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Articles 61 - 90 of 683
Full-Text Articles in Computer Engineering
Data Collection And Performance Monitoring Of Real-Time Parallel Systems , Mahesh Mahadevan
Data Collection And Performance Monitoring Of Real-Time Parallel Systems , Mahesh Mahadevan
All Computer Science and Engineering Research
Instrumentation and log data monitoring are important features present in many different applications today that are used in analysis of a system behaviour. They are largely used in collection of key information from the system which might allow us to describe or establish certain facts about the behavior of the system. Instrumentation in any application usually comes along with its overheads. In some cases , code for instrumentation might become more expensive on the underlying resources than the application itself. For many applications, especially real-time applications , this overhead can cause serious and often catastrophic system failures. Collecting useful information …
A 3d Selection & Query Tool For The Geneatlas Project, Donald Mccurdy
A 3d Selection & Query Tool For The Geneatlas Project, Donald Mccurdy
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In this project, I present an application to view, interact with, and search 3D medical volumes as part of the GeneAtlas project.
Common Dma Engine Interface, Roger Alessi
Common Dma Engine Interface, Roger Alessi
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Circuit boards with Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) have a historically diverse set of standards for communicating with other devices. This provides a challenge for developers creating FPGA applications and makes migration of applications from one board or FPGA to another difficult. Many board manufacturers, including Xilinx and GiDEL, create boards with Peripheral Component Interconnect Express (PCIe) buses. PCIe provides a low-level standard for transferring data between a Central Processing Unit (CPU) and an FPGA, and these manufacturers have designed Direct Memory Access (DMA) engines to implement the standard. However, each manufacturer’s DMA engines do not share a standard interface, …
Rapid Development Environments For Therapy Games: Looking Glass Therapy Games For Cerebral Palsy Treatment Utilizing The Kinect, Melynda Eden
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Cerebral palsy is a group of neurological disorders that impair body movement, muscle coordination, hearing, vision, and cognitive function. Symptoms vary but can include muscle weakness, muscle and joint tightness, abnormal or unsteady gait, seizures, learning disabilities, speech problems, as well as hearing or vision problems [1]. Although cerebral palsy cannot be cured, treatments such as physical and occupational therapy can greatly help affected children develop motor skills needed to increase mobility and foster independence [2]. Computer based therapy games have shown promise in helping stroke survivors recover from stroke [3]. Initially, stroke therapy games developed in Looking Glass utilized …
Specializing Interfaces For Citizen Science Segmentation Of Volumetric Data, Michelle Vaughan, Cindy Grimm, Ruth Sowell, Robert Pless, Stephen Kobourov
Specializing Interfaces For Citizen Science Segmentation Of Volumetric Data, Michelle Vaughan, Cindy Grimm, Ruth Sowell, Robert Pless, Stephen Kobourov
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Segmentation of 3D and time-varying volumetric (4D) image data is considered a time and resource intensive bottleneck in scientific endeavors. Automatic methods are becoming more reliable, but many data sets still require manual intervention. This can mainly be attributed to the characteristics of the image data not being amenable to automated methods, the existence of variations in or poor image quality, or the need for an expert to review and edit results from an automatic technique. Manually segmenting volumetric data is a challenge even for those more experienced. Understanding the 3D nature of the data and navigating through the 3D …
Studying Network Optimization In The Context Of Self-Stabilization, Abusayeed Saifullah
Studying Network Optimization In The Context Of Self-Stabilization, Abusayeed Saifullah
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Self-stabilization is a theoretical framework of non-masking fault-tolerance for distributed networks. A self-stabilizing system is capable of tolerating any unexpected transient fault without outside intervention and, regardless of the initial state, it can converge to a legitimate global state, a predefined vector of local states, in finite time. Self-stabilization has rendered a good problem solving paradigm of networks over the last decade. In this paper, we survey the self-stabilizing solutions for various network optimization problems such as network flow, load balancing, load and resource distribution, routing, file distribution, shortest paths etc. The paper also summarizes some recent works presenting how …
Self-Stabilization In The Distributed Systems Of Finite State Machines, Abusayeed Saifullah
Self-Stabilization In The Distributed Systems Of Finite State Machines, Abusayeed Saifullah
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The notion of self-stabilization was first proposed by Dijkstra in 1974 in his classic paper. The paper defines a system as self-stabilizing if, starting at any, possibly illegitimate, state the system can automatically adjust itself to eventually converge to a legitimate state in finite amount of time and once in a legitimate state it will remain so unless it incurs a subsequent transient fault. Dijkstra limited his attention to a ring of finite-state machines and provided its solution for self-stabilization. In the years following his introduction, very few papers were published in this area. Once his proposal was recognized as …
Implementation Of Real-Time Calibration Of Polarization Imaging Sensors, Collin Foster
Implementation Of Real-Time Calibration Of Polarization Imaging Sensors, Collin Foster
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Recent breakthroughs in nanofabrication techniques have led to development of sophisticated Division-of-Focal-Plane (DoFP) polarization imaging sensors. One such technique allows the fabrication of nanowire filters fabricated directly on the imaging sensor itself. This technique can be used to fabricate robust DoFP polarization imaging sensors. However, the polarization information captured by the imagers can be degraded due to imperfections in the fabrication of the nanowire filters on the imaging sensor. Polarization information can also be degraded from other sources including crosstalk between pixels. To compensate for these undesired effects, a calibration routine can be applied to each pixel after image capture. …
Kinect Hand Recognition And Tracking, Alex Drake
Kinect Hand Recognition And Tracking, Alex Drake
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he goal of this research project was to be able to identify and track a hand using the depth image from a Microsoft Kinect. The ability to do this would have uses in sign language recognition, rehabilitation, and gesture recognition amongst others. The Microsoft Kinect is currently capable of identifying and tracking whole bodies. Our approach was to follow the method that Microsoft used but apply it to detailed hand recognition instead of the body. The basic strategy they used was to take a large amount of labeled depth data and build a decision tree to identify which part of …
Early Warning System: Relay Sensor Deployment & Network Reliability Analysis, Zhicheng Yang
Early Warning System: Relay Sensor Deployment & Network Reliability Analysis, Zhicheng Yang
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In this project, we continued Dr. Chipara's study, which developed an early warning system (EWS) to detect the vital signs of patients in order to help doctors to intervene in time [1]. Since the number of wards increased, the environment our system faced with became more complicated and our network became more sensitive. This project focused on finding reasons on the relays that didn't work and doing a reliability analysis on the network in one ward our study covered.
Limitations And Solutions For Real-Time Local Inter-Domain Communication In Xen, Sisu Xi, Chong Li, Chenyang Lu, Christopher Gill
Limitations And Solutions For Real-Time Local Inter-Domain Communication In Xen, Sisu Xi, Chong Li, Chenyang Lu, Christopher Gill
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As computer hardware becomes increasingly powerful, there is an ongoing trend towards integrating complex, legacy real-time systems using fewer hosts through virtualization. Especially in embedded systems domains such as avionics and automotive engineering, this kind of system integration can greatly reduce system weight, cost, and power requirements. When systems are integrated in this manner, network communication may become local inter-domain communication (IDC) within the same host. This paper examines the limitations of inter-domain communication in Xen, a widely used open-source virtual machine monitor (VMM) that recently has been extended to support real-time domain scheduling. We find that both the VMM …
The Forest Overlay Network, Logan Stafman
The Forest Overlay Network, Logan Stafman
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Forest is an overlay network designed for large real-time distributed systems. In particular, we’re interested in virtual worlds that provide high-quality interaction over a constantly changing pattern of communication. Forest is suitable for applications in which many entities send data to a large set of constantly changing entities. By using tree-structured channels, we can create logically isolated private networks which support both unicast and multicast routing. In this paper, we will discuss the core components of Forest and measure the performance of the control elements of the network. We will also provide examples of control sequences and the roles played …
Mercury Blastn Biosequence Similarity Search System: Technical Reference Guide, Jeremy Buhler
Mercury Blastn Biosequence Similarity Search System: Technical Reference Guide, Jeremy Buhler
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This guide documents the operation of the Mercury BLASTN system for hardware-accelerated DNA similarity search. It includes detailed information on the syntax and limitations of the system's component commands, as well as a description of the system's hardware platform suitable for administrators who need to maintain a Mercury BLASTN system. Mercury BLASTN is a product of the High Performance COmputational Biology Group at Washington University.
Efficient Deadlock Avoidance For Streaming Computation With Filtering, Jeremy Buhler, Kunal Agrawal, Peng Li, Roger D. Chamberlain
Efficient Deadlock Avoidance For Streaming Computation With Filtering, Jeremy Buhler, Kunal Agrawal, Peng Li, Roger D. Chamberlain
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In this report, we show that deadlock avoidance for streaming computations with filtering can be performed efficiently for a large class of DAG topologies. We first give efficient algorithms for dummy interval computation in series-parallel DAGs, then generalize our results to a larger graph family, the CS4DAGs, in which every undirected cycle has exactly one source and one sink. Our results show that, for a large set of application topologies that are both intuitively useful and formalizable, the streaming model with filtering can be implemented safely with reasonable compilation overhead.
Hierarchical Scheduling For Multicores With Multilevel Cache Hierarchies, Kunal Agrawal, Jim Sukha
Hierarchical Scheduling For Multicores With Multilevel Cache Hierarchies, Kunal Agrawal, Jim Sukha
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Cache-locality is an important consideration for the performance in multicore systems. In modern and future multicore systems with multilevel cache hierarchies, caches may be arranged in a tree of caches, where a level k cache is shared between Pk processors, called a processor group, and Pk increases with k. In order to get good performance, as much as possible, subcomputations that share more data should execute on processors which share a lower-level cache. Therefore, the number of cache misses in these systems depends on the scheduling decisions, and a scheduler is responsible for not just achieving good load-balance and low …
Near Optimal Rate Selection For Wireless Control Systems, Abusayeed Saifullah, Chengjie Wu, Paras Babu Tiwari, You Xu, Yong Fu, Chenyang Lu, Yixin Chen
Near Optimal Rate Selection For Wireless Control Systems, Abusayeed Saifullah, Chengjie Wu, Paras Babu Tiwari, You Xu, Yong Fu, Chenyang Lu, Yixin Chen
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With the advent of industrial standards such as WirelessHART, process industries are now gravitating towards wireless control systems. Due to limited bandwidth in a wireless network shared by multiple control loops, it is critical to optimize the overall control performance. In this paper, we address the scheduling-control co-design problem of determining the optimal sampling rates of feedback control loops sharing a WirelessHART network. The objective is to minimize the overall control cost while ensuring that all data flows meet their end-to-end deadlines. The resulting constrained optimization based on existing delay bounds for WirelessHART networks is challenging since it is non-differentiable, …
Distributed Channel Allocation Algorithms For Wireless Sensor Networks, Abusayeed Saifullah, You Xu, Chenyang Lu, Yixin Chen
Distributed Channel Allocation Algorithms For Wireless Sensor Networks, Abusayeed Saifullah, You Xu, Chenyang Lu, Yixin Chen
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Interference between concurrent transmissions can cause severe performance degradation in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). While multiple channels available in WSN technology such as IEEE 802.15.4 can be exploited to mitigate interference, channel allocation can have a significant impact on the performance of multi-channel communication. This paper proposes a set of distributed algorithms for near-optimal channel allocation in WSNs with theoretical bounds. We first consider the problem of minimizing the number of channels needed to remove interference in a WSN, and propose both receiver-based and link-based distributed channel allocation protocols. For WSNs with an insufficient number of channels, we formulate a …
Feedback Thermal Control Of Real-Time Systems On Multicore Processors, Yong Fu, Nicholas Kottenstette, Chenyang Lu, Xenofon D. Koutsoukos
Feedback Thermal Control Of Real-Time Systems On Multicore Processors, Yong Fu, Nicholas Kottenstette, Chenyang Lu, Xenofon D. Koutsoukos
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Real-time systems face significant challenges in thermal management with their adoption of modern multicore processors. While earlier research on feedback thermal control has shown promise in dealing with the uncertainties in the thermal characteristics, multicore processors introduce new challenges that cannot be handled by previous solutions designed for single-core processors. Multicore processors require the temperatures and real-time performance of multiple cores to be controlled simultaneously, leading to multi-input-multi-output (MIMO) control problems with inter-core thermal coupling. Furthermore, current Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling (DVFS) mechanisms only support a finite set of states, leading to discrete control variables that cannot be handled …
Energy-Efficient Low Power Listening For Wireless Sensor Networks In Noisy Environments, Mo Sha, Gregory Hackmann, Chenyang Lu
Energy-Efficient Low Power Listening For Wireless Sensor Networks In Noisy Environments, Mo Sha, Gregory Hackmann, Chenyang Lu
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Low Power Listening (LPL) is a common MAC-layer technique for reducing energy consumption in wireless sensor networks, where nodes periodically wake up to sample the wireless channel to detect activity. However, LPL is highly susceptible to false wakeups caused by environmental noise being detected as activity on the channel, causing nodes to spuriously wake up in order to receive nonexistent transmissions. In empirical studies in residential environments, we observe that the false wakeup problem can significantly increase a node's duty cycle, compromising the benefit of LPL. We also find that the energy-level threshold used by the Clear Channel Assessment (CCA) …
2-Edge-Connectivity And 2-Vertex-Connectivity With Fault Containment, Abusayeed Saifullah
2-Edge-Connectivity And 2-Vertex-Connectivity With Fault Containment, Abusayeed Saifullah
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Self-stabilization for non-masking fault-tolerant distributed system has received considerable research interest over the last decade. In this paper, we propose a self-stabilizing algorithm for 2-edge-connectivity and 2-vertex-connectivity of an asynchronous distributed computer network. It is based on a self-stabilizing depth-first search, and is not a composite algorithm in the sense that it is not composed of a number of self-stabilizing algorithms that run concurrently. The time and space complexities of the algorithm are the same as those of the underlying self-stabilizing depth-first search algorithm.
Implementation And Evaluation Of Mixed-Criticality Scheduling Approaches For Periodic Tasks, Huang-Ming Huang, Christopher Gill, Chenyang Lu
Implementation And Evaluation Of Mixed-Criticality Scheduling Approaches For Periodic Tasks, Huang-Ming Huang, Christopher Gill, Chenyang Lu
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Traditional fixed-priority scheduling analysis for periodic task sets is based on the assumption that all tasks are equally critical to the correct operation of the system. Therefore, every task has to be schedulable under the scheduling policy, and estimates of tasks’ worst case execution times must be conservative in case a task runs longer than is usual. To address the significant under-utilization of a system’s resources under normal operating conditions that can arise from these assumptions, three main approaches have been proposed: priority assignment, period transformation, and zero-slack scheduling. However, to date there has been no quantitative comparison of system …
Generating Muscle Driven Arm Movements Using Reinforcement Learning, Alex S. Broad
Generating Muscle Driven Arm Movements Using Reinforcement Learning, Alex S. Broad
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This project focuses on using Reinforcement Learning to optimize arm dynamics through muscle control for desired trajectories. The goal of this project was to create a tool that can be used to gain a better understanding of the arm’s muscles and collect information that is useful in many other disciplines such as biomechanics, anthropology, medicine and robotics. I developed biologically realistic models of primate arm's using Stanford’s SimTK software, an open-source tool for modeling musculoskeletal structures. I then made use of Differential Dynamic Programming in order to generate novel movements from first principles and optimize motion over a specified trajectory. …
A Survey On Communication Networks In Emergency Warning Systems, Yan Li
A Survey On Communication Networks In Emergency Warning Systems, Yan Li
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No abstract provided.
End-To-End Communication Delay Analysis In Wirelesshart Networks, Abusayeed Saifullah, You Xu, Chenyang Lu, Yixin Chen
End-To-End Communication Delay Analysis In Wirelesshart Networks, Abusayeed Saifullah, You Xu, Chenyang Lu, Yixin Chen
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WirelessHART is a new standard specifically designed for real-time and reliable communication between sensor and actuator devices for industrial process monitoring and control applications. End-to-end communication delay analysis for WirelessHART networks is required to determine the schedulability of real-time data flows from sensors to actuators for the purpose of acceptance test or workload adjustment in response to network dynamics. In this paper, we map the scheduling of real-time periodic data flows in a WirelessHART network to real-time multiprocessor scheduling. We then exploit the response time analysis for multiprocessor scheduling and propose a novel method for the delay analysis that establishes …
Results Of An Observational Study On Sketching, Cindy Grimm
Results Of An Observational Study On Sketching, Cindy Grimm
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We present the results of an observational study on sketching. Artists were asked to sketch a small number of objects and comment on how and why they made the marks they did. We summarize these findings, from low-level details on individual marks through the drawing construction order. Based on these observations we provide suggestions for future research directions in 3D sketching.
Flux Balance Analysis Of Dynamic Metabolism In Shewanella Oneidensis Mr-1 Using A Static Optimization Approach, Xueyang Feng, You Xu, Yixin Chen, Yinjie Tang
Flux Balance Analysis Of Dynamic Metabolism In Shewanella Oneidensis Mr-1 Using A Static Optimization Approach, Xueyang Feng, You Xu, Yixin Chen, Yinjie Tang
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Shewanella bacteria are facultative anaerobes isolated from aquatic and sedimentary environments (Hau and Gralnick 2007) with a broad capacity for reduction of multiple electron receptors (Pinchuk et al. 2009; Serres and Riley 2006), including Fe(III), Mn(IV), sulfur, nitrate, and fumarate. With the accomplishment of complete genome sequencing of several Shewanella bacteria, the general pictures of the carbon metabolism have been revealed (Serres and Riley 2006). metabolism. One of the most physiological methods to decipher the time-variant metabolic regulation is to determine the dynamic distribution of intracellular metabolic fluxes since it reveals the final response of cellular metabolism to genomic, transcriptional …
Webcam Image Alignment, Matthew Klein
Webcam Image Alignment, Matthew Klein
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No abstract provided.
Real Time Baseball Augmented Reality, Adam Kraft
Real Time Baseball Augmented Reality, Adam Kraft
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As computer hardware becomes increasingly powerful, there is an ongoing trend towards integrating complex, legacy real-time systems using fewer hosts through virtualization. Especially in embedded systems domains such as avionics and automotive engineerin
Multi-Core Real-Time Scheduling For Generalized Parallel Task Models, Abusayeed Saifullah, Kunal Agrawal, Chenyang Lu, Christopher Gill
Multi-Core Real-Time Scheduling For Generalized Parallel Task Models, Abusayeed Saifullah, Kunal Agrawal, Chenyang Lu, Christopher Gill
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Multi-core processors over a significant performance increase over single-core processors. Therefore, they have the potential to enable computation-intensive real-time applications with stringent timing constraints that cannot be met on traditional single-core processors. However, most results in traditional multiprocessor real-time scheduling are limited to sequential programming models and ignore intra-task parallelism. In this paper, we address the problem of scheduling periodic parallel tasks with implicit deadlines on multi-core processors. We first consider a synchronous task model where each task consists of segments, each segment having an arbitrary number of parallel threads that synchronize at the end of the segment. We propose …
Optimization Of Gene Prediction Via More Accurate Phylogenetic Substitution Models, Ezekiel Maier, Randall H. Brown, Michael R. Brent
Optimization Of Gene Prediction Via More Accurate Phylogenetic Substitution Models, Ezekiel Maier, Randall H. Brown, Michael R. Brent
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Determining the beginning and end positions of each exon in each protein coding gene within a genome can be difficult because the DNA patterns that signal a gene’s presence have multiple weakly related alternate forms and the DNA fragments that comprise a gene are generally small in comparison to the size of the genome. In response to this challenge, automated gene predictors were created to generate putative gene structures. N SCAN identifies gene structures in a target DNA sequence and can use conservation patterns learned from alignments between a target and one or more informant DNA sequences. N SCAN uses …