Electrical and Electronics Commons^™

Formation Of Infrared Windows Of Transparency In One-Dimensional Silicon Photonic Crystals, Anna Baldycheva, Vladmir A; Tolmachev, Tatiana S. Perova, Kevin Berwick

Articles

The optical properties of three-component one-dimensional photonic crystal (1-D PC) structures were investigated by modeling them as two-component PCs with an additional regular t-layer, using the gap map approach and the transfer matrix method. Numerical results demonstrate that the introduction of the t-layer affects the properties of the high-order photonic band gaps, replacing them with transmission bands and creating regions of transparency over certain wavelength ranges. For the first time, a map of the transmission bands for a three-component 1-D PC was generated. This map constitutes a unique design tool for infrared optical filters for silicon-based photonic integrated …

On Improving Electrooculogram-Based Computer Mouse Systems: The Accelerometer Trigger, Johnalan Keegan, Edward Burke, James Condron, Eugene Coyle

Conference Papers

Eye tracking is a well-established method of computer control for profoundly paralysed people (Anson et al., 2002). Cameras are commonly used to track eye movements (Morimoto et al., 2005) but one alternative is the bioelectrical signal known as the electrooculogram (EOG). There are some EOG mouse control systems that facilitate the use of GUI applications, but certain actions, which are straightforward using a conventional mouse, remain impossible. Unless the eyes are tracking a target, they move in saccades (jumps), making it impossible to voluntarily trace out smooth trajectories with one's gaze, as would be required to draw a smooth curve. …

Clustering Nmf Basis Functions Using Shifted Nmf For Monaural Sound Source Separation, Rajesh Jaiswal, Derry Fitzgerald, Dan Barry, Eugene Coyle, Scott Rickard

Conference papers

Non-negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) has found use in single
channel separation of audio signals, as it gives a parts-based decom-
position of audio spectrograms where the parts typically correspond
to individual notes or chords. However, a notable shortcoming of
NMF is the need to cluster the basis functions to their sources af-
ter decomposition. Despite recent improvements in algorithms for
clustering the basis functions to sources, much work still remains to
further improve these algorithms. To this end we present a novel
clustering algorithm which overcomes some of the limitations of
previous clustering methods. This involves the use of Shifted …

Preparation And Characterization Of Iron Oxide And Hydroxide Based Nanomaterials, Guillermo Carbajal Franco

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Iron (Fe) oxides and hydroxides are common and abundant materials. They exhibit diverse crystal structures, properties and phenomena by virtue of which they find a wide range of scientific and technological applications. Controlled growth and manipulation of the specific structure and electronic behavior to meet the requirements of a given application is a challenging problem in view of many possible phases and composition of the resulting materials. The preparation method and experimental conditions will, therefore, significantly affect the properties and performance of Fe oxides and hydroxides. The goal of the project is to obtain Fe-based oxide/hydroxide catalytic materials and to …

Psychophysical Similarity Based Feature Selection For Nodule Retrieval In Ct, Ravi K. Samala

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

The emerging paradigms in cancer research indicate the need for a multi-perspective and multi-modal screening approach for early lung cancer diagnosis to increase the probability of clinical resection. Currently no standalone screening methodology is proved to suffice for a clinical diagnosis. Computed tomography has been proved to present abnormality at an early stage with less impact on survival rate in population studies. Nevertheless, because of its non-invasive characteristic, it can be used for diagnosis, prognosis and visualization of tumor. Studies have shown that Computer aided diagnosis (CAD) as a second reader can perform in a similar capacity as a radiologist. …

Synthesis, Processing And Characterization Of Silicon-Based Templated Nanowires, Jae Ho Lee

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Semiconductor and metallic nanowires have attracted substantial attention due to their wide variety of applications, ranging from nanoelectronics to energy storage devices. In particular, self-assembled silicon nanowires (SiNWs) may be an attractive alternative to conventionally processed planar silicon since SiNWs can potentially function as both the switch (i.e. transistor) and local interconnect (e.g. metal silicide nanowire) to form an inherently integrated nanoelectronic system. Also, hierarchical (branched) nanowire systems hold potential for catalysts or porous electrode applications for energy applications

Energy Band Engineering Using Polarization Induced Interface Charges In Mocvd Grown Iii-Nitride Heterojunction Devices, Neeraj Tripathi

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Characteristics of III-nitride based heterojunction devices are greatly influenced by the presence of high density of polarization induced interface charges. Research undertaken in the current doctoral thesis demonstrates the effect of presence of one, three and six sheets of polarization induced charges in three different III-nitride based devices, namely in a photocathode, a high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) and a hyperspectral detector structure. Through a systematic set of experiments and theoretical modeling an in-depth study of the interaction between multiple sheets of polarization induced charges and their impact on energy band profile was undertaken. Various device designs were studied and …

Characteristics Of Different Focusing Antennas In The Near Field Region, Shaya Karimkashi

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Focusing antennas are of interest in many application including microwave wireless power transmission, remote (non-contact) sensing, and medical applications. Different kinds of antennas such as array antennas, reflector antennas and Fresnel zone plate (FZP) antennas have been used for these applications. Here, first, a new scheme in designing focused array antennas with desired sidelobe levels (SLLs) in the near field region is presented. The performance of the large focused array antennas is predicted based on the knowledge of the mutual admittances of a smaller array. The effects of various focal distances on the near field pattern of these antennas are …

Reduced-Order Equivalent-Circuit Models Of Thermal Systems Including Thermal Radiation, Serap Karagol

Dissertations

We established a general, automatic, and versatile procedure to derive an equivalent circuit for a thermal system using temperature data obtained from FE simulations. The EC topology was deduced from the FE mesh using a robust and general graph-partitioning algorithm. The method was shown to yield models that are independent of the boundary conditions for complicated 3D thermal systems such as an electronic chip. The results are strongly correlated with the geometry, and the EC can be extended to yield variable medium-order models. Moreover, a variety of heat sources and boundary conditions can be accommodated, and the EC models are …

An Investigation Into The Effect Of Blood Glucose Level Changes On Lf/Hf Parameter Of Hrv Signal In Non-Diabetic And Diabetic Individuals, Reza M. Amanipour

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

The analysis of time duration between consecutive R waves of electrocardiogram (ECG) is a standard method to evaluate the variations in heart rate. The physiological literature reveals that blood glucose levels modulate the autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity and heart rate variability (HRV) is representative of the cardiovascular autonomic function. In the research, an investigation was carried out to investigate the relationship between HRV signal measures derived from ECG and arterial blood glucose changes in five non-diabetic and five diabetic individuals during normoglycemic and mildly hyperglycemic conditions. A CleveLabs BioCapture wireless device was used to acquire ECG signals from ten …

Evaluation Methods For Health Monitoring Of Aerospace Structure Rotary Joints, Sergio Armando Navarro

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

In September 2007, the excessive vibrations played a significant role in the station operation since one of the rotary joints, which provides the station electrical energy, presented an anomaly. The replacement of its bearing components and re-lubrication were necessary to reduce the problem. To avoid a new anomaly, the inspection of the rotary joints performance continues by using the accelerometers data. This thesis presents three new approaches to monitor the vibrations at the International Space Station based on Root-Mean-Square, kurtosis, and Approximate Entropy (ApEn). MATLAB functions and codes were necessary to implement the three monitoring techniques results from the provided …

Aether, Thomas Cameron, Kristine Colton, Daren Childers

Electrical Engineering

Aether is a RC-style autonomous air vehicle that utilizes GPS positioning along with a wireless communication system to achieve a computer-controlled flight.

This report will incorporate the acquisition, design, integration, implementation and testing phases of the UAV development. Furthermore a discussion of troubleshooting as well as improvements for future projects will be included.

Wireless Energy Transfer, Ryan Sasur

Electrical Engineering

Phones are now an integral component in the daily lives of people. Smartphones give access to movies, internet, and even books. This versatility and increased use can also lead to a shorter battery life. A phone with video viewing capabilities will be a heavy load on the unit’s battery. With phones utilizing 3G and 4G technology, even heavier demands are placed on the battery. As technology improves even further to provide for a larger entertainment experience on the phone, this could also lead to further battery degradation if the current battery situation isn’t addressed. To have a fully operational phone …

Cmos Rf Cituits Sic] Variability And Reliability Resilient Design, Modeling, And Simulation, Yidong Liu

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The work presents a novel voltage biasing design that helps the CMOS RF circuits resilient to variability and reliability. The biasing scheme provides resilience through the threshold voltage (VT) adjustment, and at the mean time it does not degrade the PA performance. Analytical equations are established for sensitivity of the resilient biasing under various scenarios. Power Amplifier (PA) and Low Noise Amplifier (LNA) are investigated case by case through modeling and experiment. PTM 65nm technology is adopted in modeling the transistors within these RF blocks. A traditional class-AB PA with resilient design is compared the same PA without such design …

Hydro-Electric Generation System For The Dc House Project, Dennis Kwan, Mitchell Krug

Electrical Engineering

This paper focuses on the design, integration, and construction of a system that harnesses energy from flowing water. The system will be used in conjunction with the DC House Project. The proposed system employs a DC generator and DC-DC Boost-converter to provide electricity to the DC House at approximately 200-300W. Results of the testing and measurement show that the goal of the system is feasible, but currently limited. The generator could not output the specified power. Details of the design, along with ideas for further improvement, are presented in this report.

Investigation And Trade Study On Hot Carrier Reliability Of The Phemt For Dc And Rf Performance, Jason Steighner

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

A unified study on the hot carrier reliability of the Pseudomorphic High Electron Mobility Transistor (PHEMT) is carried out through Sentaurus Device Simulation, measurement, and physical analyses. A trade study of devices with four various geometries are evaluated for DC and RF performance. The trade-off of DC I-V characteristics, transconductance, and RF parameters versus hot carrier induced gate current is assessed for each device. Ambient temperature variation is also evaluated to observe its impact on hot carrier effects. A commercial grade PHEMT is then evaluated and measured to demonstrate the performance degradation that occurs after a period of operation in …

Feature Pruning For Action Recognition In Complex Environment, Adarsh Nagaraja

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

A significant number of action recognition research efforts use spatio-temporal interest point detectors for feature extraction. Although the extracted features provide useful information for recognizing actions, a significant number of them contain irrelevant motion and background clutter. In many cases, the extracted features are included as is in the classification pipeline, and sophisticated noise removal techniques are subsequently used to alleviate their effect on classification. We introduce a new action database, created from the Weizmann database, that reveals a significant weakness in systems based on popular cuboid descriptors. Experiments show that introducing complex backgrounds, stationary or dynamic, into the video …

An Improved Ocean Vector Winds Retrieval Approach Using C- And Ku-Band Scatterometer And Multi-Frequency Microwave Radiometer Measurements, Suleiman Odeh Alsweiss

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation will specifically address the issue of improving the quality of satellite scatterometer retrieved ocean surface vector winds (OVW), especially in the presence of strong rain associated with tropical cyclones. A novel active/passive OVW retrieval algorithm is developed that corrects Ku-band scatterometer measurements for rain effects and then uses them to retrieve accurate OVW. The rain correction procedure makes use of independent information available from collocated multi-frequency passive microwave observations provided by a companion sensor and also from simultaneous C-band scatterometer measurements. The synergy of these active and passive measurements enables improved correction for rain effects, which enhances the …

Nonlinear Estimation And Control For Assistive Robots, Zhao Wang

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In this thesis, we document the progress in the estimation and control design of a smart assistive robot arm that can provide assistance during activities of daily living to the elderly and/or users with disabilities. Interaction with the environment is made challenging by the kinematic uncertainty in the robot, imperfect sensor calibration, limited view of angle as well as the fact that most activities of daily living are generally required to be performed in unstructured environments. For monocular visual systems, range (or depth) information is always crucial for target modeling and system control design. In the first part of my …

Spatio-Temporal Negotiation Protocols, Yi Luo

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Canonical problems are simplified representations of a class of real world problems. They allow researchers to compare algorithms in a standard setting which captures the most important challenges of the real world problems being modeled. In this dissertation, we focus on negotiating a collaboration in space and time, a problem with many important real world applications. Although technically a multi-issue negotiation, we show that the problem can not be represented in a satisfactory manner by previous models. We propose the "Children in the Rectangular Forest" (CRF) model as a possible canonical problem for negotiating spatio-temporal collaboration. In the CRF problem, …

Reliability Study Of Ingap/Gaas Heterojunction Bipolar Transistor Mmic Technology By Characterization, Modeling And Simulation, Xiang Liu

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Recent years have shown real advances of microwave monolithic integrated circuits (MMICs) for millimeter-wave frequency systems, such as wireless communication, advanced imaging, remote sensing and automotive radar systems, as MMICs can provide the size, weight and performance required for these systems. Traditionally, GaAs pseudomorphic high electron mobility transistor (pHEMT) or InP based MMIC technology has dominated in millimeter-wave frequency applications because of their high fT and fmax as well as their superior noise performance. But these technologies are very expensive. Thus, for low cost and high performance applications, InGaP/GaAs heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs) are quickly becoming the preferred technology to …

Labeled Sampling Consensus A Novel Algorithm For Robustly Fitting Multiple Structures Using Compressed Sampling, Carl J. Messina

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The ability to robustly fit structures in datasets that contain outliers is a very important task in Image Processing, Pattern Recognition and Computer Vision. Random Sampling Consensus or RANSAC is a very popular method for this task, due to its ability to handle over 50% outliers. The problem with RANSAC is that it is only capable of finding a single structure. Therefore, if a dataset contains multiple structures, they must be found sequentially by finding the best fit, removing the points, and repeating the process. However, removing incorrect points from the dataset could prove disastrous. This thesis offers a novel …

Data-True Characterization Of Neuronal Models, Jose Suarez

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In this thesis, a weighted least squares approach is initially presented to estimate the parameters of an adaptive quadratic neuronal model. By casting the discontinuities in the state variables at the spiking instants as an impulse train driving the system dynamics, the neuronal output is represented as a linearly parameterized model that depends on filtered versions of the input current and the output voltage at the cell membrane. A prediction errorbased weighted least squares method is formulated for the model. This method allows for rapid estimation of model parameters under a persistently exciting input current injection. Simulation results show the …

High Linearity 5.8 Ghz Power Amplifier With An Internal Linearizer, Yiheng Wang

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

A 5.8 GHz RF Power Amplifier (PA) is designed and fabricated in this work, which has very high linearity through a built-in linearizer. The PA is designed, post-layout simulated by Agilent Advanced Design System (ADS) software and fabricated by Win-Semiconductors 0.15µm pHEMT process technology. The post-layout simulation results illustrate the power amplifier can obtained an output power of 23.98 dBm, a power gain of 32.28 dB and a power added efficiency (PAE) of 29% at saturation region, the 3rd intermodulation distortion (IMD3) of -37.7 dBc at 0 dBm input power is attained when operation frequency is 5.8 GHz. We finally …

Rain Rate Retrieval Algorithm For Aquarius/Sac-D Microwave Radiometer, Rosa Ana Menzerotolo

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Microwave radiometers are used to measure blackbody microwave emissions emitted by natural targets. Radiative transfer theory provides a well founded physical relationship between the atmosphere and surface geophysical parameters and the brightness temperature measured by these radiometers. The atmospheric brightness temperature is proportional to the integral of the microwave absorption of water vapor, oxygen, and liquid water between the top of the atmosphere and the surface. Inverse radiative transfer models use to retrieve the water vapor, cloud liquid and oxygen content in the atmosphere are very well known; however, the retrieval of rain rate in the atmosphere is still a …

Modeling, Design And Fabrication Of Orthogonal And Psuedo-Orthogonal Frequency Coded Saw Wireless Spread Spectrum Rfid Sensor Tags, Nancy Saldanha

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensors offer a wireless, passive sensor solution for use in numerous environments where wired sensing can be expensive and infeasible. Single carrier frequency SAW sensor embodiments such as delay lines, and resonators have been used in single sensor environments where sensor identification is not a necessity. The orthogonal frequency coded (OFC) SAW sensor tag embodiment developed at UCF uses a spread spectrum approach that allows interrogation in a multi-sensor environment and provides simultaneous sensing and sensor identi- fication. The SAW device is encoded via proper design of multiple Bragg reflectors at differing frequencies. To enable accurate …

Incremental Lifecycle Validation Of Knowledge-Based Systems Through Commonkads, Feras Batarseh

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation introduces a novel validation method for knowledge-based systems (KBS). Validation is an essential phase in the development lifecycle of knowledge-based systems. Validation ensures that the system is valid, reliable and that it reflects the knowledge of the expert and meets the specifications. Although many validation methods have been introduced for knowledge-based systems, there is still a need for an incremental validation method based on a lifecycle model. Lifecycle models provide a general framework for the developer and a mapping technique from the system into the validation process. They support reusability, modularity and offer guidelines for knowledge engineers to …

Class F And Inverse Class F Power Amplifier Subject To Electrical Stress Effect, Giji Skaria

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study investigated the Class F and inverse Class F RF power amplifier operating at 5.8 GHz. The major challenging issue in design and implementation of CMOS power transistor is the breakdown voltage especially in sub-micron CMOS technologies. In order to eliminate this problem a Cascode topologies were implemented to reduce the Drain-toSource voltage (stress). A Cascode Class F & Inverse Class F RF power amplifier were designed, and optimized in order to improve efficiency and reliability using 0.18µm CMOS technology process. A 50% decrease in the stress has been achieved in the Cascode class-F and Inverse class F amplifiers. …

Study Of Esd Effects On Rf Power Amplifiers, Raju, Divya Narasimha

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Today, ESD is a major consideration in the design and manufacture of ICs. ESD problems are increasing in the electronics industry because of the increasing trend toward higher speed and smaller device sizes. There is growing interest in knowing the effects of ESD protection circuit on the performance of semiconductor integrated circuits (ICs) because of the impact it has on core RF circuit performance. This study investigated the impact of ESD protection circuit on RF Power amplifiers. Even though ESD protection for digital circuits has been known for a while, RF-ESD is a challenge. From a thorough literature search on …

Protection Of Embedded Systems For Applications Involving High Loading Rate Mechanical Forces, Amjad Alsakarneh

Theses

This thesis describes the development of a methodology to optimise the dimensions and mechanical properties of force-absorbing layers surrounding miniaturised embedded electronic modules subject to high mechanical compressive/impact forces and vibration. While much has been published on the mechanical protection of electronic systems in larger scale applications, where traditional mechanical shock absorbers and springs can be used to protect the electronics, little has been published on the mechanical protection of miniature electronic modules embedded in smart structures and materials where traditional methods of mechanical protection are not feasible. The generalised system concept used in this thesis is of module encapsulation …