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Articles 181 - 210 of 363
Full-Text Articles in Geotechnical Engineering
Geotechnical Characterization Of A Soft Clay Soil Subjected To A Preloading Embankment, Antonio Cavallaro, Salvatore Grasso, Valentina Lentini, Michele Maugeri
Geotechnical Characterization Of A Soft Clay Soil Subjected To A Preloading Embankment, Antonio Cavallaro, Salvatore Grasso, Valentina Lentini, Michele Maugeri
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The paper presents the geotechnical characterization of a clay soil subjected to a preloading embankment for the construction of an industrial electronics building in the industrial area (STM M6) of Catania (Sicily, Italy). To determine the geological profile and the geotechnical characteristics of the soil, the site was well investigated by means of in situ and laboratory tests. The following in situ geotechnical tests were carried out: Borings, SPT, CPT, PLT and dynamic in situ tests have been performed. Among them Down-Hole (D-H), Cross-Hole (C-H), SASW and recently Seismic Dilatometer Marchetti Tests (SDMT) have been carried out, with the aim …
Lessons Learned From Closing Three Major Landfills – The Devil Really Is In The Details, R. Jeffrey Dunn
Lessons Learned From Closing Three Major Landfills – The Devil Really Is In The Details, R. Jeffrey Dunn
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
During the past 30 years the author has been involved in a number of landfill closure projects. No two were ever the same, and all were interesting. Three closure projects stand out for the level of effort involved, the rigor of regulatory review, and the issues that occurred during construction, a number of which could have been headed off during design. One site was a major hazardous waste disposal facility and Superfund site; the second, the Fresno Sanitary Landfill, was the oldest sanitary landfill for municipal solid waste in the United States, having opened in 1937 and is also a …
A Field Test Study On Under Water Vacuum Preloading Method, A. K. L. Kwong, X. F. Han, L. G. Tham, P. K. K. Lee, W. B. Zhao
A Field Test Study On Under Water Vacuum Preloading Method, A. K. L. Kwong, X. F. Han, L. G. Tham, P. K. K. Lee, W. B. Zhao
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Vacuum preloading technique incorporating prefabricated vertical drains is one of the most widely used ground improvement methods in the world for improving the engineering properties of soft clays. Although many successful on-shore cases on application of the technique have been reported, the effectiveness of applying the technique under water has not yet been investigated. Moreover, many technical and operation factors, that are playing important roles in vacuum consolidation, are also not yet fully understood. To study the feasibility of under water vacuum preloading, a large-scale field test was conducted. A 50 m by 50 m geo-membrane was laid under water …
Settlement Behaviour Of A Cement-Stabilised Malaysian Clay, Chee-Ming Chan, Siti Hajarahani Abdullah
Settlement Behaviour Of A Cement-Stabilised Malaysian Clay, Chee-Ming Chan, Siti Hajarahani Abdullah
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Soft clay soils often cause difficulties in construction operation with their low strength and low stiffness nature. However the engineering properties of these clay soils can be enhanced by adding ordinary Portland cement (OPC) for modification or stabilisation purposes. This paper describes the application of the cement stabilisation technique for improving the engineering properties of a soft Malaysian clay. The objectives of this study are two-fold: firstly, to study the settlement behaviour of the cement-treated clay using standard oedometers; and secondly, to explore the equal strain approach for predicting the settlement pattern of a stabilised columnar system for the clay. …
Earthquake Mitigation By Blast Densification, Ulrich La Fosse, Theodore Von Rosenvinge Iv
Earthquake Mitigation By Blast Densification, Ulrich La Fosse, Theodore Von Rosenvinge Iv
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
This paper presents a case study of blast densification of a site underlain by a loose, saturated, natural sand deposit. Densification was performed to mitigate the risk of liquefaction from earthquake-induced ground vibrations. The work was implemented as part of the design-build construction of the Marine Corps Reserve Training Center at the Westover Air Reserve Base in Chicopee, Massachusetts. Following review of preliminary subsurface data at the site, the contractor retained a team to design and implement ground improvement by blast densification. The team, led by a geotechnical engineering firm, included a blaster, a driller, and a cone penetrometer testing …
Soft Ground Improved By Rigid Vertical Piles. Experimental And Numerical Study Of Two Real Cases In France, M. Nuñez, D. Dias, R. Kastner, C. Poilpré
Soft Ground Improved By Rigid Vertical Piles. Experimental And Numerical Study Of Two Real Cases In France, M. Nuñez, D. Dias, R. Kastner, C. Poilpré
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Settlements remain the major concern during the construction and along the life of a roadway embankment built over soft soils. A foundation ground reinforced by a system of rigid piles is an effective solution; it reduces and homogenizes the surface settlements. Rigid piles reinforcement system has been strongly developed in France for the last fifteen years, however, confrontations of several design used methods highlighted important variations in results. This results in implementing a French National Research Project A.S.I.RI. (Grounds Improvement by Rigid Inclusions) gathering construction companies, engineering and design departments, universities and research centers. This project aims to propose guidelines …
Performance Study On Geosynthetic Reinforced Shallow Foundations, Sao-Jeng Chao
Performance Study On Geosynthetic Reinforced Shallow Foundations, Sao-Jeng Chao
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The inadequate bearing capacity and the excessive settlement problems of shallow foundations due to the weak soil conditions can be solved by employing the technique of reinforcing to strengthen the properties of the weak soil, which has become a cost-effective solution for civil engineering. This paper follows the processes of experimental work, site performance evaluation, and FEM numerical simulation to study the bearing capacities of the shallow foundations built on reinforced soils in the Ilan area, Taiwan. The purpose of this paper is to propose a relatively simple and economical technique to overcome the weak soil conditions. The eventual goal …
Testing And Stabilization Of Saline Sabkha Soils: A Review, Omar Saeed Baghabra Al-Amoudi
Testing And Stabilization Of Saline Sabkha Soils: A Review, Omar Saeed Baghabra Al-Amoudi
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Sabkha is one of the many types of evaporate regimes that exist around the globe. In addition to being distributed along the coasts, sabkha soils cover a number of continental depressions, both of which usually form in hot, arid climates and are associated with shallow groundwater tables. Sabkhas are well distributed locally and over the whole world. Sabkhas are characterized as being salt-full and water-sensitive soils. The presence of soluble salts makes the use of distilled water in testing these soils, as recommended by ASTM, etc., inappropriate. Further, sabkha soils possess low strength at their natural condition. Therefore, it would …
Geological Alterations And Chemical Treatment Of A Polluted Limestone Foundation, B. M. Al-Khailany, R. R. Al-Omari, W. F. Sagman
Geological Alterations And Chemical Treatment Of A Polluted Limestone Foundation, B. M. Al-Khailany, R. R. Al-Omari, W. F. Sagman
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
A large factory for the production of concentrated sulphuric acid is constructed in 1977 and located in the west of Iraq near Al-Kaim city. The footings carrying the installations rest on calcareous rocks which extend deep into the ground. For many years, about 1.5 tons per day of acid seeped and percolated into the ground apart from frequent accidents when larger amounts took their path down into the ground. A record of the footings movement revealed that the footings experienced significant heave and settlement indicating a cyclic movement which depends on the frequency of seepage. The results of the past …
Case History Of The Temporary Support Of An 11-Story Historic Building In Downtown Washington, Dc, David Rothenberg, Mamoud Hosseini
Case History Of The Temporary Support Of An 11-Story Historic Building In Downtown Washington, Dc, David Rothenberg, Mamoud Hosseini
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
In conjunction with the below-grade construction of a new office building at 1875 Pennsylvania Avenue in downtown Washington, D.C. an adjacent 11-story historic building was supported using a system of bracket piles, a transfer girder and flat jacks. Before Clark Foundations could begin work, an office building from the 1960’s was demolished. This paper will discuss the design, construction and performance of the 65-foot deep excavation support system for the new office building. Built at the turn of the century, the adjacent structure was first supported in 1960 by a series of bracket piles and a concrete grade beam. The …
Excavation And Shoring Support For The National Institutes Of Health East Redundancy Loop Project At Building 10 On N.I.H. Campus In Bethesda, Maryland, Cory Surber, Mo Hosseini
Excavation And Shoring Support For The National Institutes Of Health East Redundancy Loop Project At Building 10 On N.I.H. Campus In Bethesda, Maryland, Cory Surber, Mo Hosseini
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The National Institutes of Health (N.I.H.) Utility Tunnel development consists of an underground concrete utility vault (measuring approximately 44 ft long by 25 to 32 ft wide) and tunnel (measuring about 30 ft long by 16 ft wide). The overall structure extends 28 feet below existing grade and 16 feet below the existing tunnel located on the National Institutes of Health Campus in Bethesda, Maryland. The proposed tunnel/vault structure is supported by a 2.5 foot thick mat foundation. The top 24 feet of soil consists primarily of fill material, a mixture of silty sand and sandy silt with an underlying …
Jet Grouting For Mass Treatment To Support An Aggregate Stockpile Building Over Very Soft Clays, Ken Ivanetich, Lisheng Shao
Jet Grouting For Mass Treatment To Support An Aggregate Stockpile Building Over Very Soft Clays, Ken Ivanetich, Lisheng Shao
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
A gravel storage building and distribution facility was planned for construction at the West Parr yard located in the Port of Richmond, California. The general subsurface profile consists of a fill layer overlying a lens of young bay mud, a soft to med stiff silty clay and clayey silt. Below that lied a deeper dense clayey sand and stiff clay layer. The ground water table elevation observed in borings was approximately 7 to 10 feet below the current ground surface. Loads in excess of 3,500 psf would be applied to these strata and relatively tight settlements tolerances were necessitated to …
Foundations For Memorials And Monuments On The National Mall, Douglas W. Christie
Foundations For Memorials And Monuments On The National Mall, Douglas W. Christie
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
As the western end of the National Mall in Washington, DC was made by filling in portions of the Potomac River, memorials and monuments have required deep foundations. The site history including stream channels, canals, and materials used in filling various areas has had a large impact on the development of the Mall. Variations in geologic conditions along the Mall have affected the types of foundations used. One of the earliest structures, the Washington Monument, was sited to account for problem soils. Its foundation was underpinned during construction to compensate for low-strength soils. Shallow-founded portions of the Lincoln Memorial, the …
An Evaluation Of The Geotechnical Characteristics Of The Abutments Of A Proposed Bridge Across A 400-Meter River Channel In The Lower Niger Delta, Nigeria, So-Ngo Clifford Teme, Essien Ubong
An Evaluation Of The Geotechnical Characteristics Of The Abutments Of A Proposed Bridge Across A 400-Meter River Channel In The Lower Niger Delta, Nigeria, So-Ngo Clifford Teme, Essien Ubong
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The Niger Delta is situated in the southern-most section of Nigeria and forms the major crude oil reservoir of Nigeria. However, it is in most parts devoid of transportation routes. A proposed Trans-Kalabari Highway is expected to connect some of the communities located within the Mangrove (“Transition”) hydro-meteorological zone of the delta that is characterized by a network of rivers, creeks and rivulets. The left abutment of one of the bridges across a 400-meter wide river indicates that the sub-surface down to a depth of 30.00 meters at a distance of about 40.00 meters from the edge of the river …
Case Histories Paper: Jackup Rig Spud Can Penetration: A 6,000 Ton Load Test, Eric J. Parker, Francesco Mirabelli, Lorenzo Paoletti
Case Histories Paper: Jackup Rig Spud Can Penetration: A 6,000 Ton Load Test, Eric J. Parker, Francesco Mirabelli, Lorenzo Paoletti
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
One of the most exciting geotechnical problems for the offshore engineer is the prediction of mobile jack-up rig spud can penetration. Jack-up drilling rigs are used to drill offshore oil and gas wells in water depths up to about 100 m. The rigs are supported by circular “spud can” foundations fitted at the end of extendable platform legs. Upon arrival to the site the jack-up extends the legs to the sea floor and self-elevates out of the water. This action forces the spud cans into the seabed until soil capacity is attained. Prior to jacking the rig out of the …
Soil Improvement By Means Of Electro-Osmosis, Sven Hansbo
Soil Improvement By Means Of Electro-Osmosis, Sven Hansbo
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
In this paper, the theory about electro-osmotic treatment of soil is summarized. The correlation between conventional soil char-acteristics and the most important electro-osmotic parameters, soil resistivity and electro-osmotic permeability coefficient, is indicated. Two case records exemplify the correlation between theory and reality. One of the case records concerns improvement of the preconsolidation pressure of a clay layer situated underneath a lake, which had to be filled with sand to create a building site, 800 m2 in size, for a magazine to be built. The electrodes consisted of iron rails with a weight of 25 kg/m. No dewatering at the …
Use Of Sand Compaction Piles For Improvement Of A Coal Ash Pond, San-Shyan Lin, Chih-Jung Chien
Use Of Sand Compaction Piles For Improvement Of A Coal Ash Pond, San-Shyan Lin, Chih-Jung Chien
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Effects of sand compaction piles on ground improvement of a coal ash pond and axial performance on four drilled shafts through improved coal ash layer at a power plant in southern Taiwan is studied in this paper. Effects of the sand compaction piles improvement is evaluated by comparing the SPT-N values before and after ground improvement. The load versus displacement relation at head, the axial force along the shaft, the t-z curves and/or the toe q-z curve, which are the main concerns of shaft load test results, are presented and discussed in the paper.
Geotechnical Design Of An Offshore Gravity Base Structure, Gareth Swift
Geotechnical Design Of An Offshore Gravity Base Structure, Gareth Swift
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The paper focuses on the geotechnical design issues facing the design team responsible for the provision of an offshore Gravity Base Structure (GBS) to act as a clump weight for a Power Buoy located in the Lyell field of the northern North Sea, United Kingdom. The structure is to be positioned on the seabed, where ground conditions are considered variable but in general comprise of a surface layer of loose to very dense silty sand, underlain by a thick sequence of firm to very stiff sandy clay. Geotechnical data specific to the location of the GBS is limited; problems encountered …
Case Study Of The Changi East Land Reclamation Project, Singapore, A. Arulrajah, M. W. Bo, H. Nikraz
Case Study Of The Changi East Land Reclamation Project, Singapore, A. Arulrajah, M. W. Bo, H. Nikraz
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Since the early 1990’s till early 2000s, the Changi East Reclamation Project in the Republic of Singapore involved the filling of approximately 200 million cubic meters of sand for the reclamation of a total land area of about 2500 hectares. The land reclamation works were carried out in 5 phases. The edges of the newly reclaimed land in the project were either retained by vertical retaining structure or coastal shore protection rock bund with suitable slopes and berms. Land reclamation was carried out using fill materials derived from dredging granular material from the seabed at the borrow source. Prefabricated vertical …
Damage Of Railway Sleepers Under Dynamic Loads: A Case History From The Greek Railway Network, Konstantinos Giannakos
Damage Of Railway Sleepers Under Dynamic Loads: A Case History From The Greek Railway Network, Konstantinos Giannakos
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
In Greece, during the 1980’s, 60% of the twin-block concrete ties designed for 200 km/h, which were laid on a track with maximum operational speed of 140 km/h, presented serious cracks. The existing theories could not justify the appearance of these cracks since the calculated actions on ties were much lower than the limit values. It was found that the geotechnical conditions of the track substructure played a key role in the damage of the sleepers. In this paper a model for the determination of the load acting on the track’s superstructure is presented properly taking into account the geotechnical …
Failure Of Two High Embankments At Soft Soil Sites, Debasis Roy, Raghvendra Singh
Failure Of Two High Embankments At Soft Soil Sites, Debasis Roy, Raghvendra Singh
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Two highway bridge approaches, about 10 and 12 m in height, near Calcutta, India constructed with mechanically stabilized earth failed recently. These embankments were founded on soft and compressible, fine-grained soils of the intertidal flats and backswamps of the Ganges delta. One of these embankments, which failed in the final stages of its construction, was constructed after foundation soils were strengthened with preloading and prefabricated vertical drain installation and the other second embankment that failed within a month of its opening for traffic was constructed on unimproved ground. Fortunately, direct collateral damage from these incidents was small. Available geotechnical data …
Review Of Lunar Regolith Properties For Design Of Low Power Lunar Excavators, Leslie S. Gertsch, Jamal Rostami, Robert Gustafson
Review Of Lunar Regolith Properties For Design Of Low Power Lunar Excavators, Leslie S. Gertsch, Jamal Rostami, Robert Gustafson
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Lunar regolith is the product of the intermittent comminution of rocks over extremely long durations, and as such is very different from familiar terrestrial soils. A limited amount of information on lunar regolith was collected by the Apollo space program for a few locations. Additional data is required to design effective excavators to prepare outpost sites and to mine the feedstock for production of the material required for a self-sustaining crewed base on the moon. On-site manufacturing would reduce significantly the mass of material that must be launched from Earth. This paper discusses what is known and what is yet …
Ancient Landslide Reactivation At The Viaduct No. 1 Located On The Caraca-La-Guaira Highway In Venezuela, Luis B. Fargier-Gabaldón, Daniel A. Salcedo, Rosendo Camargo-Mora
Ancient Landslide Reactivation At The Viaduct No. 1 Located On The Caraca-La-Guaira Highway In Venezuela, Luis B. Fargier-Gabaldón, Daniel A. Salcedo, Rosendo Camargo-Mora
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Reactivation of an ancient landslide detected in 1987 affected the southern side of the Viaduct No.1 located in the Caracas-La Guaira highway, which connects Caracas, capital of Venezuela, with its main seaport and the Simon Bolivar International Airport. The Viaduct was built in 1953 and covered a gorge of approximately 300 m. It consisted of three parallel double-hinged arch ribs made of plain concrete spanning over approximately 152 m and two smaller access Viaducts on either side of the arch rib span. This paper summarizes the results from geotechnical investigation, the evaluation of inclinometers readings and surface control points and …
Deterioration Of Bored Cast In Situ Piles Due To Aggressive Water, V. T. Ganpule, S. Y. Mhaiskar
Deterioration Of Bored Cast In Situ Piles Due To Aggressive Water, V. T. Ganpule, S. Y. Mhaiskar
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Most of the data available from the cement industry and the literature exhibits performance of concrete cubes cured in normal water. Even the literature related to the durability of concrete deals mostly with concrete cured in normal water (closer to potable water in characteristics). However, the bored-cast-in-situ piles are cured in the ground water. The development of strength of concrete of bored cast-in-situ piles depends upon the quality of ground water. The effect of sulphates and chloride is well established and most of the codes stipulate permissible limits of pH, sulphates and chlorides contents in the ground water. In the …
Benefits Of Case Based Instruction In Undergraduate Geotechnical Education, D. T. P. Phillips
Benefits Of Case Based Instruction In Undergraduate Geotechnical Education, D. T. P. Phillips
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The staged incorporation of appropriate case histories is one of the tools utilised at the University of Limerick to educate construction management & engineering students. This paper presents the author’s experience of introducing case histories in the first year of the four-year Bachelors Degree programme and the subsequent adoption of a case-based instruction approach on an introductory module in geology and soil mechanics. A post-module student survey indicates increased enthusiasm for the subject matter and a clear understanding of how key geotechnical concepts such as compaction theory and bearing capacity influence construction projects. This is a valuable module outcome for …
Implications Of Swelling Clays On Asphalt Pavement Performance In Colorado, Scott Shuler
Implications Of Swelling Clays On Asphalt Pavement Performance In Colorado, Scott Shuler
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Asphalt pavements constructed directly over high plasticity clays appear to be more susceptible to premature cracking parallel to the gutter on curb and gutter pavement cross sections than pavements with crushed stone bases. This paper describes five factors common to two sites studied that may be contributors to this early distress. These factors are: cracking is top-down; moisture content of the subgrade soils beneath the cracks is higher than optimum; density of the subgrade soils beneath the cracks is lower than optimum; subgrade soils are highly plastic; full-depth construction; and all pavements had curb and gutter typical sections. In addition, …
Educating Students Through Understanding The Pathology Of Geotechnical Projects, Mohamed Djebbi, Mounir Bouassida
Educating Students Through Understanding The Pathology Of Geotechnical Projects, Mohamed Djebbi, Mounir Bouassida
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Three projects of end of studies which are related to soil mechanics pathology case histories were undertaken by students at civil engineering department of National Engineering School of Tunis. The two first projects dealt with Joumine and Sidi Saâd earth dams cases. For Joumine dam, concrete slabs of the spillway have been affected by serious disorders. The first disorder is related to the swelling nature of soil foundation of concrete slabs. The second disorder is attributed to high excess pore pressure responsible of slabs up risings. As solution the jet grouting technique was designed to eliminate high pore pressure in …
From Case Histories To Conceptual Models, Liaqat Ali, Sarfraz Ali
From Case Histories To Conceptual Models, Liaqat Ali, Sarfraz Ali
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Geotechnical engineering deals with complicated and highly variable set of engineering principles. A typical geotechnical engineering project comprises site characterization, foundation / soil treatment design, execution, monitoring and quality control systems. Unlike some other civil engineering designs, highly variable soil conditions make a geotechnical designs an iterative and repetitive process which in-turn make these designs cost and time intensive. Economy and optimization of geotechnical designs are dependent on comprehensive site characterization and evaluation of multiple alternatives. Availability of up-to-date data sets of geotechnical case histories covering entire spectrum; from techniques / technologies to results can help reduce both cost and …
Exploring Case Histories: Chocolatetown, Pa, Matthew Mauldon, Kristin Brennan
Exploring Case Histories: Chocolatetown, Pa, Matthew Mauldon, Kristin Brennan
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Case histories are invaluable components of civil engineering education in general and geotechnical engineering education in particular. They provide real world context for engineering methodologies studied in class, and serve as vehicles for discussing ancillary issues related to cost, communication, logistics, and many other factors. As commonly used in university courses, however, students encounter case histories as observers, and often on a fairly superficial level. Learning of concepts and methods, on the other hand, best takes place through active learning rather than through passive observation. To maximize their effectiveness as teaching tools, many case histories can be cast in a …
Use Of Case Histories To Enhance Practical Geotechnical Engineering, Liaqat Ali, Sarfraz Ali
Use Of Case Histories To Enhance Practical Geotechnical Engineering, Liaqat Ali, Sarfraz Ali
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
A geotechnical case history is a complete cycle; spread over events such as, investigation, design, execution, completion, and monitoring, of understudy project. In case histories the events are continuously monitored, evaluated, modified (if required), executed and corresponding responses / effects are recorded. Case histories help us learn from the past without living in the past, their analysis envision us to enhance practical engineering in the present and future. A geotechnical case history may be performed in an organizational framework or initiated by an interested research engineer in an individual capacity. In all circumstances; a case history would aim at exploring …