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Articles 61 - 90 of 919
Full-Text Articles in Electrical and Computer Engineering
Space-Time Photonics, Abbas Shiri
Space-Time Photonics, Abbas Shiri
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
Many of the features of photonic devices, including some of the most ubiquitous components such as resonators and waveguides, are usually thought to be intrinsically dependent on their geometry and constitutive materials. As such, the behaviour of an optical field interacting with such devices is dictated by the boundary conditions imposed upon the field. For instance, the resonant wavelengths and linewidths of a planar cavity are expected to be set by the mirrors' reflectivity, cavity length, and refractive index. Henceforth, satisfying a longitudinal phase-matching condition allows for incident light to resonate with the cavity. As another example, consider the planar …
Hydrogen And Peer-To-Peer Energy Exchanges For Deep Decarbonization Of Power Systems, Hamed Haggi
Hydrogen And Peer-To-Peer Energy Exchanges For Deep Decarbonization Of Power Systems, Hamed Haggi
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
Decreasing costs of renewable energy resources and net-zero emission energy production policy, set by U.S. government, are two preeminent factors that motivate power utilities to deploy more system- or consumer-centric distributed energy resources (DERs) to decarbonize electricity production. Since, deep energy decarbonization cannot be achieved without high penetration of renewable energy sources, utilities should develop and invest in new business models for power system operation and planning during the energy transition. Considering the pathways to deeply decarbonize power systems, first, this dissertation proposes a novel hierarchical peer-to-peer (P2P) energy market design in active distribution networks. The framework integrates the distributional …
Light Trapping Transparent Electrodes, Mengdi Sun
Light Trapping Transparent Electrodes, Mengdi Sun
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
Transparent electrodes represent a critical component in a wide range of optoelectronic devices such as high-speed photodetectors and solar cells. Fundamentally, the presence of any conductive structures in the optical path leads to dissipation and reflection, which adversely affects device performance. Many different approaches have been attempted to minimize such shadowing losses, including the use of transparent conductive oxides (TCOs), metallic nanowire mesh grids, graphene-based contacts, and high-aspect ratio metallic wire arrays. In this dissertation I discuss a conceptually different approach to achieve transparent electrodes, which involves recapturing photons initially reflected by highly conductive electrode lines. To achieve this, light-redirecting …
A Measurement System For Detection Of Intestinal Motility In Neonates By Monitoring Slow Wave Activity, Garett Goodale
A Measurement System For Detection Of Intestinal Motility In Neonates By Monitoring Slow Wave Activity, Garett Goodale
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
Similar to how electrocardiographic waves are the pace making signals of the heart, slow waves are the pace making signals of the intestines. Slow waves are electrical signals in the intestines that determine the speed at which food can move through the intestine ensuring proper digestion and uptake of nutrients. It has been shown that slow waves can be measured in adults using non-invasive, surface electrodes. However, no study has investigated the measurements of slow waves in neonates, specifically pre-term neonates. Around 7% of pre-term neonates suffer from necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) which is a condition that causes damage to the …
The Proof Of Concept Of The Hurricane Imaging Radiometer: Hurricane Wind Speed And Rain Rate Retrievals, Jonathan Coto
The Proof Of Concept Of The Hurricane Imaging Radiometer: Hurricane Wind Speed And Rain Rate Retrievals, Jonathan Coto
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
This dissertation presents the proof of concept for the Hurricane Imaging Radiometer (HIRAD), where remote sensing retrievals of the 2-dimensional wind and rain fields for several hurricanes are validated with independent measurements. A significant contribution of this dissertation is the development of a novel statistical calibration technique, whereby the HIRAD instrument is radiometrically calibrated, using modeled brightness temperatures (Tb) generated using a priori hurricane wind and rain fields that are statistically representative of the actual hurricane conditions at the time of the HIRAD brightness temperature measurements. For this calibration technique, the probability distribution function of the measured HIRAD Tb's is …
Search Space Reduction Techniques For Solution Of Combinatorial Optimization Problems In Power System., Ranadhir Sarkar
Search Space Reduction Techniques For Solution Of Combinatorial Optimization Problems In Power System., Ranadhir Sarkar
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
Power system is vulnerable to disastrous climate events due to sequential or successive equipment failure. In this dissertation, the problem of identifying the critical k-transmission lines that fail one after another in quick succession, and the distribution system restoration problem using tie-lines/sectionalizing switches formulated as a mixed-integer non-linear programming problem (MINLP) that determines load shed under various k-line removal scenarios are solved. These problems are combinatorial that have huge search space, and solution through enumeration is intractable for large power systems. For reduction of search space, the following mathematical tools are derived, (i) two power flow methods due to k-transmission …
Distributed And Optimal State Estimation For Heterogeneous Dynamic Systems Operating Within A Strongly Connected Network, Matthew Howard
Distributed And Optimal State Estimation For Heterogeneous Dynamic Systems Operating Within A Strongly Connected Network, Matthew Howard
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
This dissertation is aimed at developing optimal and distributed state estimation algorithms for a team of cooperating nodes with the goal of improving accuracy through local sharing of relevant information. The nodes are assumed to be individually equipped with heterogeneous sensors for measuring a common target which can be dynamic and time-varying. Additionally, the nodes are assumed to be connected through a dynamically changing communication network modeled as a sequence of strongly connected digraphs allowing for local communication and distributed interactions. Using the data sharing afforded by the communication network, a weighted average state estimate consensus can be found across …
Design Of Miniaturized Antipodal Vivaldi Antennas And A Microwave Head Imaging System For The Detection Of Blood Clots In The Brain, Farhana Parveen
Design Of Miniaturized Antipodal Vivaldi Antennas And A Microwave Head Imaging System For The Detection Of Blood Clots In The Brain, Farhana Parveen
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
Traditional brain imaging modalities, for example, MRI, CT scan, X-ray, etc. can provide precise and high-resolution images of the brain for diagnosing lesions, tumors or clots inside the brain. However, these modalities require bulky and expensive test setups accessible only at specialized diagnostic centers, and hence may not be suitable or affordable to many patients. Furthermore, the inherent health risks limit the usability of these modalities for frequent monitoring. Microwave imaging is deemed a promising alternative due to its being cost-effective, portable, non-ionizing, non-intrusive. Therefore, this work aims to design an effective microwave head imaging system for the detection of …
Study Of Mos2/High-K Interface And Implementation Of Mos2 Based Memristor For Neuromorphic Computing Applications, Durjoy Dev
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
The scientific world is witnessing an unprecedented triumph of artificial neural network (ANN)- a computing system inspired by the biological neural network. With the enthralling quest for Internet of Everything (IoE), it is expected to have an unparalleled dominance of ANN in our day-to-day life. In recent times, memristor has come as an emerging candidate to realize ANN through emulating biological synapse and neuron behavior. Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), one well-known two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), has drawn interest for high speed, flexible, low power electronic devices since it has a tunable bandgap, reasonable carrier mobility, high Young's modulus, and …
Spectral Dependence Of Deep Subwavelength Metallic Apertures In The Mid-Wave Infrared, Heath Gemar
Spectral Dependence Of Deep Subwavelength Metallic Apertures In The Mid-Wave Infrared, Heath Gemar
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
For two decades, extraordinary optical transmission (EOT) has amplified exploration into subwavelength systems. Researchers have previously suggested exploiting the spectrally selective electromagnetic field confinement of subwavelength cavities for multispectral detectors. Utilizing the finite-difference frequency domain (FDFD) method, we examine electromagnetic field confinement in both 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional scenarios from 2.5 to 6 microns (i.e., mid-wave infrared or MWIR). We explore the trade space of deep subwavelength cavities and its impact on resonant enhancement of the electromagnetic field. The studies provide fundamental understanding of the coupling mechanisms allowing for prediction of resonant spectral behavior based on cavity geometry and material properties. …
Acoustoelectric Amplification In Piezoelectric-Silicon Micromachined Lamb Wave Devices, Hakhamanesh Mansoorzare
Acoustoelectric Amplification In Piezoelectric-Silicon Micromachined Lamb Wave Devices, Hakhamanesh Mansoorzare
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
In this dissertation, heterostructured micro-acoustic devices are explored that leverage the interactions between acoustic phonons and electrons to enable radio frequency (RF) signal amplification or attenuation. Thin films of piezoelectric and semiconductor material are tailored into a heterostructure that allows for a strong acoustoelectric (AE) effect due to the combination of high electromechanical coupling and high electron drift velocity in said films respectively. In such devices, the relative electron drift and acoustic velocities could determine whether the RF signal undergoes AE gain or loss, rendering the device non-reciprocal. This is a highly sought-after property for building isolators and circulators which …
Directional Spectral Solar Energy For Building Performance: From Simulation To Cyber-Physical Prototype, Joseph Del Rocco
Directional Spectral Solar Energy For Building Performance: From Simulation To Cyber-Physical Prototype, Joseph Del Rocco
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
The original research and development in this dissertation contributes to the field of building performance by actively harnessing a wider spectrum of directional solar radiation for use in buildings. Solar radiation (energy) is often grouped by wavelength measurement into the spectra ultraviolet (UV), visible (light), and short and long-wave infrared (heat) on the electromagnetic spectrum. While some of this energy is directly absorbed or deflected by our atmosphere, most of it passes through, scatters about, and collides with our planet. Modern building performance simulations, tools, and control systems often oversimplify this energy into scalar values for light and heat, when …
Human-Machine Communication: Complete Volume. Volume 3. Diffusion Of Human-Machine Communication During And After The Covid-19 Pandemic
Human-Machine Communication
This is the complete volume of HMC Volume 3. Diffusion of Human-Machine Communication During and After the COVID-19 Pandemic
What Will Affect The Diffusion Of Ai Agents?, James W. Dearing
What Will Affect The Diffusion Of Ai Agents?, James W. Dearing
Human-Machine Communication
For billions of people, the threat of the Novel Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 and its variants has precipitated the adoption of new behaviors. Pandemics are radical events that disrupt the gradual course of societal change, offering the possibility that some rapidly adopted innovations will persist in use past the time period of the event and, thus, diffuse more rapidly than in the absence of such an event. Human-machine communication includes a range of technologies with which many of us have quickly become more familiar due to stay-athome orders, distancing, workplace closures, remote instruction, home-bound entertainment, fear of contracting COVID-19, and boredom. In …
The Role Of Vidura Chatbot In The Diffusion Of Knowcovid-19 Gateway, Kerk F. Kee, Prasad P. Calyam, Hariharan Regunath
The Role Of Vidura Chatbot In The Diffusion Of Knowcovid-19 Gateway, Kerk F. Kee, Prasad P. Calyam, Hariharan Regunath
Human-Machine Communication
The COVID-19 pandemic is an unprecedented global emergency. Clinicians and medical researchers are suddenly thrown into a situation where they need to keep up with the latest and best evidence for decision-making at work in order to save lives and develop solutions for COVID-19 treatments and preventions. However, a challenge is the overwhelming numbers of online publications with a wide range of quality. We explain a science gateway platform designed to help users to filter the overwhelming amount of literature efficiently (with speed) and effectively (with quality), to find answers to their scientific questions. It is equipped with a chatbot …
Communicative Development And Diffusion Of Humanoid Ai Robots For The Post-Pandemic Health Care System, Do Kyun David Kim, Gary Kreps, Rukhsana Ahmed
Communicative Development And Diffusion Of Humanoid Ai Robots For The Post-Pandemic Health Care System, Do Kyun David Kim, Gary Kreps, Rukhsana Ahmed
Human-Machine Communication
As humanoid robot technology, anthropomorphized by artificial intelligence (AI), has rapidly advanced to introduce more human-resembling automated robots that can communicate, interact, and work like humans, we have begun to expect active interactions with Humanoid AI Robots (HAIRs) in the near future. Coupled with the HAIR technology development, the COVID-19 pandemic triggered our interest in using health care robots with many substantial advantages that overcome critical human vulnerabilities against the strong infectious COVID-19 virus. Recognizing the tremendous potential for the active application of HAIRs, this article explores feasible ways to implement HAIRs in health care and patient services and suggests …
Our Future Arrived: Diffusion Of Human-Machine Communication And Transformation Of The World For The Post-Pandemic Era, Do Kyun David Kim, Gary Kreps, Rukhsana Ahmed
Our Future Arrived: Diffusion Of Human-Machine Communication And Transformation Of The World For The Post-Pandemic Era, Do Kyun David Kim, Gary Kreps, Rukhsana Ahmed
Human-Machine Communication
The world is getting into a new phase in history. For the first time, humans are verbally communicating and developing meaningful relationships with non-living objects. AI is a wormhole to open a gateway to the new world, and the COVID-19 pandemic prepared the world to transform its system to be an open system that responds to, communicates with, and utilizes the remnants coming out of the wormhole of the new world. Now, we urgently need to create a holistic discourse on how we can recognize, develop, or shape the identities of communicable machines as people develop a partnership with them. …
Development Of Rf-Mems Based Passive Wireless Respiratory Monitoring Systems, Sina Moradian
Development Of Rf-Mems Based Passive Wireless Respiratory Monitoring Systems, Sina Moradian
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
This dissertation explores the application of high frequency, low loss, high quality factor thin-film piezoelectric MEMS resonators as passive wireless respiratory monitoring sensors. In this work we build on advances in RF MEMS technology and wearables to develop a respiratory monitoring system capable of measuring respiration without any on-board circuitry and battery First, a wireless MEMS-based respiration sensor that operates without a battery or any on-board circuitry is presented. The sensing system is made up two major components, the wireless sensor and a base transceiver and computational unit. The sensor is only made of up of two RF-MEMS resonators and …
Robust And Scalable Data Representation And Analysis Leveraging Isometric Transformations And Sparsity, Alireza Zaeemzadeh
Robust And Scalable Data Representation And Analysis Leveraging Isometric Transformations And Sparsity, Alireza Zaeemzadeh
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
The main focus of this doctoral thesis is to study the problem of robust and scalable data representation and analysis. The success of any machine learning and signal processing framework relies on how the data is represented and analyzed. Thus, in this work, we focus on three closely related problems: (i) supervised representation learning, (ii) unsupervised representation learning, and (iii) fault tolerant data analysis. For the first task, we put forward new theoretical results on why a certain family of neural networks can become extremely deep and how we can improve this scalability property in a mathematically sound manner. We …
Novel Liquid Crystal Photonic Devices Enabled By Liquid Crystal Alignment Engineering, Ziqian He
Novel Liquid Crystal Photonic Devices Enabled By Liquid Crystal Alignment Engineering, Ziqian He
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
Liquid crystals (LCs) are self-assembled soft materials composed of certain anisotropic molecules with orientational orders. Their widespread applications include information displays and photonic devices, such as spatial light modulators for laser beam steering and tunable-focus lens, where achieving desired LC alignment is pivotal. In general, LC alignment is influenced by several factors, including chemical bonding, dipolar interactions, van der Waals interactions, surface topographies, and steric factors. Here, we focus on three alignment techniques for aligning rod-like LC molecules and highlights the photonic devices enabled by these techniques: 1) Two-photon polymerization direct-laser writing-induced alignment, 2) Weigert effect-based reversible photoalignment, and 3) …
Fabrication Of High-Frequency Piezoelectric Resonant Micro-Accelerometers Based On Capacitive Loading Effect, Ankesh Todi
Fabrication Of High-Frequency Piezoelectric Resonant Micro-Accelerometers Based On Capacitive Loading Effect, Ankesh Todi
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
In this thesis, a high-frequency resonant accelerometer is presented. This novel sensor was designed to operate in 10's of MHz frequency range utilizing an out-of-plane capacitive mechanism for acceleration sensing. The sensor is comprised of a 2-port RF MEMS piezoelectric resonator, operating at 27MHz, and a Capacitive Mass-spring structure. One of the resonator ports is electrically connected to the variable capacitor in the mass-spring structure. The acceleration is measured utilizing a piezoelectric stiffening mechanism, where a change in the termination impedance of a piezoelectric resonant body would result in a shift in the resonance frequency of the resonator. The acceleration …
Parameter Calibration And Optimization In Smart Grid For Synchronous Generators And Converters, Seyyed Rashid Khazeiynasab
Parameter Calibration And Optimization In Smart Grid For Synchronous Generators And Converters, Seyyed Rashid Khazeiynasab
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
In power systems, monitoring, protection, and control are usually model based; an accurate dynamic model for either synchronous generators or power electronic converters is essential. Besides, renewable energies, smart loads, energy storage, and new market behavior add new sources of uncertainty to power systems. Therefore, planning in real-time and developing high-quality models is crucial to adapt to uncertainties. In this thesis, we propose a framework for validating and calibrating power system models using novel methods. At the first step, we developed the nonlinear sensitivity-based method to find the critical parameters. Then, we propose an Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC) based method …
Ultraviolet Solar Blind Ga2o3-Based Photodetectors, Isa Hatipoglu
Ultraviolet Solar Blind Ga2o3-Based Photodetectors, Isa Hatipoglu
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
Detection within the deep ultraviolet (DUV) region (˜200-280 nm) offers unique fundamental advantages to probe certain optical traces. Therefore, many applications have emerged including flame and missile detection, and non-line of sight and space-to-space communication. Ga2O3 has become a natural choice for DUV detection owing to its intrinsic ultra-wide optical bandgap (˜4.85 eV), extrinsic n-type dopability, and excellent chemical and physical stability. However, Ga2O3 has no viable p-type doping to date, and fabricated photodetectors show only partial coverage of the entire solar-blind region (˜200-245nm). Furthermore, there is a limited understanding of how various growth parameters for ß-Ga2O3 and its alloys …
Data-Driven Analysis For Integrated Transmission And Distribution Systems With High Penetration Of Distributed Energy Resources, Inalvis Alvarez-Fernandez
Data-Driven Analysis For Integrated Transmission And Distribution Systems With High Penetration Of Distributed Energy Resources, Inalvis Alvarez-Fernandez
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
With the high penetration of inverter-based distributed energy resources (DERs), network situational awareness is a challenge for both transmission and distribution (T&D) system operators and planners. It is becoming increasingly important to equip transmission planners with the visibility of DER dynamic performance in distribution systems. Not having visibility of the disconnection of DERs with the occurrence of transmission events, could result in an erroneous view of the stability of bulk power system. The aggregated distributed energy resource (DER_A) model is able to model the aggregated dynamic response of inverter-based DERs in distribution circuits. The parameterization of DER_A model requires extensive …
Characterization Of Hydrogenated Boron Carbide And Boron Carbon Nitride Thin Films And Applications, Shraddha Dhanraj Nehate
Characterization Of Hydrogenated Boron Carbide And Boron Carbon Nitride Thin Films And Applications, Shraddha Dhanraj Nehate
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
Dimension scaling has been the driving force for improved performance of semiconductor integrated circuits (ICs) for the past few decades. While the semiconductor industry continues to achieve returns on Moore's law, the resistance-capacitance (RC) delay remains a critical bottleneck towards further performance improvement. To support advanced computing performance, the development and integration of new low dielectric (low-k) materials to reduce the capacitance of interconnects are crucial. Apart from the low dielectric constant value, one of the other vital parameters to replace the current dielectric material is mechanical stability. Materials in the boron, carbon, and nitrogen ternary triangle have emerged promising …
Atomically Thin Platinum-Based Dichalcogenide Materials For Multifunctional Photo-Sensitive Applications, Mashiyat Sumaiya Shawkat
Atomically Thin Platinum-Based Dichalcogenide Materials For Multifunctional Photo-Sensitive Applications, Mashiyat Sumaiya Shawkat
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are a distinct class of atomically thin materials assembled by weak van der Waals bonding. They exhibit 2D layer number-dependent bandgap tunability promising exciting applications in electronics and optoelectronics. Among them, there is a surge of interest in Platinum-based dichalcogenides (e.g., PtSe2 and PtTe2). 2D PtSe2 has a theoretically predicted carrier mobility of > 1000 cm2/(Vs), at room temperature, which is higher than that of most 2D TMDs. Additionally, 2D PtSe2 exhibits a semiconducting to metallic transition with an increasing number of layers. 2D PtTe2 is highly metallic in its few- layer form and exhibits …
Representative-Based Big Data Processing In Communications And Machine Learning, Mohsen Joneidi
Representative-Based Big Data Processing In Communications And Machine Learning, Mohsen Joneidi
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
The present doctoral dissertation focuses on representative-based processing proper for a big set of high-dimensional data. Compression and subset selection are considered as two main effective methods for representing a big set of data by a much smaller set of variables. Compressive sensing, matrix singular value decomposition, and tensor decomposition are employed as powerful mathematical tools to analyze the original data in terms of their representatives. Spectrum sensing is an important application of the developed theoretical analysis. In a cognitive radio network (CRN), primary users (PUs) coexist with secondary users (SUs). However, the secondary network aims to characterize PUs in …
Multi-Functional Fluorescence Microscopy Via Psf Engineering For High-Throughput Super-Resolution Imaging, Jinhan Ren
Multi-Functional Fluorescence Microscopy Via Psf Engineering For High-Throughput Super-Resolution Imaging, Jinhan Ren
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
Image-based single cell analysis is essential to study gene expression levels and subcellular functions with preserving the native spatial locations of biomolecules. However, its low throughput has prevented its wide use to fundamental biology and biomedical applications which require large cellular populations in a rapid and efficient fashion. Here, we report a 2.5D microcopy (2.5DM) that significantly improves the image acquisition rate while maintaining high-resolution and single molecule sensitivity. Unlike serial z-scanning in conventional approaches, volumetric information is simultaneously projected onto a 2D image plane in a single shot by engineering the fluorescence light using a novel phase pattern. The …
Development Of Quantitative Intensity-Based Single-Molecule Assays, Benjamin Croop
Development Of Quantitative Intensity-Based Single-Molecule Assays, Benjamin Croop
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
Fluorescence microscopy has emerged as a popular and powerful tool within biology research, owing to its exceptional signal contrast, specificity, and the versatility of the various microscope designs. Fluorescence microscopy has been used to study samples across orders of magnitude in physical scale ranging from tissues to cells, down to single-molecules, and as such has led to breakthroughs and new knowledge in a wide variety of research areas. In particular, single-molecule techniques are somewhat unique in their ability to study biomolecules in their native state, which enables the visualization of short-lived interactions and rare events which can be highly relevant …
Directional Link Management Using In-Band Full-Duplex Free Space Optical Transceivers For Aerial Nodes, A F M Saniul Haq
Directional Link Management Using In-Band Full-Duplex Free Space Optical Transceivers For Aerial Nodes, A F M Saniul Haq
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
Free-space optical (FSO) communication has become very popular for wireless applications to complement and, in some cases, replace legacy radio-frequency for advantages like unlicensed band, spatial reuse, and enhanced security. Even though FSO can achieve very high bit-rate (tens of Gbps), range limitation due to high attenuation and weather dependency has always restricted its practical implementation to indoor application like data centers and outdoor application like Project Loon. Building-to-building communication, smart cars, and airborne drones are potential futuristic wireless communication sectors for mobile ad-hoc FSO networking. Increasing social media usage demands high-speed mobile connectivity for applications like video call and …