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Articles 91 - 120 of 325
Full-Text Articles in Civil Engineering
Performance Of Light-Frame Wooden Structure (Lfws) Subjected To Combined Wind And Flood Hazards, Ajay Baniya
Performance Of Light-Frame Wooden Structure (Lfws) Subjected To Combined Wind And Flood Hazards, Ajay Baniya
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Light Frame Wooden Structures (LFWS), which are more prone to wind damage by virtue of their light weight, sustain severe damage when they are subjected to simultaneous flood and wind. A difficulty in Multi-hazard design for wind and flood is that the load and resistance factor make use of different design philosophies developed by different sub-disciplines. After Multi-hazard events, in most cases, it is complicated to determine the sole damage done by flood or wind alone. The load path of Wooden structure is already ambiguous, the addition of flood characteristics makes the analysis and design process more complicated. It has …
A Standard Tensile Testing Procedure For Fiber-Reinforced Concrete (Frc) And Ultra-High-Performance Fiber-Reinforced Concrete (Uhp-Frc) Based On Double Punch Test (Dpt), Shuveksha Tuladhar
A Standard Tensile Testing Procedure For Fiber-Reinforced Concrete (Frc) And Ultra-High-Performance Fiber-Reinforced Concrete (Uhp-Frc) Based On Double Punch Test (Dpt), Shuveksha Tuladhar
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Current test methods such as ASTM 1609, ASTM 1550 and direct tensile test are used for evaluating the mechanical properties of Fiber Reinforced Concrete (FRC) and to determine the quality of mixture in design and construction practice. These test methods show high variability in the results, requires large specimen and complicated test setup. An ideal material test method for FRC should give consistent results in determining mechanical properties such as peak strength and residual strengths. Moreover, current test methods are expensive and time-consuming as more specimens are needed to acquire reliable test results. Double Punch Test (DPT) is a simple, …
Aermod Modeling Of Air Pollutant Emissions From Backup Generator Use In Lagos, Nigeria, Temitope Abayomi
Aermod Modeling Of Air Pollutant Emissions From Backup Generator Use In Lagos, Nigeria, Temitope Abayomi
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Generator emissions contribute to increase in air pollution. In developing countries with inadequate electricity supply, many people rely on back-up generators for long-term electricity supply. Nigeria is the second biggest importer of generators in Africa. As of 2009, it was estimated that 60 million people in Nigeria owned and operated small to medium size generators to provide electricity for their daily use. The sheer number of generators in use suggests that generator emissions are a significant source of air pollution in the country, particularly in urban cities. In this work, the concentrations of pollutants emitted from 50 generators in a …
Conditional Bias-Penalized Kalman Filter For Improved Estimation And Prediction Of Extremes, Miah Mohammad Saifuddin
Conditional Bias-Penalized Kalman Filter For Improved Estimation And Prediction Of Extremes, Miah Mohammad Saifuddin
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Kalman filter (KF) and its variants are widely used for real-time updating of model states and prediction in environmental sciences and engineering. Whereas in many applications the most important performance criteria may be the fraction of the times when the filter performs satisfactorily under different conditions, in many other applications the performance for estimation and prediction of extremes, such as floods, droughts, algal blooms, etc., may be of primary importance. Because KF is essentially a least squares solution, it is subject to conditional biases (CB) which arise from the error-in-variable, attenuation, effects when the model dynamics are highly uncertain, the …
Hydrocarbon Pool Fire Performance Of Reinforced Elastomeric Bearing Pads, Shashank Malal
Hydrocarbon Pool Fire Performance Of Reinforced Elastomeric Bearing Pads, Shashank Malal
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Bearing pads are used as support for bridge girders to transfer the reaction forces to the substructure. They are designed to accommodate high axial loads from girder, shear deformations due to lateral thermal expansion of girder, and rotational deformation. Apart from these deformations bearing pads may also be subjected to thermal stresses due to daily temperature variations and extreme events like fire hazard. Current design methods do not account for these thermally induced stresses in elastomeric bearing pads. The objective of this research is to study the hydrocarbon pool fire performance of elastomeric bearing pad. This research has three parts. …
Investigation And Proposed Remedy Of Vibration Problem In Industrial Crane System Due To Human Operation, Dustin C. Lorance
Investigation And Proposed Remedy Of Vibration Problem In Industrial Crane System Due To Human Operation, Dustin C. Lorance
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
A recent investigation of a crane system began when a facilities manager reported a runway beam under-going torsional vibration during operations. The investigation revealed the runway beam’s twisting was caused by resonance vibration due to “inching” of the crane hoist. A Fourier spectrum analysis revealed that one of the harmonic frequencies of this rhythmical motion coincided very close to the natural frequency of the crane system. The runway beam, although met strength requirements, failed to meet serviceability criteria due to the resonance vibration. Resonance vibration issues due to human activity in crane operation (inching, sway, etc.) is often encountered by …
Performance Of Lime- And Cement- Based Treatments Of Sulfate-Rich Soil Via Rc Testing, Azadeh Asghariastaneh
Performance Of Lime- And Cement- Based Treatments Of Sulfate-Rich Soil Via Rc Testing, Azadeh Asghariastaneh
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Chemical treatment of expansive sulfate-rich soils, particularly lime- and cement-based methods, had been rather popular due to their relatively low cost and ready availability. However, over the last few decades, extensively documented pavement failures, mainly caused by excessive heaving and/or shrinkage of lime- and cement-treated subgrades with moderate-to-high sulfate content, have led to thorough investigations to assess the actual feasibility and effectiveness of calcium based stabilizers in sulfate-rich soils. Studies have concluded, with solid experimental evidence, that the calcium present in the chemical stabilizers react with the sulfate and alumina of the treated soil to form Ettringite, an expansive mineral …
Life Cycle Assessment And Cost-Benefit Analysis Of Landfill Mining At The City Of Denton Landfill, Umme Zakira
Life Cycle Assessment And Cost-Benefit Analysis Of Landfill Mining At The City Of Denton Landfill, Umme Zakira
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
The concept of landfill mining has evolved the way of transforming the existing landfills from a final waste disposal site to a temporary storage location for the potentially valuable resources. The convergence of the sustainable material management and environmental protection issues have emerged the demand for the feasibility study of the landfill mining both in environmental and economic aspects considering the scope of potential resource recovery. Few studies have been conducted either on the environmental impacts on waste management (especially incineration) and operational options or generalized cost-benefit estimation for landfill mining project. Therefore, the present study aims to evaluate both …
Performance Of Cement Treated Recycled Aggregates Under Wetting-Drying Cycles In Pavement Base, Saif Bin Salah
Performance Of Cement Treated Recycled Aggregates Under Wetting-Drying Cycles In Pavement Base, Saif Bin Salah
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Resilient Modulus (MR) is one of the most important stiffness parameter to determine the thickness of a pavement layer (AASHTO 2003 pavement design guideline). Recent studies conducted by researchers on the variability of MR with wetting-drying (WD) and freeze-thaw (FT) cycles show that long-term durability is an important criterion to be considered in designing pavement base with recycled materials. At present, the design procedure does not consider the effect of deterioration of pavement layers due to seasonal variations and limited studies have been conducted to evaluate the effect of environmental deterioration on the reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) and recycled crushed …
Effect Of Manure And Enzyme On The Degradation Of Organic Fraction Of Municipal Solid Waste In Biocell, Anuja Sapkota
Effect Of Manure And Enzyme On The Degradation Of Organic Fraction Of Municipal Solid Waste In Biocell, Anuja Sapkota
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
More than half of total Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) generated is composed of organic degradable waste for developed countries and the percentage is even higher for developing countries. Handling of organic fraction of MSW has always been challenging due to environmental and economic reasons. Among all the MSW management alternatives, Sustainable Biocell concept has potential to solve environmental and economic concerns related to organic waste. This potential of Sustainable Biocell can be enhanced by accelerated decomposition of waste. Accelerated decomposition of organic fraction of MSW can be achieved by the addition of nitrogen rich, macro and micro nutrients such as …
The Study Of Screws Under Bending For Curtain Wall Head And Sill Anchors, Humberto Madero Mcentee
The Study Of Screws Under Bending For Curtain Wall Head And Sill Anchors, Humberto Madero Mcentee
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
The study of screws under bending is a very important topic for the solution of anchors (connections) of the vertical members of a Curtain Wall or Storefront that connects top and bottom thru Head and Sill anchors. When there are shims that create a gap between the connected anchor and the structure that connects to, the screws connecting the anchor to the structure would be under bending; very few or any tests are available showing the capacity of a screw under bending; this thesis would present tests and theory of screws under bending, and discussion/clarification of the behavior of these …
Applications Of Ultra-High Performance Fiber-Reinforced Concrete On Flexural Structural And Architectural Members, Venkatesh Babu Kaka
Applications Of Ultra-High Performance Fiber-Reinforced Concrete On Flexural Structural And Architectural Members, Venkatesh Babu Kaka
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
This thesis presents the test results of a study on flexural and shear behavior of Ultra-High-Performance Fiber-Reinforced concrete (UHP-FRC) beams, reinforced with Grade 60 steel (ASTM A615/A615M), Grade 100 steel (ASTM A1035/A1035M) and Basalt fiber reinforced polymer (BFRP) bars. Ultra-high-performance fiber-reinforced concrete (UHP-FRC) has high compressive strength (> 22 ksi (150 MPa)) and exceptional compressive ductility. The use of UHP-FRC provides new opportunities for future infrastructure. However, structural design criteria have not been developed to fully utilize UHP-FRC’s excellent mechanical properties. Maximum useable compressive strain, ecu, specified in the current design codes (ACI 318 Building Code and AASHTO LRFD Bridge …
A Comparison Of Smart City Indicators For Three Top Ten Us Cities, Rasoul Adnan Abbas
A Comparison Of Smart City Indicators For Three Top Ten Us Cities, Rasoul Adnan Abbas
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
The world population has been increasing each year, and the immigration from rural to urban cities has increased as well. The United Nations has estimated that more than 66% of people worldwide live in urban area, and this urbanization trend will continue to increase, thereby generating challenges to the cities as they strive to provide health care, schools, and transportation. The urban population explosion has also caused problems to the environment and overall urban economy as the need for more housing, jobs, and community services require smart solutions. The term, smart city, has many definitions, but all of them agree …
Investigation Of Reuse Of Coal Fly Ash To Mitigate Landfill Methane Gas, Amin Homaei
Investigation Of Reuse Of Coal Fly Ash To Mitigate Landfill Methane Gas, Amin Homaei
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Methane (CH4) is a powerful greenhouse gas (GHG), contributing 32% of current climate forcing (US EPA, 2015). In 2014 the White House released the “Strategy to Cut Methane Emissions” as part of the Climate Action Plan. Landfills are one of the strategy’s 4 key sectors, contributing 18% of US methane emissions (US EPA, 2013). Even when landfills capture methane and burn it to produce electricity, around 25% of methane still leaks through landfill covers (US EPA, 2005). In natural environments, iron oxides, manganese oxides, nitrates, and sulfates have been shown to stimulate microbial anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) (Sivan et …
Shear Investigation Of Polypropylene Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Beams, Ehsan Navadeh
Shear Investigation Of Polypropylene Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Beams, Ehsan Navadeh
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
This study investigates the effect of macro-synthetic polypropylene fibers on the shear strength and failure behavior of longitudinally reinforced concrete beams with and/ or without transverse reinforcement. Eight large-scale were constructed, cured and tested at Civil Engineering Laboratory Building (CELB). This includes flexural reinforced concrete beams without transverse reinforcement (RC), reinforced concrete beam with minimum transverse reinforcement (RCS), 0.5% volume macro-synthetic polypropylene fiber-reinforced concrete beams without stirrups (SNFRC 0.5%), and 0.75% macro-synthetic polypropylene-fiber reinforced concrete beams without stirrups (SNFRC 0.75%). During production of large-scale beams, 19 Cylinders and 9 small-scale beams were produced from the same mix-design and cured for …
Effect Of Tio2/Uv-Led Operational Parameters On The Degradation Of Pharmaceuticals In Water, Burhanuddin Khuzema Zaveri
Effect Of Tio2/Uv-Led Operational Parameters On The Degradation Of Pharmaceuticals In Water, Burhanuddin Khuzema Zaveri
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
The presence of pharmaceutical residues in water resources has alarmed water and health authorities. Among many treatment technologies for pharmaceuticals, ultraviolet (UV)-based oxidation has gained significant attention because it is capable of decomposing a variety of recalcitrant and toxic chemicals. As an alternative UV source to problematic conventional mercury lamps, light-emitting diode (LED) has shown many advantages for water treatment applications, so-called UV-LED. The overall goal of this study is to evaluate the high potential of the UV-LED technology to treat water contaminated with pharmaceuticals including sulfamethoxazole, ibuprofen, and triclosan. In particular, important operational parameters were investigated, including UV wavelength, …
Effect Of Manures On Food Waste Degradation In Biocell, Md Nur Basit Zaman
Effect Of Manures On Food Waste Degradation In Biocell, Md Nur Basit Zaman
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Proper disposal of food waste is a challenge due to adverse effect on the environment through generation of excessive leachate and greenhouse gas (CH4). After food loss through the food supply chain, the food waste ends up mostly in landfills. A study by EPA showed food waste to be the second largest component found in landfill. However, food waste imposes major cost on landfill management, and demands a potential alternative disposal solution that can negate the adverse effects. Though anaerobic digester and composting are possible solutions for food waste disposal, the former is highly expensive while in later solution, a …
Study Of Parameters Impacting Productivity Of Tunnel Boring Machines, Hamed Hashem Pour
Study Of Parameters Impacting Productivity Of Tunnel Boring Machines, Hamed Hashem Pour
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Tunnel construction has been on the rise for transportation of humans, freight and fluids. For a successful tunneling project, it is necessary for that tunneling contractors to have sufficient data about scope of work, project features and characteristics of the ground to estimate advance rate of the a tunnel boring machine (TBM). The main objective of this thesis is to study tunneling case studies and literature to analyze TBM productivity based on ground conditions, diameter and length of each project. Project data was tabulated and results are reported in this thesis. The methodology to conduct this research was literature search …
Laboratory Evaluation Of Tx- Prochem As An Ionic Liquid Stabilizer, Esmat Tavakoli
Laboratory Evaluation Of Tx- Prochem As An Ionic Liquid Stabilizer, Esmat Tavakoli
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Chemical treatment of pavement and foundation soil was conducted to improve workability during compaction, to increase the strength and stiffness of a foundation layer, and to reduce potential shrink and swell due to moisture changes and/or frost action. In this study, a commercial liquid ionic stabilizer (Tx ProChem) was evaluated based on its effectiveness to reduce swell potential and improve the strength of Texas expansive clay. This study also evaluated selected, representative liquid chemical stabilizers’ effect on expansive clay soil. The research presented herein assesses how much the chemical treatments changed the relevant engineering properties of the test soil as …
Investigation Of Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Crack Width Measurement By Finite Element Method, Sina Abhaee
Investigation Of Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Crack Width Measurement By Finite Element Method, Sina Abhaee
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
This study presents numerical and experimental investigations of flexural cracking, post-cracking strength, and fracture energy of the dry-cast synthetic fiber reinforced concrete (FRC). Notched and un-notched beams for two fiber volume fractions were tested under flexural loading based on the recommendations of RILEM TC 162-TDF and ASTM C1609. The crack profile in terms of crack propagation and crack width, was assessed, using the two-dimensional digital image correlation (2D DIC) technique. Images of the specimen’s surface were captured during the test, and, surface deformation field was obtained by means of 2D DIC analysis. The nonlinear, 3D finite element method (FEM) modeling …
Calibration Of Mepdg Performance Models For Flexible Pavement Distresses To Local Conditions Of Ontario, Nelson Fernando Cunha Coelho
Calibration Of Mepdg Performance Models For Flexible Pavement Distresses To Local Conditions Of Ontario, Nelson Fernando Cunha Coelho
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
The implementation of the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) Mechanistical-Empirical Pavement Design requires the development of a design procedure that can be used by the agencies and engineering consultants to design new and reconstructed rigid and flexible pavements. To calibrate the design procedure for a region, a large dataset representing the particular local conditions is needed. It includes traffic, climate, site material characteristics, performance requirements and historical data. The performance models were calibrated in North America using the Long Term Pavement Database Program (LTPP), therefore, the models must be calibrated to local conditions in order to …
Evaluation Of Food Waste Diversion Potential And Economics Of Using Food Waste Dehydrators, Arindam Dhar
Evaluation Of Food Waste Diversion Potential And Economics Of Using Food Waste Dehydrators, Arindam Dhar
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
According to US EPA (2013), food waste is the second largest component (14.6%) of MSW composition in the US, preceded only by paper. Apart from the negative environmental impacts of food waste through methane and leachate generation, it also incurs huge cost to landfill them. Hence, food waste diversion from landfills is becoming a major issue in landfills across many US states. Though biological treatment of food waste is a potential alternative for food waste diversion, the existing scale of this type of treatment is very narrow. On-site treatment of food waste is a suitable alternative as it can be …
Impact Of Wet-Dry Cycle On Mechanical Properties Of Expansive Clay Under Low Overburden Stress, Md Ashrafuzzaman Khan
Impact Of Wet-Dry Cycle On Mechanical Properties Of Expansive Clay Under Low Overburden Stress, Md Ashrafuzzaman Khan
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
The seasonal variation in the water content termed as drying-wetting cycle is one of the most important environmental factor that may cause the degradation of strength for expansive clay. Highway embankment within the north Texas region are mostly constructed on expansive clay and shallow slope failures pose a significant maintenance problem for the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT). Understanding the strength loss mechanism of the expansive clay will provide some useful guidelines to design embankment with adequate factor of safety for long term drained condition. Impact of wet-dry cycle on the high plastic clay strength was measured by several researchers …
Finite Element Analysis For Astm C-76 Reinforced Concrete Pipes With Reduced Steel Cage, Amin Darabnoush Tehrani
Finite Element Analysis For Astm C-76 Reinforced Concrete Pipes With Reduced Steel Cage, Amin Darabnoush Tehrani
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Reinforced concrete pipes (RCP) are composite pipes which have been widely used in the industry for more than ten decades. They are generally used for sewerage, water drainage, and industrial waste water. There are two methods for designing the RCP so that it will bear the soil weight and the live load on it: Indirect design (ID) and direct design (DD) methods. ASTM C76 (1) classifies pipes into five categories. The five categories of pipes have been classified in order of ascending pipe diameter with their required load and reinforcement’s area. Typically, there are two reinforcement types: circumferential and longitudinal. …
Infiltration Study Using Tdr Techniques, Saurav Sinha
Infiltration Study Using Tdr Techniques, Saurav Sinha
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
The study of water flow or infiltration in an unsaturated soil is a highly non-linear and complex problem, simultaneous verification of field and laboratory results is a convenient and practical approach to test the results. In this study, Time domain reflectometry (TDR) sensors are installed at three different locations close to a water body (Creek) in Arlington, Texas which is a part of the National Science Foundation Project titled “Cyper SEES: Type 2: Integrative Sensing and Prediction of Urban Water for Sustainable Cities (iSPUW)”. Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) and Time Domain Transmissometry (TDT) sensors were deployed at five different depths …
Strengthening Of Lightweight Reinforced Concrete Beams Using Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers (Cfrp), Tariq Al Jaafreh
Strengthening Of Lightweight Reinforced Concrete Beams Using Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers (Cfrp), Tariq Al Jaafreh
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
This research aimed to investigate the effect of utilizing “Fiber Reinforced Polymer” (FRP) on the light weight concrete beams. The main hypothesis is that such utilization of the FRP will lead to strengthened lightweight beams. The research that has been done on this relationship is somewhat broad in the scope and have mostly focused on the normal-weight concrete. However, only few studies that have considered the light weight concrete. Eight Beams were tested in this research under four point bending test. Two beams were taken as a control beams without any external bonding of Carbon Fiber Reinforced polymer. Another two …
Comparison Of Methane Production From Household Waste, Sunita Baniya
Comparison Of Methane Production From Household Waste, Sunita Baniya
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Anaerobic digestion is a biochemical process in which various microorganisms transform complex organic compounds to methane, along with carbon dioxide, water vapor and a small amount of other trace gases in absence of oxygen. Methane from anaerobic digestion processes is being increasingly utilized as an alternative energy source in developing as well as developed countries. These days the energy crisis is very acute in rural communities of developing countries, where fuelwood has been and still is the major source of daily used fuel. Through anaerobic digestion, clean-burning fuel for cooking can be produced from degradation of household organic wastes, solving …
Impact Of Weather Factors On Go-Around Occurrence, Bharath Donavalli
Impact Of Weather Factors On Go-Around Occurrence, Bharath Donavalli
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
A “go-around” occurs when an aircraft, which is on final approach, aborts it landing due to unsatisfactory conditions. Go-arounds have a significant impact on the capacity of the airports and pose a serious concern at large airports, especially for airports with diagonal runways. Go-arounds occur due to manual errors, mechanical faults and weather factors. This study focuses on the impact of weather factors on go-around occurrence. The study includes wind gust, storm events (thunderstorm, rain and snow) and visibility as the weather factors under investigation. The author uses a factorial sampling strategy where these factors are segmented into additional categories …
Sustainable Reuse Of Fly Ash To Mitigate Landfill Methane, Sharon Priyadarshini
Sustainable Reuse Of Fly Ash To Mitigate Landfill Methane, Sharon Priyadarshini
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
According to US, EIA 2014 coal alone produces nearly 40% of electricity more than another source in US. Out of the 110 million tons of Coal combustion by-products (CCBs) generated per year as a result of coal combustion, 47% is reused whereas 53% is stored on-site or sent to landfills. There are a number of adverse economic and environmental impacts associated with storage and disposal of coal. Methane (CH4) is a powerful greenhouse gas (GHG), contributing 32% of current climate forcing (US EPA, 2015). Landfill gas comprises of 50-55% CH4 and 40-45% CO2. Global warming potential of CH4 is 28 …
Air Dispersion Modeling Of Multiple Natural Gas Well Pads At Different Terrain Conditions And Determination Of Inverse Distance Weighting Function Exponent, Fatemeh Khalaj
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Natural gas production and development has been widely spreading all over the United States. Texas has been leading the nation in natural gas production by holding approximately twenty three percent of the nation’s natural gas reserves. However, natural gas exploration, drilling, production and distribution process have impacts on air quality and human health. The emissions from natural gas processes could be categorized as volatile organic compounds (including Hazardous Air Pollutants), methane, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxides, particulate matter and some other minor emitted pollutants, which have the potential of causing serious health problems and also impact air quality from an environmental …