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Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

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Articles 181 - 210 of 3506

Full-Text Articles in Electrical and Computer Engineering

A Wavegan Approach For Mmwave-Based Fanet Topology Optimization, Enas Odat, Hakim Ghazzai, Ahmad Alsharoa Jan 2024

A Wavegan Approach For Mmwave-Based Fanet Topology Optimization, Enas Odat, Hakim Ghazzai, Ahmad Alsharoa

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The integration of dynamic Flying Ad hoc Networks (FANETs) and millimeter Wave (mmWave) technology can offer a promising solution for numerous data-intensive applications, as it enables the establishment of a robust flying infrastructure with significant data transmission capabilities. However, to enable effective mmWave communication within this dynamic network, it is essential to precisely align the steerable antennas mounted on Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) with their corresponding peer units. Therefore, it is important to design a novel approach that can quickly determine an optimized alignment and network topology. In this paper, we propose a Generative Adversarial Network (GAN)-based approach, called WaveGAN, …

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Ultra-Fast Annealing Improves Snr And Long-Term Stability Of A Highly Multiplexed Line-By-Line Fbg Array Inscribed By Femtosecond Laser In A Coreless Fiber For Extreme-Temperature Applications, Farhan Mumtaz, Bohong Zhang, Jeffrey D. Smith, Ronald J. O'Malley, Rex E. Gerald, Jie Huang Jan 2024

Ultra-Fast Annealing Improves Snr And Long-Term Stability Of A Highly Multiplexed Line-By-Line Fbg Array Inscribed By Femtosecond Laser In A Coreless Fiber For Extreme-Temperature Applications, Farhan Mumtaz, Bohong Zhang, Jeffrey D. Smith, Ronald J. O'Malley, Rex E. Gerald, Jie Huang

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This study reports the fabrication of an 4th-order line-by-line Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBG) array using femtosecond laser inscription within a highly multimode coreless optical fiber, with a particular focus on achieving substantial multiplexing capabilities. An ultra-fast annealing procedure is employed, resulting in an impressive enhancement of the FBG sensor's fringe visibility by approximately 13 dB, signifying a notable improvement of approximately ~4 dB. This substantial enhancement contributes to the long-term stability and performance of the multiplexed FBG array in extreme temperature conditions. The systematic fabrication approach employed for the multiplexed FBG array guarantees a high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for each …

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A Novel Physics-Assisted Genetic Algorithm For Decoupling Capacitor Optimization, Li Jiang, Ling Zhang, Shurun Tan, Da Li, Chulsoon Hwang, Jun Fan, Er Ping Li Jan 2024

A Novel Physics-Assisted Genetic Algorithm For Decoupling Capacitor Optimization, Li Jiang, Ling Zhang, Shurun Tan, Da Li, Chulsoon Hwang, Jun Fan, Er Ping Li

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This article proposes a new physics-assisted genetic algorithm (PAGA) for decoupling capacitor (decap) optimization in power distribution networks (PDNs), which is a highly efficient approach to minimizing the number of decaps within an enormous search space. In the proposed PAGA method, the priority of the decap ports is first determined based on their physical loop inductances. Then, an initial solution is quickly obtained by placing decaps sequentially on the port with the highest priority. Subsequently, a GA with prior physical knowledge is developed to find better decap solutions progressively. A port removal scheme that eliminates the low-priority ports and a …

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Statistical Eye Diagrams For High-Speed Interconnects Of Packages: A Review, Junyong Park, Donghyun Kim Jan 2024

Statistical Eye Diagrams For High-Speed Interconnects Of Packages: A Review, Junyong Park, Donghyun Kim

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

An eye diagram, a critical metric in signal integrity analysis for high-speed interconnects such as packages, interposer, and printed circuit boards (PCBs), is generated by superposition of the received waveform. Obtaining an eye diagram is time-consuming, thus signal integrity analysis is inefficient. This article reviews that have been proposed to overcome this limitation. The statistical eye diagram provides a probability distribution depending on a sampling time and voltage, therefore it can be expanded to other metrics, such as the bit-error rate and shmoo plot. This article introduces previous research on statistical eye diagrams applied to complementary metal-oxide-semiconductors (CMOSs), noise, and …

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Segmented Fiber Optic Sensors Based On Hybrid Microwave-Photonic Interrogation, Wassana Naku, Osamah Alsalman, Jie Huang, Chen Zhu Jan 2024

Segmented Fiber Optic Sensors Based On Hybrid Microwave-Photonic Interrogation, Wassana Naku, Osamah Alsalman, Jie Huang, Chen Zhu

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In this paper, we propose and demonstrate a novel concept of segmented fiber optic sensors by integrating the fiber Bragg grating (FBG) reflector modality and a hybrid interrogation technique enabled by microwave photonics. As a proof of concept, a radiofrequency Fabry-Perot interferometer (FPI) based on an optical fiber with two FBGs as the two reflectors of the Fabry-Perot (FP) cavity is constructed. By measuring the frequency response of the FPI device followed by a joint-time-frequency-domain analysis, the interferogram of the FPI in the microwave domain and the time-domain signal of the FBGs can be unambiguously reconstructed. Thus, the two elements …

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Cascaded Weak Reflector Coaxial Cable Structure For Point And Distributed Large-Strain Sensing, Chen Zhu, Osamah Alsalman, Jie Huang Jan 2024

Cascaded Weak Reflector Coaxial Cable Structure For Point And Distributed Large-Strain Sensing, Chen Zhu, Osamah Alsalman, Jie Huang

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In this paper, we present a truly distributed sensing modality based on a cascaded weak reflector coaxial cable structure (CWR-CCS) for large strain measurements. Compared to an optical fiber, a coaxial cable is much more robust and has a larger strain capability to survive harsh conditions, which may enable important applications in structural health monitoring. By drilling serial shallow holes into a commercial flexible coaxial cable perturbing the local impedance along its axial direction, CWRs along the coaxial cable are introduced due to impedance mismatch, forming the CWR-CCS. Gating a certain number of sequential reflectors in the time-domain reflection signal …

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Controller Area Network With Flexible Data Rate (Can Fd) Eye Diagram Prediction, Junyong Park, Manho Lee, Shinyoung Park, Jonghoon Kim, Joungho Kim, Donghyun Kim Jan 2024

Controller Area Network With Flexible Data Rate (Can Fd) Eye Diagram Prediction, Junyong Park, Manho Lee, Shinyoung Park, Jonghoon Kim, Joungho Kim, Donghyun Kim

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A method for predicting the eye diagram for a controller area network with a flexible data rate (CAN FD) is proposed in this article. A CAN FD changes a data rate according to the status to overcome the limitation of latency. In other words, when data to be transmitted are accumulated, the CAN FD increases the data rate up to 5 Mb/s. The CAN FD has a bus topology consisting of multiple electronic control units, which results in a significant amount of signal reflection. Thus, the above causes the signal integrity analysis uncertain. To avoid this, this article proposes a …

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A Segmentation Approach For Predicting Plane Wave Coupling To Pcb Structures, Shengxuan Xia, James Hunter, Aaron Harmon, Ahmed M. Hassan, Victor Khilkevich, Daryl G. Beetner Jan 2024

A Segmentation Approach For Predicting Plane Wave Coupling To Pcb Structures, Shengxuan Xia, James Hunter, Aaron Harmon, Ahmed M. Hassan, Victor Khilkevich, Daryl G. Beetner

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Evaluating the far-field radio frequency (RF) susceptibility of electronic devices often depends on extensive testing or full wave simulations. These methods are effective when complete system information is available but require substantial time and resources to evaluate a large number of variations in system configurations, where trace routings, integrated circuit (IC) package styles, trace terminations, arrival angle, and polarization of incoming wave, etc., are varied from one configuration to another. The goal of the following article is to develop simulation techniques for studying the statistical characteristics of coupling to typical printed circuit board (PCB) structures. Simulation time can be reduced …

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Meta-Icvi: Ensemble Validity Metrics For Concise Labeling Of Correct, Under- Or Over-Partitioning In Streaming Clustering, Niklas M. Melton, Sasha Petrenko, Donald C. Wunsch Jan 2024

Meta-Icvi: Ensemble Validity Metrics For Concise Labeling Of Correct, Under- Or Over-Partitioning In Streaming Clustering, Niklas M. Melton, Sasha Petrenko, Donald C. Wunsch

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Understanding the performance and validity of clustering algorithms is both challenging and crucial, particularly when clustering must be done online. Until recently, most validation methods have relied on batch calculation and have required considerable human expertise in their interpretation. Improving real-time performance and interpretability of cluster validation, therefore, continues to be an important theme in unsupervised learning. Building upon previous work on incremental cluster validity indices (iCVIs), this paper introduces the Meta- iCVI as a tool for explainable and concise labeling of partition quality in online clustering. Leveraging a time-series classifier and data-fusion techniques, the Meta- iCVI combines the outputs …

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Adaptive Resilient Control For A Class Of Nonlinear Distributed Parameter Systems With Actuator Faults, Hasan Ferdowsi, Jia Cai, Sarangapani Jagannathan Jan 2024

Adaptive Resilient Control For A Class Of Nonlinear Distributed Parameter Systems With Actuator Faults, Hasan Ferdowsi, Jia Cai, Sarangapani Jagannathan

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This paper presents a new model-based fault resilient control scheme for a class of nonlinear distributed parameter systems (DPS) represented by parabolic partial differential equations (PDE) in the presence of actuator faults. A Luenberger-like observer on the basis of nonlinear PDE representation of DPS is developed with boundary measurements. A detection residual is generated by taking the difference between the measured output of the DPS and the estimated one given by the observer. Once a fault is detected, an unknown actuator fault parameter vector together with a known basis function is utilized to adaptively estimate the fault dynamics. A novel …

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Equivalent Source Investigation For Pcb Vibration Excited By A Multilayer Ceramic Capacitor, Yifan Ding, Ming Feng Xue, Jianmin Zhang, Xin Hua, Benjamin Leung, Eric A. Macintosh, Chulsoon Hwang Jan 2024

Equivalent Source Investigation For Pcb Vibration Excited By A Multilayer Ceramic Capacitor, Yifan Ding, Ming Feng Xue, Jianmin Zhang, Xin Hua, Benjamin Leung, Eric A. Macintosh, Chulsoon Hwang

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLCCs) are commonly used on printed circuit board (PCB) power distribution networks (PDN) for decoupling purposes. However, an MLCC can act as a source to excite PCB vibrations due to noise ripples on the power rail. In this letter, four types of equivalent source configurations are studied and compared to represent the excitation of an MLCC on a PCB driven by power rail noise. The corresponding source values are extracted at test-vehicle PCB resonance frequencies. The investigation of the four equivalent source types involves a comparison between simulated and measured PCB vibration velocity responses triggered by MLCC …

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Modeling Wideband Radiated Emissions From Pcbs In Shielding Enclosures Based On Single-Plane Phaseless Near-Field Scanning, Zhifei Xiao, Zi An Wang, Li Jun Jiang, Ping Li Jan 2024

Modeling Wideband Radiated Emissions From Pcbs In Shielding Enclosures Based On Single-Plane Phaseless Near-Field Scanning, Zhifei Xiao, Zi An Wang, Li Jun Jiang, Ping Li

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This article presents a wideband phase less source reconstruction method (SRM) for the evaluation of the radiated emissions from printed circuit boards (PCBs) in shielding enclosures. The PCBs are modeled with equivalent dipoles, and the numerical Green's function (NGF) is deployed to establish the relationship between the equivalent source and the input near-field (NF) data, thus the electromagnetic influences of the surrounding environments comprehensively accounted. This method only requires magnitude-only NF scanning over a single plane, thus significantly decreasing the NF measurement difficulty. To remedy the lack of phase information of the NF data, the input NF data are equally …

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Enhanced Sensitivity And Robustness In An Embeddable Strain Sensor Using Microwave Resonators, Yan Tang, Yizheng Chen, Qi Zhang, Biyao Shi, Jie Huang Jan 2024

Enhanced Sensitivity And Robustness In An Embeddable Strain Sensor Using Microwave Resonators, Yan Tang, Yizheng Chen, Qi Zhang, Biyao Shi, Jie Huang

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This Paper Introduces A Novel, Cost-Effective, And Durable Strain Sensor With Exceptional Sensitivity And Resolution, Utilizing An Open-Ended Hollow Coaxial Cable Resonator (OE-HCCR). The OE-HCCR Is Characterized By Two Reflective Elements: A Metal Post That Connects The Inner And Outer Conductors At The Signal's Entrance, And A Terminal Flange Near The Coaxial Line's End, Establishing A Variable Gap. The Sensor Employs A Paired Anchor Ring In Conjunction With The Terminal Flange To Transduce And Direct Strain. Variations In The Gap Alter The Resonant Frequency By Modulating The Phase Of The Reflection Coefficient At The Cable's Terminus. Initial Calibration Revealed A …

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Optical Fiber Sensors Based On Advanced Vernier Effect - A Review, Wassana Naku, Jie Huang, Chen Zhu Jan 2024

Optical Fiber Sensors Based On Advanced Vernier Effect - A Review, Wassana Naku, Jie Huang, Chen Zhu

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The Optical Vernier Effect Has Emerged as a Powerful Tool for Enhancing the Sensitivity of Optical Fiber Interferometer-Based Sensors, Ushering in a New Era of Highly Sensitive Fiber Sensing Systems. While Previous Research Has Primarily Focused on the Physical Implementation of Vernier Effect-Based Sensors using Different Combinations of Interferometers, Conventional Vernier Sensors Face Several Challenges. These Include the Stringent Requirements on the Sensor Fabrication Accuracy to Achieve a Large Amplification Factor, the Necessity of using a Source with a Very Large Bandwidth and a Bulky Optical Spectrum Analyzer, and the Associated Complex Signal Demodulation Processes. This Article Delves into Recent …

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Multimode Fiber-Based Interferometric Sensors With Microwave Photonics, Chen Zhu, Shuaifei Tian, Lingmei Ma, Jie Huang Jan 2024

Multimode Fiber-Based Interferometric Sensors With Microwave Photonics, Chen Zhu, Shuaifei Tian, Lingmei Ma, Jie Huang

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Interferometry is one of the most widely used investigative techniques in various fields. With the implementation of interferometry on optical fibers, fiber optic interferometers (FOIs) have gained tremendous growth and advancement in the past four decades and have been explored for measurements of a diverse array of physical, chemical, and biological parameters. FOIs are typically constructed using single-mode fibers (SMFs) and are interrogated in the optical domain using probing light with a tightly controlled state of polarization (SOP), to ensure high-quality interference signals that facilitate sensing applications. The stringent requirement on the single-mode operation, as well as SOP, has hindered …

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Time-Resolved Electromagnetic Near-Field Scanning: Dual Sparse Sampling In Time And Space, Yanming Zhang, Peifeng Ma, Lijun Jiang, Steven Gao Jan 2024

Time-Resolved Electromagnetic Near-Field Scanning: Dual Sparse Sampling In Time And Space, Yanming Zhang, Peifeng Ma, Lijun Jiang, Steven Gao

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Time-resolved electromagnetic near-field scanning plays a pivotal role in antenna measurement and unraveling complex electromagnetic interference and compatibility issues. However, the rapid acquisition of high-resolution spatio–temporal data remains challenging due to physical constraints, such as moving the probe position and allowing sufficient time for sampling. This article presents a novel hybrid approach combining kriging for sparse spatial measurement, compressed sensing (cs) for sparse temporal sampling, and dynamic mode decomposition (dmd) for comprehensive analysis of the dual-sparse sampling electromagnetic near-field data. We leverage cs to optimize sparse sampling in the time domain and latin hypercube sampling to guide the probe position …

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Investigation Of Intermodal Four-Wave Mixing For Continuous-Wave Photon-Pair Generation, Seyedehnajmeh Montazeri, Md Abu Zobair, Mina Esmaeelpour Jan 2024

Investigation Of Intermodal Four-Wave Mixing For Continuous-Wave Photon-Pair Generation, Seyedehnajmeh Montazeri, Md Abu Zobair, Mina Esmaeelpour

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

We Experimentally Demonstrate the Various Intermodal and Intramodal Four-Wave Mixing Processes in a Few-Mode Fiber with Three Modes using Non-Degenerate Pumps. We Distinguish the Processes by Calculating their Phase Mismatch and Identify the Intermodal Spontaneous Four-Wave Mixing Process that Generates Entangled Photon Pairs in Various Modes. We Achieve This using Continuous-Wave Beams and the Seeding Technique Due to the Low Efficiency of the Spontaneous Four-Wave Mixing Effect in the Fiber. We Seeded the Stokes and Anti-Stokes Waves and Measured the Spectral Content of Each Mode While Moving the Seed Away from the Perfect Phase-Matched Condition in the Fiber under Test. …

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A Robust Demand Regulation Strategy For Ders In A Single-Controllable Active Distribution Network, Shah Fahad, Arman Goudarzi, Rui Bo, Muhammad Waseem, Rashid Al-Ammari, Atif Iqbal Jan 2024

A Robust Demand Regulation Strategy For Ders In A Single-Controllable Active Distribution Network, Shah Fahad, Arman Goudarzi, Rui Bo, Muhammad Waseem, Rashid Al-Ammari, Atif Iqbal

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Over the past decade, pq regulation schemes for a single-controllable active distribution network (adn) using coordination among a network of virtual synchronous generators (vsgs) have been proposed. However, considering the variable nature of intermittent renewable energy sources (iress), coupling a cluster of iress with the point of common coupling (pcc) of adn could inflict transient issues for the power management of the whole adn. To counter these challenges, the proposed study has three main objectives: 1) to propose a modified mathematical model that represents the apparent resistance-reactance at the pcc of adn in relation to the pq coordination among the …

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Fabrication And Analysis Of A Gas Sensor Utilizing A Fabry-Perot Interferometer With Varied Thicknesses Of Zif-8 Coating On End-Faced Single-Mode Optical Fiber, Nahideh Salehifar, Rex E. Gerald, Jie Huang Jan 2024

Fabrication And Analysis Of A Gas Sensor Utilizing A Fabry-Perot Interferometer With Varied Thicknesses Of Zif-8 Coating On End-Faced Single-Mode Optical Fiber, Nahideh Salehifar, Rex E. Gerald, Jie Huang

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This research investigates the potential of integrating optical fiber and sensitive thin film coating materials to develop diverse chemical sensing platforms. We utilized a layer-by-layer synthesis technique, along with specific pre- post treatment methods, to create highly effective nonporous metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), specifically ZIF-8, ranging from the nanometer scale to the micrometer scale (800 nm to 110 μm). Additionally, we successfully cultivated ZIF-8 on both sides of a single-mode fiber (SMF) with thicknesses of 25 μm and 50 μm. In a separate experiment, we successfully grew ZIF-8 on one side of an optical fiber, achieving a thickness of 10 μm. …

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A Compact And High-Efficiency Antenna Design For Tire Pressure Monitoring System Applications, Lei Deng, Lidong Chi, Francesco De Paulis, Yihong Qi Jan 2024

A Compact And High-Efficiency Antenna Design For Tire Pressure Monitoring System Applications, Lei Deng, Lidong Chi, Francesco De Paulis, Yihong Qi

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This article proposes a novel design for a compact antenna that exhibits high efficiency and low interference and is suitable for tire pressure monitoring systems (TPMSs) based on Bluetooth communication interface at 2.4 GHz. Tires constitute a dissipative environment, where the efficiency of the TPMS is affected by both antenna losses and losses from the tire parts, both conductive and dielectric. This article conducts an analysis and simulation of the electromagnetic (EM) environment of the tire and identifies the optimal polarization and placement position for the TPMS antenna to minimize resonance losses of EM waves within the tire, enhance lateral …

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Modified Thermographic Signal-To-Noise Ratio For Active Microwave Thermography, Logan M. Wilcox, Kristen M. Donnell Jan 2024

Modified Thermographic Signal-To-Noise Ratio For Active Microwave Thermography, Logan M. Wilcox, Kristen M. Donnell

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Active microwave thermography (AMT) is an active thermographic nondestructive testing and evaluation (NDT&E) technique that utilizes an active electromagnetic-based excitation. This excitation is achieved through a radiating antenna and is spatially nonuniform in nature. As such, the electromagnetically-induced heat is also spatially nonuniform, as it is directly related to the radiated power density incident on the specimen under test (SUT). After excitation, infrared measurements on the surface of the SUT are completed using an infrared camera. Common post processing techniques including thermal contrast (TC) and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) are often applied to these measured results. As these post processing techniques …

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Survey Of Hidden Markov Models (Hmms) For Sign Language Recognition (Slr), Iwan Sandjaja, Ahmad Alsharoa, Donald Wunsch, Jian Liu Jan 2024

Survey Of Hidden Markov Models (Hmms) For Sign Language Recognition (Slr), Iwan Sandjaja, Ahmad Alsharoa, Donald Wunsch, Jian Liu

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This paper surveyed several significant papers on specific topics applying the Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) for Sign Language Recognition (SLR), divided into five main episodes: Classical HMMs, Extended HMMs, HMMs and Machine Learning, HMMs and Sensor Fusion, and HMMs and Big Data. This stringent survey would contribute significantly to advanced research on unification brain models such as neural networks, adaptive resonance theory, and confabulation theory. First, the HMM was introduced as one of the popular methods of performing SLR, and each episode of its development was expounded. In each episode, a main paper and several supporting papers were summarized. Next, …

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Uncertainty Quantification For Peec Based On Wasserstein Generative Adversarial Network, Yuan Ping, Yanming Zhang, Lijun Jiang Jan 2024

Uncertainty Quantification For Peec Based On Wasserstein Generative Adversarial Network, Yuan Ping, Yanming Zhang, Lijun Jiang

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This article proposes a modified generative adversarial network (GAN)-based approach, namely Wasserstein GAN (WGAN), for the uncertainty quantification (UQ) in partial equivalent element circuit (PEEC) models. Initially, the stochastic PEEC is constructed to obtain the sample data of the quantities of interest (QoI). This sample data, along with the fake data from the generator, serves as input for the discriminator in WGAN. The loss function of the generator in WGAN is constructed using the Wasserstein distance to provide a more usable gradient than that in the traditional GAN. By estimating the distribution of sample data using the fake data in …

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Adaptive Critic Optimal Control Of An Uncertain Robot Manipulator With Applications, Ravi Prakash, Laxmidhar Behera, Sarangapani Jagannathan Jan 2024

Adaptive Critic Optimal Control Of An Uncertain Robot Manipulator With Applications, Ravi Prakash, Laxmidhar Behera, Sarangapani Jagannathan

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Realistic manipulation tasks involve a prolonged sequence of motor skills in varying control environments consisting of uncertain robot dynamic models and end-effector payloads. To address these challenges, this article proposes an adaptive critic (AC)-based basis function neural network (BFNN) optimal controller. Using a single neural network (NN) with a basis function, the proposed optimal controller simultaneously learns task-related optimal cost function, robot internal dynamics, and optimal control law. This is achieved through the development of a novel BFNN tuning law using closed-loop system stability. Therefore, the proposed optimal controller provides real-time, implementable, cost-effective control solutions for practical robotic tasks. The …

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Modelling Weave Effect In Pcbs Using 2d Cross-Sectional Analysis, Victor Khilkevich, Scott Hinaga Jan 2024

Modelling Weave Effect In Pcbs Using 2d Cross-Sectional Analysis, Victor Khilkevich, Scott Hinaga

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Printed circuit board dielectric substrates are composite materials produced by embedding fiber glass fabrics into epoxy resin. Because of this the medium in the PCB transmission lines is inhomogeneous which often leads to degradation of the signal integrity performance of the lines, particularly due to the differential skew. The detrimental effect of the fiber weave can be modeled relatively accurately using full-wave analysis, but at a high computational cost. Alternative modelling techniques are less demanding but often lack accuracy. This article investigates a possibility of using the 2D cross-sectional analysis for the fiber weave effect modeling, which considerably decreases the …

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Towards Explainability Of Dimension Reduction Plots Of Unsupervised Learning Model Outcomes, Tony E.Astuhuaman Davila, Daniel B. Hier, Tayo Obafemi-Ajayi Jan 2024

Towards Explainability Of Dimension Reduction Plots Of Unsupervised Learning Model Outcomes, Tony E.Astuhuaman Davila, Daniel B. Hier, Tayo Obafemi-Ajayi

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Dimension reduction methods are used to visualize the output of unsupervised learning models when applied to complex data. These techniques improve interpretability by transforming a high-dimension space to a lower-dimension space (usually 2D or 3D). The results are typically viewed as 2D scatter plots, and class centroids may be added to increase interpretability. Although useful, the relationship of these class centroids to the underlying feature space remains opaque. The innovative aspect of this work is to create a strong link between the dimension-reduced space and the underlying high-dimension feature space by adding selected feature centroids to the 2D scatter plots. …

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Statistical Analysis Of Electromagnetic Coupling To Printed Circuit Boards, Shengxuan Xia, Victor Khilkevich, Daryl Beetner Jan 2024

Statistical Analysis Of Electromagnetic Coupling To Printed Circuit Boards, Shengxuan Xia, Victor Khilkevich, Daryl Beetner

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Determining electromagnetic (EM) coupling to printed circuit boards (PCBs) is essential to finding potential EM susceptibilities early in the design process. For realistic PCB structures, analysis usually relies heavily on time-consuming full-wave simulations because of the complexity of the geometries and the lack of analytical solutions. In this paper, we adopt a segmentation approach based on far-field reciprocity which allows for rapid estimation of the voltage induced at trace terminations over frequency, and which is then used to estimate statistical characteristic of coupling across trace geometries. Frequency-domain results can then be used to estimate time-domain responses with appropriate transformations. Super-position …

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An Equivalent Coil Model Of A Wireless Power Transfer System Including Eddy Loss, Hanyu Zhang, Daryl G. Beetner Jan 2024

An Equivalent Coil Model Of A Wireless Power Transfer System Including Eddy Loss, Hanyu Zhang, Daryl G. Beetner

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A wireless power transfer (WPT) system suffers from eddy loss if a conductive object is placed near the coupling coil. In this paper, a 3-coil equivalent circuit model for the coupling coil in a WPT system is proposed for analyzing the eddy loss due to nearby conductors. This model uses a third coil with inductive coupling to the original transmitting and receiving coils to model the eddy loss. The proposed model was validated by comparing the Z-parameters with a full-wave simulation and showing good correlation over the frequency of interest, where the traditional 2-coil model fails. The 3-coil model is …

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Multilayer Ceramic Capacitor Vibration Source Model Library Development, Yifan Ding, Ming Feng Xue, Jianmin Zhang, Xin Hua, Benjamin Leung, Eric A. Macintosh, Chulsoon Hwang Jan 2024

Multilayer Ceramic Capacitor Vibration Source Model Library Development, Yifan Ding, Ming Feng Xue, Jianmin Zhang, Xin Hua, Benjamin Leung, Eric A. Macintosh, Chulsoon Hwang

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

When a Multilayer Ceramic Capacitor (MLCC) is Soldered on a Printed Circuit Board (PCB), the Capacitor Deformation Generates a Force on the PCB, Which Serves as a Source to Excite PCB Vibration and Generate Unwanted Acoustic Noise. a MLCC Can Be Used under Any Loading Conditions as Long as the Power Supply Voltage Remains Below its Rated Voltage; Thus, the MLCC Source Mode Can Be Extremely Complicated Because of Different Combinations Including Direct Current Voltage Levels, Alternating Current Noise Amplitudes, and Related Frequencies. When the Power Rail is under Different Loading Conditions, the PCB Vibration Amplitude Can Differ; However, the …

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Prompt, Accurate, And Noncontact Material Identification Using A Single Microwave Sensor With Machine Learning Analysis, Chen Zhu, Osamah Alsalman, Jie Huang Jan 2024

Prompt, Accurate, And Noncontact Material Identification Using A Single Microwave Sensor With Machine Learning Analysis, Chen Zhu, Osamah Alsalman, Jie Huang

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In This Article, a Novel Approach to Microwave Sensors is Proposed and Demonstrated that Allows for Prompt, Accurate, and Noncontact Material Identification Even with Arbitrary Lift-Off Distances between the Sensor and the Material under Test (MUT). a Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) is Trained to Directly Learn the Relation of the Measured Reflection Spectra of a Homemade Open-Ended Coaxial Cable Resonator Probe with Respect to Different MUTs and Then Achieve One-To-One Mapping between a Measured Spectrum and the MUT. as a Proof-Of-Concept Demonstration, the Performance of the MLP Model is Tested using Easily Accessible Materials, Including Wood, Glass, Water, and Metal. Reflection …

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