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Articles 1051 - 1080 of 1516
Full-Text Articles in Electrical and Computer Engineering
Basic Mosfet Fabrication, Daniel A. Ivy
Basic Mosfet Fabrication, Daniel A. Ivy
Natural Sciences Student Research Presentations
The MOSFET, or metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor, are the sole entities responsible for processing in microchips of everyday electronics, yet they have become extremely small. How can one manufacture such a small, powerful product? By using the simple process of pushing ions away with a nearby electric charge, a switch can be compressed down to unimaginable sizes.
Cross-Layer Capacity Optimization In Ofdma Systems: Wimax And Lte, Bimal Paudel
Cross-Layer Capacity Optimization In Ofdma Systems: Wimax And Lte, Bimal Paudel
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Given the broad range of applications supported, high data rate required and low latency promised; dynamic radio resource management is becoming vital for newly emerging air interface technologies such as wireless interoperability for microwave access (Wimax) and long term evolution (lte) adopted by international standards. This thesis considers orthogonal frequency division multiple access (ofdma) system, which has been implemented in both Wimax and lte technologies as their air interface multiple access mechanism. A framework for optimized resource allocation with quality of service (qos) support that aims to balance between service provider's revenue and subscriber's satisfaction is proposed. A cross-layer optimization …
Broadband Approaches And Beam-Scanning Techniques For Reflectarray Antenna, Yilin Mao
Broadband Approaches And Beam-Scanning Techniques For Reflectarray Antenna, Yilin Mao
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Reflectarray antennas combine the numerous advantages of reflector antennas and phased array antennas and create a hybrid high-gain antenna with a low-profile, low-mass, easy-fabrication, and diversified radiation performance. However, it still has some inherent drawbacks, such as limited bandwidth and scanning range, which are targeted in this dissertation. At first, the array theory approach for radiation analysis of reflectarray antennas is described and implemented. Numerical results are then presented and compared with reference results to confirm its reliability. As the most critical influential factor to the reflectarray bandwidth, the element bandwidth was studied at first, and the effects of element …
Analysis And Design Of Low Profile Multiband Multifunctional Antenna Arrays, Walker F. Hunsicker
Analysis And Design Of Low Profile Multiband Multifunctional Antenna Arrays, Walker F. Hunsicker
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Light-weight phased array antennas for aerospace and mobile applications require utilizing the same antenna aperture to provide multiple functions with dissimilar radiation pattern specifications (e.g., multiband operation for communications and tracking). Multi-functional antennas provide advantages over aggregate antenna clusters by reducing space requirements, and can aid in the optimal placement of all required apertures to provide adequate isolation between channels. Furthermore, the combination of antenna apertures into a comgeometry mitigates co-site installation issues by addressing interference within the integrated radiator design itself as opposed to the extensive analysis which is required to configure multiple radiators in close proximity. The combination …
Optimized Image Compressed Sensing And Transmission Through Wireless Channels, Saheed Olanigan
Optimized Image Compressed Sensing And Transmission Through Wireless Channels, Saheed Olanigan
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This thesis examines the robust behavior of quantized compressed sensing measurements during transmission through an additive white gaussian noise wireless channel. The poor rate-distortion performance that accompanies compressed sensing after applying quantization has led to several works in quantized compressed sensing. However, most of these works have less consideration of the effect of transmission channel on the resulting bit stream of the quantized compressed sensing measurements. For an additive white gaussian noise wireless channel model, the quantizer and bit energy signal-to-noise ratio determines the degree of the channel effect. This thesis explores the effect of quantization and channel noise during …
Energy Optimization Of A Free-Piston Enhanced Hybrid Vehicle, Kenneth Jarod Jones
Energy Optimization Of A Free-Piston Enhanced Hybrid Vehicle, Kenneth Jarod Jones
Dissertations
The world’s heavy dependence on vehicles which utilize hydrocarbon fuels as a primary power source has renewed the interest in electric and hybrid vehicles for industrial, commercial, and public use. The primary objective of this movement is centered on increased efficiency in energy usage for transportation. Hybrid vehicles which utilize an internal combustion engine as a linear generator, converting energy stored in hydrocarbon fuels into electrical power, could serve as a transitioning technology. The free-piston enhanced hybrid vehicle (FPHV) could potentially fill this role. The present work contains a theoretical and numerical approach to analyzing and optimizing the usage of …
Cmos Rotary Traveling Wave Oscillators (Rtwos), Marvin Aidoo
Cmos Rotary Traveling Wave Oscillators (Rtwos), Marvin Aidoo
Dissertations
Rotary Traveling Wave Oscillator (RTWO) represents a transmission line based technology for multi-gigahertz multiple phase clock generation. RTWO is known for providing low jitter and low phase noise signals but the issue of high power consumption is a major drawback in its application. Direction of wave propagation is random and is determined by the least resistance path in the absence of an external direction control circuit. The objective of this research is to address some of the problems of RTWO design, including high power consumption, uncertainty of propagation direction and optimization of design variables. Included is the modeling of RTWO …
Real-Time High Resolution Integrated Optical Micro-Spectrometer, Sabarish Chandramohan
Real-Time High Resolution Integrated Optical Micro-Spectrometer, Sabarish Chandramohan
Wayne State University Theses
A real-time integrated planar single-mode waveguide grating micro-spectrometer with high resolution of 0.5 nm in 120 nm wide range of visible spectrum, from 525 nm to 645 nm is demonstrated. A CMOS sensor is used for capturing the output image of micro-spectrometer. A f = 1cm lens is used to focus the diffracted monochromatic light onto the CMOS sensor. An algorithm is developed using simple polynomial equation which uses two known reference wavelengths to convert x-pixel numbers of the CMOS sensor to wavelength spectrum. The output of micro-spectrometer in this design has comparatively less noise than usual spectrometric measurements. This …
Bermudagrass Growth In Soil Contaminated With Hydraulic Fracturing Drilling Fluid, Douglas Wolf, Kristofor R. Brye
Bermudagrass Growth In Soil Contaminated With Hydraulic Fracturing Drilling Fluid, Douglas Wolf, Kristofor R. Brye
Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences
Hydraulic fracturing is the process of injecting aqueous solutions at high pressure to break apart rock formations and increase the extraction of natural gas. The solutions are recovered and have been land-applied as one disposal technique. Excessive fluid application can result in increased soil salinity that can inhibit plant growth. The objective of this greenhouse study was to evaluate the effects of inorganic fertilizer, broiler litter, and Milorganite® and soil depth interval (0-15 cm or 0-30 cm) on the growth of bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers] in soil that was collected from a site that had been contaminated with fracturing …
Dilute-Acid-Extractable Phosphorus, Arsenic, And Selenium In Weathered And Fresh Coal Fly Ash, Chris Wilbanks, Kristofor Brye, David Miller
Dilute-Acid-Extractable Phosphorus, Arsenic, And Selenium In Weathered And Fresh Coal Fly Ash, Chris Wilbanks, Kristofor Brye, David Miller
Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences
Fly ash is a byproduct of the combustion of coal, primarily by coal-fired power plants. Over 97.8 million tonnes of fly ash are produced each year in the United States. Fly ash can contain trace elements in concentrations that can cause health risks. Recent spills have highlighted that fly ash disposal is problematic. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of fly-ash type (fresh and weathered) from a local coal-burning power plant and extraction time (2 and 6 h) on dilute-acid extractable concentrations of phosphorus (P), arsenic (As), and selenium (Se). Ash samples were extracted with 0.1 …
3d Printed Electromagnetic Transmission And Electronic Structures Fabricated On A Single Platform Using Advanced Process Integration Techniques, Paul I. Deffenbaugh
3d Printed Electromagnetic Transmission And Electronic Structures Fabricated On A Single Platform Using Advanced Process Integration Techniques, Paul I. Deffenbaugh
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
3D printing has garnered immense attention from many fields including in-office rapid prototyping of mechanical parts, outer-space satellite replication, garage functional firearm manufacture, and NASA rocket engine component fabrication. 3D printing allows increased design flexibility in the fabrication of electronics, microwave circuits and wireless antennas and has reached a level of maturity which allows functional parts to be printed. Much more work is necessary in order to perfect the processes of 3D printed electronics especially in the area of automation. Chapter 1 shows several finished prototypes of 3D printed electronics as well as newly developed techniques in fabrication. Little is …
Self-Heating Control Of Edge Emitting And Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Lasers, Yu Zhang
Self-Heating Control Of Edge Emitting And Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Lasers, Yu Zhang
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Self-heating leads to temperature rise of laser diode and limits the output power, efficiency and modulation bandwidth due to increased loss and decreased differential gain. The main heat sources in laser diode during continuous wave operation are Joule heating and free carrier absorption loss. To control device self-heating, the epi structure needs to be designed with low electrical resistance and low absorption loss, while the heat flux must spread out of the device efficiently. This dissertation presents the control of self-heating of both edge emitting laser diodes and vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs). For the 980nm high power edge …
Particle Manipulation Via Optical Forces And Engineering Soft-Matter Systems With Tunable Nonlinearities., Shima Fardad
Particle Manipulation Via Optical Forces And Engineering Soft-Matter Systems With Tunable Nonlinearities., Shima Fardad
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
One of the most intriguing properties of light-matter interaction is the ability of an electromagnetic field to exert mechanical forces on polarizable objects. This phenomenon is a direct consequence of the fact that light carries momentum, which in turn can be transferred to matter. Mediated by scattering, this interaction usually manifests itself as a “pushing force” in the direction of beam propagation. However, it is possible to judiciously engineer these optical forces, either by tailoring particle polarizability, and/or by structuring the incident light field. As a simple example, a tightly focused laser beam demonstrates strong gradient forces, which may attract …
Frequency Selective Detection Of Infrared Radiation In Uncooled Optical Nano-Antenna Array, Sushrut Modak
Frequency Selective Detection Of Infrared Radiation In Uncooled Optical Nano-Antenna Array, Sushrut Modak
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Mid-infrared (mid-IR) detection and imaging over atmospheric transparent 3-5 μm and 8-12 μm bands are increasingly becoming important for various space, defense and civilian applications. Various kinds of microbolometers offer uncooled detection of IR radiation. However, broadband absorption of microbolometers makes them less sensitive to spectrally resolved detection of infrared radiation and the fabrication is also very tedious involving multiple complex lithography steps. In this study, we designed an optical nano-antenna array based detector with narrow frequency band of operation. The structure consists of a two-element antenna array comprised of a perforated metallic hole array coupled with an underneath disk …
Control Based Soft Switching Three-Phase Micro-Inverter: Efficiency And Power Density Optimization, Ahmadreza Amirahmadi
Control Based Soft Switching Three-Phase Micro-Inverter: Efficiency And Power Density Optimization, Ahmadreza Amirahmadi
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In the field of renewable energy, solar photovoltaic is growing exponentially. Grid-tied PV micro-inverters have become the trend for future PV system development because of their remarkable advantages such as enhanced energy production due to MPPT implementation for each PV panel, high reliability due to redundant and distributed system architecture, and simple design, installation, and management due to its plug-and-play feature. Conventional approaches for the PV micro-inverters are mainly in the form of single-phase grid connected and they aim at the residential and commercial rooftop applications. It would be advantageous to extend the micro-inverter concept to large size PV installations …
Learning Collective Behavior In Multi-Relational Networks, Xi Wang
Learning Collective Behavior In Multi-Relational Networks, Xi Wang
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
With the rapid expansion of the Internet and WWW, the problem of analyzing social media data has received an increasing amount of attention in the past decade. The boom in social media platforms offers many possibilities to study human collective behavior and interactions on an unprecedented scale. In the past, much work has been done on the problem of learning from networked data with homogeneous topologies, where instances are explicitly or implicitly inter-connected by a single type of relationship. In contrast to traditional content-only classification methods, relational learning succeeds in improving classification performance by leveraging the correlation of the labels …
Nonlinear Integrated Photonics On Silicon And Gallium Arsenide Substrates, Jichi Ma
Nonlinear Integrated Photonics On Silicon And Gallium Arsenide Substrates, Jichi Ma
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Silicon photonics is nowadays a mature technology and is on the verge of becoming a blossoming industry. Silicon photonics has also been pursued as a platform for integrated nonlinear optics based on Raman and Kerr effects. In recent years, more futuristic directions have been pursued by various groups. For instance, the realm of silicon photonics has been expanded beyond the well-established near-infrared wavelengths and into the mid-infrared (3 - 5 µm). In this wavelength range, the omnipresent hurdle of nonlinear silicon photonics in the telecommunication band, i.e., nonlinear losses due to two-photon absorption, is inherently nonexistent. With the lack of …
Specialty Fiber Lasers And Novel Fiber Devices, Clemence Jollivet
Specialty Fiber Lasers And Novel Fiber Devices, Clemence Jollivet
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
At the Dawn of the 21st century, the field of specialty optical fibers experienced a scientific revolution with the introduction of the stack-and-draw technique, a multi-steps and advanced fiber fabrication method, which enabled the creation of well-controlled micro-structured designs. Since then, an extremely wide variety of finely tuned fiber structures have been demonstrated including novel materials and novel designs. As the complexity of the fiber design increased, highly-controlled fabrication processes became critical. To determine the ability of a novel fiber design to deliver light with properties tailored according to a specific application, several mode analysis techniques were reported, addressing the …
Lp Fiber Mode Converters Using Holographic Phase Mask In Photo-Thermo-Refractive Glass, Aniket Patil
Lp Fiber Mode Converters Using Holographic Phase Mask In Photo-Thermo-Refractive Glass, Aniket Patil
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In this study, an investigation was undertaken to research the use of holographic phase masks (HPMs) in photo-thermo-refractive (PTR) glass as mode converters for linearly polarized (LP) fiber modes. A Spatial Light Modulator (SLM) was used to generate higher-order transverse fiber modes LPm,n. Under proper incidence condition on the holographic device, LPm,n modes are diffracted and simultaneously converted into higher order or lower order LP modes. The process was analyzed by imaging the far field on a CCD camera. It is demonstrated that using this novel method of converting transverse fiber modes several combinations of LP modes can be converted …
Advanced Liquid Crystal Materials For Display And Photonic Applications, Yuan Chen
Advanced Liquid Crystal Materials For Display And Photonic Applications, Yuan Chen
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Thin-film-transistor (TFT) liquid crystal display (LCD) has been widely used in smartphones, pads, laptops, computer monitors, and large screen televisions, just to name a few. A great deal of effort has been delved into wide viewing angle, high resolution, low power consumption, and vivid color. However, relatively slow response time and low transmittance remain as technical challenges. To improve response time, several approaches have been developed, such as low viscosity liquid crystals, overdrive and undershoot voltage schemes, thin cell gap with a high birefringence liquid crystal, and elevated temperature operation. The state-of-the-art gray-to-gray response time of a nematic LC device …
Generation And Characterization Of Sub-70 Isolated Attosecond Pulses, Qi Zhang
Generation And Characterization Of Sub-70 Isolated Attosecond Pulses, Qi Zhang
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Dynamics occurring on microscopic scales, such as electronic motion inside atoms and molecules, are governed by quantum mechanics. However, the Schroedinger equation is usually too complicated to solve analytically for systems other than the hydrogen atom. Even for some simple atoms such as helium, it still takes months to do a full numerical analysis. Therefore, practical problems are often solved only after simplification. The results are then compared with the experimental outcome in both the spectral and temporal domain. For accurate experimental comparison, temporal resolution on the attosecond scale is required. This had not been achieved until the first demonstration …
High Performance Three-Dimensional Display Based On Polymer-Stabilized Blue Phase Liquid Crystal, Yifan Liu
High Performance Three-Dimensional Display Based On Polymer-Stabilized Blue Phase Liquid Crystal, Yifan Liu
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Autostereoscopic 2D/3D (two-dimension/three-dimension) switchable display has been attracting great interest in research and practical applications for several years. Among different autostereoscopic solutions, direction-multiplexed 3D displays based on microlens array or parallax barrier are viewed as the most promising candidates, due to their compatibility with conventional 2D display technologies. These 2D/3D switchable display system designs rely on fast switching display panels and photonics devices, including adaptive focus microlens array and switchable slit array. Polymer-stabilized blue phase liquid crystal (PS-BPLC) material provides a possible solution to meet the aforementioned fast response time requirement. However, present display and photonic devices based on blue …
Holographic Recording And Applications Of Multiplexed Volume Bragg Gratings In Photo-Thermo-Refractive Glass, Daniel Ott
Holographic Recording And Applications Of Multiplexed Volume Bragg Gratings In Photo-Thermo-Refractive Glass, Daniel Ott
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Recent developments in holographic recording of volume Bragg gratings (VBGs) in photo-thermo-refractive (PTR) glass have demonstrated their utility as components in high power laser systems for spectral narrowing, transverse mode control, beam combining, and pulse stretching/compression. VBG structures are capable of diffracting incident light into a single diffraction order with high efficiency given the Bragg condition is met. The Bragg condition depends on both the wavelength and angle of the incident light making VBGs useful for filtering and manipulating both the wavelength and angular spectrum of a source. This dissertation expands upon previous research in PTR VBGs by investigating multiplexed …
Entangled Photon Pairs In Disordered Photonic Lattices, Lane Martin
Entangled Photon Pairs In Disordered Photonic Lattices, Lane Martin
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Photonic lattices consisting of arrays of evanescently coupled waveguides fabricated with precisely controlled parameters have enabled the study of discrete optical phenomena, both classical and quantum, and the simulation of other physical phenomena governed by the same dynamics. In this dissertation, I have experimentally demonstrated transverse Anderson localization of classical light in arrays with off-diagonal coupling disorder and investigated theoretically and experimentally the propagation of entangled photon pairs through such disordered systems. I discovered a new phenomenon, Anderson co-localization, in which a spatially entangled photon pair in a correlated transversally extended state localizes in the correlation space, though neither photon …
Complexity Reduction Of Motion Estimation In Hevc, Jayesh Dubhashi
Complexity Reduction Of Motion Estimation In Hevc, Jayesh Dubhashi
Electrical Engineering Theses - Archive
The High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) standard is the latest video coding project developed by the Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC) which involves the International Telecommunication Unit (ITU-T) Video Coding Experts Group (VCEG) and the ISO/IEC Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) standardization organizations. The HEVC standard is an optimization of the previous standard H.264/AVC (Advanced Video coding) with the bit-rate reduction of about 50% at the same visual quality.The most complex and time consuming process in the HEVC encoding is the motion estimation. The process involves finding the best matching block in the current frame by comparing it …
Eece 7907/8907: Computational Science & Engineering (Syllabus), Madhusudhanan Balasubramanian
Eece 7907/8907: Computational Science & Engineering (Syllabus), Madhusudhanan Balasubramanian
Electrical and Computer Engineering Syllabi Archive
Course Description: Scientific computing is a powerful approach to study and solve engineering, scientific, and interdisciplinary biomedical problems involving complex geometrical structure and function. The following topics are covered in this class to learn the theoretical foundation, to program and to use the finite element method to solve linear boundary value problems in 1-D and 2-D: 1) Review of tools and methods from ordinary differential equations, partial differential equations, and calculus of variation for solving boundary value problems; 2) Review of Hilbert and Banach spaces; 3) Overview of finite difference and finite element methods for solving boundary value problems; 4) …
Eece 7903/8903: Computational Science & Engineering Ii: Fluid Flow (Syllabus), Madhusudhanan Balasubramanian
Eece 7903/8903: Computational Science & Engineering Ii: Fluid Flow (Syllabus), Madhusudhanan Balasubramanian
Electrical and Computer Engineering Syllabi Archive
Course Description: Modeling of transport phenomena from governing physical principles (e.g. fluid flow) and numerical analysis of the underlying differential equations have a broad spectrum of applications ranging from biomedicine, engineering design and simulation, aerodynamics, weather forecasting to animated motion pictures. Topics covered will emphasize on a collective learning of physical phenomena and theoretical models that govern fluid flow, mathematical formulation, numerical analysis and visualization of fluid flow. Particular emphasis will be on mathematical development of finite-element methods for incompressible Navier-Stokes equations governing fluid flow in a non-moving domain. Class projects will be structured to aid learning key theoretical concepts …
A Static Voltage Security Region For Centralized Wind Power Integration-Part I: Concept And Method, Tao Ding, Qinglai Guo, Rui Bo, Hongbin Sun, Boming Zhang
A Static Voltage Security Region For Centralized Wind Power Integration-Part I: Concept And Method, Tao Ding, Qinglai Guo, Rui Bo, Hongbin Sun, Boming Zhang
Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
When large wind farms are centrally integrated in a power grid, cascading tripping faults induced by voltage issues are becoming a great challenge. This paper therefore proposes a concept of static voltage security region to guarantee that the voltage will remain within operation limits under both base conditions and N-1 contingencies. For large wind farms, significant computational effort is required to calculate the exact boundary of the proposed security region. To reduce this computational burden and facilitate the overall analysis, the characteristics of the security region are first analyzed, and its boundary components are shown to be strictly convex. Approximate …
A Static Voltage Security Region For Centralized Wind Power Integration-Part Ii: Applications, Tao Ding, Qinglai Guo, Rui Bo, Hongbin Sun, Boming Zhang, Tianen Huang
A Static Voltage Security Region For Centralized Wind Power Integration-Part Ii: Applications, Tao Ding, Qinglai Guo, Rui Bo, Hongbin Sun, Boming Zhang, Tianen Huang
Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
In Part I of this work, a static voltage security region was introduced to guarantee the safety of wind farm reactive power outputs under both base conditions and N-1 contingency. In this paper, a mathematical representation of the approximate N-1 security region has further studied to provide better coordination among wind farms and help prevent cascading tripping following a single wind farm trip. Besides, the influence of active power on the security region is studied. The proposed methods are demonstrated for N-1 contingency cases in a nine-bus system. The simulations verify that the N-1 security region is a small subset …
Blackbox Macro-Modeling Of The Nonlinearity Based On Volterra Series Representation Of X-Parameters, Xiaoyan Y.Z. Xiong, Li (Lijun) J. Jiang, José E. Schutt-Ainé, Weng Cho Chew
Blackbox Macro-Modeling Of The Nonlinearity Based On Volterra Series Representation Of X-Parameters, Xiaoyan Y.Z. Xiong, Li (Lijun) J. Jiang, José E. Schutt-Ainé, Weng Cho Chew
Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Volterra series representation is a powerful mathematical model for nonlinear devices. However, the difficulties in determining higher-order Volterra kernels limited its broader applications. This paper proposed a systematic approach that enables a convenient extraction of Volterra kernels from X-parameters for the first time. Then the Vandermonde method is employed to separate different orders of Volterra kernels at the same frequency, which leads to a highly efficient extraction process. The proposed Volterra series representation based on X-parameters is further benchmarked for verification. The proposed new algorithm is very useful for the blackbox macro-modeling of nonlinear devices and systems.