of fuel electrode (cathode) materials is provided. The advantages, disadvantages and development trend towards various cathode materials are pointed out. The key scientific and technological problems in this field are emphasized.

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Development Status And Prospects Of Hydrogen Production By High Temperature Solid Oxide Electrolysis, Wen-Qiang Zhang, Bo Yu Apr 2020

Development Status And Prospects Of Hydrogen Production By High Temperature Solid Oxide Electrolysis, Wen-Qiang Zhang, Bo Yu

Journal of Electrochemistry

Solid oxide electrolysis cell is an advanced energy conversion device with high efficiency, simplicity, flexibility, and environmental friendliness. It is currently a research hotspot in the international energy field. This paper introduces and analyzes the basic principles, key materials, system components and developments of solid oxidation electrolysis cells. Furthermore, the recent research progresses, challenges and future development directions in solid oxidation electrolysis cells in the field of high-efficiency hydrogen production are summarized and outlined.

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Nio@Rgo Supported Palladium And Silver Nanoparticles As Electrocatalysts For Oxygen Reduction Reaction, Shuo Yao, Tai-Zhong Huang, Rizwan Haider, Heng-Yi Fang, Jie-Mei Yu, Zhan-Kun Jiang, Dong Liang, Yue Sun, Xian-Xia Yuan Apr 2020

Nio@Rgo Supported Palladium And Silver Nanoparticles As Electrocatalysts For Oxygen Reduction Reaction, Shuo Yao, Tai-Zhong Huang, Rizwan Haider, Heng-Yi Fang, Jie-Mei Yu, Zhan-Kun Jiang, Dong Liang, Yue Sun, Xian-Xia Yuan

Journal of Electrochemistry

For pervasive applications of fuel cells, highly efficient and economical materials are required to replace Pt-based catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). In this study, the NiO@rGO, Pd-NiO@rGO and Ag-NiO@rGO nanoparticles were synthesized, and their catalytic performances toward ORR were investigated. The results revealed that all the three materials were capable of catalyzing ORR, but both the Pd-NiO@rGO and Ag-NiO@rGO showed the better performances compared with the NiO@rGO in terms of the reaction pathway being 4-electron process, the increases of the onset potential and the intermediate yielding rate, as well as the extended stability. Moreover, the effect of Pd modification …

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Recent Advances Of Co2 Electrochemical Reduction In Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells, Yi-Hang Li, Chang-Rong Xia Apr 2020

Recent Advances Of Co2 Electrochemical Reduction In Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells, Yi-Hang Li, Chang-Rong Xia

Journal of Electrochemistry

Solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs) have stimulated wide interests for their promising application in the reduction of CO2 emissions and the storage of renewable energy. Here, the advances made in the development of cathode materials including cermets and perovskite oxides in our research group, are summarized, along with the design of cell configurations. The electrochemical kinetics and performances of cathodes and cells are discussed and analyzed. It is expected that this brief review offers critical insights and useful guidelines for developing superior electrodes and SOECs in the future.

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Perovskite Catalysts For Fuel Reforming In Sofc:A Review And Perspective, Tong Wei, Jian Li, Li-Chao Jia, Bo Chi, Jian Pu Apr 2020

Perovskite Catalysts For Fuel Reforming In Sofc:A Review And Perspective, Tong Wei, Jian Li, Li-Chao Jia, Bo Chi, Jian Pu

Journal of Electrochemistry

Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is a generating device by electrochemical reaction to transfer the chemical energy of fossil fuels (coal, oil and gas, etc.), the biomass fuel or other hydrocarbon fuels directly into electricity with higher energy conversion efficiency and lower pollution, which is recognized to be efficient green energy technology in the 21st century. However, when hydrocarbons are directly used as fuel, carbon deposition is easy to occur in nickel-based anode, thus, losing electrochemical catalytic activity. Fuel pre-reforming on the outside of the anode is an effective solution, which strongly relies on highly efficient and stable reforming catalysts. …

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Research Progress In Ethane Dehydrogenation To Cogenerate Power And Value-Added Chemicals In Solid Oxide Fuel Cells, Yun Fan, Qi Wang, Jun Li, Jing-Li Luo, Xian-Zhu Fu Apr 2020

Research Progress In Ethane Dehydrogenation To Cogenerate Power And Value-Added Chemicals In Solid Oxide Fuel Cells, Yun Fan, Qi Wang, Jun Li, Jing-Li Luo, Xian-Zhu Fu

Journal of Electrochemistry

Increasing supplies of methane/shale gas have promoted global development of higher value chemicals such as ethylene production by ethane, which dramatically changes the markets of petrochemical industry. Clean and efficient transformation of ethane into higher value chemicals has far-reaching significance. Ethylene production through ethane steam cracking is a relatively matured technology for industrial production. However, the process consumes large amounts of energy and the presence of carbon deposition becomes a serious problem which is difficult to be solved. The cogenerated energy-chemicals solid oxide fuel cells have been widely studied because fuel gas can be converted into high-value chemicals via spontaneous …

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