Structural Engineering Commons^™

Iconic Henry Street Bridge In Indianapolis, Marshall Lachecki, Keith Echternach, Mary Appel

Purdue Road School

The iconic new Henry Street bridge over the White River in Indianapolis is a connection to the west side of downtown Indy.  From the challenging hydraulics requirements to the bridge concepts, design, procurement and through construction and archaeology work, the City has worked with many stakeholders and the public to make this new crossing a success.  This presentation will focus on design elements of the bridge while touching upon other project elements.

Downdrag Defeated – The Neutral Plane Method, Kyle L. Zak, Min Sang Lee

Civil Engineering Professional Development Seminar

The neutral plane method for evaluating downdrag on deep foundations has been gaining popularity over the past few years. It is a powerful tool that, in many situations, can all but eliminate downdrag concerns on deep foundations. INDOT has allowed its use recently and adapted its forms to accommodate this method. The presentation will cover the theory behind the method and how it can be applied in bridge design. We will then demonstrate how to incorporate the method into the INDOT workflow, and we’ll show a couple real-life examples where the neutral plane method saved the day.

Mass Timber Construction: Products, Performance And Design, Anthony Harvey

Civil Engineering Professional Development Seminar

Due to their high strength, dimensional stability and positive environmental performance, mass timber building products are quickly becoming materials of choice for sustainably‐minded designers. This presentation will provide a detailed look at the variety of mass timber products available, including glue‐laminated timber (glulam), cross laminated timber (CLT), nail laminated timber (NLT), heavy timber decking, and other engineered and composite systems. Applications for the use of these products under modern building codes will be discussed, and examples of their use in U.S. projects reviewed. Mass timber’s ability to act as both structure and exposed finish will also be highlighted, as will …

Bell Ford Bridge Reconstruction Project, Daniel Kurdziel, Jim Barker, Matt Lee

Purdue Road School

The Bell Ford Bridge was originally constructed in 1869 until it collapsed in the 20th century. The remains were salvaged and stored for 20 years until it was to be rebuilt in Hamilton County, IN. This is the only remaining Combination Post Truss in existence and was rebuilt using 95% of the original iron and 10% of the original timber.

Demystifying Utility Coordination: Understanding The Basics, Josshe I. Palm

Purdue Road School

This session will explain utility coordination to non-utility coordinators. It will help educate others about the role and responsibilities of a utility coordinator, an OSA, easy UC and design mistakes to avoid, scope and design considerations, items commonly overlooked, when to coordinate SUE, and how to work with your UC to request a letting adjustment. We will also highlight UC submittals and allow time for questions about the UC’s role in a project’s success.

Environmental Assessments On A Local Project, Robert Winebrinner, Trevor Wieseke, Summer R. Elmore, Alison Krupski, Mike Maurovich

Purdue Road School

This presentation will go through the environmental process of a recent $125M local project within Noblesville. What are the major differences between the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) and State Environmental Policy Act (SEPA) process as it relates to an environmental assessment (EA)? What is required, what is not required, and what is optional? How long does the process take? Join us as we walk through this exciting process and experience.

Investigation Of Mechanical Properties Of Recycled Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites Reinforcing Cement, Caleb Mull, Fnu Archie, Harry Lee, Guyuan Zhang

Discovery Undergraduate Interdisciplinary Research Internship

The usage of fiber-reinforced polymer composites in various fields has increased significantly due to their advantageous physical and mechanical properties. However, the sustainability of composite parts has not been fully solved for a long time. Most end-of-life (EOL) composite parts have been landfilled without recycling due to the recycling cost and lack of application of recycled composites. Mechanical composite recycling that shred the EOL composite part and reuse it for downgraded applications is one of the most commonly used recycling processes for the EOL composite part. In this research, mechanical composite recycling process was demonstrated for the construction application. The …

Application Of Acoustic Emission Technology In Monitoring Corrosion Induced Expansion Cracks Of Reinforced Concrete, Zhen Zeng, Gang Xu, Rui Zhang, Zewen Yang

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

Acoustic emission (AE) technology is used to monitor the whole process of reinforced concrete rust expanding and cracking, and the accuracy of AE technology to distinguish the location and type of cracks in concrete rust expanding and cracking is studied and verified. The results show that the protective layer is accompanied by a large number of acoustic emission signals in the process of rust expansion and cracking, Moment tensor inversion can more accurately identify crack sources such as shear source, tensile source and mixed source; In the process of corrosion-induced expansion cracking, shear source cracks appear before tensile source cracks …

Blast Analysis Of Steel-Plate Composite Slabs: Sdof And Fem Analyses, Joshua R. Harmon, Amit H. Varma

Bowen Laboratory Research Reports

Steel-plate composite (SC) members have emerged as competitive construction methods for tall buildings and nuclear power plants. Detailed design guidance has been created for these functions and design of these members is now covered in AISC 341-16 and ASIC N690-18. However, SC members are emerging for use in protective structures to withstand blast and impact loads. Although experimental tests of SC members for blast resistant design have been conducted, design of SC members for blast loads has not been addressed in existing design references for blast loadings (UFC 3-340-02). This report details a general design philosophy for blast loaded SC …

Seismic Design Coefficients For Speedcore Or Composite Plate Shear Walls - Concrete Filled (C-Psw/Cf), Shubham Agrawal, Morgan Broberg, Amit H. Varma

Bowen Laboratory Research Reports

This report summarizes the results from FEMA P695 analytical studies conducted to verify the seismic design factors for composite plate shear walls – concrete filled (C-PSW/CF), also referred to as Speedcore. ASCE 7-16 provides the seismic design factors, which include the seismic response modification factor, R, deflection amplification factor, C_d, and overstrength factor, Ω_o, for various approved seismic systems. C-PSW/CFs are assigned a response modification factor of 6.5, a deflection amplification factor of 5.5, and an overstrength factor of 2.5 for C-PSW/CFs. These seismic design factors were selected based on the seismic performance of similar structural …

Railway Bridges Up-To-Date, Stephen Dick

Purdue Road School

Railroad bridges are not foremost on people’s minds, but they are still a critical item in our nation’s infrastructure. The railroads have a major investment in their bridges, and with many beyond 100 years old, maintenance and replacement of them is still a major cost item. This presentation describes the current state of railroad bridges, discusses older and new bridges, and addresses the current regulatory environment.

Waterproofing Membrane For Concrete Boxes And Culverts, Keith Alan Lytton P.E., Jeremy Hunter P.E.

Purdue Road School

In 2019 a new INDOT Specification went into effect for waterproofing on concrete pipes and three- and four-sided boxes. The new specification decreased the leakage at these structures joints from 95% to less than 5%. This presentation will provide the background on why the change was needed and the solution, complete with construction examples and results.

Bim For Bridges And Structures Pooled Fund Initiative, Julie Rivera, Connor Christian

Purdue Road School

The BIM for Bridges and Structures initiative, also known as TPF-5(372), is a transportation pooled fund project that is a collaborative effort of 20 states, FHWA, and the AASHTO Committee on Bridges and Structures. The pooled fund objective is to develop an open, national standard for exchanging information necessary for the design, fabrication, and construction of bridges and structures in the United States. The presentation will provide an overview of the project and explain ways in which stakeholders can get involved.

Load Rating Of Bridges Without Plans, Rafael Armendariz, Mark Bowman

Purdue Road School

The presentation will address the challenges of load rating bridges without plans and how a four-step procedure can be used to guide the engineer in determining bridge ratings for poorly documented bridges. The procedure is illustrated through the assessment of an earth-en-filled reinforced concrete arch bridge with no available bridge information.

A Look At Indot's Overhead Sign Structures, David Boruff

Purdue Road School

This presentation highlights results of sign sheeting field review and associated changes in policy and standards, as well as how we’re implementing the findings from our overhead sign structure inspection program through the first statewide overhead sign structure repair and replacement contract.

Internet Of Things For Sustainable Mining, Abdul Salam

Computer Information Technology Faculty Publications

The sustainable mining Internet of Things deals with the applications of IoT technology to the coupled needs of sustainable recovery of metals and a healthy environment for a thriving planet. In this chapter, the IoT architecture and technology is presented to support development of a digital mining platform emphasizing the exploration of rock–fluid–environment interactions to develop extraction methods with maximum economic benefit, while maintaining and preserving both water quantity and quality, soil, and, ultimately, human health. New perspectives are provided for IoT applications in developing new mineral resources, improved management of tailings, monitoring and mitigating contamination from mining. Moreover, tools …

Pore Characteristics And Computed Permeability Of Pastes Subject To Freeze-Thaw Cycles At Very Early Ages By X-Ray Ct, Ya Wei, Zehong Wu, Xiang Gao

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

Freeze-thaw cycling can damage microstructure of concrete and reduce the service life of concrete structures. This is especially detrimental for concrete subject to freeze-thaw cycles at very early-ages, such as within the first few days after constructions. Typical low and high water-to-cement (w/c) ratio pastes are investigated experimentally and numerically in this study. The pastes are subject to freeze-thaw cycles at the age of 1, and 7 days and then sealed-cured to the age of 45 days. The pore size distribution is measured and quantified by X-ray computer tomography (CT) with high resolution. The permeability of the corresponding pastes is …

Development Of Engineered Cementitious Composites With Conductive Inclusions For Use In Self-Sensing Applications, Benny Suryanto Dr, Danah Saraireh Ms, Steven Walls Mr, Jaehwan Kim Dr, W John Mccarter Prof

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

The mechanical and a.c. electrical properties of a new varietal of engineered cementitious composite (ECC) incorporating conductive inclusions are presented. Electrical measurements were undertaken over a wide frequency range while curing and when under uniaxial tensile loading to study the influence of ongoing hydration and multiple microcrack formation on the composite electrical impedance. When presented in Nyquist format, the work shows that conductive inclusions reduce the bulk resistance of the composite while enhancing its polarizability, transforming the classic, single-arc bulk response of typical cement-based materials to a two-arc response. The bulk resistance was shown to increase with time and damage, …

Rehabilitation Of Low Rise Rcc Structure Along 9m High Retaining Wall, Aniruddha Nakhawa Er, Vivek Deshmukh Dr

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

Mumbai is the financial, commercial and entertainment capital of India, facing bigger challenges in accommodating its over growing population day by day. The Mumbai City has population of 18.4 million over its 634 km2 area, ie. Almost 350 ft2/person. This enormous rise in population density has restricted the development to expand vertically. This also, results in growth of major slums, which is almost 62% of the population dwelling in slums. Subsequently, the authorities is in need of a large scaled Slum Sanitation Program, which utilize the scarcely available land for construction of Community Toilet Blocks with involvement of NGO’s and …

Residual Service Life Estimation And Its Importance For Pretensioned Concrete (Ptc) Bridges In Coastal Cities, Dyana Joseline, Deepak K. Kamde, Sripriya Rengaraju, Radhakrishna G. Pillai

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

Many pre-tensioned concrete (PTC) bridges are experiencing premature chloride-induced corrosion. Hence, it is crucial to estimate their residual service life and update it with newer data on a periodic basis - to plan for corrosionpreventionorcontrolmeasuresandensuresafetyofexistingbridges.Criticalchloridethreshold(Cl th) is one of the parameters necessary to estimate the corrosion initiation period. However, quantitative estimates on Clth for prestressing (PS) steel are not well-reported in literature. This paper presents experimental data on the Clth of PS steel, the chloride diffusion coefficient (Dcl), and surface chloride concentration (Cs) of concrete samples obtained from a PTC bridge girder in a coastal city in India. For estimation …

Mechanical And Microstructure Characteristics Of Concrete-Mixtures Designed For Durability Of Rc-Structures In Corrosive Environment, Saeid A. Alghamdi Dr., S. Ahmad, M. M. Khaled

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

As exposures to chloride-salts are known as prime factors causing initiation and continuity of corrosion-process of steel reinforcement bars in reinforced concrete (RC) structures, it has always been a major concern for designers considering the requirements of structural-durability for targeted-service life of RC-structures in aggressively corrosive environments typically prevalent in coastal regions. Research works previously reported by the researchers have modeled corrosion-process in terms of corrosion-current density, and it was realized that concrete-mixtures design quality and characteristics, degree of exposures to corrosive-agents such as chloride salts, and protective-concrete cover-thickness are now known beyond doubt to be determinant factors as regards …

Study On Accelerated Microbial Corrosion Of Concrete By Artificially Intensified Sewage, L. J. Kong, M. F. Cao, Xiangming Zhou Prof, H. R. Lu, H. Lu, G. Kastiukas

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

In this study, the artificially intensified sewage with different levels of chemical oxygen demand (COD) were prepared, and the changes in weight and strength, as well as the micro morphology, mineral compositions and pore structure of concrete specimens immersed in the artificially intensified sewage and water were investigated in comparison. In parallel, the COD, pH, H₂S and O₂ values, as well as the microbial species and contents of sewage were monitored in the corrosion process. Furthermore, the microbial structure and activities within biofilm developed on concrete surface were also analyzed. The results indicated that the increase of …

Service Life And Life-Cycle Assessment Of Reinforced Concrete With Fly Ash And Limestone Calcined Clay Cement, Ravindra Gettu, Radhakrishna G. Pillai, Manu Santhanam, Sundar Rathnarajan, Anusha Basavaraj, Sripriya Raju, Yuvaraj Dhandapani

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

Environmental impact due to the emission of carbon dioxide during concrete production can be taken care by reducing the clinker content in the cement. The clinker content can be reduced by replacing it with fly ash and limestone calcined clay. Such systems can have a potential to exhibit enhanced durability/service life when exposed to chloride and carbon dioxide. However, estimating probabilistic service life of concretes with such alternative binder systems is difficult due to the lack of quantitative estimates of the input parameters such as chloride diffusion coefficient (D_Cl), ageing coefficient (m), carbonation coefficient (K_CO2), and …

Effect Of Mix Parameters On Strength Of Geopolymer Mortars - Experimental Study, Abdolhossein Naghizadeh, Stephen O. Ekolu

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

In this article, an investigation is reported on development of strength in South African fly ash (FA) – based geopolymer mixtures. Locally available Class F, FA from one of the coal power stations was used in the investigation. The alkali-activator used consisted of sodium silicate (SS) and sodium hydroxide (SH) mixed in varied ratios of 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0 SS to SH. The SS of silicate modulus = 2.5 was used but the SH concentration in the activator was varied to 10, 12, 14M NaOH. Mortars of 2.25 aggregate/binder ratio were used to prepare 50 mm cubes. In …

New Model For Natural Carbonation Prediction In Reinforced Concrete – Concept And Validation On Chemical Admixtures, Stephen O. Ekolu, M Raats

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

A new model for prediction of natural carbonation in reinforced concrete structures has recently been developed and presented in (Ekolu, 2018). For brevity, the model is referred to as ESS model. It employs concrete strength as the primary property depicting core carbonation behaviour of any given concrete while other factors induce secondary influence. Chemical admixtures in concrete significantly influence concrete behaviour. Using experimental data from the literature (Dan-Herrera et al., 2015), the model behaviour is verified under use of various types of chemical admixtures of concrete including internal curing, shrinkage reducing, viscosity modifying, and high range water reducing admixtures. Class …

Strength And Durability Performance Of Ultra-High-Performance Cementitious Composite Enhanced With Carbon Nanofibres, Jlg Nim, Sudharshan Naidu Raman, Mfm Zain, R Hamid, Fc Lai

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

Ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) is known for exhibiting excellent strength and a more durable matrix compared to conventional concrete. Typically UHPC consists of carefully selected constituent materials of: ultrafine graded sand, silica fume (or other alternative binders), steel micro-fibres, and ordinary (or special blends) Portland cement. This study was initiated to synthesize a new blend of Ultra-high-performance cementitious composite (UHPCC) with compressive strength higher than 150 MPa under normal curing conditions, and to investigate the influence of two different sources of carbon nanofibres (CNF) on its strength, durability and microstructure properties. Several mix designs with different CNF percentages were designed, optimised …

Strength And Durability Of Hybrid Fibre Reinforced Binary Blend Geopolymer Concrete, Namasivayam Ganesan, P V Indira, R Sahana

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

This paper deals with an investigation on the influence of hybrid fibres on the strength and durability of binary blend geopolymer concrete. Geopolymer concrete was prepared using Fly ash and GGBS as source material and mix design was carried out as per the guidelines of Professor Rangan of Curtin University, Australia. Different fly ash-GGBS proportions namely 50-50%, 60-40%, 70-30%, 80-20% and 90-10% were considered. The tests on Geopolymer concrete reveal that the compressive strength increases as the percentage of GGBS increases up to 30%. Hence the combination of 70% fly ash and 30% GGBS was considered as a base material. …

Urban Underground Infrastructure Monitoring Iot: The Path Loss Analysis, Abdul Salam, Syed Shah

Computer Information Technology Faculty Publications

The extra quantities of wastewater entering the pipes can cause backups that result in sanitary sewer overflows. Urban underground infrastructure monitoring is important for controlling the flow of extraneous water into the pipelines. By combining the wireless underground communications and sensor solutions, the urban underground IoT applications such as real time wastewater and storm water overflow monitoring can be developed. In this paper, the path loss analysis of wireless underground communications in urban underground IoT for wastewater monitoring has been presented. It has been shown that the communication range of up to 4 kilometers can be achieved from an underground …

Application Of Computational Tools To Spaghetti-Based Truss Bridge Design, Jin Xu, Jiliang Li, Nuri Zeytinoglu, Jinyuan Zhai

ASEE IL-IN Section Conference

Application of Computational Tools to Spaghetti-Based Truss Design

Statics and Strength of Materials are two foundational courses for Mechanical/Civil Engineering. In order to assist students in better understanding and applying concepts to a meaningful design task, SolidWorks and theoretical calculation were used for a spaghetti-bridge design contest with the constraints of given maximum weight and allowable support-material weight. As the first step of this iterative designing process, both extrude feature and structural member were introduced to model planar bridge trusses. Then SolidWorks’ Statics module was used to run FEA analysis of the structural performance in efforts to optimize the …

Epics Gaqt: Nandi Clean Kitchen Study, Yichen Fan

Engagement & Service-Learning Summit

No abstract provided.