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International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

Articles 151 - 180 of 181

Full-Text Articles in Civil Engineering

Influence Of Fly Ash On Surface Chloride Concentration Under Shallow Immersion Condition, Jun Liu, Xiaodong Wang, Feng Xing, Ningxu Han Jul 2014

Influence Of Fly Ash On Surface Chloride Concentration Under Shallow Immersion Condition, Jun Liu, Xiaodong Wang, Feng Xing, Ningxu Han

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

In this paper, the influence of fly ash content on concrete surface chloride concentration was investigated through periodical tests of surface chloride concentration of concrete by immersing three kinds of concrete specimens in 5.0 wt.% sodium chloride solution. One kind of specimen is common concrete without fly ash, whereas the other two kinds of specimens are mixed with fly ash. The results show that the surface chloride ion concentration ranges from 0.295 to 0.777 wt.% for the immersed concrete samples in this study; in the initial stage of immersion, the concrete surface chloride ion concentration is affected by added fly …

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Effects Of Stirrups On Bond Behavior Between Concrete And Corroded Steel Bars, Hongwei Lin, Yuxi Zhao, Ming Sun Jul 2014

Effects Of Stirrups On Bond Behavior Between Concrete And Corroded Steel Bars, Hongwei Lin, Yuxi Zhao, Ming Sun

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

Steel corrosion leads to the deterioration of bond between concrete and steel bars. The serviceability and ultimate strength of concrete elements within RC structures are hence affected. Many researchers have studied the bond behavior of corroded steel bars. However, very few studies have investigated the effects of confinements on the degradation of bond strength. The present paper proposed a new kind of beam specimen based on which the effects of stirrups on degradation of bond were investigated. The test results proved that stirrups can effectively increase the bond strength between concrete and corroded steel bars.

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Saturation Of Air Entrained Voids And Its Implication On The Transport Of Ionic Species In Concrete, Yiwen Bu, Jason Weiss Jul 2014

Saturation Of Air Entrained Voids And Its Implication On The Transport Of Ionic Species In Concrete, Yiwen Bu, Jason Weiss

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

Air entrainment is commonly used to improve the durability of concrete materials exposed to freezing and thawing. While the influence of air voids on freeze/thaw damage and salt scaling is frequently studied, the influence of entrained air voids on ionic transport has been studied less frequently. Since ionic transport in concrete materials relies on pore fluid as the medium of conduction, only saturated or partially saturated air voids participate in the transport processes. This paper discusses the conditions under which air voids could become saturated. Specifically, the saturation condition of entrained air voids in laboratory tests and in service is …

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Visualization And Quantification Of Solute Diffusivity In Cracked Concrete By X-Ray Ct, Michael Henry, T. Sugiyama, I. S. Darma Jul 2014

Visualization And Quantification Of Solute Diffusivity In Cracked Concrete By X-Ray Ct, Michael Henry, T. Sugiyama, I. S. Darma

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

This paper explores the usage of microfocus X-ray computed tomography (CT) for visualization and quantification of diffusion phenomena in cracked concrete. Mortar specimens of varying shapes (prismatic and cylindrical), crack types (artificial and splitting tensile), and binder compositions (OPC and fly ash) were prepared. Cesium carbonate (Cs2CO3) was used as a tracer in the diffusion test because it has high X-ray absorption due to its high atomic number and thus contrasts with mortar and air voids in the CT images. Image processing and analysis was carried out to visualize and quantify the diffusion behavior in 3D …

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Effect Of Blast Furnace Slag Powder And Fly Ash On Durability Of Concrete Mixed With Seawater, Nobuaki Otsuki, Takahiro Nishida, Chang Yi, Tomohiro Nagata, Hiroki Ohara Jul 2014

Effect Of Blast Furnace Slag Powder And Fly Ash On Durability Of Concrete Mixed With Seawater, Nobuaki Otsuki, Takahiro Nishida, Chang Yi, Tomohiro Nagata, Hiroki Ohara

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

According to the report of the United Nations, it is said that two-third of world population would be influenced by water shortage before 2050. To use fresh water effectively, the usage of seawater in concrete industry seems imperative. However, the usage of seawater as concrete material is prohibited in almost all the standards or specifications around the world. In this article, the usage of seawater as a material of concrete based on the results of experimental works and deterioration prediction was discussed. Especially, the effects of by-products such as blast furnace slag or fly ash on the durability of concrete …

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Surface Treatment Of Cement-Based Materials With Nanosio2, Pengkun Hou, Xin Cheng, Jueshi Qian, Surendra P. Shah Jul 2014

Surface Treatment Of Cement-Based Materials With Nanosio2, Pengkun Hou, Xin Cheng, Jueshi Qian, Surendra P. Shah

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

A dense surface structure of cement-based material is favorable for its resistance to the impacts of environment. In this work, effectiveness and mechanisms of the surface treatment of cement-based materials with nanoSiO2 of different states, that is, colloidal nanoSiO2 (CNS) and the in situ formed nanoSiO2 gel through the hydrolysis of its precursor of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), by brushing and soaking techniques, were investigated. Results showed that both CNS and TEOS are capable of reducing the liquid and gaseous transport properties of hardened cement-based materials, although at a different extent. It revealed that the pozzolanic reactivity and the …

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Research On Embedded Sensors For Concrete Health Monitoring Based On Ultrasonic Testing, Shifeng Huang, Mimi Li, Yuesheng Xu, Dongyu Xu, Xinchun Xie, Xin Cheng Jul 2014

Research On Embedded Sensors For Concrete Health Monitoring Based On Ultrasonic Testing, Shifeng Huang, Mimi Li, Yuesheng Xu, Dongyu Xu, Xinchun Xie, Xin Cheng

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

In this article, embedded ultrasonic sensors were prepared using 1–3-type piezoelectric composite and piezoelectric ceramic as the piezoelectric elements, respectively. The frequency bandwidth of the novel embedded ultrasonic sensors was investigated. To obtain the relationship between the receiving ultrasonic velocity and compressive strength, as well as their response signals to crack damage, the sensors were fabricated and embedded into the cement mortar before testing. The results demonstrated that the piezoelectric composite sensor had wider frequency bandwidth than the piezoelectric ceramic sensor. The compressive strength and ultrasonic velocity had a positive linear relationship, with a correlation coefficient of 0.9216. The head …

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Review Of Microbially Induced Corrosion And Comments On Needs Related To Testing Procedures, Mitchell House, W. J. Weiss Jul 2014

Review Of Microbially Induced Corrosion And Comments On Needs Related To Testing Procedures, Mitchell House, W. J. Weiss

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

Concrete is the most widely used material for the construction of the wastewater collection, storage, and treatment infrastructure. The chemical and physical characteristics of hydrated Portland cement may make it susceptible to degradation under highly acidic conditions. As a result, some concrete wastewater infrastructure may be susceptible to a multistage degradation process known as microbially induced corrosion (MIC). MIC begins with the production of aqueous hydrogen sulfide (H2S(aq)) by anaerobic sulfate-reducing bacteria present below the waterline. H2S(aq) partitions to the gas phase where it is oxidized to sulfuric acid by the aerobic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria Thiobacillus that resides on concrete surfaces …

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Numerical Simulation Of The Early Age Three-Dimensional Microstructure Development Of Cement Pastes, Yunsheng Zhang, Zhiyong Liu, Wei Sun Jul 2014

Numerical Simulation Of The Early Age Three-Dimensional Microstructure Development Of Cement Pastes, Yunsheng Zhang, Zhiyong Liu, Wei Sun

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

The formation process of microstructure in cement pastes was first simulated with a numerical model CEMHYD3D. The influence of water-to-cement ratio and particles size on heat release and degree of hydration were then investigated. In addition, the mass of CH and C–S–H phases simulated have been verified by measuring values by thermogravimetry–differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD)-Rietveld analysis. The evolutions of solids phase percolation and capillary pores de-percolation were also identified by means of a three-dimensional (3D) numerical model. The results show that the simulated values are in good agreement with the available experimental data, indicating a good …

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Study On Variable Action Value Standard For Harbor Infrastructures, Xiaoping Zhong, Qianyi Zhao, Weiliang Jin Jul 2014

Study On Variable Action Value Standard For Harbor Infrastructures, Xiaoping Zhong, Qianyi Zhao, Weiliang Jin

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

To meet with different levels of requirements from proprietors and users and to offer a basis for variable action value to the designers, associated with the standards, this dissertation studied the value standard of load effect and environmental effect. For load effect, on the foundation of analyzing variable load effect model, we used equal exceeding probability principle to calculate the load adjustment coefficient for the cargo loading in harbor and river port under different designing service life. For environmental effect, according to the ranks of marine chloride environment in standards GB/T 50476-2008, after analyzing and comparing the research achievements on …

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Application Of Nanomechanical Methods In Investigation Of C–S–H Gel/Cement Grain Interface, Jing Xu, David J. Corr, Surendra P. Shah Jul 2014

Application Of Nanomechanical Methods In Investigation Of C–S–H Gel/Cement Grain Interface, Jing Xu, David J. Corr, Surendra P. Shah

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

Investigation on the mechanical properties of cement-based materials at micron and submicron scales is important for understanding the overall performance, particularly of high-performance concrete (HPC). Due to low water-tocement ratio of HPC, a large amount of unhydrated cement grains remain in matrix, and a significant impact of the interface between C–S–H gel and cement grains on concrete behavior could be expected. Recent progress in experimental nanomechanics opens new access to nanoengineering of cement-based composites. In this paper, nanoindentation and viscoelastic modulus mapping were used to study the interfacial properties. The interface width measured by modulus mapping was around 200 nm …

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Revised Model Of Chloride Diffusion In Concrete Bridge By Considering Complex Action Of Load And Chloride Binding Capacity, Yiqiang Xiang, Dongmei Guo Jul 2014

Revised Model Of Chloride Diffusion In Concrete Bridge By Considering Complex Action Of Load And Chloride Binding Capacity, Yiqiang Xiang, Dongmei Guo

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

Coastal concrete bridges will suffer from deterioration of RC structural performance and resistance attenuation because of the chloride penetration and other environment factors. This article discusses current different chloride diffusion models and puts forward the revised model of chloride diffusion in concrete bridge by considering the complex action of load influence and chloride-binding capacity. Comparison of numerical predicted values and relative experimental tests show the presented chloride diffusion model to be more accurate. It provides a theoretical basis for the performance assessment and accurate prediction of the remaining life of highway concrete bridges.

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Effect Of Aggregate Gradation With Fuller Distribution On Properties Of Sulfoaluminate Cement Concrete, Chenchen Gong, Jie Zhang, Shoude Wang, Wen Zong, Lingchao Lu Jul 2014

Effect Of Aggregate Gradation With Fuller Distribution On Properties Of Sulfoaluminate Cement Concrete, Chenchen Gong, Jie Zhang, Shoude Wang, Wen Zong, Lingchao Lu

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

Aggregate, the main ingredient of concrete, has a great effect on mechanical property and durability of concrete. Sulfoaluminate cement has lots of special properties such as high early-age compressive strength, fast hydration and setting rate, and hydration with slight swelling. But effect of aggregate gradation with Fuller distribution on properties of sulfoaluminate cement concrete was seldom studied. Hence, in this paper, experimental investigations on mechanical property and durability of sulfoaluminate cement concrete with aggregate gradations according to Fuller distribution were presented. Fuller distribution of aggregates was beneficial to the close packing of aggregates, and the packing density was changed by …

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Effect Of Transverse Crack On Chloride Penetration Into Concrete Subjected To Drying–Wetting Cycles, Chunhua Lu, Y. Gao, R. G. Liu Jul 2014

Effect Of Transverse Crack On Chloride Penetration Into Concrete Subjected To Drying–Wetting Cycles, Chunhua Lu, Y. Gao, R. G. Liu

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

In this paper, several transversely cracked RC beams, self-anchored in a three-point bending mode, were prepared and subjected to NaCl solution drying–wetting cycles. Based on two experimental results obtained after 15 and 30 cycles, respectively, the profiles of free chloride concentration at different sections of sound and cracked concretes were presented and analyzed. The depth of surface convection zone in cracked concretes subject to chloride drying–wetting cycles is about 10–20 mm, which may increase gradually with the increasing of crack width. Then, it can be found that the speed of chloride penetration in concrete will be increased by cracks. Based …

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Surface And Uniaxial Electrical Measurements On Layered Cementitious Composites Having Cylindrical And Prismatic Geometries, Robert Spragg, Scott Z. Jones, Chiara Villani, Kenneth A. Snyder, Dale P. Bentz, Amire Poursaee, Jason Weiss Jul 2014

Surface And Uniaxial Electrical Measurements On Layered Cementitious Composites Having Cylindrical And Prismatic Geometries, Robert Spragg, Scott Z. Jones, Chiara Villani, Kenneth A. Snyder, Dale P. Bentz, Amire Poursaee, Jason Weiss

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

Electrical measurements are becoming a common method to assess the transport properties of concrete. For a saturated homogenous system, the surface resistance and the uniaxial resistance measurements provide equivalent measures of resistivity once geometry is appropriately taken into account. However, cementitious systems are not always homogenous. This article compares bulk and surface resistance measurements in cementitious materials intentionally composed of layered materials (i.e., layers with different resistivities). For this study, layered systems were composed of paste and mortar layers, representing the heterogeneity that can exist in the surface layers of field applications as a result of differences in moisture content, …

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Experimental Research On Corrosion-Induced Cracking Monitoring Based On Optical Fiber Sensor, Mao Jianghong, Jin Weiliang, Xiong Yanjun, Wang Qi, Yong He, Zhang Jun Jul 2014

Experimental Research On Corrosion-Induced Cracking Monitoring Based On Optical Fiber Sensor, Mao Jianghong, Jin Weiliang, Xiong Yanjun, Wang Qi, Yong He, Zhang Jun

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

Corrosion-induced cracking is a widely existent issue for coastal infrastructure, which leads to its advanced failure. The monitoring of corrosion-induced cracking is an important means of evaluating its influence on structure normal use and safe operation. However, traditional sensors such as strain gage are unsuitable to embed into concrete and to record long-term strain of concrete caused by steel bar corrosion. The optical fiber sensor, Brillouin Optical Time Domain Analysis (BOTDA) can effectively avoid the undetected phenomenon existing in point-wise test method, and it has the characteristic of automated monitoring. The optical fiber sensor is also electrical insulation and anti-electromagnetic …

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Numerical Simulation Method For Fracture Effect Of Corroded Steel Strand Under Tension, Fumin Li, Yaxu Qu, Yu Zhao, Rong Lu Jul 2014

Numerical Simulation Method For Fracture Effect Of Corroded Steel Strand Under Tension, Fumin Li, Yaxu Qu, Yu Zhao, Rong Lu

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

Steel strand presents characteristic pitting corrosion in chloride environment, which leads PC structures to a serious structural failure even with light presentational corrosion. So it is necessary to analyze the fracture effect of steel strand caused by pitting corrosion. The theoretical analyses are difficult for the presence of complicated threedimension pits, so numerical method becomes a feasible choice. A numerical simulation method for fracture effect of corroded steel strand under tension by the ANSYS software is introduced in this paper, which contains mainly four issues such as fracture criterion, constitutive relation, geometrical models, and simplified mechanical models. The Mises strain …

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Nondestructive Integrated Ct-Xrd Method For Research On Hydrated Cement System, Takafumi Sugiyama, T. Hitomi, K. Kajiwara Jul 2014

Nondestructive Integrated Ct-Xrd Method For Research On Hydrated Cement System, Takafumi Sugiyama, T. Hitomi, K. Kajiwara

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

A nondestructive integrated CT-XRD method has been developed and used to study hydrated cement system. In this research, a beam line (BL) at the third-generation synchrotron radiation facility, SPring-8, in Japan, was used. First, X-ray computed tomography (CT) was employed to obtain three-dimensional (3D) images and select a region of interest (ROI) in a given plane section of the hardened cement paste. Then, X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) was conducted on the specified region. These operations were implemented in situ without the removal of specimen from the stage inside the BL. The hardened cement paste was precracked and then leached by …

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Research On Chloride Penetration Resistance Of Phosphoaluminate Cement Concrete, Wu-Jian Long, Ning Xu Han, Da Wang Li, Feng Xing, Ya-Man Zhao Jul 2014

Research On Chloride Penetration Resistance Of Phosphoaluminate Cement Concrete, Wu-Jian Long, Ning Xu Han, Da Wang Li, Feng Xing, Ya-Man Zhao

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

The chloride penetration resistance of phosphoaluminate cement (PAC) concrete was investigated in this study. The effects of mixture proportioning parameters, including cement content, water–cement ratio (w/c), and superplasticizer content on chloride ion penetration resistance of PAC concrete were investigated by the rapid chloride migration test (RCM). The result shows that the increase of cement content and the decrease of w/c can reduce the coefficient of chloride ion penetration of PAC concrete at a certain range. Moreover, the penetration of chloride ion can be declined effectively when polycarboxylate superplasticizer is employed. The PAC concrete exhibited better chloride penetration resistance compared with …

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Tensile Bond Between Substrate Concrete And Normal Repairing Mortar Under Freeze–Thaw Cycles, Ye Qian, Dawei Zhang, Tamon Ueda Jul 2014

Tensile Bond Between Substrate Concrete And Normal Repairing Mortar Under Freeze–Thaw Cycles, Ye Qian, Dawei Zhang, Tamon Ueda

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

Concrete patch repair has long been used to repair the damaged concrete structures. In cold regions, freeze– thaw cycle is one of the major damage factors. Not only the material itself is damaged by freeze–thaw cycles, but also the adhesive interface, which is regarded as the weakest part of composite system, degrades under freeze–thaw cycles. Air entraining agent has long been used to increase the freeze–thaw resistance of concrete materials. However, the effect of air entraining agent on the adhesive interface under freeze–thaw cycles has not been explored. The degradation mechanism and failure mode of concrete repair system have not …

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Flexural Behavior Of Rc Beams Under Combined Effects Of Acid–Salt Mist And Carbon Dioxide, Wu Yuan-Zhou, Lv Heng-Lin, Fang Zhong-Nian Jul 2014

Flexural Behavior Of Rc Beams Under Combined Effects Of Acid–Salt Mist And Carbon Dioxide, Wu Yuan-Zhou, Lv Heng-Lin, Fang Zhong-Nian

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

The coupling effects of hydrochloric acid mist, carbon dioxide, and salt mist rich in Cl– and SO42– on the degradation of reinforcement concrete (RC) beams were researched with the simulation of colliery ground environment (CGE) and experimental investigation. The results indicated that carbonation of concrete and corrosion of rebar increased slowly as the maximum width of crack became <0.5 mm. Meanwhile, the flexural carrying capacity of the deteriorated beam decreased slightly, while the concrete strength got a small increase first and a large decrease of more than 20% quickly. As the width of crack exceeded 0.5 mm, each target changed rapidly except the carbonation depth. Because of the interaction of deteriorated concrete and corroded rebar, the crack width, and flexural behavior of the beams have discrete correlation with the corrosion of rebar. The failure mode of beams changed from the crushing of compression concrete to the yielding of rebar.

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Influence Of Micro And Macro Cracks Due To Sustained Loading On Chloride-Induced Corrosion Of Reinforced Concrete Beams, Junjie Wang, Sreejith V. Nanukuttan, P. A. Muhammed Basheer, Yun Bai Jul 2014

Influence Of Micro And Macro Cracks Due To Sustained Loading On Chloride-Induced Corrosion Of Reinforced Concrete Beams, Junjie Wang, Sreejith V. Nanukuttan, P. A. Muhammed Basheer, Yun Bai

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

Chloride-induced corrosion of steel is one of the most commonly found problems affecting the durability of reinforced concrete structures in both marine environment and where de-icing salt is used in winter. As the significance of micro-cracks on chloride induced corrosion is not well documented, 24 reinforced concrete beams (4 different mixes - one containing Portland cement and another containing 35% ground granulated blastfurnace slag at 0.45 and 0.65 water-binder ratios) were subjected to three levels of sustained lateral loading (0%, 50% and 100% of the load that can induce 0.1 mm wide cracks on the tension surface of beam - …

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Comparative Study Of Alkali-Activated Fly Ash Manufactured Under Pulsed Microwave Curing And Thermal Oven Curing, Shi Shi, Yun Bai, H. Li, D. L. Xu, P. A. Muhammed Basheer Jul 2014

Comparative Study Of Alkali-Activated Fly Ash Manufactured Under Pulsed Microwave Curing And Thermal Oven Curing, Shi Shi, Yun Bai, H. Li, D. L. Xu, P. A. Muhammed Basheer

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

This paper compares the alkali-activated fly ash (AAFA) manufactured with thermal oven curing and pulsed microwave curing methods. Fly ash activated by 8M NaOH solution at a liquid to solid ratio of 0.3 was cured by thermal oven at 85°C and domestic microwave oven, respectively. Apart from compressive strength test, the temperature profiles of AAFA samples were captured by thermal camera. Reaction products of AAFA were characterised with XRD, FTIR and TG/DTG, while the microstructure of AAFA was analysed by MIP and SEM. The results showed that with much shorter curing duration, the compressive strength of AAFA samples under microwave …

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Characterizing The Pore Structure Of Carbonated Natural Wollastonite, Chiara Villani, Robert Spragg, Raikhan Tokpatayeva, Jan Olek, W. Jason Weiss Jun 2014

Characterizing The Pore Structure Of Carbonated Natural Wollastonite, Chiara Villani, Robert Spragg, Raikhan Tokpatayeva, Jan Olek, W. Jason Weiss

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

This paper focuses on examining the pore structure of a cementitious paste made with a calcium silicate (wollastonite) that reacts with carbon dioxide and water to form a hardened solid. The pore structure of the hardened solid has been characterized using vapor sorption and desorption, low-temperature differential scanning calorimetry (LT-DSC), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The total porosity was also measured using mass measurement in oven-dry and vacuum-saturated conditions. Evidence exists that support the hypothesis that the solid has two main pore sizes: large macropores (>10 nm) appear to form between the initial calcium silicate particles and small micropores …

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Evaluation Of Structural Properties Of The Freeze–Thaw-Damaged Rc Beam Members By Nonlinear Finite-Element Analysis, Hiroshi Hayashida, Yasuhiko Sato, Tamon Ueda Jan 2014

Evaluation Of Structural Properties Of The Freeze–Thaw-Damaged Rc Beam Members By Nonlinear Finite-Element Analysis, Hiroshi Hayashida, Yasuhiko Sato, Tamon Ueda

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

On RC beam members damaged by freeze–thaw cycles, the authors performed nonlinear finite-element analysis using distributed reinforcement and smeared cracking models, toward evaluating the structural properties of such RC beams. We then compared the analysis results to test results. The comparison found that the accuracy of analysis depends on the severity of concrete deterioration. It was clarified that the test values do not agree with the analysis values for RC beams that experience shear rigidity reduction from freezing damage to the compressive area or for RC beams that experience decreased rebar–concrete bonding strength from freezing damage to the tensile area. …

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Research On Microscopic Pore Structure And Permeability Of Air-Entrained Fly–Ash Concrete Subjected To Freezing And Thawing Action, Zhuo Zhao, Dawang Li, Feng Xing, Ningxu Han, Dongwei Wang Jan 2014

Research On Microscopic Pore Structure And Permeability Of Air-Entrained Fly–Ash Concrete Subjected To Freezing And Thawing Action, Zhuo Zhao, Dawang Li, Feng Xing, Ningxu Han, Dongwei Wang

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

In this paper, rapid freezing and thawing test of air-entrained fly–ash concrete was carried out. Gas adsorption of concrete pores, mass loss, dynamic elastic modulus, and chloride diffusion coefficient of concrete after different freezing and thawing cycles was tested; scanning electron image was used to study the microscopic pore structure of the specimens. Results show that after certain freezing and thawing cycles, microscopic pores of the sample had a brittle failure, which results in sudden changes of cumulative desorption pore volume and cumulative desorption surface area obtained by Barrett, Joyner, and Halenda method. It was found that the variation of …

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Using Acoustic Emission To Quantify Freeze–Thaw Damage Of Mortar Saturated With Nacl Solutions, Ye Qian, Yaghoob Farnam, Jason Weiss Jan 2014

Using Acoustic Emission To Quantify Freeze–Thaw Damage Of Mortar Saturated With Nacl Solutions, Ye Qian, Yaghoob Farnam, Jason Weiss

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

Mortar samples were saturated with NaCl solutions of various concentrations and subjected to freeze– thaw cycles. Passive and active acoustic emission (AE) testing was conducted. The freezing temperature of the NaCl solutions in mortar corresponded with the sudden observation of passive AE events. The acoustic energy and damage parameter were calculated to evaluate the extent of freeze–thaw damage. The influence of the NaCl solution concentration and whether the solution freezes on freeze–thaw damage are discussed.

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Physical Model And Mesoscale Simulation Of Mortar And Concrete Deformations Under Freeze–Thaw Cycles, Fuyuan Gong, Evdon Sicat, Yi Wang, Tamon Ueda, Dawei Zhang Jan 2014

Physical Model And Mesoscale Simulation Of Mortar And Concrete Deformations Under Freeze–Thaw Cycles, Fuyuan Gong, Evdon Sicat, Yi Wang, Tamon Ueda, Dawei Zhang

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

The degradation of concrete material under multiple freeze–thaw cycles is an important issue for structures in cold and wet regions. This paper proposed a physical and mechanical model to explain the deformation behavior observed in previous experiments, from internal pressure calculation to mesoscale simulation, and for both closed and open freeze–thaw tests. Three kinds of internal pressures are considered in this study: hydraulic pressure due to ice volume expansion, crystallization pressure, and cryosuction pressure due to liquid–ice interface. The hydraulic pressure model combines Power’s model with poromechanical theories, which can well explain the reverse phenomenon (from expansion to contraction) observed …

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Concrete Carbonation And Chloride Resistance Under Initial Hot Water Curing, Guo Li, Xiaoling L. Li, Rongrong R. Wei, Jianmin M. Du, Xiaosuo S. Wu Jan 2014

Concrete Carbonation And Chloride Resistance Under Initial Hot Water Curing, Guo Li, Xiaoling L. Li, Rongrong R. Wei, Jianmin M. Du, Xiaosuo S. Wu

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

Three concrete mix proportions were designed and prepared, respectively, such as fly ash concrete (abbreviated as “FAC”) with 30% fly ash replacement ratio of cement, fly ash, and slag concrete (abbreviated as “FSC”) with each of 20% fly ash and slag replacement ratio and ordinary Portland cement concrete (abbreviated as “OPC”) for the research of carbonation and chloride resistance of concrete under different initial hot water curing. Specimens with precuring were put into 20°C water tank for curing firstly until a certain compressive strength of 14 MPa reached after demolding, while specimens without precuring were put into 40, 60, and …

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Freeze Thaw Durability Of Internally Cured Concrete Made Using Superabsorbent Polymers, Wesley A. Jones, W. Jason Weiss Jan 2014

Freeze Thaw Durability Of Internally Cured Concrete Made Using Superabsorbent Polymers, Wesley A. Jones, W. Jason Weiss

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

The use of superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) to produce internally cured concrete has been shown to be effective in reducing the potential for restrained shrinkage cracking of high performance concrete mixtures. However, not much is known regarding the freeze–thaw durability of concrete mixtures that incorporate SAPs for internal curing (IC). When SAP particles desorb (or partially desorb) the “water” (pore fluid) they contain for the purposes of IC, some believe that the void space created by these particles can provide enough empty voids to accommodate the additional volume caused by water expansion upon freezing. This paper investigates the freeze–thaw durability of …

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