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Articles 601 - 630 of 728
Full-Text Articles in Computer Engineering
Distributed Fault-Tolerant Quality Of Service Routing In Hybrid Directional Wireless Networks, Larry C. Llewellyn Ii
Distributed Fault-Tolerant Quality Of Service Routing In Hybrid Directional Wireless Networks, Larry C. Llewellyn Ii
Theses and Dissertations
This thesis presents a distributed fault-tolerant routing protocol (EFDCB) for QoS supporting hybrid mobile ad hoc networks with the aim of mitigating QoS disruption time when network failures occur. The experimental design presented in this thesis describes 22 experiments aimed at illustrating EFDCB's ability to handle fault-tolerance. The interpreted results show that EFDCB excels over a global rerouting protocol at this challenge which is the goal of this work.
Effective Mobile Routing Through Dynamic Addressing, Heungsoon Park
Effective Mobile Routing Through Dynamic Addressing, Heungsoon Park
Theses and Dissertations
Military communications has always been an important factor in military victory and will surely play an important part in future combat. In modern warfare, military units are usually deployed without existing network infrastructure. The IP routing protocol, designed for hierarchical networks cannot easily be applied in military networks due to the dynamic topology expected in military environments. Mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs) represent an appropriate network for small military networks. But, most ad-hoc routing protocols suffer from the problem of scalability for large networks. Hierarchical routing schemes based on the IP address structure are more scalable than ad-hoc routing but are …
On-Demand Key Distribution For Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks, Daniel F. Graham
On-Demand Key Distribution For Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks, Daniel F. Graham
Theses and Dissertations
Mobile ad-hoc networks offer dynamic portable communication with little or no infrastructure. While this has many benefits, there are additional shortcomings specific to wireless communication that must be addressed. This research proposes gossip-based on-demand key distribution as a means to provide data encryption for mobile ad-hoc networks. This technique uses message keys to avoid encrypting and decrypting a message at every node. Other optimizations used include secure channel caching and joint rekey messages. The use of gossip makes the scheme robust to node failure. Experimental results show only a 15% increase in end-to-end delay with a node failure rate of …
Overcoming Tcp Degradation In The Presence Of Multiple Intermittent Link Failures Utilizing Intermediate Buffering, Duane F. Harmon
Overcoming Tcp Degradation In The Presence Of Multiple Intermittent Link Failures Utilizing Intermediate Buffering, Duane F. Harmon
Theses and Dissertations
It is well documented that assumptions made in the popular Transmission Control Protocol's (TCP) development, while essential in the highly reliable wired environment, are incompatible with today's wireless network realities in what we refer to as a challenged environment. Challenged environments severely degrade the capability of TCP to establish and maintain a communication connection with reasonable throughput. This thesis proposes and implements an intermediate buffering scheme, implemented at the transport layer, which serves as a TCP helper protocol for use in network routing equipment to overcome short and bursty, but regular, link failures. Moreover, the implementation requires no modifications to …
Hardware Realization Of A Transform Domain Communication System, Marshall E. Haker
Hardware Realization Of A Transform Domain Communication System, Marshall E. Haker
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this research was to implement a Transform Domain Communication System (TDCS) in hardware and compare experimental bit error performance with results published in literature. The intent is to demonstrate the effectiveness or ineffectiveness of a TDCS in communicating binary data across a real channel. In this case, an acoustic channel that is laden with narrowband interference was considered. A TDCS user pair was constructed to validate the proposed design using Matlab™ to control a PC sound card. The proposed TDCS design used the Bartlett method of spectrum estimation, the spectral notching algorithm found in TDCS literature, quadrature …
Performance Evaluation Of Ad Hoc Routing In A Swarm Of Autonomous Aerial Vehicles, Matthew T. Hyland
Performance Evaluation Of Ad Hoc Routing In A Swarm Of Autonomous Aerial Vehicles, Matthew T. Hyland
Theses and Dissertations
This thesis investigates the performance of three mobile ad hoc routing protocols in the context of a swarm of autonomous unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). It is proposed that a wireless network of nodes having an average of 5.1774 log n neighbors, where n is the total number of nodes in the network, has a high probability of having no partitions. By decreasing transmission range while ensuring network connectivity, and implementing multi-hop routing between nodes, spatial multiplexing is exploited whereby multiple pairs of nodes simultaneously transmit on the same channel. The proposal is evaluated using the Greedy Perimeter Stateless Routing (GPSR), …
Analysis Of Routing Worm Infection Rates On An Ipv4 Network, James Gorsuch
Analysis Of Routing Worm Infection Rates On An Ipv4 Network, James Gorsuch
Theses and Dissertations
Malicious logic, specifically worms, has caused monetary expenditure problems to network users in the past. Worms, like Slammer and Code Red, have infected thousands of systems and brought the Internet to a standstill. This research examines the ability of the original Slammer worm, the Slammer based routing worm proposed by Zou et al, and a new Single Slash Eight (SSE) routing worm proposed by this research to infect vulnerable systems within a given address space. This research investigates the Slammer worm's ability to generate a uniform random IP addresses in a given address space. Finally, a comparison of the speed …
Load Distribution And Channel Assignment In Ieee 802.11 Wireless Local Area Networks, Mohamad Haidar
Load Distribution And Channel Assignment In Ieee 802.11 Wireless Local Area Networks, Mohamad Haidar
Theses and Dissertations
Recent growth in Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) deployment has generated considerable interest in load management and channel assignment among network designers. WLAN has become a major component of the modern telecommunication infrastructure. Load management and Channel assignment are among the critical aspects that face WLAN deployments. Well planned WLAN service environments require a network designed to provide not only radio coverage but also better load distribution and less interference across the service area, which in turn improves the Quality of Service (QoS). In this dissertation, a novel approach to the WLAN load distribution and channel assignment is proposed that …
Fault And Defect Tolerant Computer Architectures: Reliable Computing With Unreliable Devices, George R. Roelke Iv
Fault And Defect Tolerant Computer Architectures: Reliable Computing With Unreliable Devices, George R. Roelke Iv
Theses and Dissertations
This research addresses design of a reliable computer from unreliable device technologies. A system architecture is developed for a "fault and defect tolerant" (FDT) computer. Trade-offs between different techniques are studied and yield and hardware cost models are developed. Fault and defect tolerant designs are created for the processor and the cache memory. Simulation results for the content-addressable memory (CAM)-based cache show 90% yield with device failure probabilities of 3 x 10(-6), three orders of magnitude better than non fault tolerant caches of the same size. The entire processor achieves 70% yield with device failure probabilities exceeding 10(-6). The required …
Evaluation Of Energy Costs And Error Performance Of Range-Aware Anchor-Free Localization Algorithms For Wireless Sensor Networks, Gustav Julio Jordt
Evaluation Of Energy Costs And Error Performance Of Range-Aware Anchor-Free Localization Algorithms For Wireless Sensor Networks, Gustav Julio Jordt
Theses and Dissertations
This research examines energy and error tradeoffs in Anchor-Free Range-Aware Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) Localization algorithms. A concurrent and an incremental algorithm (Anchor Free Localization (AFL) and Map Growing) are examined under varying network sizes, densities, deployments, and range errors. Despite current expectations, even the most expensive configurations do not expend significant battery life (at most 0.4%), implying little energy can be conserved during localization. Due to refinement, AFL is twice as accurate, using 6 times the communication. For both, node degree affects communication most. As degree increases, Map Growing communication increases, while AFL transmissions drop. Nodes with more neighbors …
An Adaptable Energy-Efficient Medium Access Control Protocol For Wireless Sensor Networks, Justin T. Kautz
An Adaptable Energy-Efficient Medium Access Control Protocol For Wireless Sensor Networks, Justin T. Kautz
Theses and Dissertations
Wireless networks have become ubiquitous recently and therefore their usefulness has also become more extensive. Wireless sensor networks (WSN) detect environmental information with sensors in remote settings. One problem facing WSNs is the inability to resupply power to these energy-constrained devices due to their remoteness. Therefore to extend a WSN's effectiveness, the lifetime of the network must be increased by making them as energy efficient as possible. An energy efficient medium access control (MAC) can boost a WSN's lifetime. This research creates a MAC protocol called Adaptive sensor Medium Access Control (AMAC) which is based on Sensor Medium Access Control …
Evaluation Of A Field Programmable Gate Array Circuit Reconfiguration System, Jason L. Ives
Evaluation Of A Field Programmable Gate Array Circuit Reconfiguration System, Jason L. Ives
Theses and Dissertations
This research implements a circuit reconfiguration system (CRS) to reconfigure a field programmable gate array (FPGA) in response to a faulty configurable logic block (CLB). It is assumed that the location of the fault is known and the CLB is moved according to one of four replacement methods: column left, column right, row up, and row down. Partial reconfiguration of the FPGA is done through the Joint Test Action Group (JTAG) port to produce the desired logic block movement. The time required to accomplish the reconfiguration is measured for each method in both clear and congested areas of the FPGA. …
Supplementing An Ad-Hoc Wireless Network Routing Protocol With Radio Frequency Identification (Rfid) Tags, Leroy S. Willemsen
Supplementing An Ad-Hoc Wireless Network Routing Protocol With Radio Frequency Identification (Rfid) Tags, Leroy S. Willemsen
Theses and Dissertations
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have a broad and varied range of applications, yet all of these are limited by the resources available to the sensor nodes that make up the WSN. The most significant resource is energy. A WSN may be deployed to an inhospitable or unreachable area, leaving it with a non-replenishable power source. This research examines a way of reducing energy consumption by augmenting the nodes with radio frequency identification (RFID) tags that contain routing information. It was expected that RFID tags would reduce the network throughput, the ad hoc on-demand distance vector (AODV) routing traffic sent, and …
Power-Scavenging Mems Robots, Daniel J. Denninghoff
Power-Scavenging Mems Robots, Daniel J. Denninghoff
Theses and Dissertations
This thesis includes the design, modeling, and testing of novel, power-scavenging, biologically inspired MEMS microrobots. Over one hundred 500-μm and 990-μm microrobots with two, four, and eight wings were designed, fabricated, characterized. These microrobots constitute the smallest documented attempt at powered flight. Each microrobot wing is comprised of downward-deflecting, laser-powered thermal actuators made of gold and polysilicon; the microrobots were fabricated in PolyMUMPs® (Polysilicon Multi-User MEMS Processes). Characterization results of the microrobots illustrate how wing-tip deflection can be maximized by optimizing the gold-topolysilicon ratio as well as the dimensions of the actuator-wings. From these results, an optimum actuator-wing configuration was …
Characterization And Design Of High-Level Vhdl I/Q Frequency Downconverter Via Special Sampling Scheme, Jesse P. Somann
Characterization And Design Of High-Level Vhdl I/Q Frequency Downconverter Via Special Sampling Scheme, Jesse P. Somann
Theses and Dissertations
This study explores the characterization and implementation of a Special Sampling Scheme (SSS) for In-Phase and Quad-Phase (I/Q) down conversion utilizing top-level, portable design strategies. The SSS is an under-developed signal sampling methodology that can be used with military and industry receiver systems, specifically, United States Air Force (USAF) video receiver systems. The SSS processes a digital input signal-stream sampled at a specified sampling frequency, and down converts it into In-Phase (I) and Quad-Phase (Q) output signal-streams. Using the theory and application of the SSS, there are three main objectives that will be accomplished: characterization of the effects of input, …
Optimal Coverage Of Theater Targets With Small Satellite Constellations, Axel Rendon
Optimal Coverage Of Theater Targets With Small Satellite Constellations, Axel Rendon
Theses and Dissertations
The daylight passes of a low-Earth orbit satellite over a targeted latitude and longitude are optimized by varying the inclination and eccentricity of an orbit at different altitudes. This investigation extends the work by Emery et al, in which the optimal Right Ascension of the Ascending Node was determined for a circular, matched inclination orbit. The optimal values were determined by a numerical research method based on Emery et al's Matlab program. Results indicate that small increases in inclination raise the number of daylight passes up to 33%. These optimal inclinations depend on the satellite semi-major axis. Eccentricity increases also …
Modeling Adaptive Middleware And Its Applications To Military Tactical Datalinks, Jason T. Lawson
Modeling Adaptive Middleware And Its Applications To Military Tactical Datalinks, Jason T. Lawson
Theses and Dissertations
Open systems solutions and techniques have become the de facto standard for achieving interoperability between disparate, large-scale, legacy software systems. A key technology among open systems solutions and techniques is middleware. Middleware, in general, is used to isolate applications from dependencies introduced by hardware, operating systems, and other low-level aspects of system architectures. While middleware approaches are or will be integrated into operational military systems, many open questions exist about the appropriate areas to applying middleware. Adaptive middleware is middleware that provides an application with a run-time adaptation strategy, based upon system-level interfaces and properties. Adaptive middleware is an example …
A Jbi Information Object Engineering Environment Utilizing Metadata Fragments For Refining Searches On Semantically-Related Object Types, Felicia N. Harlow
A Jbi Information Object Engineering Environment Utilizing Metadata Fragments For Refining Searches On Semantically-Related Object Types, Felicia N. Harlow
Theses and Dissertations
The Joint Battlespace Infosphere (JBI) architecture defines the Information Object (IO) as its basic unit of data. This research proposes an IO engineering methodology that will introduce componentized IO type development. This enhancement will improve the ability of JBI users to create and store IO type schemas, and query and subscribe to information objects, which may be semantically related by their inclusion of common metadata elements. Several parallel efforts are being explored to enable efficient storage and retrieval of IOs. Utilizing relational database access methods, applying a component-based IO type development concept, and exploiting XML inclusion mechanisms, this research improves …
Simple Public Key Infrastructure Analysis Protocol Analysis And Design, Alexander G. Vidergar
Simple Public Key Infrastructure Analysis Protocol Analysis And Design, Alexander G. Vidergar
Theses and Dissertations
Secure electronic communication is based on secrecy, authentication and authorization. One means of assuring a communication has these properties is to use Public Key Cryptography (PKC). The framework consisting of standards, protocols and instructions that make PKC usable in communication applications is called a Public Key Infrastructure (PKI). This thesis aims at proving the applicability of the Simple Public Key Infrastructure (SPKI) as a means of PKC. The strand space approach of Guttman and Thayer is used to provide an appropriate model for analysis. A Diffie-Hellman strand space model is combined with mixed strand space proof methods for proving the …
A Line-Of-Slight Sensor Network For Wide Area Video Surveillance: Simulation And Evaluation, Jamie R. Morrison
A Line-Of-Slight Sensor Network For Wide Area Video Surveillance: Simulation And Evaluation, Jamie R. Morrison
Theses and Dissertations
Substantial performance improvement of a wide area video surveillance network can be obtained with the addition of a Line-of-Sight sensor. The research described in this thesis shows that while the Line-of-Sight sensor cannot monitor areas with the ubiquity of video cameras alone, the combined network produces substantially fewer false alarms and superior location precision for numerous moving people than video. Recent progress in the fabrication of inexpensive, robust CMOS-based video cameras have triggered a new approach to wide area surveillance of busy areas such as modeling an airport corridor as a distributed sensor network problem. Wireless communication between these cameras …
Geolocation Of A Node On A Local Area Network, John R. Clarson
Geolocation Of A Node On A Local Area Network, John R. Clarson
Theses and Dissertations
Geolocation is the process of identifying a node using only its Internet Protocol (IP) address. Locating a node on a LAN poses particular challenges due to the small scale of the problem and the increased significance of queuing delay. This study builds upon existing research in the area of geolocation and develops a heuristic tailored to the difficulties inherent in LANs called the LAN Time to Location Heuristic (LTTLH). LTTLH uses several polling nodes to measure latencies to end nodes, known locations within the LAN. The Euclidean distance algorithm is used to compare the results with the latency of a …
Weapon Release Scheduling From Multiple-Bay Aircraft Using Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithms, Francis R. Lyons Iv
Weapon Release Scheduling From Multiple-Bay Aircraft Using Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithms, Francis R. Lyons Iv
Theses and Dissertations
The United States Air Force has put an increased emphasis on the timely delivery of precision weapons. Part of this effort has been to us multiple bay aircraft such the B-1B Lancer and B-52 Stratofortress to provide Close Air Support and responsive strikes using 1760 weapons. In order to provide greater flexibility, the aircraft carry heterogeneous payloads which can require deconfliction in order to drop multiple different types of weapons. Current methods of deconfliction and weapon selection are highly crew dependent and work intensive. This research effort investigates the optimization of an algorithm for weapon release which allows the aircraft …
Accelerating Missile Threat Engagement Simulations Using Personal Computer Graphics Cards, Sean E. Jeffers
Accelerating Missile Threat Engagement Simulations Using Personal Computer Graphics Cards, Sean E. Jeffers
Theses and Dissertations
The 453rd Electronic Warfare Squadron supports on-going military operations by providing battlefield commanders with aircraft ingress and egress routes that minimize the risk of shoulder or ground-fired missile attacks on our aircraft. To determine these routes, the 453rd simulates engagements between ground-to-air missiles and allied aircraft to determine the probability of a successful attack. The simulations are computationally expensive, often requiring two-hours for a single 10-second missile engagement. Hundreds of simulations are needed to perform a complete risk assessment which includes evaluating the effectiveness of countermeasures such as flares, chaff, jammers, and missile warning systems. Thus, the need for faster …
Enabling Intrusion Detection In Ipsec Protected Ipv6 Networks Through Secret-Key Sharing, Patrick J. Sweeney
Enabling Intrusion Detection In Ipsec Protected Ipv6 Networks Through Secret-Key Sharing, Patrick J. Sweeney
Theses and Dissertations
As the Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) implementation becomes more widespread, the IP Security (IPSec) features embedded into the next-generation protocol will become more accessible than ever. Though the network-layer encryption provided by IPSec is a boon to data security, its use renders standard network intrusion detection systems (NIDS) useless. The problem of performing intrusion detection on encrypted traffic has been addressed by differing means with each technique requiring one or more static secret keys to be shared with the NIDS beforehand. The problem with this approach is static keying is much less secure than dynamic key generation through the …
Device Discovery In Frequency Hopping Wireless Ad Hoc Networks, Brian S. Peterson
Device Discovery In Frequency Hopping Wireless Ad Hoc Networks, Brian S. Peterson
Theses and Dissertations
This research develops a method for efficient discovery of wireless devices for a frequency hopping spread spectrum, synchronous, ad hoc network comprised of clustered sub-networks. The Bluetooth wireless protocol serves as the reference protocol. The development of a discovery, or outreach, method for scatternets requires the characterization of performance metrics of Bluetooth piconets, many of which are unavailable in literature. Precise analytical models characterizing the interference caused to Bluetooth network traffic by inquiring devices, the probability mass function of packet error rates between arbitrary pairs of Bluetooth networks, and Bluetooth discovery time distribution are developed. Based on the characterized performance …
An Analysis Of Electromagnetic Interference (Emi) Of Ultra Wideband(Uwb) And Ieee 802.11a Wireless Local Area Network (Wlan) Employing Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (Ofdm), Juan Lopez Jr.
Theses and Dissertations
Military communications require the rapid deployment of mobile, high-bandwidth systems. These systems must provide anytime, anywhere capabilities with minimal interference to existing military, private, and commercial communications. Ultra Wideband (UWB) technology is being advanced as the next generation radio technology and has the potential to revolutionize indoor wireless communications. The ability of UWB to mitigate multipath fading, provide high-throughput data rates (e.g., greater than 100 Mbps), provide excellent signal penetration (e.g., through walls), and low implementation costs makes it an ideal technology for a wide range of private and public sector applications. Preliminary UWB studies conducted by The Institute for …
Interference Suppression In Multiple Access Communications Using M-Ary Phase Shift Keying Generated Via Spectral Encoding, Abel S. Nunez
Interference Suppression In Multiple Access Communications Using M-Ary Phase Shift Keying Generated Via Spectral Encoding, Abel S. Nunez
Theses and Dissertations
A conceptual transform domain communication system (TDCS) is shown capable of operating successfully using M-Ary phase shift keying (MPSK) data modulation in a multiple access environment. Using spectral encoding, the conceptual TDCS provides an effective means for mitigating interference affects while achieving multiple access communications. The use of transform domain processing with MPSK data modulation (TD-MPSK) provides higher spectral efficiency relative to other modulation techniques (antipodal signaling and cyclic shift keying) considered previously for TDCS applications. The proposed TD-MPSK technique uses spectral encoding for both data and multiple access phase modulations. Demodulation of the spectrally encoded TD-MPSK communication symbols is …
A Communications Modeling System For Swarm-Based Sensors, Brian A. Kadrovach
A Communications Modeling System For Swarm-Based Sensors, Brian A. Kadrovach
Theses and Dissertations
Today's information age has exploded the amount of data available to decision makers at all levels of the control hierarchy. The miniaturization and proliferation of sensor technology has enabled extensive detection and monitoring and advances in computational capabilities have provided for embedded data analysis and the generation of information from raw data. Additionally, with the miniaturization of mechanical systems it is possible to provide platforms for sensor suites that are capable of mobility and limited autonomy. Swarming or bio-emergent behavior problems, provides a robust scalable mechanism for organizing large numbers of mobile sensor platforms. However, the mobility dynamics of swarm …
Investigation Of Doppler Effects On The Detection Of Polyphase Coded Radar Waveforms, Geoffrey G. Bowman
Investigation Of Doppler Effects On The Detection Of Polyphase Coded Radar Waveforms, Geoffrey G. Bowman
Theses and Dissertations
Special operations missions often depend on discrete insertion of highly trained soldiers into dangerous territory. To reduce the risk involved in this type of engagement, Low Probability of Detection radar waveforms have been designed specifically to defeat enemy passive radar detectors. These waveforms have been shown to perform well when the Doppler shift is minimal, but their performance degrades dramatically with increased frequency shifts due to Doppler effects. This research compares one known Low Probability of Detection waveform, based on Welti coding, with a radar waveform known to provide Doppler constancy, namely, one based on Frank coding. These waveforms are …
Performance Analysis Of Protocol Independent Multicasting-Dense Mode In Low Earth Orbit Satellite Networks, Mark D. Saeger
Performance Analysis Of Protocol Independent Multicasting-Dense Mode In Low Earth Orbit Satellite Networks, Mark D. Saeger
Theses and Dissertations
This research explored the implementation of Protocol Independent Multicasting - Dense Mode (PIM-DM) in a LEO satellite constellation. PIM-DM is a terrestrial protocol for distributing traffic efficiently between subscriber nodes by combining data streams into a tree-based structure, spreading from the root of the tree to the branches. Using this structure, a minimum number of connections are required to transfer data, decreasing the load on intermediate satellite routers. The PIM-DM protocol was developed for terrestrial systems and this research implemented an adaptation of this protocol in a satellite system. This research examined the PIM-DM performance characteristics which were compared to …