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Articles 271 - 300 of 302
Full-Text Articles in Civil Engineering
Comprehensive Studies On Deep Soil Mixing And Lightweight Aggregates Applications To Mitigate Approach Slab Settlements, Ekarut Archeewa
Comprehensive Studies On Deep Soil Mixing And Lightweight Aggregates Applications To Mitigate Approach Slab Settlements, Ekarut Archeewa
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Bridge approach settlement is a common problem to the Transportation Departments nationwide. This uneven transition causes inconvenience to passengers and increases the cost of maintenance and repair of the distressed approach slabs. The Texas Department of Transportation spends millions of dollars annually to mitigate this problem across the state. The potential causes for this problem are numerous and purely site specific. Hence this problem may not have a unique solution. In this research, two methods were selected to mitigate the approach slab settlements. The first one is an improvement of ground foundation technique by using Deep Soil Mixing (DSM) columns …
Pseudo-Probabilistic User Equilibrium Assignment In Travel Corridor Networks Containing Managed Facilities, Alireza Khaleghi-Soroush
Pseudo-Probabilistic User Equilibrium Assignment In Travel Corridor Networks Containing Managed Facilities, Alireza Khaleghi-Soroush
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Throughout the years, transportation organizations and agencies have been unable to keep up with increasing demand for roadway facilities. Similarly, traditional public-sector funding such as motor fuel taxes is falling short in meeting the growing demand for new transportation infrastructure. With deficit financing and congestion problems common to many highways throughout the United States, DOTs are turning to tolling the roadway facilities as a means of financing transportation improvements for inter-urban and urban facilities.In turn, in order for managed facilities such as toll roads or managed lanes to be attractive and viable for the potential investors, the facilities must be …
Performance-Based Plastic Design Of Earthquake Resistant Steel Structures: Concentrically Braced Frames, Tall Moment Frames, Plate Shear Wall Frames, Mohammad Reza Bayat
Performance-Based Plastic Design Of Earthquake Resistant Steel Structures: Concentrically Braced Frames, Tall Moment Frames, Plate Shear Wall Frames, Mohammad Reza Bayat
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
It is well known that structures designed by current codes experience large inelastic deformations during major earthquakes. However, current seismic design practice in the U.S. is based on elastic structural behavior and accounts for inelastic behavior only in an indirect manner through certain modification factors such as R, I, and Cd. Under moderate to severe earthquakes, inelastic activity, including severe yielding and buckling of structural members can be unevenly distributed in the structure which may result in global collapse or costly repair work. Recently, a new design method has been developed and referred to as Performance-Based Plastic Design (PBPD). This …
A Refined True Triaxial Apparatus For Testing Unsaturated Soils Under Suction-Controlled Stress Paths, Diego D. Perez-Ruiz
A Refined True Triaxial Apparatus For Testing Unsaturated Soils Under Suction-Controlled Stress Paths, Diego D. Perez-Ruiz
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
A novel, computer-driven, true triaxial (cubical) apparatus has been developed to test unsaturated soil specimens under suction-controlled multi-axial stress paths that are not achievable in a conventional cylindrical apparatus. The cubical cell implemented in this research work is a considerably refined version of those previously reported by Hoyos (1998) and Laikram (2007). The refined version is a servo-controlled, mixed boundary type of cell that allows for full control and real time measurements of matric suction, net principal stresses and soil deformations along a wide range of simple-to-complex stress paths induced on cubical specimens of unsaturated soil. The specimen seats on …
A New Paradigm In User Equilibrium - Application In Managed Lane Pricing, Asapol Sinprasertkool
A New Paradigm In User Equilibrium - Application In Managed Lane Pricing, Asapol Sinprasertkool
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Ineffective use of the High-Occupancy-Vehicle (HOV) lanes has the potential to decrease the overall roadway capacity during peak periods. Excess capacity in HOV lanes during peak periods can be made available to other types of vehicles, including single occupancy vehicles (SOV) for a price (toll). Such dual use lanes are known as "Managed Lanes." The main purpose of this research is to propose a new paradigm in user equilibrium to predict the travel demand for determining the optimal fare policy for managed lane facilities. Depending on their value of time, motorists may choose to travel on Managed Lanes (ML) or …
A Comprehensive Study Of Recycled Concrete Aggregates As A Drainable Base Layer For Pavements, Juan Bosquez
A Comprehensive Study Of Recycled Concrete Aggregates As A Drainable Base Layer For Pavements, Juan Bosquez
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
The use of recycled materials in construction is becoming increasingly popular due to the shortage of raw materials. Coupled with the environmental concerns surrounding the quarrying of natural minerals, waste materials are being considered as viable replacement sources. By recycling waste materials, available landfill space is increased and costs of transportation are reduced. This dissertation study was conducted to evaluate the use of recycled concrete aggregates as flexible base as per the requirements of the Texas Department of Transportation (2004). Two sources of recycled aggregates and one source of natural limestone aggregate were collected from the Dallas/Fort Worth Area and …
Non-Linear Finite Element Dynamic Analysis Of The Effect Of Compaction On Underground Conduits, Anupong Kararam
Non-Linear Finite Element Dynamic Analysis Of The Effect Of Compaction On Underground Conduits, Anupong Kararam
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Construction loads are an important but often overlooked factor in underground pipe design and installation. Common compaction equipments used in pipeline construction can be a major contributor to pipe damage. To reduce load concentrations in excess of the design loads, construction equipment should be kept at a safe distance above the pipe location.This study investigates the behavior of a reinforced concrete pipeline system under a compaction process. The full-scale experimental test was conducted using a Type-2 standard trench installations soil and minimum compaction requirement. Using a compaction machine "hoe pack" and including the weight of a backhoe, a maximum dynamic …
Managed Lanes Weaving And Access Guideliness, Chulsu Yang
Managed Lanes Weaving And Access Guideliness, Chulsu Yang
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
To maximize the potential for successful managed lanes (MLs) operations, there are critical design issues that require special attention. Adequate ML access spacing and length of the ML access opening are required for the preservation of freeway capacity, level of service, and safety. The traffic weaving from an entrance ramp to the general purpose lanes across to a ML access point and vice versa are effectively modeled as a two-sided Type C weave. The 2000 Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) methodology was calibrated for the major weave without lane balance or merging (standard Type C weave) but not for the two-sided …
Studies On Volume Change Movements In High Pi Clays For Better Design Of Low Volume Pavements, Thammanoon Manosuthikij
Studies On Volume Change Movements In High Pi Clays For Better Design Of Low Volume Pavements, Thammanoon Manosuthikij
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Numerous low- to medium-volume roads such as Farm Market (FM) roads constructed on expansive clay subgrades, especially in the eastern and central Texas, encounter severe pavement cracking and premature loss of serviceability. The maintenance costs, in some cases, are greater than the initial construction costs. The roads built on problematic expansive soils often become distressed due to volume changes associated with seasonal moisture content fluctuations. This dissertation research was attempted to evaluate models that predict volume changes movements of the expansive or highly plastic soils and also develop new models that could provide better prediction of volume change movements in …
Life Cycle Assessment Of Bio-Material Stabilized Expansive Soils, Ranjith Samuel Rosenberk
Life Cycle Assessment Of Bio-Material Stabilized Expansive Soils, Ranjith Samuel Rosenberk
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Pavement cracking is one of the major maintenance works that requires millions of dollars in repair costs annually. Pavement cracks are formed due to moisture and temperature fluctuations in the soil. Stabilization of pavement shoulder subsoil with the addition of compost material was studied for preventing pavement cracks. Eight different compost materials with three major feed stock sources such as biosolids, wood waste, and animal manure were investigated in this research. Compost treatment studies were performed at four different test sites located in various regions of the state of Texas. Laboratory experiments were conducted completed compost manufactured topsoil's (CMTs) to …
Non-Linear Finite Element Dynamic Analysis Of Tapered Hollow Steel Poles For Passive Base Isolation, Tri Le
Non-Linear Finite Element Dynamic Analysis Of Tapered Hollow Steel Poles For Passive Base Isolation, Tri Le
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Long tapered poles are commonly used to support Closed Circuit Television (CCTV) Cameras for security and traffic monitoring. Images received from CCTV are normally distorted depending on the wind induced vibration characteristics of the forcing function. To reduce image distortion, three approaches are integrated to optimize the process, which are: (1) development of equations for pole's frequency of vibration in terms of its geometric variables; (2) development of a mechanical damping device to isolate the pole's vibration from that of the camera; and (3) development of an electrical image processing device for image corrections. The identification of a pole's natural …
Clay Mineralogy Effects On Long-Term Performance Of Chemically Treated Expansive Clays, Bhaskar Chandra Srinivas Chittoori
Clay Mineralogy Effects On Long-Term Performance Of Chemically Treated Expansive Clays, Bhaskar Chandra Srinivas Chittoori
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Stabilization of expansive soils using chemical additives such as cement and lime had been in use for several decades and these treatments provide riding comforts to travelers. However, many state Departments of Transportation (DOTs) in the United States have had problems with subgrade failure even after stabilization with chemical additives due to a loss of stabilizer over time, or a stabilizer being ineffective in some soils while other soils with the same index properties respond well to that stabilizer. These problems are attributed to the limitations of the current procedures of stabilization for pavement subsoil layers. One such limitation is …
Assessing Control Strategies For Ground Level Ozone, Neelesh Vijay Sule
Assessing Control Strategies For Ground Level Ozone, Neelesh Vijay Sule
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Developing cost effective control strategies for ozone has been a challenge to air quality modelers. Conventionally, the control strategies are applied across-the board to the region. The main aim of this research was to develop a Decision-Making Framework (DMF) for evaluating and optimizing the selection of ozone control strategies. Conventional across-the-board reductions conduct emission reductions uniformly throughout the region and throughout the day. By contrast, this dissertation studied targeted reductions, in which emission sources of various types are reduced at various times and locations. The proposed DMF comprised of four phases: (1) Initialization, (2) Mining, (3) Metamodeling, and (4) Optimization. …
Statistical Approach To The Development Of A Microscale Model For Estimating Exhaust Emissions Of Light Duty Gasoline Vehicles, Benjamin Nmai Afotey
Statistical Approach To The Development Of A Microscale Model For Estimating Exhaust Emissions Of Light Duty Gasoline Vehicles, Benjamin Nmai Afotey
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Today, air pollution is taking a growing toll on human health, the environment and the economy, despite decades of efforts to combat it. Although it was once a primary urban phenomenon in industrialized countries, today air pollution has spread worldwide. Mobile, industrial and natural sources constitute the major sources of air pollution. Around the world, major cities in industrialized countries have in recent times been battling air pollution from mobile sources. Beijing, New Delhi, Dallas/ Fort Worth and Los Angeles are no exceptions.Pronounced interest has focused on mobile source (vehicle exhaust) emissions in recent decades. A rapid increase in the …
Multi-Criteria Assessment For Supporting Freeway Operations And Management Systems, Auttawit Upayokin
Multi-Criteria Assessment For Supporting Freeway Operations And Management Systems, Auttawit Upayokin
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Freeway traffic congestion represents an increasing concern for urban areas throughout the United States. In addition, faced with limited roadway expansion alternatives, transportation agencies are considering investment in traffic management centers (TMCs) as a more viable way to operate and manage freeways effectively. The TMCs' responsibilities include monitoring roadway conditions using the various data collection strategies and determining performance measures for freeway operations. At the same time, traffic engineers at the TMCs may react to the traffic congestion problems by implementing operational strategies. In order to provide reliable decision support for TMC freeway operations and management systems, this dissertation aims …
Studies On Field Stabilization Methods To Prevent Surficial Slope Failures Of Earth Fill Dams, Venkata S. Dronamraju
Studies On Field Stabilization Methods To Prevent Surficial Slope Failures Of Earth Fill Dams, Venkata S. Dronamraju
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Surficial failures are occurring frequently on the slopes of earthfill dams which are predominantly rainfall induced. Desiccation cracks form on the slope surface during dry environment which accelerates infiltration during rainfall. Infiltration causes increase of pore water pressures and saturation of soil mass in top layer resulting in surficial failures. Numerous surficial failures occurred on the slope of earthfill dams maintained by The United States Army Corps. of Engineers. The current research is undertaken at the University of Texas at Arlington with an objective of exploring the best field stabilization method to mitigate these surficial failures.Two sites, Joe Pool Dam …
Novel Stabilization Methods For Sulfate And Non-Sulfate Soils, Chakkrit Sirivitmaitrie
Novel Stabilization Methods For Sulfate And Non-Sulfate Soils, Chakkrit Sirivitmaitrie
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Expansive soils are commonly found in arid and semi-arid climate zone. These soils typically exhibit moderate to high plasticity, low to moderate strength, and high swell and shrinkage characteristic which in turn result in more swelling problems when the soil absorbs water. Both low strength characteristic and volumetric movements weaken the subgrade soils that they may lead to structural distress on road pavements. This research project was conducted at the City of Arlington, Texas. Soils in Arlington are known to be highly expansive. The expansive soils consist of both sulfate-rich soils and non-sulfate soils. This research project was conducted to …
Modeling Unsaturated Soil Response Under Suction-Controlled Multi-Axial Stress States, Arthit Laikram
Modeling Unsaturated Soil Response Under Suction-Controlled Multi-Axial Stress States, Arthit Laikram
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
In this research work, a novel suction-controlled true triaxial testing apparatus has been developed to test 3-in (7.5-cm) side, cubical specimens of unsaturated soil under controlled-suction states for a wide range of stress paths that are not easily achievable in a conventional cylindrical apparatus. The equipment is a mixed-boundary type of device, with the specimen seated on top of a high-air-entry ceramic disk and between five flexible (latex) membranes on the remaining sides of the cube. The new cell is an upgraded, more elaborate version of the one previously reported by Hoyos (1998), featuring two independent pore-air and pore-water pressure …
Deep Mixing Technology For Mitigation Of Swell-Shrink Behavior Of Expansive Soils Of Moderate To Deep Active Depths, Raja Sekhar Madhyannapu
Deep Mixing Technology For Mitigation Of Swell-Shrink Behavior Of Expansive Soils Of Moderate To Deep Active Depths, Raja Sekhar Madhyannapu
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Expansive soils are well known for their cyclic shrink-swell behavior due to seasonal related moisture changes. These cyclic movements of expansive soils are due to physico-chemical changes at particle level that are dependent on mineralogical composition of these soils. The subsoil depths susceptible to moisture changes are known as active zones and based on previous studies vary from shallow to deep depths. Movements from these active depths reflect to the surface and cause considerable damages to overlying infrastructures. These damages are slow and time dependent as the in situ moisture fluctuations are slow and continue with time. Since the current …
Comparison Of Distributed Versus Lumped Hydrologic Simulation Models Using Stationary And Moving Storm Events Applied To Small Synthetic Rectangular Basins And An Actual Watershed Basin, Michael Jay Shultz
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
The purpose of this investigation is to compare simulations using several artificial rectangular basins and a real drainage basin for distributed and lumped hydrologic models via results obtained with the U.S. Geological Survey Modular Modeling System (MMS). Impervious watershed conditions were assumed for each simulation. A critical objective of this investigation is to assess the performance of a physically-simple lumped model compared to a more physically-complex distributed model for various storm events. Knowledge gained from this investigation may be applied to the practical problem of determining when either a distributed or lumped model may be expected to function well given …
Roadway Shallow Water Flow Modeling By Velocity Distribution, Chirakarn Sirivitmaitrie
Roadway Shallow Water Flow Modeling By Velocity Distribution, Chirakarn Sirivitmaitrie
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Manning's equation is a widely used method for determining flow discharge in a channel with unconfined gravity flow. The roughness value, n-value, is a critical factor for Manning equation to obtain the accurate amount of flow. A precise estimation of Manning "n" is difficult to obtain and varies by investigator justification and experience. Flow on a roadway is a type of open channel flow normally determined by Manning's equation. To ensure reliability and highway safety, the hydraulic geometry dimensions such as spread, depth and discharge must be accurately estimated. A Texas Department of Transportation Manning n-value research project collected data …
Capacity Estimation Of Two-Sided Type C Weaves On Freeway, Phong Thanh Vo
Capacity Estimation Of Two-Sided Type C Weaves On Freeway, Phong Thanh Vo
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
A weaving section is a common design on major highway facilities that has been an interest to researchers for years. Weaving areas are characterized by frequent lane changes, which significantly reduce the capacity of the freeway system. The 2000 Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) defined weaving capacity as "any combination of flows that causes the density to reach the LOS E/F boundary condition of 43 pcpmpl for freeways" based on configuration, number of lanes in the weaving section, free-flow speed, length of the weave, and volume ratio (VR). However, no research has been focused on the two-sided type C weaves, which …
Dynamic Chracteristics And Stability Analysis Of Muncipal Solid Waste In Bioreactor Landfills, Mohamed Adil Haque
Dynamic Chracteristics And Stability Analysis Of Muncipal Solid Waste In Bioreactor Landfills, Mohamed Adil Haque
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Bioreactor landfills are operated to enhance refuse decomposition, gas production, and waste stabilization. The major aspect of bioreactor landfill operation is the recirculation of generated leachate back through the refuse mass. Due to the accelerated decomposition and settlement of solid waste, bioreactor landfills are gaining popularity as an alternative to the conventional landfill designed under Subtitle D regulations. However, recirculation of leachate or addition of water to accelerate the waste decomposition changes the biodegradation and geotechnical characteristics of waste mass. Our understanding of changes in engineering characteristics of solid waste with accelerated decomposition is limited. There is a need to …
Runway Incursion Mitigation, Capacity Enhancement, And Safety Improvements With Perimeter Taxiway Operations At Dallas Fort Worth International Airport, Satyamangalam D. Satyamurti
Runway Incursion Mitigation, Capacity Enhancement, And Safety Improvements With Perimeter Taxiway Operations At Dallas Fort Worth International Airport, Satyamangalam D. Satyamurti
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
A perimeter taxiway (PT) or end-around taxiway (EAT) operation is a new concept being developed at several airports around the country to eliminate active departure runway incursions during peak periods. PTs will enhance capacity by permitting uninterrupted, safe, continuous takeoffs and landings within the operations framework and guidelines established by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). For this research, the Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport's (DFW) proposed PT operations are considered for analysis and evaluation. This concept is tested using actual historical flight data at DFW for simulation and analytical modeling based on the FAA safety factors available in the Visual SIMMOD …
Autotrophic Denitrification Of Groundwater In A Granular Sulfur-Packed Up-Flow Reactor, Shih-Hui Pan
Autotrophic Denitrification Of Groundwater In A Granular Sulfur-Packed Up-Flow Reactor, Shih-Hui Pan
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Autotrophic denitrification is an effective treatment technique for nitrate removal from groundwater. Six basic elements are required for the growth of autotrophic denitrifiers: (1) electron donor, (2) electron acceptor, (3) active bacteria, (4) anoxic/anaerobic environment, (5) micronutrients, and (6) optimum pH and temperature. In this research, granular sulfur is an electron donor; nitrate is an electron acceptor; anoxic and anaerobic environment was maintained in the reactor, and micronutrients were added; pH was controlled between 6 and 9, and temperature was maintained at the room temperature (20 + 2 oC). Batch reactor and continuous up-flow reactor experiments were carried out to …
Analysis Of Hat Sectioned Reinforced Composite Beams Including Thermal Effects, Kashif Ali Nayyer Syed
Analysis Of Hat Sectioned Reinforced Composite Beams Including Thermal Effects, Kashif Ali Nayyer Syed
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
A simple analytical method for analyzing fiber reinforced polymeric composite beams with hat cross-section is presented. The method includes development of closed-form expression of the axial, bending and their coupling stiffness matrices for the composite beams. The stiffness matrices are obtained by transforming the actual geometrical cross-section of the beam into an equivalent plate using transformation matrices and Parallel Axis theorem. Ply stresses due to mechanical as well as thermal load can easily be obtained at any given location of the beam section. In this approach, the effect of induced in-plane deformation due to bending for an unsymmetrical cross-section is …
Experimental And Finite Element Based Investigations Of Shear Behavior In Reinforced Concrete Box Culverts, Anil Kumar Garg
Experimental And Finite Element Based Investigations Of Shear Behavior In Reinforced Concrete Box Culverts, Anil Kumar Garg
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
This study evaluates the shear behavior and capacity of the precast concrete box culverts subjected to HS 20 truck wheel load. The most critical culvert behavior was considered by studying culverts subjected to zero depth fill and placed on rigid laboratory floor without bedding material. Three major phases were considered to complete the study, which included: (1) experimental program; (2) finite element modeling; and (3) development of distribution width and the determination of shear capacity. A full-scale experimental testing program was undertaken to perform tests on 24 typical precast concrete box culverts designated as per ASTM C 1433-05 with and …
Experimental Investigations On Small-Strain Stiffness Properties Of Partially Saturated Soils Via Resonant Column And Bender Element Testing, Phayak Takkabutr
Experimental Investigations On Small-Strain Stiffness Properties Of Partially Saturated Soils Via Resonant Column And Bender Element Testing, Phayak Takkabutr
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
A comprehensive series of resonant column (ASTM D 2325-68), bender element (ASTM C 778), pressure plate (ASTM D 4015-92), and filter paper (ASTM D 5298) tests were conducted on compacted specimens of poorly graded sand (SP) and high plasticity clay (CH) in order to assess the influence of key environmental factors, namely compaction-induced matric suction and Ko stress state, on small-strain stiffness properties of partially saturated soils. Compaction-induced matric suction in all test specimens was estimated via soil-water characteristic curves (SWCC) for each type of soil. The research work was accomplished in six broad stages. During Stage I, a modified …
Mode Choice Models For Long Distance Travel In Usa, Isaradatta Rasmidatta
Mode Choice Models For Long Distance Travel In Usa, Isaradatta Rasmidatta
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
The influences of technology and economic development on human activity are increasingly taking place on larger spatial scales. As a consequence, complementary interactions between urban regions are getting stronger, which causes urban regions to change. In order to stimulate the integration between regions and states level, policy makers need increased knowledge of the factors that influence long distance travel. From an environmental perspective, long distance trips can be very important because most of the trips are made in personal vehicles or airplanes that affect emissions and fuel consumption. Mode choice alternatives for long distance travel include: personal vehicle, air, and …
Discharge Headway At Signalized Intersections In Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico, Luis F. Chapa
Discharge Headway At Signalized Intersections In Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico, Luis F. Chapa
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Driver behavior has been the subject of study for almost 100 years. As a result, driver characteristics have been determined and used in the design of highway elements, both for interrupted and for free flow facilities. Signalized intersections represent the most typical interrupted flow facility, with driver reaction time and aggressiveness playing a key role in signal timing design and also in the assessing of intersection performance. These driver characteristics were first determined in the United States in the late 1940's, identifying an average headway (in seconds) between consecutive vehicles as they react to light change from red to green …