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Full-Text Articles in Geotechnical Engineering
Dynamic Cross Interaction Effect Piles, Surendra Kumar
Dynamic Cross Interaction Effect Piles, Surendra Kumar
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Performance study of a machine foundation for 11,000 cpm, high speed, synthesis gas compressor has been carried out to verify the maximum amplitudes of vibrations determined from the dynamic analysis. The frame type concrete foundation rests on a group of concrete piles. The concrete piles are of 0.45 m dia, 17 m long, driven cast-in-situ. The paper reports the difference in the observed and computed amplitudes which may be due to the interaction of the neighbouring foundation on which the another compressor is running simultaneously.
Dynamic Response Of An Actual Hammer Foundation, A. S. Arya, S. Saran, S. Bandyopadhyay
Dynamic Response Of An Actual Hammer Foundation, A. S. Arya, S. Saran, S. Bandyopadhyay
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
During the operation of Hammers and other shock producing machines, strong dynamic effects are generated which depend on the interaction between the different elements of the system. A simple two-degree of freedom system comprising of mass and spring, may offer reasonable result. Better result may be obtained by Wave Equation approach. This paper compares these two numerical schemes with the observed behavior of one Belt-drop stamping hammer.
Geotechnical Services For A Bridge In A Seismic Area, Filippo Ciuffi
Geotechnical Services For A Bridge In A Seismic Area, Filippo Ciuffi
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The purpose of this paper is to describe the different stages and the final results of the geotechnical investigations and foundation design for a bridge in a seismic area, in the south of Italy. Particular attention is given to the procedure followed to study dynamic soil-pile interaction. Also described in summary fashion are a number of “borehole shear tests” carried out and their results.
Influence Of Pile Driving On Characteristics Of Liquefiable Soils, Qiao Taiping, Liu Huishan
Influence Of Pile Driving On Characteristics Of Liquefiable Soils, Qiao Taiping, Liu Huishan
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
This paper offers a case of pile foundation supporting a 18-storied building rested on liquefiable sandy layers. The soil densities and the bearing capacities of piles both increased after pile driving. It is suggested that the influence of densification caused by pile driving should be considered in the case of dense spacing and large amount of piles. The formulas for sand piles are suggested for primary estimation of densification effect of pile driving.
In-Situ Determination Of Dynamic Properties Of Soil For Foundation Of A Turbo-Generator, V. D. Miglani
In-Situ Determination Of Dynamic Properties Of Soil For Foundation Of A Turbo-Generator, V. D. Miglani
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The paper presents a case history of performance and analysis of results of vertical & horizontal resonance tests on a standard concrete block in a well, for in-situ determination of dynamic properties of soil required for design of a turbo-generator, under unusual conditions of high water table. Pumping from the two wells constructed for lowering the water level was not enough and pumping from within the main well had to be resorted to bring down the water level to a little below the top surface of the model block. As expected, amplitude versus frequency curves for vertical resonance test showed …
Reliability Of A Wave Equation Analysis In The Estimation Of Static Bearing Capacity Of A Vertical Pile--A Case Study, S. Bandyopadhyay, M. K. Gupta, A. S. Arya
Reliability Of A Wave Equation Analysis In The Estimation Of Static Bearing Capacity Of A Vertical Pile--A Case Study, S. Bandyopadhyay, M. K. Gupta, A. S. Arya
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Application of wave equation, in the analysis of pile behavior, under dynamic loading has started with Smith [9]. This paper presents a modified explicit numerical scheme, based on Smith's approach, which retains the simplicity and minimum storage requirement of Smith's scheme but offers a faster and more accurate solution near critical time step. Bearing capacity of pile is estimated through Poulos [8) scheme, after evaluating dynamic properties of soil from set value through this modified scheme. Observed load test results establish a good promise for this analysis.
The Effect Of Foundation Shape On Dynamic Parameter Of Bases, Duan Shiwei
The Effect Of Foundation Shape On Dynamic Parameter Of Bases, Duan Shiwei
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
It has been proved that the shape of foundation and its base side ratio affect the dynamic rigidity of sliding-rotation vibration of bases. Based on plenty of laboratory tests in a small sides the computing formulas of rigidity and damping of base considering the effect of base side ratio are put forward.
Theory And Experiment Of Hammer Foundation Vibration, Pan Fulan
Theory And Experiment Of Hammer Foundation Vibration, Pan Fulan
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The foundation of 1~16t hammer have been calculated with five calculation models and compared with the test data of the foundation and anvil for the hammer 1t, 2t, 3t, 5t, 10t and 16t built on the loess clayey loam stratum. The results show: (1) In the design of hammer foundation, calculation with model of two-degree-freedom and damped agrees rather better with the actual measurement. (2) The coefficient of subgrade compression rigidity increases with the increase of the depth of soil stratum. Both accurate calculations of the coefficient of subgrade compression rigidity and effected depth under the hammer foundation are most …
A Foundation Failure In Philadelphia, W. B. Fergusson, E. F. Glynn
A Foundation Failure In Philadelphia, W. B. Fergusson, E. F. Glynn
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The foundation failure of the 22 story, steel framed, federal courthouse in Philadelphia occurred because of an inadequate geotechnical assessment of a complex geological condition. The founding elevations for caissons were improperly determined on materials that could not sustain the design load. This condition was further complicated by the presence of groundwater and poor concrete construction practices. These conditions resulted in an extensive and costly remedial measures which included a grouting program and the replacement of 14 faulty caissons.
Anchored Bulkhead Failure On The Arabian Gulf, Jonathan J. Grosch, Khalifa S. Al-Yahyai
Anchored Bulkhead Failure On The Arabian Gulf, Jonathan J. Grosch, Khalifa S. Al-Yahyai
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
A 1500-m long anchored bulkhead with a height of 20m exhibited a localized failure in the form of broken and overstressed anchors several months after construction. The wall had not yet been subjected to its full design loadings. The soil conditions in the failure area differ from those occurring along the rest of the quay wall by the presence of a very soft silt/clay layer, and during construction the wall had been strengthened in this area. Post-failure analysis of the anchored bulkhead indicated that the primary cause of the failure was overly optimistic design assumptions for the strength of the …
Behavior Of Buried Concrete Box Culvert, Y. S. Kim, P. Y. Thompson
Behavior Of Buried Concrete Box Culvert, Y. S. Kim, P. Y. Thompson
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The centrifuge model technique is used to evaluate the behavior of a 5-in. X 5-in. concrete box culvert under a 4-in. backfill soil. Two different types of soil installations are studied: embankment and trench. Results of the centrifuge model study for both installations are compared with each other, and with predictions of a finite element code, CANDE (Culvert ANalysis and DEsign). Furthermore, the influence of soil stiffness for backfill is studied. The results of CANDE analyses including a nonlinear constitutive model for characterizing soil and incremental construction w1th a symmetric mesh are reported.
Behavior Of Ground Anchors For Taipei Sedimentary Soils, J. C. Li, H. L. Yao, L. P. Shi, B. I. Shy
Behavior Of Ground Anchors For Taipei Sedimentary Soils, J. C. Li, H. L. Yao, L. P. Shi, B. I. Shy
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Seven ground anchors were installed for full scale field tests in Taipei Railway Underground Project. The soil at job site can generally be classified as silty clay or clayey silt. The length of the anchors was about 40 m each, including 23 m bond length. The borehole diameter was 125 mm and the designed borehole inclination was 26 degrees downward. Each of the anchors was expected to share approximately 300 to 400 kN of tie-back force to support the diaphragm wall during excavation. Investigation of the borehole inclination was carried out by using horizontal inclinometer. The distribution of skin friction …
Caisson Load Test And Instrumentation Program – Sohio Corporate Headquarters, Barry R. Christopher, Clyde N. Baker Jr.
Caisson Load Test And Instrumentation Program – Sohio Corporate Headquarters, Barry R. Christopher, Clyde N. Baker Jr.
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The Sohio Corporate Headquarters building foundations in Cleveland, Ohio are relatively unique, involving as they do some of the deepest caissons on record, combined with a socket friction design. This paper reports the performance of a full-scale load test and the results of instrumentation programs performed to evaluate the design and performance of 240-ft (73 m) deep rock socket caissons at the Sohio Corporate Headquarters building project. The load test was carried out to 2.5 times the theoretical design capacity and the results are reviewed in terms of both total capacity and the individual design parameters, such as socket friction. …
Case Studies Through Material Modelling And Computation, C. S. Desai
Case Studies Through Material Modelling And Computation, C. S. Desai
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
This paper describes a number of case studies by using numerical procedures conducted by the author and his co-workers over a number of years. The case studies involve a wide range of static and dynamic stress-deformation, seepage and stability, and consolidation problems. The numerical procedures use simple linear and nonlinear elastic models, to advanced but simplified hierarchical plasticity based models for geologic materials and interfaces/joints. The evolution from the use of simple to advanced models is guided by the realization that it is essential to employ models that are capable of handling the complexities in geotechnical systems. In addition to …
Common-Sense Foundation Design, Sven Hansbo
Common-Sense Foundation Design, Sven Hansbo
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
In this paper, two case records are presented as an illustration of the advantages of using what one might call "common sense" foundation design. The first case is an illustrative example of the detrimental effects on older buildings that can be caused by traditional piling in non-cohesive soil. The possibilities of avoiding damage by application of a less rigid foundation design method are discussed. Thus, having access to more sophisticated soil investigation methods than those originally used, it can be shown that a mixed foundation, partly on settlement reducing piles and partly on shallow footings would have been possible. The …
Existing Pile Load Capacity Evaluation, Alan Kropp
Existing Pile Load Capacity Evaluation, Alan Kropp
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
An evaluation of the capacity of piles supporting an existing five-story building became necessary when heavy new shear walls were proposed for the structure. Data regarding these piles was obtained from the soil investigation report for the project, from two pile load tests at the site, and from driving records for 229 production piles. Additional information was derived from soil borings and pile load tests for two adjacent buildings. Calculations were made of the anticipated pile capacities of piles at load test locations, and empirical correction factors developed to modify the calculated values to match the load test results. The …
Foundation Failure Of The St. Thomas Church, New Delhi, Devendra Sharma
Foundation Failure Of The St. Thomas Church, New Delhi, Devendra Sharma
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The St. Thomas Church was built in 1933 in New Delhi. By oversight it was founded on a graveyard having graves at two levels. The comparatively heavy rains of 1958 and 1964 showed wide spread damage by differential settlement and tilting of tower. During the investigations in 1959 by the Central Building Research Institute, Roorkee, the earlier history of the site and church was examined. It was found that excessive damage had occurred in 1943 also and underpinning of foundations and buttressing of walls was done to arrest it. Collapse of graves below the foundations was the reason for damage …
Geotechnical Investigation Into Causes Of Failure Of A Gabion Retaining Wall, Edward A. Nowatzki, Brian P. Wrench
Geotechnical Investigation Into Causes Of Failure Of A Gabion Retaining Wall, Edward A. Nowatzki, Brian P. Wrench
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
This paper describes the post-failure analysis of a 26m long x 4m high gabion retaining wall located in a suburb of Johannesburg, South Africa. The wall had been built just beyond the toe of a natural slope with most of the gabion units resting on the bed of a small river. The river bed soils consisted of approximately 2.5 m of soft, dark-grey, silty clay underlain by massive granite bedrock. The water table at the toe of the wall was within 0.1 m of the river bed surface. Failure of the wall occurred over the weekend after backfilling to grade …
Ground Response To Sheet Pile Installation In Clay, Richard J. Finno, Dimitrios K. Atmatzidis, Steven M. Nerby
Ground Response To Sheet Pile Installation In Clay, Richard J. Finno, Dimitrios K. Atmatzidis, Steven M. Nerby
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The effects of sheet pile installation on an adjacent cohesive soil mass are described herein. Observations indicate that driving sheet pile caused pore pressures to double at some locations. These pore pressures extended further than reported in previous studies concerning driven piles. Initially pore pressures rapidly dropped, but dissipation slowed after this initial adjustment. Inclinometer and extensometer data indicate that the clay was laterally displaced up and away from the sheeting causing the ground surface to heave. The impact of this behavior on subsequent stress changes during excavation is discussed.
Partial Underpinning A Five-Storey Building, Phung Duc Long, Nguyen Van Quang, Bo Berggren
Partial Underpinning A Five-Storey Building, Phung Duc Long, Nguyen Van Quang, Bo Berggren
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Partial underpinning is often not accepted because of dangerous damage that may be caused by the redistribution of stresses in the superstructure. A five-storey building was partially underpinned successfully. To give stability to the building only a small number of piles, about 70% fewer than with the conventional method, were used. The results observed have proved the success of the partial underpinning.
Performance Evaluation Of Pile Foundation Using Cpt Data, Keith D. Tucker
Performance Evaluation Of Pile Foundation Using Cpt Data, Keith D. Tucker
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The Southern California Edison Company (SCE) has utilized cone penetrometer test (CPT) data for design of concrete drilled shafts and driven piles at various facilities over the past seven years with substantial cost savings in field exploration and foundation design. This paper incorporates a performance evaluation of drilled shafts and driven piles to predict the uplift load versus deflection curves based on the embedded length to diameter ratio of each foundation. A revised design methodology is presented to correlate the side friction values from CPT data with field uplift load test results in granular and cohesive soils.
Performance Of Foundations And Retaining Structures, Daniel P. Gado, George P. Kelley, John J. Mcelroy
Performance Of Foundations And Retaining Structures, Daniel P. Gado, George P. Kelley, John J. Mcelroy
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The design, construction, and performance of several building foundations and temporary earth retaining structures located in the downtown area of White Plains, New York are presented in this paper. High rise structures were supported on shallow mat or spread foundations bearing on erratic saturated alluvial silt and sand deposits. Additionally, the construction of two and three level underground parking structures required the use of cantilevered and braced excavation support systems to retain the adjacent streets and utilities. Several assumptions were required to design and predict the performance of the building foundations and retaining structures. The accuracy of these assumptions was …
Post-Tensioned Caissons Permit Interstate Construction: A Case History, A. Joseph Nicholson Jr., John R. Wolosick
Post-Tensioned Caissons Permit Interstate Construction: A Case History, A. Joseph Nicholson Jr., John R. Wolosick
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Due to severe right of way restrictions associated with the relocation and widening of Interstate 85 in Atlanta Georgia, a special post-tensioned caisson retaining wall was constructed within 12 inches of an adjacent parking garage and office building. National Foundation Company's design for the twenty foot high retaining structure was used in lieu of an L-shaped cantilevered concrete retaining wall that required extensive temporary shoring for construction. The caisson wall was instrumented and monitored during and after construction using slope indicators and optical survey.
Predicting Performance Of Large-Diameter Buried Flexible Pipes: Learning From Case Histories, Koon Meng Chua, Larry J. Petroff
Predicting Performance Of Large-Diameter Buried Flexible Pipes: Learning From Case Histories, Koon Meng Chua, Larry J. Petroff
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Analytical approaches to predicting pipe deflections are based on the predetermined pipe properties, the anticipated soil properties and on the assumption that the specified installation configuration can be met. However, in-place pipe deflections do often deviate from the predicted. This paper summarizes the observations made from more than twenty case histories of entrenched large-diameter flexible high density polyethylene pipes and discusses the effects of construction methods and site conditions on pipe performance. Procedures are also presented on how site conditions and construction methods can be accounted for when using the TAMPIPE (Texas A&M PIPE) method and the Spangler's method. Procedures …
Reconstruction Of The Settlement History Of Building, G. Hannink
Reconstruction Of The Settlement History Of Building, G. Hannink
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Although it is a well-known fact that buildings can settle, it is often not known how much settlement has occurred since the construction. Three case studies in the Netherlands are presented which deal with the following questions: has the settlement process stopped or is it continuing and if so, what settlements can still be expected in the future? All three cases show large settlements of up to a maximum of 0.8 m since construction. This paper shows how the magnitude of the settlement since the construction can be reconstructed by analysing settlement data, covering only a relatively short period of …
The Failure Of Oil Storage Tanks And Their Control, Stanislav Dovnarovitch, Yurji Ivanov
The Failure Of Oil Storage Tanks And Their Control, Stanislav Dovnarovitch, Yurji Ivanov
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The paper discusses of some results of flexible footings and their models behaviour in the case of loading-unloading cycles applied to them. The revealed effects have been used to explain the causes of some tanks failures. It has been shown that one of the possible causes is the difference between the displacements of the tank bottom and soil under it following unloading and subsequent loading. A simple technique has been proposed to prevent the failures that can be easily applied when constructing the tanks. The application of the technique both eliminates the causes of the failures and greatly reduces the …
Geotechnical Studies Of Foundation Of A Tilted Tank At Parikshatgarh, India, G. C. Nayak, B. Singh, P. K. Jain
Geotechnical Studies Of Foundation Of A Tilted Tank At Parikshatgarh, India, G. C. Nayak, B. Singh, P. K. Jain
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
An overhead tank of 200 KL capacity and 9 m staging was constructed in year 1975 at the ancient historical site at Parikshatgarh, Meerut, India. The depth of foundation is 1.6 m and inner and outer diameters of annular raft is 6.8 m and 10.3 respectively. In year 1978, the overhead tank was observed to be tilted. Detailed geotechnical studies have been conducted in 1987 to find out the causes of tilting of the tank and tilts have been measured every month for last one year. It is interesting to note that in spite of severe tilt of 4.3 cm/meter …
Settlement Predictions In Residual Soils By Dilatometer, Pressuremeter And One-Dimensional Compression Tests: Comparison With Measured Field Response, Roy H. Borden, William J. Sullivan, Weichen Lien
Settlement Predictions In Residual Soils By Dilatometer, Pressuremeter And One-Dimensional Compression Tests: Comparison With Measured Field Response, Roy H. Borden, William J. Sullivan, Weichen Lien
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
A case study investigating settlement predictions based on data from one dimensional compression, pressuremeter (PMT) and dilatometer (DMT) tests is presented. A relationship is established between PMT and DMT evaluated moduli and the standard penetration N values. These relationships are utilized in the settlement computations. The predictions obtained by each method are compared to the actual measured settlement. The column location at which settlement observations were made was instrumented with strain gages to measure the actual applied loads. A comparison between actual and design loads is made. Settlement predictions using PMT were performed utilizing two different existing approaches. A distinction …
Settlements In A Masonry Villa Caused By Trees, Filippo Ciuffi
Settlements In A Masonry Villa Caused By Trees, Filippo Ciuffi
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Cracks in the masonry walls of a one storeyed villa due to foundation deformations are investigated in this paper. Particular attention is given to the analysis of the unusual causes of settlement.
Some Case Histories In Urban And Rural Geotechnical Engineering, S. I. Tsien
Some Case Histories In Urban And Rural Geotechnical Engineering, S. I. Tsien
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
This paper presents several aspects of engineering performances including satisfactory, unsatisfactory but later remedied, and failure experiences in the fields of building foundation, underground construction, and slope stability problems. These projects were completed in China in the past decade. Five case records of performance are used as illustrative examples. Further research work are finally suggested.