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Articles 121 - 150 of 656

Full-Text Articles in Electrical and Computer Engineering

Devices To Study Cancer Cell Behavior, Mohammad G. Abdallah May 2018

Devices To Study Cancer Cell Behavior, Mohammad G. Abdallah

Electrical Engineering Dissertations - Archive

Cancer is a major health concern that effects millions of people worldwide. The main contributing factor to the deadliness of the disease is cancer metastasis, where the cancer cells break away from the primary tumor site, transmigrate through the endothelium, and form secondary tumors in distant areas. Many studies have identified links between the mechanical properties of the cellular microenvironment and the behavior of cancer cells. Also, nanobiotechnology and bioMEMS have had a tremendous impact on biosensing in the areas of cancer cell detection and therapeutics, disease diagnostics, and DNA analysis. Most current technologies enable observation of only the population-level …

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Design And Fabrication Of Self-Packaged, Flexible Mems Accelerometer And Aluminum Nitride Tactile Sensors, Md Sohel Mahmood May 2018

Design And Fabrication Of Self-Packaged, Flexible Mems Accelerometer And Aluminum Nitride Tactile Sensors, Md Sohel Mahmood

Electrical Engineering Dissertations - Archive

The work presented in this dissertation describes the design, fabrication and characterization of a Micro Electro Mechanical System (MEMS) capacitive accelerometer on a flexible substrate. To facilitate the bending of the accelerometers and make them mountable on a curved surface, polyimide was used as a flexible substrate. Considering its high glass transition temperature and low thermal expansion coefficient, PI5878G was chosen as the underlying flexible substrate. Three different sizes of accelerometers were designed in CoventorWare® software which utilizes Finite Element Method (FEM) to numerically perform various analyses. Capacitance simulation under acceleration, modal analysis, stress and pull-in study were performed in …

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Application Of The Research Process For The Development Of A Microgrid Modular Design For Tribal Healthcare Facilities In The Navajo Nation: Kayenta Health Center Used As A Subject Study For Experimental Data, Samuel Vega-Cotto May 2018

Application Of The Research Process For The Development Of A Microgrid Modular Design For Tribal Healthcare Facilities In The Navajo Nation: Kayenta Health Center Used As A Subject Study For Experimental Data, Samuel Vega-Cotto

Electrical Engineering Dissertations - Archive

There exist significant challenges and opportunities for improvement the power system of healthcare facilities for American Indian and Alaska natives. This Dissertation establishes plans and methodology to include the research process in the power system design utilizing Kayenta health center, which is located in the Navajo nation, as a subject study. Information about the solar irradiance on site, the PV system performance, the power quality and the power system load demand at the facility as well as observation of the related equipment is gathered. The Dissertation describes a seasonal experimental process related to a 100KW PV system case study at …

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Improved Initialization For The Multi Layer Perceptron, Abhishek Vinay Mainkar May 2018

Improved Initialization For The Multi Layer Perceptron, Abhishek Vinay Mainkar

Electrical Engineering Theses - Archive

A Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) neural network is used for solving nonlinear functional problems like function approximation, classification, data processing etc. MLP neural networks are usually trained using back propagation, which is a non-convex optimization problem for most of the loss functions. As there are multiple local minima, non-convex optimization curves generally converge to different optimal points for different initial conditions. So it not only affects the speed of the convergence but optimality as well. Initial parameters of neural networks are as important as the network architecture and initialization has been thoroughly studied in the past. This report discusses the fusion …

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Nanopore Biosensors For Molecular Detection And Analysis, Muhammad Usman Raza May 2018

Nanopore Biosensors For Molecular Detection And Analysis, Muhammad Usman Raza

Electrical Engineering Dissertations - Archive

Nanoscale fabrication techniques have led the march towards a new class of biosensors that were not possible to build in the past due to technological limitations. These molecular nanosensors can have biochemical, electromagnetic, acoustic, optical or electrophoretic detection modalities. One of these nanosensors, is solid state nanopores which use resistive pulse sensing in nanometer apertures in thin dielectric membranes. Solid state nanopores have been fabricated using cutting edge fabrication techniques to detect and analyze nanoscale biomolecules such as DNA, proteins, miRNA, viruses etc. These biosensors can be used as electronic sensors for biomarkers of certain diseases such as cancer and …

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Label-Free Refractive Index Sensing With Free-Space Coupled Photonic Crystal Slabs, Yonghao Liu Dec 2017

Label-Free Refractive Index Sensing With Free-Space Coupled Photonic Crystal Slabs, Yonghao Liu

Electrical Engineering Dissertations - Archive

Label-free optical resonance sensors can detect small changes of refractive index (RI), which could be used for biochemical molecular detection, drug screening or gas detection. One of the most critical parameters in these sensors is the sensor detection limit (DL). Reducing DL can be achieved by increasing the resonance quality factors (Q) and the spectral sensitivity (S). Another critical research challenge in these sensors is the sensing specificity. In this thesis, based on Fano resonance principle in two-dimensional photonic crystal slabs (PCS) and the integration with gas separation columns, we investigated various free-space coupled on-chip optical resonance sensors for both …

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Label Free Optical Detection Of Electrical Activity In Mammalian Neurons, Sarmishtha Satpathy Dec 2017

Label Free Optical Detection Of Electrical Activity In Mammalian Neurons, Sarmishtha Satpathy

Electrical Engineering Dissertations - Archive

We describe an optical technique for label-free detection of the action potential in cultured mammalian neurons. Induced morphological changes due to action potential propagation in neurons are optically interrogated with a phase sensitive interferometric technique. Optical recordings composed of signal pulses mirror the electrical spike train activity of individual neurons in a network. The optical pulses are transient nanoscale oscillatory changes in the optical path length of varying peak magnitude and temporal width. Exogenous application of glutamate to cortical neuronal cultures produced coincident increase in the electrical and optical activity; both were blocked by application of a Na-channel blocker, Tetrodotoxin. …

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Large Dimensional Analysis And Optimization For Massive Mimo Wireless Networks, Longwei Wang Dec 2017

Large Dimensional Analysis And Optimization For Massive Mimo Wireless Networks, Longwei Wang

Electrical Engineering Dissertations - Archive

The Last decade has seen a massive growth of wireless devices. Demands for high capacity and massive connectivity always increases. To meet the these requirements, massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology is proposed for the next generation wireless systems. With massive antenna arrays at the BS, the channel vectors between the users and the BS are asymptotically orthogonal, and the intercell interference can be eliminated with simple linear processing method. The effects of fast fading, and uncorrelated noise tend to disappear as the number of BS station antennas grows large. In this thesis, we mainly focus on the performance analysis and …

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On Chip Hybrid Photonic Crystal Surface Emitting Lasers, Shih-Chia Liu Dec 2017

On Chip Hybrid Photonic Crystal Surface Emitting Lasers, Shih-Chia Liu

Electrical Engineering Dissertations - Archive

We report here the design and experimental demonstration of optically pumped photonic crystal bandedge membrane lasers on silicon-on-insulator (SOI) and on bulk silicon (Si) substrates, based on heterogeneously integrated InGaAsP multi-quantum-well membrane layers transfer printed onto patterned photonic crystal cavities. Single mode lasing under room-temperature operation was observed at 1542 nm, with excellent side mode suppression ratio greater than 31.5 dB, for the laser built on SOI substrate. For the laser built on bulk Si substrate, the improved thermal characteristics are favorable for lasers operating potentially at higher temperatures and higher power. We also report the experimental and theoretical investigations …

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Molecularly Engineered Surfaces For Early Cancer Diagnosis, Mohammad Raziul Hasan Dec 2017

Molecularly Engineered Surfaces For Early Cancer Diagnosis, Mohammad Raziul Hasan

Electrical Engineering Dissertations - Archive

Early detection of cancer can have immediate and significant impact on effective treatments for cancer patients and better disease prognosis. In the early stage of cancer, symptoms are initially expressed at molecular and cellular scales. Identification and capture of cancer cells can greatly advance cancer research. This research work is aimed to introduce novel biosensors and technologies for early cancer detection. We developed a one-step method to create nanotextured polymer substrates and showed the effect of surface nanotexture on cancer cell adhesion and cell surface interactions. The nanotextured surface was functionalized with an antibody to selectively capture cancer cells from …

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Massive Mimo Performance Analysis And Radar Sensor Networks Based Target Detection, Ganlin Zhao Dec 2017

Massive Mimo Performance Analysis And Radar Sensor Networks Based Target Detection, Ganlin Zhao

Electrical Engineering Dissertations - Archive

In this dissertation, we apply massive multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) performance analysis and radar target detection based on radar sensor networks(RSN). In recent years, massive MIMO draws great interest for wireless communication re- searchers. As a highly scalable technology for 5G networks, massive MIMO will meet the increasing demand for wireless throughput. Also, radar target detection is also an important topic for military and civilian applications. Improving detection accuracy when target is embedded in strong background clutter is a challenging task. In Chapter 2, we investigate scaling law of theoretical transmission capacity limit in an uplink multi-user MIMO system. In 5G network …

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Automated Multistep Classifier Sizing And Training For Deep Learner, Kanishka Tyagi Dec 2017

Automated Multistep Classifier Sizing And Training For Deep Learner, Kanishka Tyagi

Electrical Engineering Dissertations - Archive

Training algorithms for deep learning have recently been proposed with notable success, beating the start-of-the-art in certain areas like audio, speech and language processing. The key role is played by learning multiple levels of abstractions in a deep architecture. However, searching the parameters space in a deep architecture is a difficult task. By exploiting the greedy layer-wise unsupervised training strategy of deep architecture, the network parameters are initialized near a good local minima. However, many existing deep learning algorithms require tuning a number of hyperparameters including learning factors and the number of hidden units in each layer. Apart from this, …

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Nearest Neighbor Classifiers With Improved Accuracy And Efficiency, Sinchan Bhattacharya Dec 2017

Nearest Neighbor Classifiers With Improved Accuracy And Efficiency, Sinchan Bhattacharya

Electrical Engineering Theses - Archive

Nearest Neighbor algorithms are non-parametric algorithms that use distance measure techniques for classification and regressions. This thesis uses the method of pruning to improve accuracy and efficiency of a nearest neighbor classifier and also states the different stages the pruning algorithm can be applied and shows the best stage for pruning which gives the maximum accuracy. The performance of the classifier is shown to be better than other improved nearest neighbor classifiers. A fast method of finding the optimal k in a k-nearest neighbor classifier is proposed in the thesis. A method of optimizing the distance measure using a second …

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Analytical Technique To Evaluate Impact Of Mutual Coupling On Transmission Line Protection Schemes, Azade Brahman Dec 2017

Analytical Technique To Evaluate Impact Of Mutual Coupling On Transmission Line Protection Schemes, Azade Brahman

Electrical Engineering Theses - Archive

While there are numerous literatures that have addressed the impact of mutual coupling on the reliability and security of protection schemes and have provided possible mitigation solutions, there has not been adequate research and documentation presenting a comprehensive analytical approach to 1) estimate the magnitude of mutual coupling and 2) quantify the adverse impact of mutual coupling in real-life scenarios under several system faults across various types of protective elements. This should be considered as the first stage of any mutual coupling related study preceding the second stage in which the mitigation against mutual coupling is to be developed. The …

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Bit-Rate Reduction Using Superpixel For 360-Degree Videos - Vr Application, Swaroop Krishna Rao Dec 2017

Bit-Rate Reduction Using Superpixel For 360-Degree Videos - Vr Application, Swaroop Krishna Rao

Electrical Engineering Theses - Archive

Superpixels are applied on the side views of the 2D projected video. Then the video is partitioned into Coding Tree Units (CTUs). The CTUs and the superpixels positions will be compared within the frame of video. During comparison, the following cases will be considered: Case-1: If two or more CTUs are covered by the same superpixel, then the CTUs will be merged into one large coding tree unit. This merged CTU will be called as Intra CTU. Case-2: If one CTU is covered by two or more superpixels, then it will be referred to as Boundary CTU. After finding the …

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Implementation And Comparison Of Serial And Parallel Algorithms Of Sao In Hevc, Harsha Nagathihalli Jagadish Dec 2017

Implementation And Comparison Of Serial And Parallel Algorithms Of Sao In Hevc, Harsha Nagathihalli Jagadish

Electrical Engineering Theses - Archive

The High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) standard is the latest video coding project developed by the Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC) which involves the International Telecommunication Union (ITU-T) Video Coding Experts Group (VCEG) and the ISO/IEC Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) standardization organizations. HEVC also known as H.265 supports encoding videos with wide range of resolutions, starting from low resolution to beyond High Definition i.e. 4k or 8k. The HEVC standard is an optimization of the previous standard H.264/AVC (Advanced Video coding) which is a very well established and widely used standard in industry and finds its applications …

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Steerable Antenna Array For Uav Applications, Varsha Vijaykumar Dec 2017

Steerable Antenna Array For Uav Applications, Varsha Vijaykumar

Electrical Engineering Theses - Archive

An antenna array system design, demonstrating the possible application on an unmanned aerial vehicle platform using a full wave electromagnetic simulation software is presented. Linear array of patches in E plane and H plane are designed consisting of 4 elements with a beam steering ability of ±40 degree from the broadside direction with a peak gain of 12.23dB. Further an arrangement illustrating four such linear arrays, that can switch between each other to cover the entire azimuth scanning is shown. After a series of modified patch antenna designs with an attempt to increase the gain, an inset fed microstrip patch …

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Virtual Reality And Augmented Reality Applications, Tuan Ho Dec 2017

Virtual Reality And Augmented Reality Applications, Tuan Ho

Electrical Engineering Dissertations - Archive

Virtual Reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) are the emerging fields of research. VR enables the immersive, being-there feelings of the viewers in a recorded or virtual environment, while AR enhances the real-world perception with the aid of an electronic device. On the VR part, this thesis introduces the novel 360-degree video stitching algorithms for dual-fisheye lens cameras, which are compact and affordable. On the AR section, this work presents a new approach in compressing the 3-dimensional point cloud models that are used in free view-point sports and tele-immersive applications.

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Neuroadaptive Human-Machine Interfaces For Collaborative Robots, Sven Cremer Aug 2017

Neuroadaptive Human-Machine Interfaces For Collaborative Robots, Sven Cremer

Electrical Engineering Dissertations - Archive

With an increasing number of collaborative robots or “co-robots” entering human environments, there is a growing need for safe, intuitive, and efficient (physical) Human-Machine Interfaces. Unlike industrial robots, co-robots operate in cluttered and dynamic working spaces, where accidental collisions are more likely to occur. To minimize interaction forces, co-robots are usually lightweight and compliant. However, this makes the robot dynamics highly nonlinear and therefore difficult to model and control. In addition, the control loop must incorporate feedback from integrated sensors. Future systems under development are covered with force-sensing robot skin comprised of thousands of multi-modal sensors, creating the need for …

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Early Detection Of Metastatic Cancer Using Computational Analysis, Nuzhat Mansur Aug 2017

Early Detection Of Metastatic Cancer Using Computational Analysis, Nuzhat Mansur

Electrical Engineering Dissertations - Archive

Metastasis is the leading cause of cancer related deaths. Early detection of cancer cells can enable early disease diagnosis and stage specific therapeutics. Metastatic cancer cells have abnormal expression of certain proteins. One such protein is Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR). Anti-EGFR aptamers have emerged as more effective probe molecules for selectively binding with EGFR compared to antibodies. Capturing cancer cells with aptamer is an emerging and developing technique for cancer cell isolation. Nanotextured substrates inspired by naturally occurring basement membranes are promising platform for triggering unique cell behavior. Along with the biochemical and physical techniques to probe cancer cell …

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Multi-Source Uav-Based Object Classification Using Cnn’S And Data Acquisition System For Robotic Skin, Raghavendra Sriram Margasahayam Subrahamanyam Aug 2017

Multi-Source Uav-Based Object Classification Using Cnn’S And Data Acquisition System For Robotic Skin, Raghavendra Sriram Margasahayam Subrahamanyam

Electrical Engineering Dissertations - Archive

Autonomous robots are intelligent systems capable of performing tasks in the world by themselves, without explicit human control. Examples range from autonomous helicopters to Roomba, the robot vacuum cleaner to robotic manipulators. The numerous sensors onboard gather data related to the desired actions and this poses several challenges and design constraints in terms of computation and hardware design that can prove to be extremely difficult and expensive to avoid. The objective of this research is to study, develop and implement various Intelligent solutions to help solve several real-world problems with respect to multi agent configurations of unmanned systems. We shall …

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Formal Verification Of Dc Distribution Networks, Omar Ali Beg Aug 2017

Formal Verification Of Dc Distribution Networks, Omar Ali Beg

Electrical Engineering Dissertations - Archive

Power electronics-intensive DC distribution networks are emerging as popular alternative to their AC counterparts being more efficient and reliable power delivery platforms. With the recent evolution of control methodology from legacy centralized architecture to distributed control strategy employing communication networks, the DC distribution networks employing such software-based control schemes are evolving into cyber-physical systems. Since there is no central entity to monitor and assess the global cyber scenario, such cyber-physical systems are prone to adversary's cyber attacks. However, cyber attack detection in such cyber-physical DC power systems has not been systematically investigated yet. To fill the gap, this work successfully …

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Virtual Surveyor Based Object Extraction From Airborne Lidar Data, Md Ahsan Habib Aug 2017

Virtual Surveyor Based Object Extraction From Airborne Lidar Data, Md Ahsan Habib

Electrical Engineering Dissertations - Archive

Topographic feature detection of land cover from LiDAR data is important in various fields - city planning, disaster response and prevention, soil conservation, infrastructure or forestry. In recent years, feature classification, compliant with Object-Based Image Analysis (OBIA) methodology has been gaining traction in remote sensing and geographic information science (GIS). In OBIA, the LiDAR image is first divided into meaningful segments called object candidates. This results, in addition to spectral values, in a plethora of new information such as aggregated spectral pixel values, morphology, texture, context as well as topology. Traditional nonparametric segmentation methods rely on segmentations at different scales …

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A Supervised Approach For Training Gaussian Mixture Model Classifiers, Vineet Dilip Gundecha Aug 2017

A Supervised Approach For Training Gaussian Mixture Model Classifiers, Vineet Dilip Gundecha

Electrical Engineering Theses - Archive

A new method for training Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) classifiers is presented. First, an objective function is defined in terms of the number of clusters, K, per class, the mean vectors, the inverse covariance matrices for each class, and the prior probabilities for each class. For each increment in K, gradients of the objective function improve upon the prior probabilities, mean vectors, and inverse covariance matrices. Improvement in accuracy for different data-sets are shown and results are compared with the EM algorithm.

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Multi-Source Uav-Based Object Classification Using Cnn’S And Data Acquisition System For Robotic Skin, Raghavendra Sriram Margasahayam Subrahamanyam Aug 2017

Multi-Source Uav-Based Object Classification Using Cnn’S And Data Acquisition System For Robotic Skin, Raghavendra Sriram Margasahayam Subrahamanyam

Electrical Engineering Theses - Archive

Autonomous robots are intelligent systems capable of performing tasks in the world by themselves, without explicit human control. Examples range from autonomous helicopters to Roomba, the robot vacuum cleaner to robotic manipulators. The numerous sensors onboard gather data related to the desired actions and this poses several challenges and design constraints in terms of computation and hardware design that can prove to be extremely difficult and expensive to avoid. The objective of this research is to study, develop and implement various Intelligent solutions to help solve several real-world problems with respect to multi agent configurations of unmanned systems. We shall …

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Theory And Applications Of Absorbing Guided-Mode Resonant Devices In Sensing, Communications, And Display, Alexander Leighton Fannin Aug 2017

Theory And Applications Of Absorbing Guided-Mode Resonant Devices In Sensing, Communications, And Display, Alexander Leighton Fannin

Electrical Engineering Dissertations - Archive

Guided-mode resonant (GMR) technology is incorporated into lossy dielectric materials to assist in the absorption of incident light for various applications. Varying topologies and methodologies are explored. A series of devices taking advantage of narrow band, coherent interferometry is found to work as a serviceable coherent perfect absorber (CPA) whereby the total transmittance through the device is tunable based upon the relative phase of two or more beams. The differing beams are shown to be exciting the same mode in the device enabling the interferometric function. A similar, active topology for use in electronically interrogable interfacing is explored. Multiple hybrid …

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Adaptive Optimal Tracking Of Uncertain Discrete-Time Systems, Bahare Kiumarsi Khomartash Aug 2017

Adaptive Optimal Tracking Of Uncertain Discrete-Time Systems, Bahare Kiumarsi Khomartash

Electrical Engineering Dissertations - Archive

Optimal feedback control design has been responsible for much of the successful performance of engineered systems in aerospace, manufacturing, industrial processes, vehicles, ships, robotics, and elsewhere. Although most control design methods concern only about the stability of the controlled systems, the stability is a bare minimum requirement and it is desired to design a controller by optimizing some predefined performance criteria. However, the classical optimal control methods rely on offline solutions to complicated Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman (HJB) equations which require complete knowledge about the system dynamics. Therefore, they are not able to cope with uncertainties and changes in dynamics. This research presents …

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On Feature Extraction From Large Scale Linear Lidar Data, Partha Pratim Acharjee Aug 2017

On Feature Extraction From Large Scale Linear Lidar Data, Partha Pratim Acharjee

Electrical Engineering Dissertations - Archive

Airborne light detection and ranging (LiDAR) can generate co-registered elevation and intensity map over large terrain. The co-registered 3D map and intensity information can be used efficiently for different feature extraction application. In this dissertation, we developed two algorithms for feature extraction, and usages of features for practical applications. One of the developed algorithms can map still and flowing waterbody features, and another one can extract building feature and estimate solar potential on rooftops and facades. Remote sensing capabilities, distinguishing characteristics of laser returns from water surface and specific data collection procedures provide LiDAR data an edge in this application …

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Communication-Cognizant Control Of Microgrids, Fnu Shankar Abhinav Aug 2017

Communication-Cognizant Control Of Microgrids, Fnu Shankar Abhinav

Electrical Engineering Dissertations - Archive

The increased integration of power electronic devices, advanced software-based controllers, and communication networks has transformed the microgrid from a simple physical system into a cyber-physical system. In this work, advanced distributed control algorithms and communication network are leveraged to provide a robust control structure for AC and DC microgrids. Introduction of distributed control and communication networks in microgrids presents its own unique challenges, which has not been considered in existing literature. A noise-resilient distributed controller is proposed for synchronization of frequency and voltage in AC microgrids. Synchronization in AC microgrids is cast as an optimization problem, and solved using Alternating …

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Reconfigurable All-Optical De-Multiplexing Via Spatial-Selective Frequency-Up-Conversion In Kai(2) Multimode Waveguide, Young Bong Kwon May 2017

Reconfigurable All-Optical De-Multiplexing Via Spatial-Selective Frequency-Up-Conversion In Kai(2) Multimode Waveguide, Young Bong Kwon

Electrical Engineering Dissertations - Archive

We investigate spatial-mode-selective frequency up-converters in ?(2) multimode waveguides for classical and quantum communication. For the classical application, our method works as spatial-mode de-multiplexer for mode-division-multiplexing (MDM) communication system. For the quantum application, mode-selective quantum frequency conversion (QFC) enables multidimensional quantum encoding (qudits rather than qubits) which could eventually contribute to higher capacity of quantum communication links (higher QKD rates). First, we numerically investigate mode-selective up-conversion in a slab waveguide (2D free space) and periodically-polled KTP (PPKTP) waveguide. A 2D slab waveguide model is proposed based on non-collinear sum frequency generation (SFG). This model enables the calculation of conversion efficiencies …

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