Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
-
- Systems and Communications (8)
- Computer Engineering (7)
- Electrical and Electronics (7)
- Digital Communications and Networking (4)
- Controls and Control Theory (3)
-
- Other Engineering (3)
- Physical Sciences and Mathematics (3)
- Computer Sciences (2)
- Power and Energy (2)
- Acoustics, Dynamics, and Controls (1)
- Bioelectrical and Neuroengineering (1)
- Biomedical (1)
- Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering (1)
- Databases and Information Systems (1)
- Electronic Devices and Semiconductor Manufacturing (1)
- Engineering Mechanics (1)
- Engineering Science and Materials (1)
- Mechanical Engineering (1)
- Mechanics of Materials (1)
- Nanotechnology Fabrication (1)
- Optics (1)
- Other Engineering Science and Materials (1)
- Physics (1)
- Theory and Algorithms (1)
- Keyword
-
- Sound source separation (10)
- Sound Source Separation (7)
- Music (6)
- Non-negative Tensor Factorisation (3)
- Algorithms (2)
-
- Audible artefacts (2)
- Azimuth discrimination (2)
- Azimuth re-synthesis (2)
- Drum Transcription (2)
- Energy Efficiency (2)
- Estimation (2)
- Fractional Diffusion (2)
- Glottal (2)
- Image Processing (2)
- Information Hiding (2)
- Inter-aural intensity scaling parameter (2)
- Irish (2)
- Median filtering (2)
- Music Transcription (2)
- Music sound sources (2)
- Non-negative matrix factorisation (2)
- Non-negative tensor factorisation (2)
- Open RAN (2)
- SDN (2)
- Source estimates (2)
- Traditional (2)
- Video (2)
- VoIP (2)
- AMI Corpus (1)
- Acoustic event detection (1)
Articles 31 - 60 of 64
Full-Text Articles in Signal Processing
Exploiting Glottal Formant Parameters For Glottal Inverse Filtering And Parameterization, Alan O'Cinneide, David Dorran, Mikel Gainza, Eugene Coyle
Exploiting Glottal Formant Parameters For Glottal Inverse Filtering And Parameterization, Alan O'Cinneide, David Dorran, Mikel Gainza, Eugene Coyle
Conference papers
It is crucial for many methods of inverse filtering that the time domain information of the glottal source waveform is known, e.g. the location of the instant of glottal closure. It is often the case that this information is unknown and/or cannot be determined due to e.g. recording conditions which can corrupt the phase spectrum. In these scenarios, alternative strategies are required. This paper describes a method which, given the parameters of the glottal formant of the signal frame, can accurately parameterize the glottal shape source and vocal filter for a broad range of voice quality types and which is …
Interactive Music Archive Access System, Martin Gallagher, Derry Fitzgerald, Dan Barry, Matt Cranitch, Eugene Coyle
Interactive Music Archive Access System, Martin Gallagher, Derry Fitzgerald, Dan Barry, Matt Cranitch, Eugene Coyle
Conference papers
The goal of the Interactive Music Archive Access System (IMAAS) project was to develop an interactive music archive access system which was capable of allowing an end-user to easily extract rhythmic, melodic and harmonic musical metadata descriptors from audio, and allow the user to interact with the archive contents in a manner not typically allowed in archive access systems. To this end, the IMAAS system incorporates a range of real-time interaction tools which allow the user to modify the retrieved audio in a number of ways including the ability to isolate individual instruments in stereo mixes, pitch and time-scale modification, …
Locating Tune Changes And Providing A Semantic Labelling Of Sets Of Irish Traditional Tunes, Cillian Kelly, Mikel Gainza, David Dorran, Eugene Coyle
Locating Tune Changes And Providing A Semantic Labelling Of Sets Of Irish Traditional Tunes, Cillian Kelly, Mikel Gainza, David Dorran, Eugene Coyle
Conference papers
An approach is presented which provides the tune change loactions within a set of Irish traditional turnes. Also provided are semantic labels for each part of each tune within the set. A set in Irish traditional music is a number of individual tunes played segue. Each of the tunes in the set are made up of structural segments called parts. Musical variation is a prominent characteristic of this genre. However, a certain set of notes known as "set accented tones" are considered impervious to musical variation. Chroma information is extracted at "set accented tone" locations within the music. The resulting …
Audio Thumbnail Generation Of Irish Traditional Music, Cillian Kelly, Mikel Gainza, David Dorran, Eugene Coyle
Audio Thumbnail Generation Of Irish Traditional Music, Cillian Kelly, Mikel Gainza, David Dorran, Eugene Coyle
Conference papers
An approach is presented which generates an audio thumbnail of Irish traditional music. An audio thumbnail is consered to be the most representative segment of the music. For popular music, the chorus is considered to be an ideal audio thumbnail, however in Irish Traditional Music there is no chorus. An Irish Traditional tune consists of tow or mor short structural segments called parts. Parts are repeated to extend the tuen, and the tune itself is also repeated once or more in its entirety. To further extend a performance, tunes are concatenated to form a set of tuens. As a result, …
On The Appearance Of A Positive Real Pole In The Results Of Glottal Closed Phase Linear Prediction, Alan O'Cinneide, David Dorran, Mikel Gainza, Eugene Coyle
On The Appearance Of A Positive Real Pole In The Results Of Glottal Closed Phase Linear Prediction, Alan O'Cinneide, David Dorran, Mikel Gainza, Eugene Coyle
Conference papers
Often when performing glottal closed phase covariance linear prediction, a positive real pole can appear in the resulting filter transfer function. The commonly adopted approach is to discard this pole, as it does not fit with the usual model of the all-pole vocal tract filter. However, this real pole describes some aspect of the speech signal; this paper provides a novel perspective on its occurrence. This viewpoint has a useful implication to the speech community, especially from the perspective of fitting a glottal pulse to the inverse filtered signal, as the real pole describes the return phase of the glottal …
Towards A Method To Determine The Glottal Formant Parameters Of Voiced Speech Without Time-Domain Reference, Alan O'Cinneide, David Dorran, Mikel Gainza, Eugene Coyle
Towards A Method To Determine The Glottal Formant Parameters Of Voiced Speech Without Time-Domain Reference, Alan O'Cinneide, David Dorran, Mikel Gainza, Eugene Coyle
Conference papers
This paper presents an approach to estimate the glottal formant parameters of the voicing source in the frequency-domain. The method is based on a simplified pole-zero interpretion of the prevalent Liljencrants-Fant (LF) model of glottal flow, and gives approximations for a broad range of pulses shapes. An advantage of the method is that, unlike other methods, it does not rely on time-domain references.
Harmonic/Percussive Separation Using Median Filtering, Derry Fitzgerald
Harmonic/Percussive Separation Using Median Filtering, Derry Fitzgerald
Conference papers
In this paper, we present a fast, simple and effective method to separate the harmonic and percussive parts of a monaural audio signal.The technique involves the use of median filtering on a spectrogram of the audio signal, with median filtering performed across successive frames to suppress percussive events and enhance harmonic components, while median filtering is also performed across frequency bins to enhance percussive events and supress harmonic components. The two resulting median filtered spectrograms are then used to generate masks which are then applied to the original spectrogram to separate the harmonic and percussive parts of the signal. We …
Diffusion And Fractional Diffusion Based Image Processing, Jonathan Blackledge
Diffusion And Fractional Diffusion Based Image Processing, Jonathan Blackledge
Conference papers
We consider the background to describing strong scattering in terms of diffusive processes based on the diffusion equation. Intermediate strength scattering is then considered in terms of a fractional diffusion equation which is studied using results from fractional calculus. This approach is justified in terms of the generalization of a random walk model with no statistical bias in the phase to a random walk that has a phase bias and is thus, only ‘partially’ or ‘fractionally’ diffusive. A Green’s function solution to the fractional diffusion equation is studied and a result derived that provides a model for an incoherent image …
Inverse Scattering Solutions For Side-Band Signals, Jonathan Blackledge, Timo Hamalainen, Jyrki Joutsensalo
Inverse Scattering Solutions For Side-Band Signals, Jonathan Blackledge, Timo Hamalainen, Jyrki Joutsensalo
Conference papers
When a signal is recorded that has been physically generated by some scattering process (the interaction of electromagnetic waves with an inhomogeneous dielectric, for example), the `standard model' for the signal (i.e. information content convolved with a characteristic Impulse Response Function) is usually based on a single scattering approximation. An additive noise term is introduced into the model to take into account a range of non-deterministic factors including multiple scattering that, along with electronic noise and other background noise sources, is assumed to be relatively weak. Thus, the standard model is based on a `weak field condition' and the inverse …
Localization Quality Assessment In Source Separation-Based Upmixing Algorithms, Dan Barry, Gavin Kearney
Localization Quality Assessment In Source Separation-Based Upmixing Algorithms, Dan Barry, Gavin Kearney
Conference papers
In this paper we explore the source localisation accuracy and perceived spatial distortion of a source separation based upmix algorithm for 2 to 5 channel conversion. Unlike traditional upmixing techniques, source separation based techniques allow individual sources to be separated from the mixture and repositioned independently within the surround sound field. Generally, spectral artefacts and source interference generated during the source separation process are masked when the upmixed sound field is presented in its entirety; however, this can lead to perceived spatial distortion and ambiguous source localisation. Here, we use subjective testing to compare the localisation perceived on a purposely …
Automatic Musical Meter Detection, Mikel Gainza
Automatic Musical Meter Detection, Mikel Gainza
Conference papers
A method that automatically estimates the metrical structure of a piece of music is presented. The approach is based on the generation of a beat similarity matrix, which provided information about the similarity between any two beats of a piece of music. The repetitive structure of most music is exploited by processing the beat similarity matrix in order to identify similar patterns of beats in different parts of a piece. This principles proves to be equally effective for the detection of both duple and triple meters as awll as complex meters. The use of beat positions and dynamic programming techniques …
Structural Segmentation Of Irish Traditional Music Using Chroma At Set Accented Tone Locations, Cillian Kelly, Mikel Gainza, David Dorran, Eugene Coyle
Structural Segmentation Of Irish Traditional Music Using Chroma At Set Accented Tone Locations, Cillian Kelly, Mikel Gainza, David Dorran, Eugene Coyle
Conference papers
An approach is presented which provides a structural segmentation of Irish Traditional Music. Chroma information is extracted at certain locations within the music. The resulting chroma vectors are compared to determine similar structural segments. Chroma is only calculated at "set accented tone" locatins within the music. "Set accented tones" are considered to be impervious to melodic variation and are entirely representative of an Irish Traditional tune. Results show that comparing "set accented tones" represented by chroma significantly increases the structural segmentation accuracy that when "set accented tones" are represented by pitch values.
Information Hiding By Stochastic Disfusion And Its Application To Printed Document Authentication, Jonathan Blackledge, Eugene Coyle
Information Hiding By Stochastic Disfusion And Its Application To Printed Document Authentication, Jonathan Blackledge, Eugene Coyle
Conference papers
The use of image based information exchange has grown rapidly over the years in terms of both e-to-e image storage and transmission and in terms of maintaining paper documents in electronic form. Further, with the dramatic improvements in the quality of COTS (Commercial-O-The-Shelf) printing and scanning devices, the ability to counterfeit electronic and printed documents has become a widespread problem. Consequently, there has been an increasing demand to develop digital watermarking, information hiding and covert encryption methods which can be applied to both electronic and printed images (and documents) for the purposes of authentication, prevent unauthorized copying and, in the …
On The Use Of The Beta Divergence For Musical Source Separation, Derry Fitzgerald, Matt Cranitch, Eugene Coyle
On The Use Of The Beta Divergence For Musical Source Separation, Derry Fitzgerald, Matt Cranitch, Eugene Coyle
Conference papers
Non-negative Tensor Factorisation based methods have found use in the context of musical sound source separation. These techniques require the use of a suitable cost function to determine the optimal factorisation, and most work has focused on the use of the generalised Kullback-Liebler divergence, and more recently the Itakura-Saito divergence. These divergences can be regarded as limiting cases of the parameterised Beta divergence. This paper looks at the use of the Beta Divergence in the context of musical source separation with a view to determining an optimal value of Beta for this problem. This is considered for both magnitude and …
Musical Sound Source Separation Using Extended Tensor Decompositions, Derry Fitzgerald
Musical Sound Source Separation Using Extended Tensor Decompositions, Derry Fitzgerald
Conference papers
Recently, tensor decompositions have found use in sound source separation. In particular, non-negative tensor decompositions have received a lot of attention due to their ability to decompose audio spectrograms into meaningful ”parts” such as individual notes. Extensions to the basic non-negative tensor factorisation framework allow the incorporation of additional constraints, such as shift-invariance in both frequency and time. This enables the factorisations to capture more complex structures than individual notes, such as individual sources playing different pitches and time-evolving instrument timbres. Further music specific constraints such as harmonicity and source-filter modeling have been shown to improve separation performance for musical …
Using Tensor Factorisation Models To Separate Drums From Polyphonic Music, Derry Fitzgerald, Matt Cranitch, Eugene Coyle
Using Tensor Factorisation Models To Separate Drums From Polyphonic Music, Derry Fitzgerald, Matt Cranitch, Eugene Coyle
Conference papers
This paper describes the use of Non-negative Tensor Factorisation models for the separation of drums from polyphonic audio. Improved separation of the drums is achieved through the incorporation of Gamma Chain priors into the Non-negative Tensor Factorisation framework. In contrast to many previous approaches, the method used in this paper requires little or no pre-training or use of drum templates. The utility of the technique is shown on real-world audio examples.
Imaging Reconstruction For Light Scattering From A Tenuous Random Medium, Jonathan Blackledge
Imaging Reconstruction For Light Scattering From A Tenuous Random Medium, Jonathan Blackledge
Conference papers
We consider the basis for describing strong scattering in terms of diffusive processes based on the diffusion equation. Intermediate strength scattering is then considered in terms of a fractional diffusion equation which is studied using results from fractional calculus. This approach is justified in terms of the generalization of a random walk model with no statistical bias in the phase to a random walk that has a phase bias and is thus, only `partially' or `fractionally' diffusive. A Green's function solution to the fractional diffusion equation is studied and a result derived that provides a model for an incoherent image …
A Real-Time Framework For Video Time And Pitch Scale Modification, Ivan Damnjanovic, Dan Barry, David Dorran, Josh Reiss
A Real-Time Framework For Video Time And Pitch Scale Modification, Ivan Damnjanovic, Dan Barry, David Dorran, Josh Reiss
Conference papers
A framework is presented which addresses the issues related to the real-time implementation of synchronised video and audio time-scale and pitch-scale modification algorithms. It allows for seamless real-time transition between continually varying, independent time-scale and pitch-scale parameters arising as a result of manual or automatic intervention. We illuminate the problems which arise in a real-time context as well as provide novel solutions to prevent artefacts, minimise latency, and improve synchronisation. The time and pitch scaling approach is based on a modified phase vocoder with optional phase locking and an integrated transient detector which enables high quality transient preservation in real-time. …
The Annotation Of Traditional Irish Dance Music Using Matt2 And Tansey, Bryan Duggan, Brendan O'Shea, Mikel Gainza, Padraig Cunningham
The Annotation Of Traditional Irish Dance Music Using Matt2 And Tansey, Bryan Duggan, Brendan O'Shea, Mikel Gainza, Padraig Cunningham
Conference papers
Current estimates put the canon of traditional Irish dance tunes at least 7,000 compositions. Given this diversity, a common problem faced by musicians and ethnomusicologists is identifying tunes from recordings. This is evident even in the number of commercial recordings whose title is gan aimn (without name). This work attempts to solve this problem by developing a Content Based Music Information Retrieval (CBMIR) System adapted to the characteristics of traditional Irish music. A system is presented called MATT2 (Machine Annotation of Traditional Tunes) whose primary goal is to annotate recordings of traditional Irish dance music with useful meta-data including tune …
Linear Prediction: The Problem, Its Solution And Application To Speech, Alan O'Cinneide, David Dorran, Mikel Gainza
Linear Prediction: The Problem, Its Solution And Application To Speech, Alan O'Cinneide, David Dorran, Mikel Gainza
Conference papers
Linear prediction is a signal processing technique that is used extensively in the analysis of speech signals and, as it is so heavily referred to in speech processing literature, a certain level of familiarity with the topic is typically required by all speech processing engineers. This paper aims to provide a well-rounded introduction to linear prediction, and so doing, facilitate the understanding of the technique. Linear prediction and its mathematical derivation will be described, with a specific focus on applying the technique to speech signals. It is noted, however, that although progress in linear prediction has been driven primarily by …
Portfolio Diversification Using Subspace Factorizations, Ruairí De Fréin, Konstantinos Drakakis, Scott Rickard
Portfolio Diversification Using Subspace Factorizations, Ruairí De Fréin, Konstantinos Drakakis, Scott Rickard
Conference papers
Successful investment management relies on allocating assets so as to beat the stock market. Asset classes are affected by different market dynamics or latent trends. These interactions are crucial to the successful allocation of monies. The seminal work on portfolio management by Markowitz prompts the adroit investment manager to consider the correlation between the assets in his portfolio and to vary his selection so as to optimize his riskreturn profile. The factor model, a popular model for the return generating process has been used for portfolio construction and assumes that there is a low rank representation of the stocks. In …
Structural Segmentation Using Set Accented Tones, Cillian Kelly, Mikel Gainza, David Dorran, Eugene Coyle
Structural Segmentation Using Set Accented Tones, Cillian Kelly, Mikel Gainza, David Dorran, Eugene Coyle
Conference papers
An approach which efficiently segments Irish Traditional Music into its constituent structural segments is presented. The complexity of the segmentation process is greatly increased due to melodic variation existent within this music type. In order to deal with these variations, a novel method using ‘set accented tones’ is introduced. The premise is that these tones are less susceptible to variation than all other tones. Thus, the location of the accented tones is estimated and pitch information is extracted at these specific locations. Following this, a vector containing the pitch values is used to extract similar patterns using heuristics specific to …
Music Structure Segmentation Using The Azimugram In Conjunction With Principal Component Analysis, Dan Barry, Mikel Gainza, Eugene Coyle
Music Structure Segmentation Using The Azimugram In Conjunction With Principal Component Analysis, Dan Barry, Mikel Gainza, Eugene Coyle
Conference papers
A novel method to segment stereo music recordings into formal musical structures such as verses and choruses is presented. The method performs dimensional reduction on a time-azimuth representation of audio which results in a set of time activation sequences, each of which corresponds to a repeating structural segment. This is based on the assumption that each segment type such as verse or chorus has a unique energy distribution across the stereo field. It can be shown that these unique energy distributions along with their time activation sequences are the latent principal components of the time-azimuth representation. It can be shown …
Automatic Bar Line Segmentation, Mikel Gainza, Dan Barry, Eugene Coyle
Automatic Bar Line Segmentation, Mikel Gainza, Dan Barry, Eugene Coyle
Conference papers
A method that segments the audio according to the position of the bar lines is presented. The method detects musical bars that frequently repeat in different parts of a musical piece by using an audio similarity matrix. The position of each bar line is predicted by using prior information about the position of previous bar lines as well as the estimated bar length. The bar line segmentation method does not depend on the presence of percussive instruments to calculate the bar length. In addition, the alignment of the bars allows moderate tempo deviations.
A Brief Introduction To Speech Synthesis And Voice Modification, Alan O'Cinneide, David Dorran, Mikel Gainza
A Brief Introduction To Speech Synthesis And Voice Modification, Alan O'Cinneide, David Dorran, Mikel Gainza
Conference papers
For both engineers and linguists, the computer synthesis of natural speech is an objective that would provide many useful applications to human-computer interaction, including the realm of electro-acoustic music. The purpose of this paper is to introduce the area of speech synthesis by providing an overview of the three main methods of computer speech synthesis; namely concatenative, articulatory and formant syntheses. Some aspects of the current state of the technology are illuminated and the final section will explain the author’s motivation and current research approach to the field of voice modification.
Blind Source Separation And Automatic Transcription Of Music Using Tensor Decompositions, Derry Fitzgerald
Blind Source Separation And Automatic Transcription Of Music Using Tensor Decompositions, Derry Fitzgerald
Conference papers
Recent advances in the use of tensor decompositions for the analysis of music are described. In particular, the use of such decompositions for sound source separation and the automatic transcription of music are explored.
Non-Negative Tensor Factorisation For Sound Source Separation, Derry Fitzgerald, Matt Cranitch, Eugene Coyle
Non-Negative Tensor Factorisation For Sound Source Separation, Derry Fitzgerald, Matt Cranitch, Eugene Coyle
Conference papers
An algorithm for Non-negative Tensor Factorisation is introduced which extends current matrix factorisation techniques to deal with tensors. The effectiveness of the algorithm is then demonstrated through tests on synthetic data. The algorithm is then employed as a means of performing sound source separation on two channel mixtures, and the separation capabilities of the algorithm demonstrated on a two channel mixture containing saxophone, strings and bass guitar.
Onset Detection, Music Transcription And Ornament Detection For The The Traditional Irish Fiddle, Aileen Kelleher, Derry Fitzgerald, Eugene Coyle, Robert Lawlor, Mikel Gainza
Onset Detection, Music Transcription And Ornament Detection For The The Traditional Irish Fiddle, Aileen Kelleher, Derry Fitzgerald, Eugene Coyle, Robert Lawlor, Mikel Gainza
Conference papers
By combining techniques used in previous onset detectors, a system that detects note onsets in traditional Irish fiddle tunes has been implemented. The notes detected also include the most common types of ornamentation played by the fiddle. Ornaments are notes of extremely short duration, at most a fifth the length of a regular note. A Short Time Fourier Transform based sub-band technique, which previously gave good results for the Irish tin whistle, was modified to include a threshold approximation more suitable for the fiddle. This system has been tested on a database of real recorded fiddle tunes and good results …
Development Of A Computer-Based Violin Teaching Aid: Vitool, Jane Charles, Derry Fitzgerald, Eugene Coyle
Development Of A Computer-Based Violin Teaching Aid: Vitool, Jane Charles, Derry Fitzgerald, Eugene Coyle
Conference papers
This paper considers the development of a violin teaching aid, called ViTool, which is based on violin pedagogy, sound analysis, and comparison of beginner and good player recordings. It is a computer based teaching aid and will ultimately consist of at least four task dependent tools. Typical beginner faults have been identified and features, that best describe them for classification purposes, are considered. The ViTool is not intended as a replacement or electronic teacher, but as a teaching aid. Presently, it seems that no such violin learning aid or tool exists and an opportunity exists for the development of such …
Single Channel Source Separation Using Short-Time Independent Component Analysis, Dan Barry, Derry Fitzgerald, Eugene Coyle
Single Channel Source Separation Using Short-Time Independent Component Analysis, Dan Barry, Derry Fitzgerald, Eugene Coyle
Conference papers
In this paper we develop a method for the sound source separation of single channel mixtures using Independent Component Analysis within a time-frequency representation of the audio signal. We apply standard Independent Component Analysis techniques to contiguous magnitude frames of the short-time Fourier transform of the mixture. Provided that the amplitude envelopes of each source are sufficiently different, it can be seen that it is possible to recover the independent short-time power spectra of each source. A simple scoring scheme based on auditory scene analysis cues is then used to overcome the source ordering problem ultimately allowing each of the …