Electrical and Electronics Commons^™

Cleaning And Characterization Of Chemical Vapor Deposited Graphene For Nanoelectronic Device Development, Sakib Ishraq

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Nanoelectronic devices based on graphene are a promising technology that combines the sensitivity and specificity of ion and element recognition with the accuracy and precision of electronics. The detection principle is based on the interaction of the target molecules with the nanodevice surface, which generates a measurable electrical signal. In the current study, graphene and its derivatives, synthesis and fabrication of high quality, good uniformity, and low defects graphene have been investigated as they are critical for high-performance and highly sensitive devices. Among many synthesis methods, chemical vapor deposition (CVD), have been used that needs to be transferred from the …

Power And Waiting Time Efficiency At Automatic Toll Gates With The Contactless Card Payment Implementation, Ujang Wiharja, Sri Hartanto

ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development

One method of Electronic Toll Collection (ETC) in Automatic Toll Gate (ATG) currently uses contactless transactions using Radio Frequency IDentification (RFID) technology. Tracking and monitoring objects (the car) with RFID is carried out in real-time and is required to keep up with the speed of an object (the car). The On-Board Unit (OBU) transponder installed on the car's windshield and the Road Side Unit (RSU) installed on the ATG are the main components of the Dedicated Short-Range Communication (DSRC) system, which allows the car and ATG to communicate with each other and carry out transactions, including online toll payments, without …

Analysis, Optimization, And Design Of Small-Scale Hybrid-Core Inductor Designs That Achieve High Energy Densities And Low Loss, Andrew B. Nadler

Dartmouth College Ph.D Dissertations

As the size of power converters and other electronics has shrunk over time, miniaturization of passive magnetic components, namely inductors and transformers, has fallen behind. Much of this is due to magnetic scaling laws, which degrade inductor performance at reduced sizes, in contrast to other common power converter components, such as transistors and capacitors, which are conducive to construction from smaller parallel cells. This does not mean high performance and small sizes are unachievable with magnetic components, but rather that intelligent and creative magnetics design is increasingly critical.

Typical inductors utilize a conductive winding wrapped around a magnetic core, with …

Dynamic Modeling And Control Of A Solid State Semiconductor-Based Transformer, Microgrid And Storage Systems, Rubén Darío Viñán-Velasco

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Smart Grids are power grid models designed with the idea of including the growing new technologies, from generation to storage devices, and are a response to the growing demands from consumers and the presence of electronic components being commonplace in the modern devices. The design requires a dynamic alternative in order to build an independent grid that can also work in cooperation with other micro-grids and the power grid in an integrated way. Smart-grids present several advantages over the traditional power grid scheme, but the economic costs of the components required to implement smart-grids is currently a great limitation. This …

Underlying Substrate Effect On Electrochemical Activity For Hydrogen Evolution Reaction With Low-Platinum-Loaded Catalysts, Baleeswaraiah Muchharla, Peter V. Sushko, Kishor K. Sadasivuni, Wei Cao, Akash Tomar, Hani Elsayed-Ali, Adetayo Adedeji, Abdennaceur Karoui, Joshua M. Spurgeon, Bijandra Kumar

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Platinum is known as the best catalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) but the scarcity and high cost of Pt limit its widespread applicability. Herein, the role of the underlying substrate on the HER activity of dispersed Pt atoms is uncovered. A direct current magnetron sputtering technique is utilized to deposit transition metal (TM) thin films of W, Ti, and Ta as underlying substrates for extremely low loading of Pt (

A Fresh Revisit Of The Issues And Improvements In Impulse Invariance Filter Design For Infinite Impulse Response Filters, Chiman Kwan, Hal Ferguson

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

The objective of this paper is to first present some issues with impulse invariance filter (IIF) design during the design of digital infinite impulse response (IIR) filters. Engineers are often confused about some inconsistent observations. For instance, if the impulse response of a digital filter is designed using the impulse invariance procedure, then the analog and digital filters’ frequency and step responses are very different. Two simple remedies are presented in this paper. One is a post-processing approach that scales the frequency and step responses of the digital filter by the sampling interval T. Another one is a pre-processing approach …

Distance Estimation Based On Step Frequency Using Accelerometer Data, Rami M. Al-Naimat, Khawlah M. Harahsheh, Chung-Hao Chen

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

In recent years, smartphone sensors have become one of the most important and easily available sensors to facilitate people's lives, especially in health care and positioning (indoor environments). However, the data coming from smartphone sensors can be distorted during the user’s movement such as irrelevant movements, walk mode, and speed of walking. This distortion (noise) impairs the estimated distance accuracy (accumulative error) which increases with increasing walking distance. In addition, the accuracy of the distance traveled is affected by the user's speed, as the speed affects the step length. This work proposes a novel approach for calculating step length in …

Non-Invasive Monitoring Device For Early Detection Of Breast Cancer Related Lymphedema, Amy Prendergast

Honors Theses and Capstones

Breast Cancer Related Lymphedema (BCRL) is a common co-morbidity in cancer survivors following neoadjuvant therapies such as chemotherapy, radiation, and/or surgery. It is brought about by the disruption in the lymphatic system (think lymph node biopsy) that leads to a buildup of lymphatic fluid in the arm. Current diagnostic strategies for this condition are merely retroactive, and fairly limited in the parameters that are examined to ensure patient well-being long term. We hypothesize that with an approach that mimics bioimpedance spectroscopy analysis, we will be able to provide a clinical support tool that would better determine early stages of lymphedema …

Building Integration Of A Solar Air Heating System, Fernando Guerreiro

Doctoral

In order to achieve the global carbon emission target, the high fraction of locally available renewable energy sources will become necessary to meet energy demand. Solar energy is one of the most important renewable sources locally available for use in space heating, cooling, hot water supply and power production. Building integrated solar thermal systems (BISTS) can be a potential solution towards the enhanced energy efficiency and reduced operational cost in built environment. The current research aimed at developing an active solar air heating collector for building integration. This system consisted of several asymmetric compound parabolic concentrating collectors with inverted transpired …

Implementing Associative Learning Using Neuromorphic Robot, Vinay Kumar Pillalamarri

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Associative learning, a key cognitive process seen across the animal kingdom, enables organisms to form connections between stimuli and adapt their behaviors based on past experiences. A particularly powerful example is fear conditioning, where animals learn to associate a neutral stimulus with an aversive one, allowing them to predict and avoid potential threats. Inspired by this mechanism, this project implements associative learning on an unmanned ground vehicle (UGV) to develop adaptive behavior through neuromorphic principles. Utilizing Nengo for neural modeling, the UGV learns to associate visual (red color) and tactile (vibration) stimuli through Hebbian learning, a biologically inspired synaptic adaptation …

Reinventing Integrated Photonic Devices And Circuits For High Performance Communication And Computing Applications, Venkata Sai Praneeth Karempudi

Theses and Dissertations--Electrical and Computer Engineering

The long-standing technological pillars for computing systems evolution, namely Moore's law and Von Neumann architecture, are breaking down under the pressure of meeting the capacity and energy efficiency demands of computing and communication architectures that are designed to process modern data-centric applications related to Artificial Intelligence (AI), Big Data, and Internet-of-Things (IoT). In response, both industry and academia have turned to 'more-than-Moore' technologies for realizing hardware architectures for communication and computing. Fortunately, Silicon Photonics (SiPh) has emerged as one highly promising ‘more-than-Moore’ technology. Recent progress has enabled SiPh-based interconnects to outperform traditional electrical interconnects, offering advantages like high bandwidth density, …

A Chinese Power Text Classification Algorithm Based On Deep Active Learning, Song Deng, Qianliang Li, Renjie Dai, Siming Wei, Di Wu, Yi He, Xindong Wu

Computer Science Faculty Publications

The construction of knowledge graph is beneficial for grid production, electrical safety protection, fault diagnosis and traceability in an observable and controllable way. Highly-precision text classification algorithm is crucial to build a professional knowledge graph in power system. Unfortunately, there are a large number of poorly described and specialized texts in the power business system, and the amount of data containing valid labels in these texts is low. This will bring great challenges to improve the precision of text classification models. To offset the gap, we propose a classification algorithm for Chinese text in the power system based on deep …

Functional Verification Of Additively Manufactured Metallopolymer Structures For Structural Electronics Design, Nathan D. Singhal

Honors Undergraduate Theses

As an attempt to improve the overall cost-effectiveness and ease of structural electronics manufacturing, this study characterizes the mechanical and electrical responses of structures which are fabricated from a novel metallopolymer composite material by fused deposition modeling as they are subjected to quasi-static, uniaxial mechanical tension. Baseline values of tensile properties and electrical resistivity were first obtained via ASTM D638-22 standard testing procedures and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), respectively. A hybrid procedure to measure in-situ mechanically dependent electrical behavior was subsequently developed and implemented. The mechanical and electromechanical testing was followed by the derivation of stochastic values for several mechanical …

Autonomous Damage And Structure Scanning Drone, Natasha Ninan, Amber Long, Lee Nestor, Emmanuel Jensen

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

Remote damage analysis plays a crucial role in lowering the risk associated with human presence at dangerous sites. This project focuses on developing a system for remote structural examination using photogrammetric techniques and analysis. The system utilizes a drone equipped with cameras for photogrammetry, and LiDARs for navigation. This setup can enable efficient structural model generation with the collection of images from multiple points. A novel structural analysis is performed to detect potential damage or points of failure in the structure.

Key components include a teleoperated drone, a software pipeline for photogrammetric analysis, collision protection mechanisms, and a user interface. …

Smart Longboard, Ben Rath

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

The proposed design project includes a motorized longboard, equipped with a wireless handheld remote to manage the speed of the board. An embedded system mounted underneath the board will gather data from an accelerometer and a GPS sensor. This information is sent through a Bluetooth connection to a compatible smartphone application where it will be displayed. The project also includes a custom battery and charging circuit for the board to ensure that all of the engineering requirements are met. The board will be easy to use and the smartphone application will be able to display ride statistics of the user …

Electronics Design For Krepe Atmospheric Entry Capsule Avionics, Matt Ruffner

Theses and Dissertations--Electrical and Computer Engineering

This research documents the design, testing, and implementation of sensing, control, and communications subsystems for small atmospheric entry capsules. Atmospheric entry capsules pose a unique electronics design challenge given mission requirements, environmental constraints, and inherent risk involved in space based missions. Previous work on small satellites developed the CubeSat platform as a means of ensuring reliability after university-led small satellite missions experienced failures. The publication of the CubeSat platform allowed researchers to focus on the payload science utilizing a standardized form-factor and reusable electronics. Environmental and operational constraints of CubeSats and atmospheric entry capsules overlap and best-practices associated with building …

Mitigation Of Reflected Overvoltage In Wind-Turbine Generator-Converter Systems With A Smart Coil Concept, Lulu Wei

Theses and Dissertations--Electrical and Computer Engineering

In the recent decade, ultra-fast wide bandgap switching devices such as Silicon Carbide (SiC) Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistors (MOSFETs) have been increasingly utilized in power electronic converters for renewable energy power generation systems due to their advantages of enabling high energy efficiency and high power density. However, the much higher voltage slew rate (i.e., dv/dt) with SiC power converters may induce voltage reflection and reliability concerns in machine-converter systems, especially for medium-voltage systems with long cable connections. In wind-turbine power generation systems, generators are typically located in the nacelles, and medium-voltage power converters are mostly placed at the bottom of the …

A Novel Processor Architecture Implementing The Stacked Error Diffusion Algorithm And Its Zynq-Based Realization, Qishi Hu

Theses and Dissertations--Electrical and Computer Engineering

Digital halftoning reproduces continuous-tone images using patterns of black and white dots, while multitoning extends this concept by incorporating inks with intermediate intensities. These techniques are extensively utilized in the printing industry to accommodate the limited range of inks available in printers. Stacked error diffusion is a high-quality multitoning algorithm that adheres to the blue-noise dithering standard. This thesis research studies the potential parallelism inherent in the algorithm and introduces the design of a novel processor architecture optimized for efficient execution. The architecture is realized on an FPGA development board featuring a Zynq SoC. Additionally, the hardware prototype can also …

Experimental Investigation Of Self-Mixing Interferometric Technique For Displacement Assessment, Dulanjana Anuhas Egodagamage

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

The self-mixing interferometric (SMI) technique has proven effective for achieving precise, contactless measurements of submicron displacements. This study aims to further investigate and experimentally assess the capabilities of the SMI technique in displacement sensing. While extensive research has been conducted on the SMI technique for displacement sensing, its performance can still be further explored in scenarios where the target exhibits varying displacement amplitudes and oscillation frequencies. Understanding the limitations and ranges of the SMI technique is crucial for advancing laboratory-based setups into practical applications. An experimental optoelectronic setup was used in this work, employing a semiconductor laser diode module integrated …

การพัฒนาแพลตฟอร์มเมตาเวิร์สแบบเว็บที่มีระบบสนับสนุนปัญญาประดิษฐ์, สืบพงศ์ น้อยศรี

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

วิทยานิพนธ์ฉบับนี้นำเสนอการพัฒนาต้นแบบแพลตฟอร์มเมตาเวิร์สที่มีขีดความสามารถขั้นพื้นฐานครอบคลุมระบบอวาทาร์ ระบบผู้ใช้หลายราย ระบบสื่อสารตามเวลา ระบบการเชื่อมต่อแชตบอต และฉากโลกเสมือนจริงสามมิติที่เหมือนจริง แพลตฟอร์มที่พัฒนาขึ้นนี้ถูกนำไปใช้ประโยชน์กับหน่วยงานภาคการศึกษาและภาคธุรกิจ ทั้งหน่วยงานภายในจุฬาลงกรณ์มหาวิทยาลัยและสถาบันการศึกษาทั้งในประเทศและระดับนานาชาติ ผลการทดสอบพบว่าระบบทำงานได้ให้ผลสัมฤทธิ์ที่ดีและมีคุณภาพตามความต้องการใช้งานในทางปฏิบัติ สามารถประยุกต์ใช้กับการสร้างห้องเรียนเสมือนออนไลน์ในโลกเสมือนจริง รองรับระบบการสื่อสารระหว่างผู้ใช้ทั้งภาพ เสียง และข้อความ อีกทั้งยังสามารถใช้งานร่วมกับระบบแชตบอตจากภายนอกได้ผ่านระบบเอพีไอที่พัฒนาขึ้น ผลการทดสอบบนระบบคลาวด์ของบริษัท โทรคมนาคมแห่งชาติ จำกัด แสดงให้เห็นว่าระบบสามารถรองรับปริมาณผู้ใช้งานได้ไม่น้อยกว่า 30 รายพร้อมกัน ผลการทดสอบในเชิงประสบการณ์การใช้งานมีระดับความพึงพอใจในเชิงบวก งานวิจัยและพัฒนาจึงให้ประโยชน์และเป็นจุดเริ่มต้นของการประยุกต์ใช้เทคโนโลยีเมตาเวิร์สในวงกว้าง

Detecting Bearing Race Defects With Inductive Magnetic Reluctance Sensors And Artificial Neural Networks, Collin Daly

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

This work proposes a method of detecting physical damage to bearing races in a rotational assembly by means of magnetic reluctance sensors generating a signal from a rotating gear-tooth wheel. A nominally sinusoidal signal is generated based on the rotation of a gearwheel with regularly spaced voids and lands. Detection is based on the time variance of the signal periodically in relation to the gearwheel and the bearing damage. The purpose of this work is to propose a process to detect and classify bearing race defects using existing sensors and neural networks for hazardous area equipment applications.

Enhancing 5g Fixed Wireless Access In Rural Settings Via Machine Learning-Driven Resource Optimization, Maryam Amini

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Providing broadband access to rural communities continues to be an important societal problem whose solution would help to break down the digital divide. While 5G wireless networks may be used for rural broadband, a key challenge is the placement of base stations, which is exacerbated by the use of high frequencies in the millimeter-wave band. Such technology requires an unobstructed line of sight, demanding meticulous planning of the number, height, and location of base stations for optimal coverage. Conventional methods, such as ray-tracing to simulate signal propagation across varied terrain, are computational costly and not feasible for vast coverage areas. …

Developing Robust Autonomous Vehicles With Ros, Dylan J. Kangas

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

The demand for autonomous vehicles (AVs) is rising across both military and civilian sectors. These unmanned systems offer numerous advantages, such as improved efficiency, safety, and adaptability. Addressing this demand requires the development of resilient and versatile autonomous vehicles crucial for the transport and reconnaissance markets.

The sensory perception of autonomous vehicles of any kind is paramount to their ability to navigate and localize in their environment. Factors such as sensor noise, erroneous readings, and deliberate attacks should all be considered when developing a robust autonomous system. This work aims to quantify the degradation of sensor data which causes mapping …

Aggregation And Oligomerization Characterization Of Ss-Lactoglobulin Protein Using A Solid-State Nanopore Sensor, Mitu C. Acharjee, Brad Ledden, Brian Thomas, Xianglan He, Troy Messina, Jason Giurleo, David Talaga, Jiali Li

Physics Faculty Publications and Presentations

Protein aggregation is linked to many chronic and devastating neurodegenerative human diseases and is strongly associated with aging. This work demonstrates that protein aggregation and oligomerization can be evaluated by a solid-state nanopore method at the single molecule level. A silicon nitride nanopore sensor was used to characterize both the amyloidogenic and native-state oligomerization of a model protein ß-lactoglobulin variant A (βLGa). The findings from the nanopore measurements are validated against atomic force microscopy (AFM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) data, comparing βLGa aggregation from the same samples at various stages. By calibrating with linear and circular dsDNA, this study …

Real-Time Cyber-Power Testbed Enhancement And Synchrophasor Data Generation For Anomaly Detection Using Physics-Informed Machine Learning, Vasavi Sivaramakrishnan

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Advanced sensing and automation are essential to managing the evolving electric power system with tight coupling of information and power system layer. However, this increasing number of cyber-physical devices brings vulnerabilities from cyber threats and extreme weather events can endanger the power system on a physical level as well. Advanced monitoring and control algorithms with human operators in the loop are needed to enable power system resiliency despite these increasing threats. These advanced algorithms require validation using a realistic test system that mimics real-world scenarios.

This work focuses on a) developing a realistic real-time cyber-power testbed with hardware-in-the-loop to generate …

Passive Wireless Corrosion And Temperature Detection In High-Temperature Environments, Noah Lane Strader

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This work focuses on the theory and development of LC sensors for high temperature and corrosion measurement for stainless steel and copper surfaces with power industry and general corrosion detection applications. The LC resonators were fabricated via screen printing an Ag inductor on an alumina substrate. The LC design was modeled using the ANSYS HFSS modeling package. The LC passive wireless sensors operate with resonant frequencies centered at 85-110 MHz. The wireless response of the LC sensor was interrogated and received by a radio frequency signal generator and spectrum analyzer at temperatures from 50-800 °C for copper ground planes and …

Low Power Remote Sensing System For Ceramic Thermocouples, Syed Khaleduzzaman

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The ceramic thermocouple sensor is a promising alternative to traditional thermocouple due to their corrosion resistance and cost-effective manufacturing. Currently, no electronic Interface or Integrated Circuit solution is commercially available which can be used to interface these thermocouples at low-cost and low power for accurate temperature measurement. An electronic system is needed to use these ceramic sensors which consumes less amount of power for an extensive period of time with remote monitoring option.

This thesis proposes a low-power electronic remote sensing system that works for ceramic thermocouples. The system consists of three parts. They are battery-operated sensor node electronic circuit, …

Particle Accelerator Spin-Transparent Storage Rings For Beyond State-Of-The-Art Science, R. Suleiman, Y. Derbenev, M. Grau, V. Morozov

Physics Faculty Publications

We will describe spin-transparent storage rings that exhibit spin-coherence times of several hours and store a large number of particles and their use in novel applications. For example, these rings can be used to directly measure the electric dipole moment of the electron, relevant to CP violation and matter-antimatter asymmetry in the universe, and to search for dark energy and ultra-light dark matter*. These rings can also serve as a compelling platform for quantum computing. In this presentation, we will describe how spin-transparent rings can be used in conjunction with ion traps to enhance scalability and increase quantum coherence times …

Lightweight Neural Network Pipeline Model For Drone Collision Prediction System Using Limited Computing Resources, Rifqi Nabila Zufar

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

This thesis focuses on developing a drone collision prediction algorithm by adapting the Neural Network Pipeline (NNP) for use in limited computing resources devices. While NNP is effective with sufficient computation, its performance in constrained environments remains untested. To address this issue, an adaptation of NNP using post-training quantization is developed. This method effectively compresses the model by reducing the precision of the 32-bit floating point. This adaptation aims at reducing model complexity and offers significant benefits in terms of reduced model size, increased processing speed, and reduced power consumption. It results in the expense of prediction accuracy. The MobileNetV3Small …

Study On Skin Cancer Classification Architectures Based-On Cnn With Channel And Spatial Attention Mechanism, Zahid Maqbool

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

The early and accurate detection of skin cancer is crucial for effective treatment and improving patient survival rates. This research explores innovative CNN-based architectures enhanced with Channel Attention and Spatial Attention (CASA) mechanisms for classifying skin cancer types from dermoscopic images. Building on the strengths of transfer learning, the study applies pre-trained models VGG16, InceptionResNetV2, and EfficientNet variants (EfficientNet B0 to B7) and customizes them for skin cancer classification using CASA modules. The CASA integration allows the models to selectively focus on critical features within images, enhancing both spatial and channel-based feature extraction. Experiments utilize the HAM10000 dataset. Which contains …