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Articles 511 - 540 of 2023
Full-Text Articles in Structural Engineering
Measured Geometric Imperfections For Cee, Zee, And Built-Up Cold-Formed Steel Members, X. Zhao, B. W. Schafer
Measured Geometric Imperfections For Cee, Zee, And Built-Up Cold-Formed Steel Members, X. Zhao, B. W. Schafer
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
Geometric imperfections play an important role in the performance and behavior of cold-formed steel members. The objective of this paper is to present recent results from measurements of cold-formed steel members conducted by a laser scanner. The measurements provide complete and precise three-dimensional point clouds of the specimens and can be processed to determine dimensional variations as well as variations within the plates. Processing of the data can range from simple: e.g., mean lip length, to complex: e.g., modal decomposition magnitudes of the measured imperfections. Three different shapes of cold-formed steel members are selected for study: Cee, Zee, and built-up …
Buckling Behaviour Of Cold-Formed Steel Beams Under Bending And Torsion, Hong-Xia Wan, Mahen Mahendran
Buckling Behaviour Of Cold-Formed Steel Beams Under Bending And Torsion, Hong-Xia Wan, Mahen Mahendran
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
This research is concerned with the buckling behaviour and design of cold-formed steel beams subject to combined bending and torsional actions. A finite element model considering the effects of initial geometrical imperfections and residual stresses was developed to simulate the combined bending and torsion of cold-formed steel beams. The finite element model was used to conduct analysis on cold-formed lipped channel sections, Z sections and hollow flange channel sections. Elastic buckling analysis was first conducted to study their buckling modes and buckling loads. Nonlinear analysis including the effects of large deformation and material yielding was conducted to obtain their ultimate …
Incorporation Of Elastic Local Buckling In A Plain Channel Section Beam Subjected To Double-Curvature Bending: An Effective-Width Approach, Edwin Lim, Barry J. Goodno, James I. Craig
Incorporation Of Elastic Local Buckling In A Plain Channel Section Beam Subjected To Double-Curvature Bending: An Effective-Width Approach, Edwin Lim, Barry J. Goodno, James I. Craig
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
When electrical cabinets are subjected to lateral loads, such as earthquakes, the beams of the cabinet frame typically experience double-curvature bending deformation. These beams are usually constructed from cold-formed plain channel sections so they are vulnerable to elastic local buckling near their ends, where high stresses from applied loads are more likely to develop. To capture local buckling behavior, structural engineers typically use high-fidelity finite element models, but this approach can be complex and computationally expensive. A Timoshenko beam element model is simpler and less computationally costly but it is not capable of capturing local buckling behavior. In this paper, …
Tests Of Cold-Formed Ferritic Stainless Steel Beams, Lianghao Li, Ben Young
Tests Of Cold-Formed Ferritic Stainless Steel Beams, Lianghao Li, Ben Young
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
Ferritic stainless steel is characterized by its low or even no nickel content, which provides a good alternative to a more commonly used austenitic stainless steel (with 8.0-10.0% nickel content) in structural application. The low nickel content attributes to low initial material cost and more stable price for ferritic stainless steel. A series of four-point bending tests was conducted on both square and rectangular hollow sections to investigate the flexural performance of cold-formed ferritic stainless steel hollow sections. The experimental results obtained from this test program and the available data in the literature on cold-formed ferritic stainless steel beams were …
North American Standard For The Design Of Profiled Steel Diaphragm Panels, 2016 Edition, American Iron And Steel Institute
North American Standard For The Design Of Profiled Steel Diaphragm Panels, 2016 Edition, American Iron And Steel Institute
American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) Specifications, Standards, Manuals and Research Reports (1946 - present)
No abstract provided.
North American Specification For The Design Of Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members, 2016 Edition, American Iron And Steel Institute
North American Specification For The Design Of Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members, 2016 Edition, American Iron And Steel Institute
American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) Specifications, Standards, Manuals and Research Reports (1946 - present)
No abstract provided.
Direct Strength Prediction Of Cold-Formed Steel Beam-Columns, American Iron And Steel Institute
Direct Strength Prediction Of Cold-Formed Steel Beam-Columns, American Iron And Steel Institute
American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) Specifications, Standards, Manuals and Research Reports (1946 - present)
The Direct Strength Method (DSM) of cold-formed steel member design employs local, distortional, and global cross-section elastic buckling analysis with empirically derived “direct” expressions to predict member strength. DSM is an accepted design method in national design specifications (e.g., AISI-S100-16) and enables a unified, robust, and flexible design approach. However, for beam-columns DSM in current design specifications employs simplified linear interaction expressions based on combining the isolated axial and bending elastic buckling and strength response. Today, local, distortional, and global elastic buckling under any combination of axial load and bending moments may be found using elastic buckling analysis tools such …
Characterization Of Cfs Framed Diaphragm Behavior, American Iron And Steel Institute
Characterization Of Cfs Framed Diaphragm Behavior, American Iron And Steel Institute
American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) Specifications, Standards, Manuals and Research Reports (1946 - present)
Knowledge of the in-plane response to loading of cold-formed steel (CFS) framed diaphragm structures is essential for seismic and wind design. The information available specific to diaphragm design in the North American CFS design standards (AISI S240 & S400) is based on limited experimental work and the extrapolation of design methods developed for the wood industry. To address this shortcoming a test-based research project was performed in the Jamieson Structures Laboratory at McGill University focusing on the characterization of the behaviour under in-plane loading of CFS framed - wood sheathed diaphragms. This research was a complementary study to a research …
Ccfss Special Edition Technical Bulletin Summer 2016, Wei-Wen Yu Center For Cold-Formed Steel Structures
Ccfss Special Edition Technical Bulletin Summer 2016, Wei-Wen Yu Center For Cold-Formed Steel Structures
CCFSS Technical Bulletins (1993 - 2020)
No abstract provided.
Temperature And Strain Measurements With Fiber Optic Sensors For Steel Beams Subjected To Fire, Yi Bao, Yizheng Chen, Matthew S. Hoehler, Christopher M. Smith, Matthew F. Bundy, Genda Chen
Temperature And Strain Measurements With Fiber Optic Sensors For Steel Beams Subjected To Fire, Yi Bao, Yizheng Chen, Matthew S. Hoehler, Christopher M. Smith, Matthew F. Bundy, Genda Chen
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
This paper presents measurements of high temperatures using a Brillouin scattering based fiber optic sensor and large strains using an extrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometric sensor for assessing the thermo-mechanical behaviors of simply supported steel beams subjected to combined thermal and mechanical loading. The distributed fiber optic sensor captures detailed, non- uniform temperature distributions that are compared with thermocouple measurements resulting in an average relative difference of less than 5 % at 95 % confidence level. The extrinsic Fabry- Perot interferometric sensor captures large strains at temperatures above 1000 C. The strain results measured from the distributed fiber optic sensors and extrinsic …
Effect Of The Inherent Eccentricity In Single-Lap Direct-Shear Tests Of Pbo Frcm-Concrete Joints, Tommaso D'Antino, Lesley Sneed, Christian Carloni, Carlo Pellegrino
Effect Of The Inherent Eccentricity In Single-Lap Direct-Shear Tests Of Pbo Frcm-Concrete Joints, Tommaso D'Antino, Lesley Sneed, Christian Carloni, Carlo Pellegrino
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Investigation of the bond between fiber reinforced composites and the substrates onto which they are applied is of critical importance to understand their failure mechanisms. The bond behavior can be studied using different experimental test set-ups; the most commonly used are the single-lap and double-lap direct-shear tests. Although single-lap shear tests are simpler to carry out than double-lap shear tests, the presence of an eccentricity between the pulling and restraining forces leads to a mixed mode fracture process at the interface, which may influence the results. This study investigates the eccentricity effect on the bond behavior of fiber reinforced cementitious …
Shear Behavior Of High-Strength Self-Consolidating Concrete In Nebraska University Bridge Girders, Alex Griffin, John J. Myers
Shear Behavior Of High-Strength Self-Consolidating Concrete In Nebraska University Bridge Girders, Alex Griffin, John J. Myers
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Current reinforced and prestressed concrete design equations were developed for conventional concrete elements. Self-consolidating concrete (SCC) typically contains a lower coarse aggregate content and size than conventional concrete, which potentially hinders the aggregate interlock contribution to a concrete's shear strength. Thus, shear design equations must be verified with SCC mixtures. Two full-scale precast, prestressed concrete Nebraska University girders were tested to assess the shear behavior of high-strength SCC. Both girders were designed to permit two tests on each girder, both with and without shear reinforcement. Ultimate shear loads and crack patterns were documented and compared with code estimates, finite element …
Post-Repair Seismic Assessment Of Rc Bridges Damaged With Fractured Column Bars - A Numerical Approach, Ruili He, Yang Yang, Lesley H. Sneed
Post-Repair Seismic Assessment Of Rc Bridges Damaged With Fractured Column Bars - A Numerical Approach, Ruili He, Yang Yang, Lesley H. Sneed
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Seismic repair of reinforced concrete (RC) bridge columns has been studied extensively during the past several decades; however, few studies have been conducted on the influence of the column repair (member level) on the post-repair performance of bridge structures (system level). In a previous experimental study by the authors, a method was developed to rapidly repair severely damaged RC bridge columns to enable the quick reopening of the bridge to emergency traffic. Thus, a lower limit state was used for the repair design, so that the lateral strength and drift capacity of a repaired RC column with fractured longitudinal bars …
Resistance Of Arc Spot Welds -- Update To Provisions, American Iron And Steel Institute
Resistance Of Arc Spot Welds -- Update To Provisions, American Iron And Steel Institute
American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) Specifications, Standards, Manuals and Research Reports (1946 - present)
The provisions of the AISI S100-12 standard for strength of arc spot welds loaded in shear and tension have not been revised since the 1999 standard. Since then, four new research studies have created and tested arc spot welded connections, expanding the database of available tests. Therefore, a reconsideration of both the resistance equations and the resistance and safety factors using the enlarged data base was undertaken. This study performed a comprehensive analysis of the entire arc spot weld data base, where 450 specimens were categorized by their respective failure modes to assess current AISI S100-12 resistance equations. Performance of …
Resistance Of Arc Spot Welds – Update To Provisions, B. Paige Blackburn, Thomas Sputo, Cevyn Meyer
Resistance Of Arc Spot Welds – Update To Provisions, B. Paige Blackburn, Thomas Sputo, Cevyn Meyer
American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) Specifications, Standards, Manuals and Research Reports (1946 - present)
The American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) Standards Council selected this project as one of four winning research proposals for its 2015 Small Project Fellowship Program. Project selections were based on several factors, including the potential for long-term impact on the industry; steel industry engagement and co-funding; and results for the AISI standards development committee, the student, and the academic institution. The objective of this project was to evaluate the provisions for determining the strength of arc spot welds in light of recent research studies. It is anticipated that the results of this study will impact the provisions in future …
Influence Of The Substrate Characteristics On The Bond Behavior Of Pbo Frcm-Concrete Joints, Tommaso D'Antino, Lesley H. Sneed, Christian Carloni, Carlo Pellegrino
Influence Of The Substrate Characteristics On The Bond Behavior Of Pbo Frcm-Concrete Joints, Tommaso D'Antino, Lesley H. Sneed, Christian Carloni, Carlo Pellegrino
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Fiber Reinforced Cementitious Matrix (FRCM) composites can be employed as a valid alternative to Fiber Reinforced Polymers (FRP) composites for strengthening existing reinforced concrete (RC) structures. The weakness of FRCM-concrete joints has been reported to be at the matrix-fiber interface rather than within the concrete substrate, as is usually reported in the case of FRP-concrete joints. The experimental investigations regarding FRCM strengthening available in the literature have been performed by applying the FRCM composite onto a surface that was treated before the application, usually by grinding or sandblasting. However, the role of the substrate characteristics on the failure mechanism of …
North American Standard For Cold-Formed Steel Framing -- Nonstructural Members, 2015 Edition, American Iron And Steel Institute
North American Standard For Cold-Formed Steel Framing -- Nonstructural Members, 2015 Edition, American Iron And Steel Institute
American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) Specifications, Standards, Manuals and Research Reports (1946 - present)
No abstract provided.
North American Standard For Cold-Formed Steel Structural Framing, 2015 Edition, American Iron And Steel Institute
North American Standard For Cold-Formed Steel Structural Framing, 2015 Edition, American Iron And Steel Institute
American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) Specifications, Standards, Manuals and Research Reports (1946 - present)
No abstract provided.
North American Standard For Seismic Design Of Cold-Formed Steel Structural Systems, 2015 Edition With Supplement 1, American Iron And Steel Institute
North American Standard For Seismic Design Of Cold-Formed Steel Structural Systems, 2015 Edition With Supplement 1, American Iron And Steel Institute
American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) Specifications, Standards, Manuals and Research Reports (1946 - present)
No abstract provided.
Standard For Cold-Formed Steel Framing -- Prescriptive Method For One- And Two-Family Dwellings, 2015 Edition, American Iron And Steel Institute
Standard For Cold-Formed Steel Framing -- Prescriptive Method For One- And Two-Family Dwellings, 2015 Edition, American Iron And Steel Institute
American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) Specifications, Standards, Manuals and Research Reports (1946 - present)
No abstract provided.
A Comparison Of The Bond Behavior Of Pbo-Frcm Composites Determined By Double-Lap And Single-Lap Shear Tests, Lesley Sneed, T. D'Antino, C. Carloni, C. Pellegrino
A Comparison Of The Bond Behavior Of Pbo-Frcm Composites Determined By Double-Lap And Single-Lap Shear Tests, Lesley Sneed, T. D'Antino, C. Carloni, C. Pellegrino
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
This paper presents the results of an investigation on the bond behavior and stress-transfer mechanism of polyparaphenylene benzo isoxazole (PBO) fiber-reinforced cementitious matrix (FRCM) composites bonded to a concrete substrate using double-lap and single-lap shear tests. Results of double-lap shear tests with different composite bonded lengths and widths are presented and compared with those from single-lap shear tests previously reported by the authors. The idealized load response developed from single-lap shear tests is found to characterize the response of the composite in double-lap shear tests, although with a few key differences. With the double-lap shear test, load redistribution among the …
Test Standard For Joist Connectors Attached To Cold-Formed Steel Structural Framing, 2015 Edition, American Iron And Steel Institute
Test Standard For Joist Connectors Attached To Cold-Formed Steel Structural Framing, 2015 Edition, American Iron And Steel Institute
American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) Specifications, Standards, Manuals and Research Reports (1946 - present)
No abstract provided.
Test Standard For Cold-Formed Steel Framing -- Nonstructural Interior Partition Walls With Gypsum Board, 2015 Edition, American Iron And Steel Institute
Test Standard For Cold-Formed Steel Framing -- Nonstructural Interior Partition Walls With Gypsum Board, 2015 Edition, American Iron And Steel Institute
American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) Specifications, Standards, Manuals and Research Reports (1946 - present)
No abstract provided.
Test Standard For Through-The-Web Punchout Cold-Formed Steel Wall Stud Bridging Connectors, 2015 Edition, American Iron And Steel Institute
Test Standard For Through-The-Web Punchout Cold-Formed Steel Wall Stud Bridging Connectors, 2015 Edition, American Iron And Steel Institute
American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) Specifications, Standards, Manuals and Research Reports (1946 - present)
No abstract provided.
Code Of Standard Practice For Cold-Formed Steel Structural Framing, 2015 Edition, American Iron And Steel Institute
Code Of Standard Practice For Cold-Formed Steel Structural Framing, 2015 Edition, American Iron And Steel Institute
American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) Specifications, Standards, Manuals and Research Reports (1946 - present)
No abstract provided.
Strain Distribution And Crack Detection In Concrete Overlays With Pulse Pre-Pump Brillouin Optical Time Domain Analysis, Yi Bao, Genda Chen
Strain Distribution And Crack Detection In Concrete Overlays With Pulse Pre-Pump Brillouin Optical Time Domain Analysis, Yi Bao, Genda Chen
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
This report is focused on the measurement of strain distributions and crack detection in unbonded and bonded pavement overlays. The main objectives of this study are: (a) to characterize the strain sensing properties of distributed fiber optic sensors with recently developed pulse pre-pump Brillouin optical time domain analysis (PPP-BOTDA), (b) to develop an installation method for real world applications, (c) to document the performance of the PPP-BOTDA technology in unbonded/bonded pavement applications, and (d) to develop a numerical model to facilitate the analysis of mechanical behavior of unbonded pavement overlay under vehicle wheel loads. A thin concrete layer can be …
Advancing Seismic Simulation Of Cold-Formed Steel Framed Buildings, American Iron And Steel Institute
Advancing Seismic Simulation Of Cold-Formed Steel Framed Buildings, American Iron And Steel Institute
American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) Specifications, Standards, Manuals and Research Reports (1946 - present)
The objective of this research is to create a computationally efficient seismic analysis framework for cold-formed steel (CFS) framed-buildings supported by hysteretic nonlinear models for CFS members and screw-fastened connections. Design of CFS structures subjected to lateral seismic forces traditionally relies on the strength of subassemblies subjected to lateral loading of systems, such as strapped/sheathed shear walls and diaphragms, to provide adequate protection against collapse. Enabling performance-based seismic design of CFS buildings requires computationally efficient and accurate modeling tools that predict the nonlinear cyclic behavior of CFS buildings, the individual CFS components and connections. Such models should capture the energy …
Load Bearing Clip Angle Design, Cheng Yu, Mohamad Yousof, Mahsa Mahavian
Load Bearing Clip Angle Design, Cheng Yu, Mohamad Yousof, Mahsa Mahavian
American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) Specifications, Standards, Manuals and Research Reports (1946 - present)
The material contained herein has been developed by researchers based on their research findings. The material has also been reviewed by the American Iron and Steel Institute Committee on Specifications for the Design of Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members. The Committee acknowledges and is grateful for the contributions of such researchers. The material herein is for general information only. The information in it should not be used without first securing competent advice with respect to its suitability for any given application. The publication of the information is not intended as a representation or warranty on the part of the American Iron …
Load Bearing Clip Angle Design, American Iron And Steel Institute
Load Bearing Clip Angle Design, American Iron And Steel Institute
American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) Specifications, Standards, Manuals and Research Reports (1946 - present)
The report presents a comprehensive research project aimed at developing design methods for three limit states of cold-formed steel clip angles: shear, compression, and pull-over of the screw connections. For each limit state, a test program was conducted to investigate the behavior, strength, and deflection of the clip angles. The test results were compared with existing design methods for members similar to, but not exactly the same as, cold-formed steel clip angles. It was found that none of the existing methods worked well for the tested clip angles, therefore new design methods were developed for each of the three limit …
Direct Strength Method For Steel Deck, Randall Keith Dudenbostel, Thomas Sputo, Walter Schultz
Direct Strength Method For Steel Deck, Randall Keith Dudenbostel, Thomas Sputo, Walter Schultz
American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) Specifications, Standards, Manuals and Research Reports (1946 - present)
The American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) Standards Council selected this project as one of four winning research proposals for its 2014 Small Project Fellowship Program. Projectselections were based on several factors, including the potential for long-term impact on the industry; steel industry engagement and co-funding; and results for the AISI standards development committee, the student, and the academic institution. The objective of this project was to determine and compare the behavior and usable strength of existing floor and roof deck sections with both the Direct Strength Method (DSM) and Effective Width Method (EWM). It is anticipated that the results …