Electrical and Electronics Commons^™

Monolithic Induction-Sourced Ac-To-Dc Power Supply Design, Jianhua Chen

Theses

This thesis describes techniques with design nomographs for supplying power to CMOS and microelectromechanical implanted devices. These applications require voltages in the range of 5 to 50 volts. Different kinds of voltage multiplier circuits were used to achieve high voltage output. The AC-to-DC and DC-to-DC capacitive bootstrap voltage multipliers are designed and analyzed. The AC-to-DC and DC-to-DC inductive bootstrap voltage multiplier circuits are presented and the SPICE simulations are done with those circuits. Four different options of inductive link high voltage power supply are presented, analyzed and compared. The link parameters of two VLSI-compatible square-shaped coils are calculated in both …

Implementation Of Parallel Sorting Algorithms On A Transputer Network, Venkatraman U. Calidas

Theses

Many sorting algorithms, such as the bubble sort and the binary tree selection sort, are n-squared algorithms and take O (n2) time to sort n values. These can be easily parallelized; the resulting sorts are called the odd-even transposition sort and the parallel tree selection sort, respectively. These have O(nlogn) time complexity. The quicksort is an O(nlogn) algorithm and it can parallelized to make it an O(logn) algorithm.

A transputer is a microprocessor which has serial links to transmit and receive data from other transputers. The above algorithms are implemented on a network of transputers and the link connections for …

Reflection And Transmission Through Achiral-Chiral Interface, Jia-Feng Wang

Theses

Electromagnetic wave propagation through an achiral-chiral interface is analyzed via Maxwell's equations using the appropriate boundary conditions. Experimental data for reflected power from achiral-chiral interface was found to be in qualitative agreement with the analytical results. In addition, coupled mode equations for chiral cladding waveguides were derived and solved for weak coupling. The experimental results of chiral cladding waveguides show that an average of about 0.2° per cm in polarization rotation occurred. These waveguides were fabricated by using spin-coating deposition. The sense of the rotation was found to be independent of the handness of the cladding chirality, which was predicted …

Modeling And Analysis Of Electrical Properties Of Polycrystalline Silicon Films, Yunsheng Wang

Theses

In recent years, investigations on polysilicon grain structures have shown that all polysilicon films by LPCVD which are most used in today's integrated circuits are columnar in structure. In this work, a square columnar grain structure has been considered to model electrical properties of polycrystalline silicon films instead of all previous one-dimensional grain structure models. By solving Poisson's equation with certain boundary conditions, we find that the barrier height at the corners of the grain is lower than that in the one-dimensional case. Assuming the trapping state energy level as constant, we also find that this level has a value …

Microengineered Thermal Conductivity Vacuum Pressure Sensor, Sanjay Talreja

Theses

This thesis details the first designs for microengineered vacuum pressure gauges based on silicon microelectronic technology. A monolithic polysilicon air-bridge structure (supported at both ends), within a Wheatstone bridge circuit, is used as a pressure sensor. The device utilizes the change of the thermal conductivity of a gas with ambient gas pressure. The doubly supported beam functions as a temperature sensitive resistor with a negative temperature coefficient of resistivity. Thermal change of resistance monitored as a measure of ambient pressure constitutes the basis of operation for this sensor. The sensor operates over the pressure ranging from 1 Torr to 10 …

An Optically Powered Cmos On-Chip Power Supply, Jaeyong Jeong

Theses

This thesis presents an optically powered CMOS on-chip power supply for CMOS IC applications. There exists a need for specialized chips that are located remotely and are powered by light supplied through fiber-optic cabling. An optically powered CMOS on-chip power supply circuit described in this thesis is composed of three subcircuits; light to voltage converter circuit, clock pulse generator circuit, and voltage multiplier circuit. Each subcircuit has been analyzed and designed, and simmulated using SPICE 2G.5/6 with 3pm CMOS SPICE parameters from the MOSIS. The circuits layout has been done using MAGIC according to the MOSIS scalable CMOS design rules. …

Max/Min : A Novel Rank Order Based Filter Family, Raafat E. Kamel

Theses

In the early development of signal and image processing, linear filters were the primary tools. Their mathematical simplicity made them easy to design and implement. They also offered satisfactory performance in many applications. However, they show poor performance in other cases, such as image processing.

Nonlinear filtering offered a solution to these problems. Nonlinear filtering has undergone a lot development for a long time. Among the first known nonlinear filters was the median filter, which was proposed by Tukey. Median filter preserves signal or image details better compared to a linear filter. Later other nonlinear filters were developed, including median …

Design Of A Cmos Temperature Sensor With Eeprom Error Correction Scheme, Jin-Ku Kang

Theses

This thesis describes the design and operation of a CMOS temperature sensor operating at very low power with an EEPROM error correction scheme including the physical layout. This device is designed for applications requiring very low power including biomedical and optically powered device applications. The sensor output is an analog voltage. The temperature sensing cell is implemented with two BJTs having different emitter areas. An op amp dissipating about 300 micro-watts power is designed and is used to amplify the sensor output voltage with a gain of 85dB. A novel EEPROM is used to correct nonlinearity error of the temperature …

A Transputer Based Distributed Graphics Display, Ramana V. Kattula

Theses

The design of a transputer based graphics display is discussed. The problems associated with the single processor graphics systems are described. A solution based on multiple transputers is proposed. The transputer based graphics display described is a general purpose graphics system which can achieve any required compute performance and drawing performance without using special hardware. The display resolution and color depth can be enhanced as per the user requirements with little or no change in hardware.

A Quantization Noise Feedback Technique In Pyramid Image Coding, Zhili Lin

Theses

In communication, we frequently encounter the problem about the trans-mission rate and quantization noise. That is, small quantization noise or high fidelity definitely increases transmission rate, or large quantization noise or low fidelity might require low transmission rate. In our research, we developed a quantization noise feedback technique, with which quantization noise can be reduced greatly at a given transmission rate. We applied this technique in pyramid image coding environment. An error analysis in frequency domain was carried out. Error estimation for pyramid image coding with and without quantization noise feedback was made. Finally, plenty of computer simulation confirms our …

Landmark-Based Partial Shape Recognition By A Two-Stage Bam Neural Network, Xianjun Liu

Theses

In this thesis, we develop a Bitfirectional Associative Memory (BAM) based neural network to achieve partial shape recognition. To recognize objects which are partially occluded, we represent each object by a set of landmarks. The landmarks of an object are points of interest relative to the object that have important shape attributes. To achieve recognition, feature values (landmark values) of each model object are trained and stored in the network. Each memory cell is trained to store landmark values of a model object for all possible positions. Given a scene which may consist of several objects, landmarks in the scene …

Decomposing Non-Product Form Queuing Lattices Through Simulated Annealing, Jr-Chin Lin

Theses

A random, heuristic search called Simulated Annealing is adapted to decompose the state transition lattice of Non-Product Form Queuing Models. Simulated Annealing Algorithm has been successfully applied to a number of optimization problem such as The Traveling Salesman Problem, Graph Partionning, Physical Computer Design, VLSI Chip Design, Image Processing,... etc. It has the advantage over other gradient descent techniques to solve the combinatorial problems. The solution can escape from local minimum by adding Boltzmann Distribution Factor to the algorithm. Most lattice of non-product form queuing models can be decomposed into Solvable Subsets through this algorithm, and solvable subset is the …

Investigation Of Micromechanical Properties Of Tungsten Silicide Thin Films, Bharat Pathak

Theses

Micromechanics is a field which is maturing. Recent research interest in micromechanical structures has focussed on the fabrication of microactuators and microsensors. These microsensors and actuators can sense very small changes in the environment without disturbing the equilibrium of the environment. The refractory silicides are some of the compatible materials used to integrate the micromechanical structures and the interfacing electronic circuits on the same chip. As a result of this, the thermodynamic, electrical and mechanical properties of transition metal silicides should be given a closer look for micromechanical applications.

This thesis details the design and fabrication of tungsten silicide moveable …

Simulation And Analysis Of Priority Classes In Extended Token Based Local Area Networks, Bhavinkumar R. Pathak

Theses

Recently, Local Area Networks carrying multiple priority classes of messages have received considerable attention. The IEEE 802.5 token ring standard defines an optional priority scheme to handle different priority classes of messages. A simulation model of symmetric priority based networks, consisting of token ring networks interconnected by a bridge is considered. Messages are divided into two priority classes, namely, high priority traffic and low priority traffic. High priority traffic is guaranteed access on the channel, whereas low priority messages are served when the system determines that no high priority messages are currently waiting. The simulation results are used to evaluate …

Microcomputer-Based Visual Controller And Data Logger System, Xiao-Fang Qi

Theses

This thesis paper describes the firmware design, instead of the hardware logic design, makes the machine vision hardware system economical, intelligent and expandable. It shows the construction and testing of a novel remote low speed machine vision control system, which also has functions as data logger and is capable of auto control. The system has 9 analog input channels available, and more. It also has 4 digital output channels for controlling external devices. This work also implemented a way to transfer the grabbed image to a PC/XT. In the 256 graphics mode of the VGA, 64 B&W gray levels can …

The Interconnection Network Analysis Package, Nadeem Sabbar

Theses

This thesis focuses on the development of the Interconnection Network Analysis Package (INAP), and the use of INAP to analyze minimal permutation networks. The INAP code is written in C language using Turbo C compiler. Although the INAP has been used to analyze the subject networks it is not a dedicated system. It gives the user the freedom to create the permutation network from scratch (1-8 inputs and 1-7 stages), and then to process it for any number of stages.

The INAP made the analysis of five input networks easy and efficient. The networks have been analyzed stage by stage. …

Design And Simulation Of Submicron Microelectronic Vacuum Triodes, Hou-Jun Wang

Theses

This thesis presents the first design and detailed Simulation of submicron vacuum microelectronic triodes static characteristics. In this thesis a new 5-electrode active device is emphasized.

These devices have potentially important advantages over semiconductor devices. They can be used in extreme environments. The picosecond transit time for internal electron ballistics provide optimism for very fast devices applications. It appears reasonable to fabricate these devices using standard VLSI processing equipment. Further, the micron dimension makes " vacuum microelectronic chips" a reasonable goal.

Devices are characterized for static parameters including electron trajectories, electric field contours, and voltage potential contours. The field emission …

Measurement Of Cluster Size By Retarding Potential And Time-Of- Flight Methods In An Ionized Cluster Beam Deposition System, Yung-Kuan Wang

Theses

The goal of this research was to study the mass distribution of ions generated in the Ionized Cluster Beam (ICB) deposition system. The ICB deposition method has been used to form high quality films of metals and other materials. It was postulated that the clusters consisting of hundreds and thousands of atoms produced by vapor expansion in the ICB source are responsible for the superior film properties. However, consistent experimental evidence concerning the cluster mass distribution, or even the existence of such clusters in the ICB apparatus, was lacking.

Two methods of cluster ion mass spectroscopy were used in this …

Microengineered Silicon Beam Switch For Fiber Optics, Hsu-Nien Yang

Theses

A novel microelectromechanical actuator has been designed for moving an optical input fiber into alignment with one of three stationary output fibers. This switching device thus can connect an input optical port to one of 3 selected optical ports. The actuation force is created by a vertical-drive armature measuring 0.5x2.7 mm² mechanically tethered to the input optical fiber. A force of 2.33 mN is obtained from the linear acturator when the vertical stator armature gap is one micron and the applied three phase voltage is 140 Volts. The required force is a function of the input fiber length, e.g. …

Neural Net Classification Of States In Finite State Vector Quantization, Zhigang Zhang

Theses

In this thesis, a new image coding technique based on Neural Network Finite State Vector Quantization(NNFSVQ) is presented. The new design takes advantage of the high interblock spatial correlation of pixels in typical grey-level images, in addition to intrablock correlation already exploited by vector quantization (VQ). Although many FSVQ require large memory space for the storage of the numerous state codebooks, the memory space requirement of NNFSVQ can be reduced by a very large factor (about 10²-10³) to manageable size without impairing image quality. Simulation experiments have shown that by using NNFSVQ the bit rate can …

A Self Testing Strategy For The Wafer Scale Hierarchical Memory Architecture, Maremanda V. R. Rao

Theses

Since the early 1960's, semiconductor chips have matured from single transistor devices to one million transistors per chip. The integration has been achieved by reducing transistor dimensions, and by increasing chip sizes. However, physical limits are being reached as submicrometre dimensions are approached. Fault tolerance has to be used to maintain the increase in the chip complexity. Yield improvement is only one of the many possible gains of fault tolerance. The dense integration of logic on a single chip also creates a huge test problem. in recent years a great deal of effort has gone into the development of yield …

Optimization Of Bandwidth Allocation In Atm Nets Through Simulated Annealing, Chien-Long Hou

Theses

Optimization of Bandwidth Allocation in ATM network is considered in this thesis. We address the problem of determining optimal bandwidth allocation in such BISDN's that adopt ATM as their basic switching. technique by using Simulated Annealing. Computer simulation shows that this optimal policy leads to the configuration which yields the minimum average packet delay.

Landmark-Based Shape Recognition By A Modified Hopfield Neural Network, Kuowei Li

Theses

In this thesis, we introduce a new thethod to achieve partial shape recognition by means of a modified Hopfield neural network. To recognize partially visible object, we represent each object by a set of "landmarks." The landmarks of an object are points of interest relative to the object that have important shape attributes. Given a scene consisting of partially occluded objects, a model object in the scene is hypothesized by matching the landmarks of the model with those in the scene. A measure of similarity between two landmarks, one from a model and the other from the scene, is needed …

A Novel Schottky Barrier Mosfet For Vlsi Applications, Venkata S. Simhadri

Theses

Schottky barrier MOSFETs are expected to offer certain fabrication advantages, low series resistance and the feasibility to go into sub-micron technology without having short-channel effects. A p-channel MOSFET using Schottky contacts as source and drain is reviewed theoritically. The limitations of the device arising from the oxide offset between source/channel is studied with the help of one dimensional simulation SEDAN. The process sequence leads to an offset between source and channel. The performance of the SBMOSFETs with and without offset is estimated using two dimensional device simulation program PISCES-II for PtSi and IrSi as source and drain material. A novel …

Simulation And Analysis Of Integrated Lans For Hospital Environment, Naveen K. Verma

Theses

Hospitals generate a large number of data sets of different types and formats and it is required to integrate these data sets for their rapid and simultaneous communication in order for a better treatment of patients and to cut the escalating costs. A better approach to meet this requirement is to have a distributed system linked all together with a high capacity LAN using an efficient integration method.

This thesis begins by studying the characteristic feature and suitability of Queued Packet & Synchronous Exchange (QPSX) network architecture. The network models are simulated for QPSX, Ethernet and Token Bus networks for …

Comparative Analysis Of Single And Double Dwell Acquisition Schemes, Gurinder Singh Ahluwalia

Theses

Single and double dwell pseudonoise (PN) acquisition systems are described, explained and analyzed. These systems are designed to synchronize a locally generated PN signal with a received PN signal of unknown phase in the presence of noise. The mean, variance and an approximate probability distribution function (PDF) of the acquisition time for the single and double dwell PN acquisition schemes is developed. Intuitively, the double dwell acquisition system should be superior to the single dwell system because of the ability to quickly dismiss incorrect cells and further verify probable hits. It is shown analytically that this is in fact true …

Design Of A Microengineered Pressure Sensor, Ranjeet Alexis

Theses

A new family of microengineered vacuum ionization gauges of an approximate volume of 200µ³ has been designed. These devices can he fabricated using existing semiconductor processing capabilities. The focus of this thesis is to scale down the current state-of-the-art for ionization sensors to micron dimensions. These gauges can be manufactured economically and potentially will be integrated with more complex structures and circuitry. In these devices an active ionization volume of micron dimensions is used for launching ions in a trajectory towards a collection electrode. Ionization of gas species is accomplished by an electron flux of sufficient energy. Analysis of …

Hardware Algorithms For Computing Transcendental Functions, Xin-Pei Gong

Theses

The COordinate Rotation Digital Computer(CORDIC) is a special-purpose digital computer for real-time airborne computation. In this computer, a unique computing technique is employed which is especially suitable for solving the trigonometric relationships. A new computing technique based on the CORDIC algorithm is developed to reduce the number of iterations by one half for each input angle. This improvement is accomplished. by scanning multiple bits of the input angle(in our case, two) at a time. The CORDIC equations are rewritten accordingly and a hardware implementation structure is also presented. The results of the software simulation of the new algorithm are as …

Decomposing Non-Product Form Queuing Lattices Through Genetic Algorithm, Wei Han

Theses

In this paper, a Genetic Algorithm technique is adapted to decompose the state transition lattice of a class of non-product form queueing models. Genetic Algorithms are search algorithms based upon the mechanics of natural genetics. They combine a survival-of-the-fittest among string structures with a structured, yet randomized, information exchange to form a search algorithm with some of the innovative flair of human search. While randomized, genetic algorithms are no simple random walk. They efficiently exploit historical information to speculate on new search points with improved performance. Here genetic algorithms is applied to a non-product queueing lattices optimization problem. Only the …

Performance Evaluation Of Consumer Electronic Bus, Sairaj R. Pakkam

Theses

This thesis describes the performance evaluation of the Consumer Electronic Bus proposed by the Electronic Industries Association. To study the behaviour of CEBUS under different traffic conditions, a simulation program was developed modelling the layer architecture of CEBUS. The CEBUS is based on the ISO/OSI model of layered architecture. The simulation results have shown that, when the throughput of the network is small, the delay is bounded for all messages of all priorities. As the throughput of the network increases, under the presence of more high priority messages, the lower priority messages get queued at their nodes. It is also …