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Articles 1 - 30 of 74
Full-Text Articles in Systems and Communications
An Empirical Evaluation Of Communication Technologies And Quality Of Delivery Measurement In Networked Microgrids, Ruairí De Fréin, Yasin Emir Kutlu
An Empirical Evaluation Of Communication Technologies And Quality Of Delivery Measurement In Networked Microgrids, Ruairí De Fréin, Yasin Emir Kutlu
Articles
Networked microgrids (NMG) are gaining popularity as an example of smartgrids (SG), where power networks are integrated with communication technologies. Communication technologies enable NMGs to be monitored and controlled via communication networks. However, ensuring that communication networks in NMGs satisfy quality of delivery (QoD) metrics such as the round trip time (RTT) of NMG control data is necessary. This paper addresses the communication network types and communication technologies used in NMGs. We present various NMG deployments to demonstrate real-life applicability in different contexts. We develop a real-time NMG testbed using real hardware such as Cisco 4331 Integrated Services Routers (ISR). …
Sustainable Mobility: Machine Learning-Driven Deployment Of Ev Charging Points In Dublin, Ruairí De Fréin, Alexander Mutiso Mutua Mr
Sustainable Mobility: Machine Learning-Driven Deployment Of Ev Charging Points In Dublin, Ruairí De Fréin, Alexander Mutiso Mutua Mr
Articles
Electric vehicle (EV) drivers in urban areas face range anxiety due to the fear of running out of charge without timely access to charging points (CPs). The lack of sufficient numbers of CPs has hindered EV adoption and negatively impacted the progress of sustainable mobility. We propose a CP distribution algorithm that is machine learning-based and leverages population density, points of interest (POIs), and the most used roads as input parameters to determine the best locations for deploying CPs. The objects of the following research are as follows: (1) to allocate weights to the three parameters in a $6$ km …
Pvpbc: Privacy- And Verifiability-Preserving E-Voting Based On Permissioned Blockchain, Muntadher Sallal, Ruairí De Fréin, Ali Malik
Pvpbc: Privacy- And Verifiability-Preserving E-Voting Based On Permissioned Blockchain, Muntadher Sallal, Ruairí De Fréin, Ali Malik
Articles
Privacy and verifiability are crucial security requirements in e-voting systems and combining them is considered to be a challenge given that they seem to be contradictory. On one hand, privacy means that cast votes cannot be traced to the corresponding voters. On the other hand, linkability of voters and their votes is a requirement of verifiability which has the consequence that a voter is able to check their vote in the election result. These two contradictory features can be addressed by adopting privacy-preserving cryptographic primitives, which at the same time as achieving privacy, achieve verifiability. Many end-to-end schemes that support …
Exploiting Multimode Antennas For Mimo And Aoa Estimation In Size-Constrained Iot Devices, Abel Zandamela, Alessandro Chiumento Alessandro Chiumento, Alessandro Chiumento, Nicola Marchetti, Max Ammann, Adam Narbudowicz
Exploiting Multimode Antennas For Mimo And Aoa Estimation In Size-Constrained Iot Devices, Abel Zandamela, Alessandro Chiumento Alessandro Chiumento, Alessandro Chiumento, Nicola Marchetti, Max Ammann, Adam Narbudowicz
Articles
This work proposes compact multimode Multiple-Input–Multiple-Output (MIMO) antennas for Angle of Arrival (AoA) estimation in miniaturized Internet of Things (IoT) systems. The method excites different orthogonal radiating modes (TM 21 , TM 02 , and TM 31 modes) for beamforming capabilities, and the AoA performance is investigated using the Multiple Signal Classification (MUSIC) algorithm, executed using numerical and experimental data. The technique is tested at 2.238GHz , while using an antenna diameter
Survey Of Routing Techniques-Based Optimization Of Energy Consumption In Sd-Dcn, Mohammed Nsaif, Gergely Kovásznai, Ali Malik, Ruairí De Fréin
Survey Of Routing Techniques-Based Optimization Of Energy Consumption In Sd-Dcn, Mohammed Nsaif, Gergely Kovásznai, Ali Malik, Ruairí De Fréin
Articles
The increasing power consumption of Data Center Networks (DCN) is becoming a major concern for network operators. The object of this paper is to provide a survey of state-of-the-art methods for reducing energy consumption via (1) enhanced scheduling and (2) enhanced aggregation of traffic flows using Software-Defined Networks (SDN), focusing on the advantages and disadvantages of these approaches. We tackle a gap in the literature for a review of SDN-based energy saving techniques and discuss the limitations of multi-controller solutions in terms of constraints on their performance. The main finding of this survey paper is that the two classes of …
Evaluating Large Delay Estimation Techniques For Assisted Living Environments, Swarnadeep Bagchi, Ruairí De Fréin
Evaluating Large Delay Estimation Techniques For Assisted Living Environments, Swarnadeep Bagchi, Ruairí De Fréin
Articles
Abstract Phase wraparound due to large inter-sensor spacings in multi-channel demixing limits the range of relative delays that many time–frequency relative delay estimators can estimate. The performance of a large relative delay estimation method, called the elevatogram, is evaluated in the presence of significant phase wraparound. This paper compares the elevatogram with the popular relative delay estimator used in DUET and the brute-force approach in D-AdRess and analyses its computational efficiency. The elevatogram can accurately estimate relative delays of speech signals of up to 800 samples, whereas DUET and D-AdRess were limited to delays of 7 and 35 samples, given …
An Empirical Comparison Of The Security And Performance Characteristics Of Topology Formation Algorithms For Bitcoin Networks, Muntadher Sallal, Ruairí De Fréin, Ali Malik, Benjamin Aziz
An Empirical Comparison Of The Security And Performance Characteristics Of Topology Formation Algorithms For Bitcoin Networks, Muntadher Sallal, Ruairí De Fréin, Ali Malik, Benjamin Aziz
Articles
There is an increasing demand for digital crypto-currencies to be more secure and robust to meet the following business requirements: (1) low transaction fees and (2) the privacy of users. Nowadays, Bitcoin is gaining traction and wide adoption. Many well-known businesses have begun accepting bitcoins as a means of making financial payments. However, the susceptibility of Bitcoin networks to information propagation delay, increases the vulnerability to attack of the Bitcoin network, and decreases its throughput performance. This paper introduces and critically analyses new network clustering methods, named Locality Based Clustering (LBC), Ping Time Based Approach (PTBC), Super Node Based Clustering …
Load-Adjusted Prediction For Proactive Resource Management And Video Server Demand Profiling, Obinna Izima, Ruairí De Fréin
Load-Adjusted Prediction For Proactive Resource Management And Video Server Demand Profiling, Obinna Izima, Ruairí De Fréin
Articles
To lower costs associated with providing cloud resources, a network manager would like to estimate how busy the servers will be in the near future. This is a necessary input in deciding whether to scale up or down computing requirements. We formulate the problem of estimating cloud computational requirements as an integrated framework comprising of a learning and an action stage. In the learning stage, we use Machine Learning (ML) models to predict the video Quality of Delivery (QoD) metric for cloud-hosted servers and use the knowledge gained from the process to make resource management decisions during the action stage. …
Soft-Mask De-Mixing For Anechoic Mixtures, Swarnadeep Bagchi, Ruairí De Fréin
Soft-Mask De-Mixing For Anechoic Mixtures, Swarnadeep Bagchi, Ruairí De Fréin
Articles
This paper extends a computationally efficient, soft-mask based source separation (SS) technique called Redress, to anechoic mixing scenarios. SS methods are an integral part of hearing aid research. We call the resulting method D-Redress. In its original form, Redress was intended for instantaneous mixing scenarios. Numerical evaluations demonstrate that soft-mask based techniques reduce the level of artifacts in the separated speech. Monte Carlo trials on 1000 real speech mixtures demonstrate that the D-Redress successfully extends Redress in terms of Overall-Perceptual (OPS), Target-Perceptual (TPS) scores and Human-Ear Intelligibility (HEI).
Graph-Based Heuristic Solution For Placing Distributed Video Processing Applications On Moving Vehicle Clusters, Kanika Sharma, Bernard Butler, Brendan Jennings
Graph-Based Heuristic Solution For Placing Distributed Video Processing Applications On Moving Vehicle Clusters, Kanika Sharma, Bernard Butler, Brendan Jennings
Articles
Vehicular fog computing (VFC) is envisioned as an extension of cloud and mobile edge computing to utilize the rich sensing and processing resources available in vehicles. We focus on slow-moving cars that spend a significant time in urban traffic congestion as a potential pool of onboard sensors, video cameras, and processing capacity. For leveraging the dynamic network and processing resources, we utilize a stochastic mobility model to select nodes with similar mobility patterns. We then design two distributed applications that are scaled in real-time and placed as multiple instances on selected vehicular fog nodes. We handle the unstable vehicular environment …
Ml-Based Online Traffic Classification For Sdns, Mohammed Nsaif, Gergely Kovasznai, Mohammed Abboosh, Ali Malik, Ruairí De Fréin
Ml-Based Online Traffic Classification For Sdns, Mohammed Nsaif, Gergely Kovasznai, Mohammed Abboosh, Ali Malik, Ruairí De Fréin
Articles
Traffic classification is a crucial aspect for Software-Defined Networking functionalities. This paper is a part of an on-going project aiming at optimizing power consumption in the environment of software-defined datacenter networks. We have developed a novel routing strategy that can blindly balance between the power consumption and the quality of service for the incoming traffic flows. In this paper, we demonstrate how to classify the network traffic flows so that the quality of service of each flow-class can be guaranteed efficiently. This is achieved by creating a dataset that encompasses different types of network traffic such as video, VoIP, game …
Detecting Iot Attacks Using An Ensemble Machine Learning Model, Vikas Tomar, Sachin Sharma
Detecting Iot Attacks Using An Ensemble Machine Learning Model, Vikas Tomar, Sachin Sharma
Articles
Malicious attacks are becoming more prevalent due to the growing use of Internet of Things (IoT) devices in homes, offices, transportation, healthcare, and other locations. By incorporating fog computing into IoT, attacks can be detected in a short amount of time, as the distance between IoT devices and fog devices is smaller than the distance between IoT devices and the cloud. Machine learning is frequently used for the detection of attacks due to the huge amount of data available from IoT devices. However, the problem is that fog devices may not have enough resources, such as processing power and memory, …
Measurement Of Orientation And Distance Change Using Circularly Polarized Uwb Signals, Janusz Przewocki, Max Ammann, Adam Narbudowicz
Measurement Of Orientation And Distance Change Using Circularly Polarized Uwb Signals, Janusz Przewocki, Max Ammann, Adam Narbudowicz
Articles
The article proposes methodology to use circularly polarized (CP) ultra-wideband (UWB) signals for simultaneous measurement of orientation and distance changes between transmitter and receiver. The proposed technique uses the rotational Doppler effect on CP pulsed communication. The amplitude of a CP signal is immune to polarization misalignment in the presence of rotation; however, the phase is subjected to a frequency-invariant shift proportional to the rotation angle. This significantly distorts the pulse shape in the time domain and can be used for the measurement of the rotated angle. By combining the technique with the well-known localization capability of UWB systems, one …
Rss-Based Indoor Localization System With Single Base Station, Samir Salem Al-Bawri, Mohammad Tariqul Islam, Mandeep Jit Singh, Mohd Faizal Jamlos, Adam Narbudowicz, Max Ammann, Dominique M.M.P. Schreurs
Rss-Based Indoor Localization System With Single Base Station, Samir Salem Al-Bawri, Mohammad Tariqul Islam, Mandeep Jit Singh, Mohd Faizal Jamlos, Adam Narbudowicz, Max Ammann, Dominique M.M.P. Schreurs
Articles
The paper proposes an Indoor Localization System (ILS) which uses only one fixed Base Station (BS) with simple non-reconfigurable antennas. The proposed algorithm measures Received Signal Strength (RSS) and maps it to the location in the room by estimating signal strength of a direct line of sight (LOS) signal and signal of the first order reflection from the wall. The algorithm is evaluated through both simulations and empirical measurements in a furnished open space office, sampling 21 different locations in the room. It is demonstrated the system can identify user’s real-time location with a maximum estimation error below 0.7 m …
Energy-Efficient Dynamic Directional Modulation With Electrically Small Antennas, Adam Narbudowicz, Abel Zandamela, Nicola Marchetti, Max Ammann
Energy-Efficient Dynamic Directional Modulation With Electrically Small Antennas, Adam Narbudowicz, Abel Zandamela, Nicola Marchetti, Max Ammann
Articles
This letter proposes a compact and energy-efficient directional modulation scheme for small and power constrained devices (e.g., Internet of Things wireless sensors). The scheme uses a uniform circular array of monopole antennas, with a single radiofrequency chain and antenna active at a time. The antennas can be located in close proximity, offering significant size reduction. Furthermore, the schemewas demonstrated to operate successfully with an array of 0.6 λ diameter. The system does not generate additional artificial noise, limiting interference to other systems. Finally, the antenna switching sequence can be randomly generated and without fine-tuned synchronization with the transmitter.
Virtual Network Function Embedding Under Nodal Outage Using Deep Q-Learning, Swarna Bindu Chetty, Hamed Ahmadi, Sachin Sharma, Avishek Nag
Virtual Network Function Embedding Under Nodal Outage Using Deep Q-Learning, Swarna Bindu Chetty, Hamed Ahmadi, Sachin Sharma, Avishek Nag
Articles
With the emergence of various types of applications such as delay-sensitive applications, future communication networks are expected to be increasingly complex and dynamic. Network Function Virtualization (NFV) provides the necessary support towards efficient management of such complex networks, by virtualizing network functions and placing them on shared commodity servers. However, one of the critical issues in NFV is the resource allocation for the highly complex services; moreover, this problem is classified as an NP-Hard problem. To solve this problem, our work investigates the potential of Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) as a swift yet accurate approach (as compared to integer linear …
Near-Field Propagation Analysis For Vivaldi Antenna Design: Insight Into The Propagation Process For Optimizing The Directivity, Integrity Of Signal Transmission, And Efficiency, Ha Hoang, Matthias John, Patrick Mcevoy, Max Ammann
Near-Field Propagation Analysis For Vivaldi Antenna Design: Insight Into The Propagation Process For Optimizing The Directivity, Integrity Of Signal Transmission, And Efficiency, Ha Hoang, Matthias John, Patrick Mcevoy, Max Ammann
Articles
Refined optimization of complex curve–linear-shaped radiators, such as traveling-wave Vivaldi antennas, can be achieved by considering simulated near fields to interpret in detail the structural influences of a design. The relationships between the space and time distributions of electromagnetic (EM) energy clusters and the geometric features are revealed with appropriate use of impulse response analysis combined with the multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm. This article reports a deeper approach when applied to the adjustment of the geometric features of a traveling-wave antenna based on an analysis of near-field propagation features.
Rapid Restoration Techniques For Software-Defined Networks, Ali Malik, Ruairí De Fréin, Benjamin Aziz
Rapid Restoration Techniques For Software-Defined Networks, Ali Malik, Ruairí De Fréin, Benjamin Aziz
Articles
There is increasing demand in modern day business applications for communication networks to be robust and reliable due to the complexity and critical nature of such applications. As such, data delivery is expected to be reliable and secure even in the harshest of environments. Software-Defined Networking (SDN) is gaining traction as a promising approach for designing network architectures which are robust and flexible. One reason for this is that separating the data plane from the control plane, increases the controller’s ability to configure the network rapidly. When network failure events occur, the network manager may trade-off the optimality of the …
Calibration To Mitigate Near-Field Antennas Effects For A Mimo Radar Imaging System, Ha Hoang, Matthias John, Patrick Mcevoy, Max Ammann
Calibration To Mitigate Near-Field Antennas Effects For A Mimo Radar Imaging System, Ha Hoang, Matthias John, Patrick Mcevoy, Max Ammann
Articles
A calibration method for a high-resolution hybrid MIMO turntable radar imaging system is presented. A line of small metal spheres is employed as a test pattern in the calibration process to measure the position shift caused by undesired antenna effects. The unwanted effects in the antenna near-field responses are analysed, modelled and significantly mitigated based on the symmetry and differences in the responses of the MIMO configuration.
Ka-Band Planar Vivaldi Antenna With A Core For High-Gain, Manh Ha Hoang, Kansheng Yang, Matthias John, Patrick Mcevoy, Max Ammann
Ka-Band Planar Vivaldi Antenna With A Core For High-Gain, Manh Ha Hoang, Kansheng Yang, Matthias John, Patrick Mcevoy, Max Ammann
Articles
A planar Vivaldi antenna structure with a core element is proposed for high gain. Techniques to achieve a significant gain improvement over the full Ka (24-40 GHz) band are implemented; including a frequency-independent excitation method, the introduction of logarithmic ripple on the lateral edges and enclosing the antenna in a dielectric material.
Qoe Enhancement In Next Generation Wireless Ecosystems: A Machine Learning Approach, Eva Ibarrola, Mark Davis, Camille Voisin, Ciara Close, Leire Cristobo
Qoe Enhancement In Next Generation Wireless Ecosystems: A Machine Learning Approach, Eva Ibarrola, Mark Davis, Camille Voisin, Ciara Close, Leire Cristobo
Articles
Next-generation wireless ecosystems are expected to comprise heterogeneous technologies and diverse deployment scenarios. Ensuring quality of service (QoS) will be one of the major challenges on account of a variety of factors that are beyond the control of network and service providers in these environments. In this context, ITU-T is working on defining new Recommendations related to QoS and users' quality of experience (QoE) for the 5G era. Considering the new ITU-T QoS framework, we propose a methodology to develop a global QoS management model for next generation wireless ecosystems taking advantage of big data and machine learning (ML). The …
Compact Broadband Triple-Ring Five-Port Reflectometer For Microwave Brain Imaging Applications, Toufiq Md Hossain, Mohd Faizal Jamlos, Mohd Aminudin Jamlos, Ping Jack Shoh, Siti Zuraidah Ibrahim, Muammar Mohamad Isa, Dominque M.M.-P. Schreurs, Adam Narbudowicz, Mohd Fairusham Ghazali
Compact Broadband Triple-Ring Five-Port Reflectometer For Microwave Brain Imaging Applications, Toufiq Md Hossain, Mohd Faizal Jamlos, Mohd Aminudin Jamlos, Ping Jack Shoh, Siti Zuraidah Ibrahim, Muammar Mohamad Isa, Dominque M.M.-P. Schreurs, Adam Narbudowicz, Mohd Fairusham Ghazali
Articles
The broadband five-port refectometer (FPR) is proposed using a triple-ring based technique. The design introduces a tapering in the inter-ring transmission lines (TLs), which provides additional degrees of freedom for optimization and contributes to increased bandwidth. The miniaturization strategy allows incorporating the third ring without signifcant size increase. In addition, a method for expressing the effective physical dimension of a planar symmetric FPR is also presented in an easily comprehensible way, which can be implemented for other symmetric planar junctions with more than four ports. The proposed design comprises three concentric rings with phase-shifting arrangements between the inter-ring TLs and …
Low-Cost Multimode Patch Antenna For Dual Mimo And Enhanced Localization Use, Adam Narbudowicz, Max Ammann
Low-Cost Multimode Patch Antenna For Dual Mimo And Enhanced Localization Use, Adam Narbudowicz, Max Ammann
Articles
This paper proposes a simple, low-cost multi-mode patch antenna combining good MIMO performance with precise Angle of Arrival (AoA) estimation. The AoA is based on the monopulse antenna concept, however, unlike in radar applications, the necessity for complex circuitry is replaced by the intrinsic properties of even and odd resonant patch modes. This capability is advantageous for future “Internet of Things” antennas, embedded into low-cost and size-constrained devices. The envelope correlation coefficient, measured in an anechoic chamber, is below 1.5 %, ensuring good MIMO performance. An exemplary addition to localization algorithm exploiting antenna properties is demonstrated.
Passive Self-Interference Suppression For Single Channel Full-Duplex Operation, Adam Narbudowicz, Giuseppe Ruvio, Max Ammann
Passive Self-Interference Suppression For Single Channel Full-Duplex Operation, Adam Narbudowicz, Giuseppe Ruvio, Max Ammann
Articles
Full duplex radios have become a topic of increased interest in the wireless communications community. As part of this development, many efforts were directed to passively decrease the self-interference level at the antenna outputs. However, in many proposed solutions transmission and reception occur through different propagation channels. This paper demonstrates and quantifies the negative impact of channel differentiation on pivotal applications of full-duplex radio, such as cognitive radio. Antenna designs used for self-interference suppression in full-duplex radio architectures are analyzed. In order to ensure that transmission and reception occur within the same propagation channel, the use of the envelope correlation …
Investigation Of Temperature Dependence Of Microfibre Coil Resonators, Yu Yin, Jibo Yu, Yuxuan Jiang, Shi Li, Jing Ren, Gerald Farrell, Elfed Lewis, Pengfei Wang
Investigation Of Temperature Dependence Of Microfibre Coil Resonators, Yu Yin, Jibo Yu, Yuxuan Jiang, Shi Li, Jing Ren, Gerald Farrell, Elfed Lewis, Pengfei Wang
Articles
The temperature-sensitive performance of a microfiber coil resonator (MCR) is thoroughly investigated. The MCR is fabricated by wrapping a microfiber on a PMMA rod coated with a UV-curable low refractive index epoxy. The temperature sensitivity is measured by investigating the correlation between the shift of the resonant wavelength and the surrounding temperature. It is determined that a range of parameters of the MCRs, including the gap between two adjacent rings, the diameter of the supporting rod, the number of rings, and the diameter of the microfiber, have a great influence on the temperature sensitivity of the MCRs. By optimizing the …
Special Issue On The Use Of Accurate Tissue And Body Models In Rf And Mw Medical Applications, Giuseppe Ruvio, Marta Cavagnaro
Special Issue On The Use Of Accurate Tissue And Body Models In Rf And Mw Medical Applications, Giuseppe Ruvio, Marta Cavagnaro
Articles
No abstract provided.
Dual-Stub Ka-Band Vivaldi Antenna With Integrated Bandpass Filter, Kansheng Yang, Manh-Ha Hoang, Xiulong Bao, Patrick Mcevoy, Max Ammann
Dual-Stub Ka-Band Vivaldi Antenna With Integrated Bandpass Filter, Kansheng Yang, Manh-Ha Hoang, Xiulong Bao, Patrick Mcevoy, Max Ammann
Articles
A dual-stub coplanar Vivaldi antenna with a parasitic element is presented. The dual-stub is coupled between the parasitic element and two tapered slots. The parasitic element shape and size is optimised. The use of slits on the outer edge of the ground plane is shown to provide control of beamwidth and maximum gain. A bandpass filter is used for performance control and sub-harmonic suppression.
Directional Modulation For Compact Devices, Adam Narbudowicz, Max Ammann, Dirk Heberling
Directional Modulation For Compact Devices, Adam Narbudowicz, Max Ammann, Dirk Heberling
Articles
A new directional modulation system which uses radiation pattern data for modulation encoding is proposed. The approach allows compact multiport antennas (e.g. MIMO capable antennas) to be used for directional modulation, replacing extensive arrays. The modulation weighting coefficients are calculated with a fixed, antenna specific equation, thus reducing computational complexity. The solution is intended to enhance privacy in small, battery-operated wireless devices, required for “Internet of Things” applications.
Multi-Band Antenna Array Based On Double Negative Metamaterial For Multi Automotive Applications, Mohd Jamlos, Abdulrahman Alqadami,, Imtiaz Islam, Ping Soh, Rizalman Mamat, Khairil Khairi, Adam Narbudowicz
Multi-Band Antenna Array Based On Double Negative Metamaterial For Multi Automotive Applications, Mohd Jamlos, Abdulrahman Alqadami,, Imtiaz Islam, Ping Soh, Rizalman Mamat, Khairil Khairi, Adam Narbudowicz
Articles
Nowadays, the demand for antennas in wireless communication system for automotive applications is rising at a rapid rate [1, 2]. Their usage includes collision avoidance system (CAS), Vehicle-to-vehicle communications, pre-crash safety systems, Global Positioning Systems (GPS), tyre pressure monitoring system (TPMS), Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), etc. To enhance its effectiveness in these new applications, a small, multi-band, multi-functional antenna is required instead of conventional single band antennas [2, 3]. Such multifunctional antennas with favourable radiation characteristics are more practical in addressing modern antenna design requirements. However, the achievement of the above mentioned antenna’s features using conventional materials and structures …
Design Of A Compact, Fully-Autonomous 433 Mhz Tunable Antenna For Wearable Wireless Sensor Applications, John Buckley, Kevin Mccarthy, Domenico Gaetano, Loizos Loizou, Brendan O'Flynn, Cian O'Mathuna
Design Of A Compact, Fully-Autonomous 433 Mhz Tunable Antenna For Wearable Wireless Sensor Applications, John Buckley, Kevin Mccarthy, Domenico Gaetano, Loizos Loizou, Brendan O'Flynn, Cian O'Mathuna
Articles
The authors present the design of a tunable 433 MHz antenna that is tailored for wearable wireless sensor applications. This study first presents a detailed analysis of the measured impedance characteristics of a chosen antenna under test (AUT) in varying proximity to a human test subject. Instead of limiting the analysis to the head and hand only, this analysis measures the AUT impedance at varying distances from 11 different body positions. A novel antenna equivalent circuit model is then developed that enables both the free-space and total on-body AUT impedance variation to be rapidly computed using a circuit simulator instead …