Electrical and Computer Engineering Commons^™

Multitec: A Data-Driven Multimodal Short Video Detection Framework For Healthcare Misinformation On Tiktok, Lanyu Shang, Yang Zhang, Yawen Deng, Dong Wang

Computer Science Faculty Works

With the prevalence of social media and short video sharing platforms (e.g., TikTok, YouTube Shorts), the proliferation of healthcare misinformation has become a widespread and concerning issue that threatens public health and undermines trust in mass media. This paper focuses on an important problem of detecting multimodal healthcare misinformation in short videos on TikTok. Our objective is to accurately identify misleading healthcare information that is jointly conveyed by the visual, audio, and textual content within the TikTok short videos. Three critical challenges exist in solving our problem: i) how to effectively extract information from distractive and manipulated visual content in …

Computational Assessment Of Vitrimers Self-Healing For Renewable Energy And Aerospace Structures, Walaaeldin Mohamed Ahmed Derbala

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Self-healing polymers, particularly vitrimers, are emerging as promising candidates in the development of advanced materials for renewable energy and aerospace structures. These materials exhibit dynamic covalent bond exchange mechanisms that enable reprocess ability, damage repair, and extended operational lifetime under harsh conditions. This study presents a density functional theory (DFT)-based computational investigation of the mechanistic pathways and energetics of bond exchange reactions in model vitrimer systems. We explore transition states, energy barriers, and thermodynamic features corresponding to associative and dissociative self-healing reactions in vitrimers. The study focuses on Diaminodiphenyl disulfide (AFD), a bifunctional molecule composed of two para-substituted aminophenyl rings …

Reinforcement Learning For Adversarial Environments: Multi-Agent Hide And Seek With Multi-Modal Sensing, Christian Alejandro Carrizales

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

The development of intelligent and competitive agents in AI versus AI adversarial environments was explored through the utilization of reinforcement learning techniques with sensing modalities. A Hide-and-Seek simulation environment was developed using the Unity game engine along with the ML-Agents Toolkit. An engagement test campaign with a set of performance metrics was designed. Four AI versus AI adversarial scenarios were considered using the Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) and Soft Actor-Critic (SAC) multi-agent reinforcement learning algorithms. Furthermore, the impact of sensing modalities on competing agents’ learning performance was investigated by varying the sensing capabilities of the hider and seeker, respectively. Experiments …

Hydrogen Storage Density And Adsorption Energy Barriers On Li-Decorated Bc3 Nanosheet, Sri Venkat Pavan Upasi

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Hydrogen is considered an emerging carrier of clean energy with renewable capabilities. Widespread hydrogen energy utilization necessitates efficient storage strategies. Functionalized nanomaterials, such as Li-decorated BC3 nanosheets, are among the primary candidate materials for hydrogen storage. This research investigates the feasibility of hydrogen storage by estimating energy barriers and their dependence on storage density on Li-decorated BC3 nanosheet. Density functional theory (DFT) simulations provide estimates of adsorption energies and saddle points for hydrogen storage and compare corresponding reaction rates. The results are expected to help us understand the advantages and possible shortcomings of hydrogen storage on such nanomaterials.

Mobile Weather Satellite Receiver, Luke Datsko, Sam Watts, Jason Do, Adam Bechtler

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

The "Mobile Weather Satellite Receiver" project aims to create a portable, user-friendly device that receives and displays weather information from geostationary satellites, addressing the limitations of traditional weather sources like the Internet and weather radio, particularly in remote areas. This device will collect and demodulate satellite data, including imagery and Emergency Managers Weather Information Network (EMWIN) forecasts, to provide users with detailed local forecasts and real-time alerts.

Designed with a user-centric approach, the system includes a satellite dish, Software Defined Radio (SDR), a Raspberry Pi, and a custom software interface for ease of use. Its portability and ability to function …

A Novel Real-Time Threshold Algorithm For Closed-Loop Epilepsy Detection And Stimulation System, Liang Hung Wang, Zhen Nan Zhang, Chao Xin Xie, Hao Jiang, Tao Yang, Qi Peng Ran, Ming Hui Fan, I. Chun Kuo, Zne Jung Lee, Jian Bo Chen, Tsung Yi Chen, Shih Lun Chen, Patricia Angela R. Abu

Department of Information Systems & Computer Science Faculty Publications

Epilepsy, as a common brain disease, causes great pain and stress to patients around the world. At present, the main treatment methods are drug, surgical, and electrical stimulation therapies. Electrical stimulation has recently emerged as an alternative treatment for reducing symptomatic seizures. This study proposes a novel closed-loop epilepsy detection system and stimulation control chip. A time-domain detection algorithm based on amplitude, slope, line length, and signal energy characteristics is introduced. A new threshold calculation method is proposed; that is, the threshold is updated by means of the mean and standard deviation of four consecutive eigenvalues through parameter combination. Once …

Plasmon-Assisted On-Chip Integration Of Quantum Emitter For Scalable Quantum Networking, Samprity Saha

Theses and Dissertations

In recent decades, quantum theory has sparked a revolutionary outlook on our long-standing perception of information processing and communication technologies. Photon-based quantum systems, relying on single photons governed by quantum mechanics, hold immense promise for quantum networks due to their resilience against decoherence and fast propagation speeds. However, challenges persist in realizing practical quantum networks, including the need for scalable, robust, and cost-effective quantum light. To address these challenges with classical photonic concepts, this thesis focuses on a plasmon-assisted approach for on-chip integration of single-photon sources. The study aims to develop a scalable solution for integrating quantum emitters on-chip, leveraging …

Hardware Trojan Detection In A Segmented Mixed-Signal Circuit Via Leakage Current, Christopher James Otey

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

As computers and integrated circuits become more commonplace, the risk of a Hardware Trojan attack becomes more worrisome. Trojans can exploit design flaws or be inserted between essential components to leak information, change the circuit function, or destroy the circuit altogether. Several methods of trojan detection and prevention have been introduced, however few can handle combined analog and digital circuits, known as mixed-signal circuits. This thesis demonstrates a Hardware Trojan detection method implemented in an Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC), which is a mixed-signal circuit. The detection method involves splitting the circuit into segments with approximately equal leakage currents (a large part …

Reinforcement Learning For Adversarial Systems Using Relational Observations, Sophia Christine Gilson

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

This thesis investigates the integration of relational observations with the reinforcement learning (RL) framework for improved generalization capability. A hide-and-seek simulation environment is designed in Unity for proof-of-concept demonstration. Two observation representations—relational (analogical) and standard positional—are designed to evaluate agent learning and generalization capabilities. Agents are trained using the Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) and Soft Actor Critic (SAC) algorithms in a random-room environment and tested in both the random-room environment and a novel environment with greater spatial complexity and path obstructions. Comparative studies indicate that relational representation of objects in the adversarial environment could potentially improve the generalization capability of …

Electro-Vascular Dynamics During Auditory Processing: Variation Along The Schizotypy Continuum, John P. Mclinden

Open Access Dissertations

Electroencephalography (EEG) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) are complementary noninvasive neuroimaging modalities that have contributed greatly to our understanding of the mechanisms of auditory processing. As an emerging technology, fNIRS has produced promising insights into the mechanisms of auditory processing, although considerable work remains to characterize hemodynamic responses in auditory tasks. In addition, the complementary nature of EEG and fNIRS and the relationships between the signals they record have been underexplored. In particular, nonlinear interactions between these signals remain under-characterized, despite the potential benefit to future multimodal neuroimaging studies. A challenge in understanding these interactions is the influence of systemic …

Review: Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma Actuators For In-Flight Applications, Sabeel Saleem Mohammed

Anthós

Dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) is a phenomenon observed when high voltage is passed through a dielectric barrier at high frequencies. Current DBD plasma actuators (PAs) excel at laminar fluid boundary layer control but suffer from limited momentum flux and fluid mechanic inefficiencies. In this article, Mohammed analyzes previous discourse on DBD PAs and offers directions for future research and potential DBD PA applications. Previous work on DBD PAs documented thrust generation at high voltages and frequencies, thrust in varying fluid compositions, and vortex generation. However, certain arrangements hinder flow magnitudes, limiting the use of multiple DBD PAs in close proximity. …

Fault Identification And Localization In Distribution Grids Based On An Attention-Hybrid Graph Neural Network, Xingjian Shan

Theses and Dissertations--Electrical and Computer Engineering

This thesis proposes a multi-task fault diagnosis framework for distribution systems based on Graph Convolutional Networks (GCN) and an enhanced Graph Attention Network (GATv2). By representing the power grid as a graph with electrical features and topological connections, the model simultaneously performs fault type classification and fault location prediction. The architecture incorporates residual connections, multi-head attention, and a Jumping Knowledge module to capture multi-scale structural patterns, while dynamic loss weighting ensures balanced task optimization under noise and sparsity. Experimental results on the IEEE 123-node test feeder demonstrate a fault classification accuracy of 96.43%, and fault localization accuracies of 84.64% (strict), …

Surface Morphology And Moisture Adsorption/Desorption Characteristics Of Hybrid-Dielectric Moisture Sensors, Ronak Ali

Theses and Dissertations--Electrical and Computer Engineering

Relative humidity sensors are used for high-humidity measurement. Moisture sensors, or dew point sensors are used for low-humidity measurement (< 1 ppm_v). The dissertation contains two parts of studies. In the first part, the effect of surface morphology on the response speed of moisture sensors is studied. Moisture sensors using α-Al₂O₃ films as porous dielectric materials deposited by anodic spark deposition are studied. In this part of the study, a variety of small pores have been studied to investigate the response speed of moisture sensors. Three different surface morphologies have been studied using scanning electron microscopy. One …

Measurement Of Moisture Levels In Oils And Lubricants Using A Novel Moisture Sensor, Aaron Swartz

Theses and Dissertations--Electrical and Computer Engineering

It is very challenging to measure moisture levels in oils. There is not a good method to measure it. Using the novel moisture sensor, we tried various methods to measure the moisture levels in oils. The initial trials are to immerse the sensor chip into the oils to see any sensor reading changes with the change of moisture levels in oils. It was observed that the sensor reading was unstable. The idea for immersion of the sensor chip into the oils failed. The last idea is to heat the oil to let all moisture evaporate fully. Before heating, the dew …

Mathematical-Programming Modeling Of Power-Electronics-Based Microgrid Systems, Jack A. Robey

Theses and Dissertations--Electrical and Computer Engineering

The emergence of power-electronics-based microgrid systems is driven by the shift to cleaner energy, transportation electrification, renewable integration, grid modernization through smart grid advancements, and growing demand for energy-efficient solutions. For utilities, these systems present unique opportunities for enhancing grid resilience, improving load management, and enabling distributed energy resource integration. This work presents a modeling and simulation approach for microgrid systems that uses mathematical programming to represent power flow and capture the system dynamics. By solving an optimization problem at each time step, the method enables evaluation of power distribution and system performance under a range of operating conditions, without …

Computing With Photonic Phase Change Memory, David B. Pippen

Theses and Dissertations--Electrical and Computer Engineering

A recent breakthrough in silicon photonics includes the discovery and use of phase changing materials (PCMs). These materials can be programmed to store nonvolatile values, and when a stored value in a PCM cell is read, it changes the amplitude of the read signal, imprinting the value held into the PCM cell on the amplitude of the read signal. This thesis proposes a new approach to using PCM cells not only for photonic memory but also as a substrate to perform multiplications in the photonic domain. The proposed multiplier uses PCM cells to encode amplitude-analog weight values and differing lengths …

Scalable Hypergraph Structure Learning With Diverse Smoothness Priors, Benjamin T. Brown

Theses and Dissertations--Electrical and Computer Engineering

In graph signal processing, learning weighted connections between nodes from signals is a fundamental task when the underlying relationships are unknown. With the extension of graphs to hypergraphs, where edges can connect more than two nodes, graph learning methods have similarly been generalized to hypergraphs. However, the absence of a unified framework for calculating total variation has led to divergent definitions of smoothness and, consequently, differing approaches to hyperedge recovery. This challenge is confronted in this work through generalization of several previously proposed hypergraph total variations, allowing ease of substitution into a vector-based optimization. To this end, a novel hypergraph …

Electromagnetic Integral Equation Methods For High-Order Field Predictions, Jordon N. Blackburn

Theses and Dissertations--Electrical and Computer Engineering

Methods like the Method of Moments (MoM) or the locally-corrected Nyström (LCN) method are employed to discretize and solve electromagnetic integral equations. This process results in large, dense systems of linear equations that must be solved. In many cases, the elements of the system matrix can be computed analytically or approximated with high-order numerical methods. In this thesis, various approaches are presented to improve the accuracy and efficiency of integral equation solutions.

The second chapter derives a modified form of the low-rank matrix approximation algorithm known as the adaptive cross approximation (ACA). The original ACA has been observed to lose …

Lifecycle Carbon Footprint And Sustainability Evaluation Of Dram-Based Processing In Memory Computing Architectures, Samrat Pravin Patel

Theses and Dissertations--Electrical and Computer Engineering

The use of computing technologies has significantly enhanced several aspects of our day-to-day lives. But it has still revealed significant environmental concerns, primarily related to greenhouse gas emissions and energy consumption. Initially, the primary environmental problems associated with computing were energy consumption during device operation. However, with the rapid advancement of technology and increasing computational demands, attention has shifted towards the embodied carbon footprint. This term refers to the total greenhouse gas emissions throughout a product’s lifecycle from the extraction of raw materials to end-of-life processing. It has become increasingly significant in the context of manufacturing integrated circuits (ICs), such …

Scalable Systems And Devices For Wireless Charging Of Electric Vehicles, Donovin D. Lewis

Theses and Dissertations--Electrical and Computer Engineering

The rising adoption of electric vehicles creates new opportunities that are not possible with conventional gas-powered vehicles such as wireless charging of electric vehicles (EV). Wide-scale implementation of wireless charging could result in benefits unique to EVs such as operation without human intervention, improved charging accessibility, and even in-route wireless charging for charge-sustaining or extended driving range operation. As the technology is in the early stages of development, there are many open-ended challenges to tackle including but not limited to coil and systems cost, weight and size, stray field emissions in high-power, high-frequency operation, and dynamic wireless charging system design …

Analysis And Design Optimization Of Electric Machines With Field Intensifying Configuration, Ali Mohammadi

Theses and Dissertations--Electrical and Computer Engineering

The design and optimization of electric machines face increasing demands for efficiency, improved torque density, manufacturability, and effective utilization of materials. Meeting these demands is particularly vital in for example, electric vehicles (EVs) and renewable energy systems, where performance, reliability, and cost are critical. In this dissertation innovative field-intensifying electric machine configurations have been explored, emphasizing advanced topologies, computational modeling, and optimization techniques to advance the state of the art in electric machine design and analysis.

Electric machines with high torque density are essential for many low-speed direct-drive systems, such as wind turbines, in-wheel traction, and industrial automation. This dissertation …

Multi-Objective Design Optimization Of Power Converters For Electric Aircraft Propulsion, Ben Luckett

Theses and Dissertations--Electrical and Computer Engineering

As global focus shifts to the electrification of the aviation sector, the need for high efficiency, lightweight, and reliable electric aircraft propulsion power converter systems has become apparent. These goals can be somewhat conflicting with each other, and a single multi-domain-optimized solution is not guaranteed. The search for a design which presents satisfactory merits becomes a drudge through various trade-off studies which can expend vast quantities of manpower and time. As a remedy to this, design automation allows the process to be computer-assisted. This dissertation presents the core fundamentals for a general multi-objective design optimization framework intended for the design …

Waveforms For Next Generation Non-Stationary Channels, Zhibin Zou

Electronic Theses & Dissertations (2024 - present)

Waveform design aims to achieve orthogonality among data signals/symbols across all available Degrees of Freedom (DoF) to avoid interference while transmitted over the channel. Precoding involves the decomposition of the channel matrix into orthogonal components for the purpose of constructing a precoding matrix that is then combined with the data signal to achieve orthogonality in the spatial dimension. On the other hand, modulation uses orthogonal carriers in a certain signal space to carry data symbols with minimal interference from other symbols. However, it is widely evident that next Generation (xG) wireless systems will experience very high mobility, density and time-varying …

Design Of Fast Start-Up High-Q Oscillator For Wireless Sensor Nodes Transceiver Frequency Reference, Abdolraouf Rahmani

Student Works (2020-2029)

With the prevalence of wireless sensor networks and the Internet of Things (IoT), optimizing power in battery-powered wireless nodes is crucial due to the inconvenience and cost of replacing batteries in remote areas. Synchronized power modulation between "Sleep" and "Active" states, known as burst mode activation, allows nodes to conserve power. However, frequent transitions between these states consume significant energy, highlighting the need to reduce the start-up time of the slowest component, the high-Q crystal oscillator. Additionally, to ensure improved synchronization within the network and a cost-effective IoT device manufacturing, the device should be produced with low start-up time variations …

Bright And Dark Pulsed Fiber Lasers Based On Multimode Interference, Yu Chen

Student Works (2020-2029)

Pulsed lasers, particularly ultrashort pulsed lasers, find widespread application across various fields including telecommunications, bio-imaging, spectroscopy, atmospheric measurements, surgery, and material processing. This study focuses on harnessing the potential of the single mode-multimode-single mode (SMS) structure as a robust avenue for developing simple, compact, and cost-effective bright and dark pulsed erbium-doped fiber lasers (EDFLs). The SMS configuration serves as an ingenious artificial saturable absorber (SA), facilitating the generation of ultrashort pulsed lasers through the Kerr Effect with nonlinear multimode interference. By precisely fusion-splicing single mode fibers to both ends of a designated length of multimode fiber, the SMS architecture is …

Investigations Of Conjugate Heat Transfer And Fluid Flow In Partitioned Porous Cavity Using Darcy-Forchheimer Model: Finite Element-Based Computations, Nasir Yasin, Shafee Ahmad, Muhammad Umair, Zahir Shah, Narcisa Vrinceanu, Ghadah Alhawael

Mathematics & Statistics Faculty Publications

The conjugate heat transfer and fluid flow has vast applications in thermal engineering, particularly for cooling in thermal devices, and automobile engines. This study investigates conjugate heat transfer in 2D enclosures, featuring thin solid fins attached to a porous bottom wall. The porous medium is considered isotropic and homogeneous by the Darcy-Forchheimer model, with fluid phases in local thermal equilibrium. The boundary conditions at the porous fluid interface ensure continuity of the velocities, stresses, temperature, and heat flux. The phenomenon is mathematically modelled by obtaining a set of partial differential equations. The finite element method (FEM) is used to perform …

Snake Optimization Algorithm For Fractional Order Controller In Three-Area Load Frequency Regulation, Shubra Goel, Omveer Singh

ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development

The transition toward renewable energy-dominated power systems have accentuated the intricacies of frequency control, necessitating advanced regulatory mechanisms. This investigation articulates a tri-zonal frequency stabilization approach, employing a hybridized controller that synergizes Fuzzy Fractional-Order PI and Tilt-Integral-Derivative methodologies. The uniqueness of this approach is further amplified by the deployment of the Snake Optimization algorithm for precise parameter tuning. Set within a conventional grid topology integrated with assorted renewable energy sources, the study evaluates the controller’s adaptability and resilience through a series of comprehensive scenario-based analyses.

Enhance The Design Of Low-Cost Fast Charging Battery Systems For Electric Mobility Systems, Omar Matar, Abdalrahman S. Alneklawy, Yara M. El-Hawary, Ahmed M. Elbeshbeshy, Ali Shoman, Ahmed R. Alagmy, Ahmed Mashaly, Arwa G. Saheen, Sahar S. Kaddah, Basem M. Badr

Mansoura Engineering Journal

The need of electric mobility (E-Mobility) systems increases daily, where the E-Mobility systems contribute in decreasing gas emissions from transportation Electric motorcycles (E-Motorcycles) are one of the E-Mobility systems, which reduce the problems resulting from traditional fossil fuel exhausts. This paper discusses the design and development of low-cost battery systems for E-Motorcycles, where a fast charging system is simulated, analyzed, and deployed to charge a battery package that outputs 72V & 8A at rated performance. Research and analysis of different power converter topologies are performed with respect the cost and system performance. A battery tester circuit is designed and built …

Non-Line-Of-Sight Classification In Urban Areas Based On Machine Learning Algorithms, Mohamed Ali Ezzelarab, Mohamed Abdelazim Mohamed, Eman Abdelhalim, Ashraf Abosekeen

Mansoura Engineering Journal

Non-Line-Of-Sight (NLOS) and multipath errors are significant causes of poor accuracy in Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS). These errors occur when satellite signals are diffracted or reflected by obstacles instead of traveling directly along the Line-Of-Sight (LOS), particularly in urban environments. Such diffracted or reflected signals can reach GNSS receivers, skewing pseudorange measurements and posing challenges to accurate GNSS positioning. This study introduces an innovative approach using supervised Machine Learning (ML) models to detect and mitigate NLOS error. To develop and validate these models, GNSS data collected during the smartLoc project from Frankfurt and Berlin in Germany were leveraged, representing …

Funkcjonowanie Doręczeń Elektronicznych W Ujęciu Technicznym, Michał Tabor

internetowy Kwartalnik Antymonopolowy i Regulacyjny (internet Quarterly on Antitrust and Regulation)

The article provides a legal-technical and market analysis of electronic delivery in Poland, concluding that while the system complies with the basic requirements of the eIDAS Regulation, it needs significant organizational and technical improvements. The author reviews the National Electronic Delivery System, the role of the designated operator and qualified trust service providers, and highlights issues with interoperability, address registration and portability, delivery mailboxes, and the hybrid delivery service. Recommended legal reforms include granting the public delivery service qualified status, enabling multiple delivery addresses for public and complex organizations, partly opening the market to commercial qualified providers, and moving supervision …