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Articles 241 - 270 of 373
Full-Text Articles in Civil Engineering
Web-Based Tidal Toolbox Of Astronomic Tidal Data For The Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway, Esturaries Sic] And Continental Shelf Of The South Atlantic Bight, Alfredo Ruiz
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
A high-resolution astronomic tidal model has been developed that includes detailed inshore regions of the Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway and associated estuaries along the South Atlantic Bight. The unique nature of the model’s development ensures that the tidal hydrodynamic interaction between the shelf and estuaries is fully described. Harmonic analysis of the model output results in a database of tidal information that extends from a semi-circular arc (radius ~750 km) enclosing the South Atlantic Bight from the North Carolina coast to the Florida Keys, onto the continental shelf and into the full estuarine system. The need for tidal boundary conditions (elevation …
Developing A Retrofitting System To Mitigate Floodwall Failures Of New Orleans, James Tyler Kidd
Developing A Retrofitting System To Mitigate Floodwall Failures Of New Orleans, James Tyler Kidd
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
No abstract provided.
Seismic Tomography For The Integrity Assessment Of Earthen Dams And Levees., Leti Teklu Wodajo
Seismic Tomography For The Integrity Assessment Of Earthen Dams And Levees., Leti Teklu Wodajo
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Dams are a vital part of a nation's infrastructure. Considering the fact that many of the dams in the United States have approached or are approaching their projected life expectancy of 50 years, these critical infrastructures represent a risk to public safety. Minimizing this risk requires an ongoing safety inspection, monitoring, maintenance and rehabilitation program. This research examines the use of a non-invasive geophysical seismic method to provide additional information where the usual visual inspection is insufficient and the comboring investigation is not an option. Even though seismic techniques provide valuable information of the subsurface strata, the interpretation is not …
Experimental Damage Diagnosis Of A Model Three-Story Spatial Frame, Samantha Sabatino
Experimental Damage Diagnosis Of A Model Three-Story Spatial Frame, Samantha Sabatino
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Structural damage can be induced by a variety of events from short-term abnormal stresses to long-term natural aging. Detection of changes in a structure's ability to withstand subsequent loads can aid decisions on safety, repair, rehabilitation, and demolition. Dynamic property shifts can show internal cracks and minor damage before propagation or failure occurs, but only if a proper indicator is selected. In order to evaluate potential damage indices, a three-story metal frame building was constructed. Using Star Modal software, dynamic structural properties were obtained from modal decomposition on experimental tap test responses. The natural frequencies and mode shapes of the …
Column Capacity Evaluation For Low-Rise Moment Frame Steel Buildings In Mississippi Subject To Wind And Seismic Hazards, Yihong Shi
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
For the design of steel frame structures, AISC outlines approaches of second-order analysis. In this study, two of these approaches are considered: Amplified First-Order Analysis Method and Direct Analysis Method. The methods were studied using SAP2000. Amplification of moments in a two-story plane frame subject to a wind load case is computed using both methods and shown to be of comparable magnitude for small deformations. ASCE/SEI 7 and IBC provisions were used to develop lateral design load conditions for the frames. In this study, a hypothetical building was assumed to be constructed in four different locations (Southaven, Batesville, Jackson and …
Impact Of Hurricanes On Structures - A Performance Based Engineering View, Vijay Mishra
Impact Of Hurricanes On Structures - A Performance Based Engineering View, Vijay Mishra
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The magnitude of damage caused to the United States (US) coast due to hurricanes has increased significantly in the last decade. During the period 2004-2005, the US experienced seven of the costliest hurricanes in the country's history (NWS TPC-5, 2007) leading to an estimated loss of ~ $158 billion. The present method for predicting hurricane losses, HAZUS (HAZard US), is solely based on hurricane hazard and damage caused to building envelopes only and not to structural systems (Vickery et al., 2006). This method does not take into account an intermediate step that allows for better damage estimates, which is structural …
On The Use Of Polyurethane Matrix Carbon Fiber Composites For Strengthening Concrete Structures, Zachary Haber
On The Use Of Polyurethane Matrix Carbon Fiber Composites For Strengthening Concrete Structures, Zachary Haber
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composite materials have effectively been used in numerous reinforced concrete civil infrastructure strengthening projects. Although a significant body of knowledge has been established for epoxy matrix carbon FRPs and epoxy adhesives, there is still a need to investigate other matrices and adhesive types. One such matrix/adhesive type yet to be heavily researched for infrastructure application is polyurethane. This thesis investigates use of polyurethane matrix carbon fiber composites for strengthening reinforced concrete civil infrastructure. Investigations on mirco- and macro-mechanical composite performance, strengthened member flexural performance, and bond durability under environmental conditioning will be presented. Results indicate that polyurethane …
Transfer And Development Length Of Strands In Post-Tensioned Members After Anchor Head Failure, Elie El Zghayar
Transfer And Development Length Of Strands In Post-Tensioned Members After Anchor Head Failure, Elie El Zghayar
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Post-tensioning tendons in segmental bridge construction are often only anchored within the deviator and pier segments. The effectiveness of the post-tensioning (PT) system is therefore dependent on proper functioning of the anchorages. On August 28, 2000 a routine inspection of the Mid-Bay Bridge (Okaloosa County, Florida) revealed corrosion in numerous PT tendons. Moreover, one of the 19-strand tendons was completely slacked, with later inspection revealing a corrosion-induced failure at the pier anchor location. Anchorage failure caused all PT force to transfer to the steel duct located within the pier segment that in turn slipped and caused the tendon to go …
A Study Of The Strength Of Pervious Pavement Systems, Ikenna Uju
A Study Of The Strength Of Pervious Pavement Systems, Ikenna Uju
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This thesis presents a study on the strength properties of the different pervious pavement systems installed at the Stormwater Management Academy field laboratory at University of Central Florida (UCF), Orlando. The strength tests were performed both in the laboratory and in the field. Laboratory testing was conducted to determine the compressive strength and flexural strength of the various pavement surfaces. Evaluation of field pavement performance was performed by comparing the deflection basins using the Falling Weight Deflectometer test on pervious concrete and porous asphalt with conventional impervious concrete and asphalt pavements of similar layer profile and thickness, respectively. From literature …
Feasibility Study Of Lightweight High-Strength Hollow Core Balsa-Frp Composite Beams Under Flexure, Kevin O'Neill
Feasibility Study Of Lightweight High-Strength Hollow Core Balsa-Frp Composite Beams Under Flexure, Kevin O'Neill
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The United States of America's Military, more specifically the Army, has since the late 1990's had a vested interest in the development of super-lightweight, portable, short-span composite bridge and decking components to replace aging heavy metal-alloy machine driven modular systems. The following study looks at the feasibility of using balsa wood as the structural core material in fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) wrapped hollow-core composites in short-span bridge applications. The balsa provides shear resistance and the FRP the flexural resistance, resulting in extremely high strength-to-weight and strength-to-depth ratios. Several scaled short span specimens were constructed and tested using a variety of …
A Field Investigation For The Wind Load Performance Of Vegetated Greenroofs Using Monitoring Systems, Melike Minareci
A Field Investigation For The Wind Load Performance Of Vegetated Greenroofs Using Monitoring Systems, Melike Minareci
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Greenroof systems have been shown to be an environmentally friendly alternative based on various factors; such as, reduced lifecycle cost, improved air quality, ambient temperature reduction, stormwater management credit, sustainability and preservation of the environment. Recent research studies attempt to determine the construction methods of an ideal greenroof for environmental purposes, yet there is an absence of standards for the best design required to achieve acceptable structural performance and sustainability under wind loads. As a result, there is a need to document the effectiveness of greenroofs under high wind events by addressing the following questions: Do winds have an effect …
Modeling Of Transient Response Of An Elastic Beam With Flexible Supports And Variable-Location Impact, Weiping Xu
Modeling Of Transient Response Of An Elastic Beam With Flexible Supports And Variable-Location Impact, Weiping Xu
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This research is prerequisite to determining structural health and estimating wear-limited life of contact/impact machinery components. Prevention, or at least early notification, of impact-induced wear is essential for preventing economic loss and enhancing personnel safety. Thus, an efficient model which is discrete in time and continuous in space was undertaken; an euler-bernoulli beam with adjustable boundary conditions and variable impact is numerically studied under a pulse loading. Structural stiffness, material modulus, contact stiffness, contact location, damping ratio, pulse duration, clearance and boundary conditions are investigated. A reference system is used as the basis for parameter studies and solution convergence is …
Level-Of-Service And Traffic Safety Relationship: An Exploratory Analysis Of Signalized Intersections And Multiland High-Speed Arterial Corridors, Ana Almonte-Valdivia
Level-Of-Service And Traffic Safety Relationship: An Exploratory Analysis Of Signalized Intersections And Multiland High-Speed Arterial Corridors, Ana Almonte-Valdivia
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Since its inception in 1965, the Level-of-Service (LOS) has proved to be an important and practical "quality of service" indicator for transportation facilities around the world, widely used in the transportation and planning fields. The LOS rates these facilities' traffic operating conditions through the following delay-based indicators (ordered from best to worst conditions): A, B, C, D, E and F. This LOS rating has its foundation on quantifiable measures of effectiveness (MOEs) and on road users' perceptions; altogether, these measures define a LOS based on acceptable traffic operating conditions for the road user, implying that traffic safety is inherent to …
Investigation Of Damage Detection Methodologies For Structural Health Monitoring, Mustafa Gul
Investigation Of Damage Detection Methodologies For Structural Health Monitoring, Mustafa Gul
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) is employed to track and evaluate damage and deterioration during regular operation as well as after extreme events for aerospace, mechanical and civil structures. A complete SHM system incorporates performance metrics, sensing, signal processing, data analysis, transmission and management for decision-making purposes. Damage detection in the context of SHM can be successful by employing a collection of robust and practical damage detection methodologies that can be used to identify, locate and quantify damage or, in general terms, changes in observable behavior. In this study, different damage detection methods are investigated for global condition assessment of structures. …
Reduced Visibility Related Crashes In Florida: Crash Characteristics, Spatial Analysis And Injury Severity, Al-Ahad Ekram
Reduced Visibility Related Crashes In Florida: Crash Characteristics, Spatial Analysis And Injury Severity, Al-Ahad Ekram
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Roadway crashes related to vision obstruction due to fog/smoke (FS) conditions constitute a challenge for traffic engineers. Previous research efforts mostly concentrated on the snow and rain related crashes. Statistics show that Florida is among the top three states in terms of crashes due to vision obstruction by FS. This research culminated in a comprehensive study of fog and smoke related crashes in the state of Florida. The analysis took into account the crashes that occurred between 2003 and 2007 on Florida state roads. Spatial analysis and injury severity analysis have been conducted and significant results have been identified. The …
The Calibration, Validation, And Comparison Of Vissim Simulations Using The Two-Fluid Model, Jeremy Crowe
The Calibration, Validation, And Comparison Of Vissim Simulations Using The Two-Fluid Model, Jeremy Crowe
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The microscopic traffic simulation program VISSIM is a powerful tool that has been used by transportation engineers and urban planners around the world. A VISSIM simulation is meant to depict the performance of the physical road network through the use of modeling tools and behavioral parameters. The process which gets the model to the point of matching real world conditions is called calibration and requires a means of relating the real world to the simulated world. The topic of this thesis discusses a new means of calibration using the two-fluid model. The two-fluid model is a macroscopic modeling technique which …
Work Zone Effects On Performance Of A Toll Plaza, Jingyu Liu
Work Zone Effects On Performance Of A Toll Plaza, Jingyu Liu
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
No-lane closure workzone is typical during the construction of open road tolling lanes of a toll plaza. The influence of no-lane closure on toll plazas' performance is unknown because very few studies have been conducted to address this topic. The open road tolling (ORT) has become the new trend of operating an efficient toll plaza. So, the upgrading of a toll plaza from gated E-pass to open road E-pass has become common. The better the toll plaza authority knows about the influence of this construction and congestion effects, the better it can serve the costumers. This project mainly deals with …
A Gis Safety Study And A County-Level Spatial Analysis Of Crashes In The State Of Florida, Ali Darwiche
A Gis Safety Study And A County-Level Spatial Analysis Of Crashes In The State Of Florida, Ali Darwiche
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The research conducted in this thesis consists of a Geographic Information Systems (GIS) based safety study and a spatial analysis of vehicle crashes in the State of Florida. The GIS safety study is comprised of a County and Roadway Level GIS analysis of multilane corridors. The spatial analysis investigated the use of county-level vehicle crash models, taking spatial effects into account. The GIS safety study examines the locations of high trends of severe crashes (includes incapacitating and fatal crashes) on multilane corridors in the State of Florida at two levels, county level and roadway level. The GIS tool, which is …
Response Sensitivity Of Highway Bridges To Random Multi-Component Earthquake Excitation, Kyle Cronin
Response Sensitivity Of Highway Bridges To Random Multi-Component Earthquake Excitation, Kyle Cronin
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Highway bridges provide a critical lifeline during extreme seismic events and must maintain serviceability under a large range of earthquake intensities. Consequently, the advent of more computational power has allowed more advanced analysis approaches for predicting performance and vulnerability of highway bridges under these seismic loads. In traditional two-dimensional finite element analyses, it has been demonstrated that the incidence angle of the ground motion can play a significant role in structural response. As three-dimensional nonlinear time history analyses are used more frequently in practice, ground motions are still usually applied along a single bridge axis. It is unknown how three …
Estuarine Influence On Tidally Driven Circulation In The South Atlantic Bight, Peter Bacopoulos
Estuarine Influence On Tidally Driven Circulation In The South Atlantic Bight, Peter Bacopoulos
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
A high-resolution, finite element-based, shallow water equation model is developed to simulate the tides in the South Atlantic Bight. The model is constructed to include all of the estuarine features along the southeastern United States seaboard: coastal inlets, rivers and tidal creeks, sounds and lagoons, intertidal zones including salt marshes and mangrove swamps, and the Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway. The estuaries are represented in the finite element mesh using triangular elements with side lengths on the order of tens of meters. Also incorporated into the model is a spatially distributed bottom friction parameterization, based on the various landcover and benthic characteristics …
Flexural Mechanical Durability Of Concrete Beams Strengthened By Externally Bonded Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Sheets, Michael Olka
Flexural Mechanical Durability Of Concrete Beams Strengthened By Externally Bonded Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Sheets, Michael Olka
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
About 77,600 bridges throughout the United States in the Federal Highway Association (FHWA) bridge database are listed as structurally deficient. This has created a need to either replace or strengthen bridges quickly and efficiently. Due to high costs for total replacement of deficient bridges, strengthening of existing bridges is a more economical alternative. A technique that has been developing over the past two decades is the strengthening of bridges using carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) sheets. The CFRP sheets are attached to the bottom of the bridge girders using structural adhesives so that the CFRP becomes an integral part of …
Analysis Of The Physical Forcing Mechanisms Influencing Salinity Transport For The Lower St. Johns River, Derek Giardino
Analysis Of The Physical Forcing Mechanisms Influencing Salinity Transport For The Lower St. Johns River, Derek Giardino
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The focus of this thesis is the forcing mechanisms incorporated with salinity transport for the Lower St. Johns River. There are two primary analyses performed: a historical data analysis of primary forcing mechanisms to determine the importance of each individual influence, and a tidal hydrodynamics analysis for the Lower St. Johns River to determine the required tidal constituents for an accurate resynthesis. This thesis is a preliminary effort in understanding salinity transport for the Lower St. Johns River for engineering projects such as the dredging of navigation canals and freshwater withdrawal from the river. The analysis of the physical forcing …
Analyses Of Crash Occurence And Injury Severities On Multi Lane Highways Using Machine Learning Algorithms, Abhishek Das
Analyses Of Crash Occurence And Injury Severities On Multi Lane Highways Using Machine Learning Algorithms, Abhishek Das
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Reduction of crash occurrence on the various roadway locations (mid-block segments; signalized intersections; un-signalized intersections) and the mitigation of injury severity in the event of a crash are the major concerns of transportation safety engineers. Multi lane arterial roadways (excluding freeways and expressways) account for forty-three percent of fatal crashes in the state of Florida. Significant contributing causes fall under the broad categories of aggressive driver behavior; adverse weather and environmental conditions; and roadway geometric and traffic factors. The objective of this research was the implementation of innovative, state-of-the-art analytical methods to identify the contributing factors for crashes and injury …
Evaluating The Impact Of Oocea's Dynamic Message Signs (Dms) On Travelers' Experience Using Multinomial And Ordered Logit For The Post-Deployment Survey, Taylor Lochrane
Evaluating The Impact Of Oocea's Dynamic Message Signs (Dms) On Travelers' Experience Using Multinomial And Ordered Logit For The Post-Deployment Survey, Taylor Lochrane
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this thesis was to evaluate the impact of dynamic message signs (DMS) on the Orlando-Orange County Expressway Authority (OOCEA) toll road network using the Post-Deployment DMS Survey analysis. DMS are electronic traffic signs used on roadways to give travelers information about travel times, traffic congestion, accidents, disabled vehicles, AMBER alerts, and special events. The particular DMS referred to in this study are large rectangular signs installed over the travel lanes and these are not the portable trailer mount signs. The OOCEA has added twenty-nine fixed DMS to their toll road network from 2006-2008. At the time of …
Safety Improvements On Multilane Arterials A Before And After Evaluation Using The Empirical Bayes Method, Prem Chand Devarasetty
Safety Improvements On Multilane Arterials A Before And After Evaluation Using The Empirical Bayes Method, Prem Chand Devarasetty
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This study examines the safety effects of the improvements made on multi-lane arterials. The improvements were divided into two categories 1) corridor level improvements, and 2) intersection improvements. Empirical Bayes method, which is one of the most accepted approaches for conducting before-after evaluations, has been used to assess the safety effects of the improvement projects. Safety effects are estimated not only in terms of all crashes but also rear-end (most common type) as well as severe crashes (crashes involving incapacitating and/or fatal injuries) and also angle crashes for intersection improvements. The Safety Performance Functions (SPFs) used in this study are …
Safety And Operational Evaluation Of Dynamic Lane Merging In Work Zones, Rami Harb
Safety And Operational Evaluation Of Dynamic Lane Merging In Work Zones, Rami Harb
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Traffic safety and mobility of roadway work zones have been considered to be one of the major concerns in highway traffic safety and operations in Florida. In intent to expose Florida's work zones crash characteristics, the Florida Traffic Crash Records Database for years 2002, 2003 and 2004 were explored. Statistical models were estimated and Florida's work zone crash traits for single vehicle crashes and two-vehicle crashes were drawn. For the single-vehicle crashes, trucks were found more likely to be involved in single vehicle crashes in freeway work zones compared to freeways without work zones. Straight level roadways are significantly affected …
Spatio-Temporal Analyses For Prediction Of Traffic Flow, Speed And Occupancy On I-4, Srinivasa Ravi Chandra Chilakamarri Venkata
Spatio-Temporal Analyses For Prediction Of Traffic Flow, Speed And Occupancy On I-4, Srinivasa Ravi Chandra Chilakamarri Venkata
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Traffic data prediction is a critical aspect of Advanced Traffic Management System (ATMS). The utility of the traffic data is in providing information on the evolution of traffic process that can be passed on to the various users (commuters, Regional Traffic Management Centers (RTMCs), Department of Transportation (DoT), ... etc) for user-specific objectives. This information can be extracted from the data collected by various traffic sensors. Loop detectors collect traffic data in the form of flow, occupancy, and speed throughout the nation. Freeway traffic data from I-4 loop detectors has been collected and stored in a data warehouse called the …
Providing A Better Understanding For The Motorist Behavior Towards Signal Change, Noor Elmitiny
Providing A Better Understanding For The Motorist Behavior Towards Signal Change, Noor Elmitiny
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This research explores the red light running phenomena and offer a better understanding of the factors associated with it. The red light running is a type of traffic violation that can lead to angle crash and the most common counter measure is installing a red light running cameras. Red light running cameras some time can reduce the rates of red light running but because of the increased worry of the public towards crossing the intersection it can cause an increase in rear end crashes. Also the public opinion of the red light running cameras is that they are a revenue …
An Integrated Hydrology/Hydraulic And Water Quality Model For Watershed-Scale Simulations, Cheng Wang
An Integrated Hydrology/Hydraulic And Water Quality Model For Watershed-Scale Simulations, Cheng Wang
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation presents the design of an integrated watershed model, WASH123D version 3.0, a first principle, physics-based watershed-scale model of integrated hydrology/hydraulics and water quality transport. This numerical model is comprised of three modules: (1) a one-dimensional (1-D) simulation module that is capable of simulating separated and coupled fluid flow, sediment transport and reaction-based water quality transport in river/stream/canal networks and through control structures; (2) a two-dimensional (2-D) simulation module, capable of simulating separated and coupled fluid flow, sediment transport, and reactive biogeochemical transport and transformation in two-dimensional overland flow systems; and (3) a three-dimensional (3-D) simulation module, capable of …
Structural Health Monitoring With Emphasis On Computer Vision, Damage Indices, And Statistical Analysis, Ricardo Zaurin
Structural Health Monitoring With Emphasis On Computer Vision, Damage Indices, And Statistical Analysis, Ricardo Zaurin
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) is the sensing and analysis of a structure to detect abnormal behavior, damage and deterioration during regular operations as well as under extreme loadings. SHM is designed to provide objective information for decision-making on safety and serviceability. This research focuses on the SHM of bridges by developing and integrating novel methods and techniques using sensor networks, computer vision, modeling for damage indices and statistical approaches. Effective use of traffic video synchronized with sensor measurements for decision-making is demonstrated. First, some of the computer vision methods and how they can be used for bridge monitoring are presented …