Power and Energy Commons^™

Synthesis And Raman Study Of Hollow Core-Shell Ni1.2Co0.8P@N-C As An Anode Material For Sodium-Ion Batteries, Jia-Hui Chen, Xiao-Bin Zhong, Chao He, Xiao-Xiao Wang, Qing-Chi Xu, Jian-Feng Li

Journal of Electrochemistry

With the increasing demand for large-scale energy storage, great progress has been made in discovering new advanced energy storage materials. Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have attracted much attention in recent years due to their use of abundant sodium resources and their comparable electrochemical capacity to lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). In this paper, we developed novel hollow core-shell Ni-Co bimetallic phosphide nanocubes with N-doped carbon coatings (Ni_1.2Co_0.8P@N-C) as the anode material for SIBs. The material was synthesized through a low-temperature phosphorization method using resorcinol formaldehyde (RF) resin coating with a Ni-Co Prussian blue analogue (PBA) as a template and …

Preparations Of Nano-MnoX/Ti Electrocatalytic Membrane Electrode For Catalytic Oxidation Of Cyclohexane Using Intermittent Electrodeposition, Xue Zhou, Hong Wang, Zhen Yin, Yu-Jun Zhang, Jian-Xin Li

Journal of Electrochemistry

Cyclohexanone and cyclohexanol (KA oil) obtained from highly selective oxidation of cyclohexane (CHA) show important industrial value and application prospects. In this work, the intermittent electrodeposition was developed to prepare nano-MnO_x catalyst loading porous tubular titanium membrane electrode (MnO_x/Ti), which was employed to constitute an electro-catalytic membrane reactor (ECMR) for the oxidation of cyclohexane to produce cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone. The surface morphology, crystal structure and electrochemical property of the catalysts were characterized by FESEM, XRD and electrochemical workstation, respectively. The results show that the catalyst prepared by the intermittent electrodeposition displayed nano-flower-like γ-MnO₂. Compared with …

Recent Advancement In Pseudo-Random Binary Sequence Signals-Based Fast Reconstruction Of Impedance Spectrum And Its Applications In Electrochemical Energy Sources, Wei-Heng Li, Qiu-An Huang, Wei-Ming Yang, Chang-Ping Yang, Jiu-Jun Zhang

Journal of Electrochemistry

With the extensive application of impedance spectroscopy, the time-consuming issue of its traditional testing methods has become more and more serious, which limits its application range. In the study of accelerating impedance measurement or reconstruction, the synthesis of wideband excitation signals and the design of high efficiency estimation algorithms have been identified as important ways. In view of the purpose of rapid impedance reconstruction, Pseudo-Random Binary Sequence (PRBS) has the advantages of flat power spectrum and easy generation, and has a good application prospect. This paper reviews three core issues in rapid reconstruction of impedance spectrum: PRBS signal types, different …

Preparation Of Α-Hydroxylated Acetal From 2-Butanone By Indirect Electrooxidation, Hai-Qing Huang, Ye Miao, Xin-Sheng Zhang

Journal of Electrochemistry

Acetoin (3-hydroxy-2-butanone) is an important food spice. As a platform compound, it is widely used in medicine, tobacco, cosmetics, chemical material and other industries. In this paper, α-hydroxylated acetal, an intermediate of acetoin, was prepared from 2-butanone by indirect electrooxidation in the plate and frame electrolytic cell, in which graphite plates were used as both an anode and a cathode, while KOH as an electrolyte and KI as a catalyst. Acetoin could be prepared by hydrolysis in acidic aqueous solution from acetoin intermediate. The effects of current density, electrolyte flow rate between the plates, 2-butanone concentration and electrolysis temperature …

Electrochemical Oxidation Of Metal Chromium In Odium Hydroxide Aqueous Solution, Ping Han, Hai-Tao Feng, Ya-Ping Dong, Sen Tian, Bo Zhang, Wu Li

Journal of Electrochemistry

Ferrochrome electrolysis technology is a novel method for preparing sodium chromate (Na₂CrO₄). Although the method performs well at soft reaction conditions, controllable process, environmentally friendly production process, etc., the electrochemical oxidation process of metal chromium in NaOH aqueous electrolyte is still unclear. At present, there are few research articles about specific electrochemical oxidation of metal chromium in NaOH aqueous electrolyte. It is, therefore, meaningful to carry out the research in electrochemical oxidation mechanism of chromium. The electrochemical oxidation of metal chromium in 0.01 mol·L^-1 ~ 10 mol·L^-1 NaOH aqueous electrolytes at 20 °C was …

Stability Studies For A Membrane Electrode Assembly Type Co2 Electro-Reduction Electrolytic Cell, Qing Mao, Bing-Yu Li, Wei-Yun Jing, Jian Zhao, Song Liu, Yan-Qiang Huang, Zhao-Long Du

Journal of Electrochemistry

Electro-catalytic reduction is an efficient way to achieve resourcable transformation of CO₂, which is one of the important techniques to solve the global environmental problems originated from excessive CO₂ emission. In this study, a membrane electrode assembly(MEA) type CO₂ electro-reduction electrolytic cell was constucted, which enables CO₂ feeding and real-time KHCO₃ aqueous updating on both sides of the cathode gas diffusion electrode (GDE). By means of the electrolytic cell, effects of KHCO₃ concentration and updating inside the liquid electrolytic chamber on CO₂ electro-reduction activity, production distribution and stability were investigated. The experimental …

The Interaction Of Ternary Components Of Ionic Liquid Gel Polymer Electrolytes For Lithium Metal Batteries, Xiao-Na Pan, Li-Lai Liu, Zhi-Pu Wang, Dan Wang, Yun Li, Pei-Xia Yang, Jin-Qiu Zhang, Mao-Zhong An

Journal of Electrochemistry

Ionically conductive gel polymer electrolyte is an excellent candidate due to its inflammable, nonvolatile and high thermal stability as compared to commercial liquid electrolytes which are usually flammable, volatile, and containing toxic organic solution as solvent, The synthesis and application of ionic gel polymer electrolytes in lithium ion/metal batteries have been previously reported. However, the interaction effects of N-methyl-N-propylpiperidinium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (PP13TFSI) ionic liquid (as plasticizer) and lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) on PVDF-HFP polymer remain unclear. In this work, the molecular structure of ionic liquid gel polymer electrolyte (ILGPE) composed of PP13TFSI, LiTFSI and PVDF-HFP was studied by Raman spectroscopy and Fourier-transform …

Ordered Mesoporous Carbon/Graphene/Nickel Foam For Flexible Dopamine Detection With Ultrahigh Sensitivity And Selectivity, Lai-Yu Wang, Xin Xi, Dong-Qing Wu, Xiong-Yu Liu, Wei Ji, Rui-Li Liu

Journal of Electrochemistry

Electro-catalytic reduction is an efficient way to achieve resourcable transformation of CO₂, which is one of the important techniques to solve the global environmental problems originated from excessive CO₂ emission. In this study, a membrane electrode assembly(MEA) type CO₂ electro-reduction electrolytic cell was constucted, which enables CO₂ feeding and real-time KHCO₃ aqueous updating on both sides of the cathode gas diffusion electrode (GDE). By means of the electrolytic cell, effects of KHCO₃ concentration and updating inside the liquid electrolytic chamber on CO₂ electro-reduction activity, production distribution and stability were investigated. The experimental …

Assessing The Potential For Greater Solar Development In West Texas, Usa, Dale D. Devitt, M. H. Young, J. P. Pierre

Life Sciences Faculty Research

As population and economies continue to grow on a global scale, so too does the demand for energy. To improve reliability and independence of energy supplies, the U.S. and many other countries are seeking internally-sourced renewable energy; solar is one such renewable-energy source that meets these criteria. However, all energy sources exert some environmental impacts. In the case of solar, direct impacts stem mostly from alteration of land needed to host infrastructure. Understanding the environmental upside and downside potential of solar energy systems allows a more comprehensive, side-by-side comparison with different energy sources. In this article, we focus on the …

An Investigation Of Diode Failure, Nicholas James Adams

Physics

Solar electricity can be used to cheaply cook food and charge electronic devices. We investigate the viability of using diodes as heating elements for insulated solar electric cooking (ISEC). In addition, information on designing and constructing ISEC compatible phone chargers and rechargeable LED lighting systems is included.

A Novel Three-Level Isolated Ac-Dc Pfc Power Converter Topology With Reduced Number Of Switches, Obaid Aldosari

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The three-level isolated AC-DC power factor corrected (PFC) converter provides safe and more efficient power conversion. In comparison with two-level, three-level PFC converter has the advantages of low total harmonic distortion, low device voltage rating, low di/dt, better output performance, high power factor, and low switching losses at higher switching frequencies. The high frequency transformer (HFT) grants galvanic isolation, steps up or down secondary voltage, and limits damage in case of a fault current.

The existing three-level converter based on solid-state transformer (SST) topologies convert ac power from the electrical grid to a dc load while maintaining at least the …

Cybersecurity Methods For Grid-Connected Power Electronics, Stephen Joe Moquin

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The present work shows a secure-by-design process, defense-in-depth method, and security techniques for a secure distributed energy resource. The distributed energy resource is a cybersecure, solar inverter and battery energy storage system prototype, collectively called the Cybersecure Power Router. Consideration is given to the use of the Smart Green Power Node for a foundation of the present work. Metrics for controller security are investigated to evaluate firmware security techniques. The prototype's ability to mitigate, respond to, and recover from firmware integrity degradation is examined. The prototype shows many working security techniques within the context of a grid-connected, distributed energy resource. …

Machine Learning Modeling Of Horizontal Photovoltaics Using Weather And Location Data, Christil Pasion, Torrey J. Wagner, Clay Koschnick, Steven J. Schuldt, Jada B. Williams, Kevin Hallinan

Faculty Publications

Solar energy is a key renewable energy source; however, its intermittent nature and potential for use in distributed systems make power prediction an important aspect of grid integration. This research analyzed a variety of machine learning techniques to predict power output for horizontal solar panels using 14 months of data collected from 12 northern-hemisphere locations. We performed our data collection and analysis in the absence of irradiation data—an approach not commonly found in prior literature. Using latitude, month, hour, ambient temperature, pressure, humidity, wind speed, and cloud ceiling as independent variables, a distributed random forest regression algorithm modeled the combined …

Materials, Micro-Stacks And Related Applications Of Single-Chamber Solid Oxide Fuel Cells, Zhe Lv, Bo Wei, Zhi-Hong Wang, Yan-Ting Tian

Journal of Electrochemistry

Single-chamber solid oxide fuel cell (SC-SOFC) is a special type of fuel cells, in which both an anode and a cathode are placed in one chamber. Its working principle relies on the selective catalytic activity of the electrodes towards fuel and oxidant in a gas mixture, leading to the generation of an electromotive force. Because of its unique principle and structure, SC-SOFC has many advantages such as sealing-free, easy stacking, quick start-up and no carbon deposition, thus, it possesses large potential in application. Herein, the principles and characteristics of SC-SOFC are introduced. Furthermore, the SC-SOFC materials, micro-stack design, degeneration mechanisms …

Electrochemical Performance Improvement Of Li2Mno3 Cathode Materials By Mgf2 Coating, Du-Dan Wang, Fei Wang, Huan-Huan Zhai, Yu-Peng Li, Na-Chuan Yang, Kang-Hua Chen

Journal of Electrochemistry

Cathode material Li₂MnO₃ has received more and more attention owing to its high theoretical capacity (459 mAh·g ^-1). However, the low initial coulombic efficiency and the poor cycle stability hamper its practical application in lithium-ion batteries. Herein, we investigated the crystal structure and electrochemical performance of Li₂MnO₃ by introducing MgF₂ coating layer. The results indicated that the conversion of partial layer Li₂MnO₃ to spinel phase induced by MgF₂ coating could reduce the initial irreversible capacity and improve the first cycle efficiency. The initial coulombic efficiencies of the 0.5wt.%, …

Syntheses And Properties Of Ta5+ Doped Li7La3Zr2O12, Feng-Feng Peng, Shi-You Li, Tong-Tong Geng, Chun-Lei Li, Shuang-Wei Zeng

Journal of Electrochemistry

The tantalum ion (Ta ⁵⁺) doped garnet-type inorganic solid electrolyte Ta-LLZO was prepared by solid state reaction, and the effect of doping amount on the properties of the materials was investigated. The materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission electron scanning microscopy (FESEM) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). And the cycle stability was tested by assembly of LiFePO₄//LLZTO//Li all solid lithium battery. The results show that with the increase of Ta ⁵⁺ doping amount, the material appeared to form a single cubic phase structure. When the Ta ⁵⁺ doping content became 14.09wt.%, x=0.3, the …

Recent Advances Of Co2 Electrochemical Reduction In Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells, Yi-Hang Li, Chang-Rong Xia

Journal of Electrochemistry

Solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs) have stimulated wide interests for their promising application in the reduction of CO₂ emissions and the storage of renewable energy. Here, the advances made in the development of cathode materials including cermets and perovskite oxides in our research group, are summarized, along with the design of cell configurations. The electrochemical kinetics and performances of cathodes and cells are discussed and analyzed. It is expected that this brief review offers critical insights and useful guidelines for developing superior electrodes and SOECs in the future.

Preparation And Characterization Of Cathode Supported Solid Oxide Fuel Cell, Xiao-Nan Bao, Guang-Jun Zhang, Shao-Rong Wang

Journal of Electrochemistry

A site deficient (La_0.8Sr_0.2)_0.95MnO₃ (LSM95) powder was synthesized by solid state reaction as a cathode material. The commercial Zr_0.9Sc_0.1SO_1.95 (SSZ) was selected as an electrolyte material and La_0.8Sr_0.2Cr_0.5Mn_0.5O₃- (LSCrM) was synthesized by sol-gel method as an anode material. Accordingly, single cells of LSCrM-CeO₂|SSZ|3YSZ-LSM95 were prepared by tape casting, sintering and impregnation. The single cell test results for LSCrM-CeO₂|SSZ|3YSZ-LSM95 with 0.11 g·cm ^-2 CeO₂ and using CH₄ as a fuel showed the power …

Direct Carbon Solid Oxide Fuel Cells, Jiang Liu, Xiao-Min Yan

Journal of Electrochemistry

Carbon is richly reserved in coal, biomasses, and many other nature resources. It is usually used as an energy source through oxygen oxidation reaction. The oxidation is generally realized through combustion which causes serious air pollution. Besides, the conversion efficiency of generating electricity through the combustion process is limited by Carnot efficiency. A direct carbon solid oxide fuel cell (DC-SOFC) is a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) directly operated with solid carbon as the fuel. It can convert the chemical energy of carbon into electricity with high efficiency. The concentration of produced CO₂ from a DC-SOFC is so high …

Research Progress Of Fuel Electrode In Oxide-Ion Conducting Solid Oxide Electrolysers, Ling-Ting Ye, Kui Xie

Journal of Electrochemistry

Solid oxide electrolysers are now attracting much more attentions because they can efficiently produce fuels by electrolyzing H₂O/CO₂. In this paper, a comprehensive introduction to the recent progress in the development of fuel electrode (cathode) materials is provided. The advantages, disadvantages and development trend towards various cathode materials are pointed out. The key scientific and technological problems in this field are emphasized.

Development Status And Prospects Of Hydrogen Production By High Temperature Solid Oxide Electrolysis, Wen-Qiang Zhang, Bo Yu

Journal of Electrochemistry

Solid oxide electrolysis cell is an advanced energy conversion device with high efficiency, simplicity, flexibility, and environmental friendliness. It is currently a research hotspot in the international energy field. This paper introduces and analyzes the basic principles, key materials, system components and developments of solid oxidation electrolysis cells. Furthermore, the recent research progresses, challenges and future development directions in solid oxidation electrolysis cells in the field of high-efficiency hydrogen production are summarized and outlined.

Nio@Rgo Supported Palladium And Silver Nanoparticles As Electrocatalysts For Oxygen Reduction Reaction, Shuo Yao, Tai-Zhong Huang, Rizwan Haider, Heng-Yi Fang, Jie-Mei Yu, Zhan-Kun Jiang, Dong Liang, Yue Sun, Xian-Xia Yuan

Journal of Electrochemistry

For pervasive applications of fuel cells, highly efficient and economical materials are required to replace Pt-based catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). In this study, the NiO@rGO, Pd-NiO@rGO and Ag-NiO@rGO nanoparticles were synthesized, and their catalytic performances toward ORR were investigated. The results revealed that all the three materials were capable of catalyzing ORR, but both the Pd-NiO@rGO and Ag-NiO@rGO showed the better performances compared with the NiO@rGO in terms of the reaction pathway being 4-electron process, the increases of the onset potential and the intermediate yielding rate, as well as the extended stability. Moreover, the effect of Pd modification …

Perovskite Catalysts For Fuel Reforming In Sofc:A Review And Perspective, Tong Wei, Jian Li, Li-Chao Jia, Bo Chi, Jian Pu

Journal of Electrochemistry

Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is a generating device by electrochemical reaction to transfer the chemical energy of fossil fuels (coal, oil and gas, etc.), the biomass fuel or other hydrocarbon fuels directly into electricity with higher energy conversion efficiency and lower pollution, which is recognized to be efficient green energy technology in the 21st century. However, when hydrocarbons are directly used as fuel, carbon deposition is easy to occur in nickel-based anode, thus, losing electrochemical catalytic activity. Fuel pre-reforming on the outside of the anode is an effective solution, which strongly relies on highly efficient and stable reforming catalysts. …

Research Progress In Ethane Dehydrogenation To Cogenerate Power And Value-Added Chemicals In Solid Oxide Fuel Cells, Yun Fan, Qi Wang, Jun Li, Jing-Li Luo, Xian-Zhu Fu

Journal of Electrochemistry

Increasing supplies of methane/shale gas have promoted global development of higher value chemicals such as ethylene production by ethane, which dramatically changes the markets of petrochemical industry. Clean and efficient transformation of ethane into higher value chemicals has far-reaching significance. Ethylene production through ethane steam cracking is a relatively matured technology for industrial production. However, the process consumes large amounts of energy and the presence of carbon deposition becomes a serious problem which is difficult to be solved. The cogenerated energy-chemicals solid oxide fuel cells have been widely studied because fuel gas can be converted into high-value chemicals via spontaneous …

On-Site And External Energy Harvesting In Underground Wireless, Usman Raza, Abdul Salam

Faculty Publications

Energy efficiency is vital for uninterrupted long-term operation of wireless underground communication nodes in the field of decision agriculture. In this paper, energy harvesting and wireless power transfer techniques are discussed with applications in underground wireless communications (UWC). Various external wireless power transfer techniques are explored. Moreover, key energy harvesting technologies are presented that utilize available energy sources in the field such as vibration, solar, and wind. In this regard, the Electromagnetic(EM)- and Magnetic Induction(MI)-based approaches are explained. Furthermore, the vibration-based energy harvesting models are reviewed as well. These energy harvesting approaches lead to design of an efficient wireless underground …

Optimizing Llrf Parameters In The Electron-Ion Collider, William M. Bjorndahl

Physics

To improve particle interaction in the future Electron-Ion Collider (EIC), we investigated different feedback implementations to control the accelerating voltage and examined the power and beam phase for each instance. Using MATLAB, we studied three feedback mechanisms: Direct, One Turn, and Feedforward. Enacting feedforward yielded the best performance. To minimize the klystron power consumption, we analyzed different Low-Level Radio Frequency (LLRF) parameters such as detuning. Combining theory and simulated results, we found the optimal detuning value that minimizes klystron power consumption.

Structures And Electrochemical Properties Of Sn-Cl Co-Doped Li2Mno3 As Positive Materials For Lithium Ion Batteries, Fei Wang, Huan-Huan Zhai, Du-Dan Wang, Yu-Peng Li, Kang-Hua Chen

Journal of Electrochemistry

Positive material Li₂MnO₃ shows the highest ratio of lithium to manganese among lithium-rich materials and exhibites the theoretical capacity up to 458 mAh·g^-1, making it one of the most promising cathode materials. However, this material has the intrinsic low electrical conductivity and poor cycle stability. In this paper, Li₂MnO₃, the lithium-rich positive material, was prepared by sol-gel method using acetate as raw material and citric acid as a complexing agent. By using SnC₂O₄ as a tin source, Sn⁴⁺ instead of Mn⁴⁺ was introduced to obtain the …

Electrochemical Preparations And Applications Of Nano-Catalysts With High-Index Facets, Chi Xiao, Na Tian, Zhi-You Zhou, Shi-Gang Sun

Journal of Electrochemistry

The performance of catalysts highly depends on their surface structure and composition. Nanocrystals bounded by high-index facets usually exhibit high catalytic activity due to their high-density low-coordinated step atoms with high reactivity. In this paper, we have reviewed the preparations of noble metals (e.g., Pt, Pd and Rh) nanocatalysts with high-index facets by electrochemical square-wave potential method developed in our group. The square-wave potential method includes a nucleation procedure to generate nuclei, followed by a square-wave potential procedure for a certain period of time for the growth of nuclei into nanocrystals. The formation mechanism of high-index facets is also discussed. …

Recent Progress In The Mechanistic Understanding Of Co2 Reduction On Copper, Matthew M Sartin, Wei Chen, Fan He, Yan-Xia Chen

Journal of Electrochemistry

In this review, we present the major developments in the understanding of the mechanisms of the electrochemical reduction of CO₂ from a historical perspective. Most of the work discussed in this review was carried out at copper electrodes, as this is the only material at which hydrocarbons are produced in reasonable quantities. The emphasis focuses on the differentiation of mechanisms for the generation of C1 and C2 products as well as factors and methods for controlling the product selectivity of CO₂ reduction. We have highlighted ambiguities, assumptions, and important methodologies, such as differential electrochemical mass spectrometry and electrochemical …

Effect Of Nitrogen Content In Catalyst Precursor On Activity Of Fen/C Catalyst For Oxygen Reduction Reaction, Zhi Yang, Ya-Yun Shen, E Zhou, Cheng-Ling Wei, Hao-Li Qin, Juan Tian

Journal of Electrochemistry

Non-noble metal catalysts with high activity and low cost have attracted increasing interest as potential catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) to replace Pt-based catalysts. In this paper, the effect of nitrogen content in catalyst precursor on ORR activity of FeN/C catalyst was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET) surface area and pore size distribution measurements, transmission electron microscope (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and rotating disk electrode (RDE) techniques. The results show that the most active catalyst was obtained by pyrolysis in argon at 1050 °C with a catalyst precursor containing 20wt% 1,10-phenanthroline, 1wt% Fe and Black Pearl 2000. …