Civil Engineering Commons^™

A Laboratory Study Of Streambed Stability In Bottomless Culverts, Brian Mark Crookston

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Traditional culvert designs, in many cases, have become habitat barriers to aquatic animal species. In response, environmentally sensitive culvert designs have been developed to function as ecological bridges. Bottomless and buried invert culverts are examples of such designs and are commonly used for fish passage. Additional design guidance specific to streambed stability in buried-invert or bottomless culverts under high flow events is needed. This study investigated incipient motion conditions for four substrate materials in a 2-ft (0.61-m) diameter circular bottomless arch culvert and in a 1-ft (0.30-m) wide rectangular flume in a laboratory setting. General scour of the streambed within …

Transitional Flow Between Orifice And Non-Orifice Regimes At A Rectangular Canal Gate, Omar Alminagorta Cabezas

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The main objective of this research was to analyze the hydraulic transition between non-orifice and orifice flow regimes at a rectangular sluice gate through the calibration of various discharge equations, and determining the value of a coefficient, which defines the transition between orifice and non-orifice flow conditions. The second objective was to determine whether a single equation could be used to represent the stage-discharge relationship for both free and submerged non-orifice flow through a rectangular sluice gate.

Several hundred data sets were collected in a hydraulic laboratory, each including the measurement of water upstream depth and downstream for five different …

Bridge Instrumentation And The Development Of Non-Destructive And Destructive Techniques Used To Estimate Residual Tendon Stress In Prestressed Girders, Brian Michael Kukay

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This research embodied a three-prong approach for directly determining the residual prestress force of prestressed concrete bridge girders. For bridges that have yet to be constructed, outfitting girders with instrumentation is a highly effective means of determining residual prestress force in prestressed concrete bridge girders. This constitutes the first prong. Still, many bridges are constructed without such instrumentation. For these bridges, a destructive technique can be used to directly determine the residual prestress in a prestressed concrete bridge girder. This implies that the girder(s) being tested have already been taken out of service. This constitutes the second prong.

For bridges …

Calculated Surface Velocity Coefficients For Prismatic Open Channels By Three-Dimensional Hydraulic Modeling, Nat Marjang

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A turbulence model was developed for computing surface velocity coefficients and discharge under steady, uniform flow conditions for rectangular and compound open-channel cross sections. Reynolds-Average Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations, Reynolds stress equations, and kinetic energy and dissipation equations were applied in the model using the finite-volume method with the SIMPLER algorithm. The models show graphical results of the velocity distributions in the longitudinal bed slope direction, secondary velocities, pressure, turbulence kinetic energy, and kinetic energy dissipation rate across the cross section. Also, the surface velocity coefficients were computed at increments of one-eighth of the base width from the vertical walls to …

A Collection Of New Studies Using Existing And Proposed Techniques And Instrumentation For Nondestructive Testing And Analysis Of Concrete Materials And Structures, Shane D. Boone

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A variety of studies were performed using existing and newly proposed techniques and instrumentation to further the understanding of nondestructive testing of concrete. A new combined stress wave propagation method was developed that combined the existing methods of the spectral analysis of surface waves, impact echo, and free-free resonant column experimental and analysis techniques. The method was used to determine the stiffness profile and location of embedded voids in a concrete tunnel lining modeled as a three layer concrete slab. A new equation was proposed that predicted the level of damage of concrete samples based on the functions of the …

Models And Algorithms For Addressing Travel Time Variability: Applications From Optimal Path Finding And Traffic Equilibrium Problems, Zhong Zhou

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

An optimal path finding problem and a traffic equilibrium problem are two important, fundamental, and interrelated topics in the transportation research field. Under travel time variability, the road networks are considered as stochastic, where the link travel times are treated as random variables with known probability density functions. By considering the effect of travel time variability and corresponding risk-taking behavior of the travelers, this dissertation proposes models and algorithms for addressing travel time variability with applications from optimal path finding and traffic equilibrium problems. Specifically, two new optimal path finding models and two novel traffic equilibrium models are proposed in …

Infrastructure Economics - University Of California, Davis, Jay R. Lund

All ECSTATIC Materials

Graduate course in infrastructure economics offered at University of California, Davis in Winter 2008

Vulnerability Of Shallow Aquifers Of The Conterminous United States To Nitrate: Assessment Of Methodologies, Karthik Kumarasamy

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Groundwater is an important natural resource for numerous human activities, accounting for more than 50% of the total water used in the United States. Groundwater is vulnerable to contamination by several organic and inorganic pollutants such as nitrate, heavy metals, and pesticides. Assessment of groundwater vulnerability aids in the management and protection of limited groundwater resources.

The focus of this thesis is to (1) statistically compare two groundwater vulnerability assessment models; modified DRASTIC (Acronym for Depth to water, net Recharge, Aquifer media, Soil media, Topography, Impact of vadose zone, and hydraulic Conductivity of aquifer) and ordinal logistic regression for NO …

Minimum Velocities For The Suspension Of Fine Sediment In The Green River Canal, Michael W. Stoeber

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

This paper focuses on a canal in the Gunnison Valley, located in central Utah, which diverts water from the sediment-laden Green River. Grain size analyses were performed on sediment samples taken from the canal. These grain size analyses were used to determine the grain size distribution of the fine sediment, classify the fine sediment, and compare the fine sediment to a sediment deposit in the Green River. The critical incipient velocity for the D₅₀ and D₁₀₀ and the critical grain entrainment velocity corresponding to the D₉₅ were determined through flume experimentation. Two methods, developed by prior researchers, …

Shear Wave Velocity Profiles At Sites Liquefied By The 1999 Kocaeli, Turkey Earthquake, Brady R. Cox

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This paper presents shear wave velocity profiles for 15 sites liquefied by the 1999 Kocaeli, Turkey earthquake. These profiles are used in order to evaluate each liquefaction site by the simplified shear wave velocity procedure. This procedure allowed for the identification of a potentially liquefiable region within the subsurface at each site. Locating this region at each site allowed for the separation of soils that were too stiff to liquefy from soils that were soft enough to liquefy. Once these soft regions had been identified, they were evaluated to separate granular soils expected to liquefy, from fine-grained soils expected not …

Water Resources Systems Analysis - Course Notes, A Bruce Bishop, Trevor Hughes, Mac Mckee

All ECSTATIC Materials

Water resources systems analysis course notes for CEE 6410 taught at Utah State University. Coverage includes:

Chapter 1 - Concepts and methods

Chapter 2 - Linear programming-introduction and graphical methods

Chapter 3 - Linear programming - simplex method

Chapter 4 - Linear programming - applications to simple water problems

Chapter 5 - Dual LP and post optimality analysis

Chapter 6 - Integer programming

Chapter 7 - More applications of integer programmign

Chapter 8 - Piecewise linearization

Chapter 9 - Other types of LP models

Chapter 10 - Dynamic programming

Chapter 11 - Gradient-based nonlinear optimization methods

Chapter 12 - Genetic …

Expandable Membrane Ground Anchors In Talus, United States Department Of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration

Dams

Expander Body (EB) tieback anchors were installed in talus material in Glenwood Canyon and evaluated as to their ease of installation and performance. The EB consists of a steel tube with thin, folded walls which is expanded in the soil by injection of cement grout. The EB system can be expanded in coarse, angular materials at high pressure without rupturing. It, therefore, can be successfully used to limit grout take in permeable materials.

Based on the results of this study, the EB system was approved as a permanent anchoring method in construction of I 70 through Glenwood Canyon.

A Hydrological Characterization Of A Zero-Order Basin In Volcanic Hillslope Terrain, Neil A. Mock

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Hydrologists have displayed a renewed effort towards understanding the complexity of runoff generation and its association with basin structure. Basin structure is defined as the complex geomorphological, vegetation, and soil characteristics that make up and distinguish the physical nature of a drainage basin. Zero-order basins are an integral part of watershed structure because they furnish the capacity to store and transmit snowmelt and rainfall. By definition, zero-order basins are sub-basins which are depressions in the surf ace and shallow bedrock topography. This study involves a space time characterization of a zero-order basin in fractured media located in southwest Idaho.

The …

Evaluating The Design And Operation Of Irrigation Canals In Egypt, Amany El Kayal

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A computer simulation model for temperature data was developed in order to generate synthetic daily temperature. The model consists of two components: a deterministic component represented by a Fourier series fit, and a stochastic component represented by an autoregressive model. The simulation model was proven to be able to preserve the main statistics of the historical series.

The data generated by the above temperature model were used as an input to an irrigation water requirements simulation model. This model incorporates the probabilistic nature of these requirements. The irrigation system of Abo Raya area in Egypt was used to demonstrate the …

A Mathematical Model Of The Dispersion Of A Concentrated Substance For Use In The Great Salt Lake's South Arm, Anthony O. Rughellis

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The ability to predict the dispersion of substances in the Great Salt Lake is a requisite towards making responsible management decisions relating to uses of the lake. The lake is a complex terminal body of water and will require a fairly sophisticated mathematical model to properly simulate the dispersion process in the lake. This finite element convection-dispersion model is a first step towards developing a comprehensive model.

The model provides a finite element solution to the two-dimensional convection-dispersion equation and is capable of simulating steady or unsteady-state situations. It utilizes a known velocity field, dispersion coefficients, an introduced substance concentration, …

A Hydrologic Model Of The Provo River Basin, Utah, Craig T. Jones

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this paper is to develop a general hydrologic model for use on a digital computer and prove its validity by applying it to a management study of the Provo River Basin. Hydrologic equations have been proposed for each major hydrologic occurrence within a river basin. By linking these equations through restrictions on continuity of mass, a general hydrologic model can be obtained. Such a model becomes the basic tool for studying the management of the river basin hydrology. The paper describes the model components, parameter identification program, and the river basin management program.

Effects Of Land Use On Water Quality: Summit Creek, Smithfield, Utah, David W. Meyers

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The effects of various land uses on water quality in Summit Creek were evaluated during the period beginning March 13, 1971 and ending October 27, 1971. Potential sources of pollution investigated were: (1) septic tank use, (2) feedlot runoff, (3) urban runoff, (4) rural runoff.

Samples were collected from five sampling stations on 16 separate days during the sampling period. Analyses were performed to determine the following constituents: ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, total phosphorus, orthophosphate, coliform bacteria, chloride, suspended solids, volatile suspended solids, total carbon, organic carbon, temperature and pH.

Agricultural activities, including livestock feedlot operations, were identified as the major …

Simulation Of The Dynamics Of Erodible Streams, Kousoum S. Sakhan

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The movement of translatory waves over an erodible stream has a critical influence on the time of rise of the hydrograph which, in turn, affects the stability of the stream channel. In the present study, the movement of these flood waves is described by the one-dimensional equations of continuity and motion which are obtained by the space integration of the three-dimensional equation of continuity and Reynolds equations. The flow of suspended sediment is described by a one-dimensional dispersion equation which is derived from a three-dimensional equation of conservation of solid mass in the flow. With some modifications the one-dimensional dispersion …

A Study Of The Effects Of Water Institutions On Planning And Management Of Water Resources In Utah, Donald H. Mclean

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

One area of research that has been somewhat neglected in water planning programs and water development is that pertaining to water law and water institutions. Over the years each state has developed a complex system of water law and organizations for the allocation and distribution of water. The usual role of these institutions is one of orderly development and the efficient use of the water resource. However, in many cases water law and institutions have imposed serious constraints upon the planning and the most efficient use of a valuable resource.

This study, through historic research, has attempted to define these …

Computer Simulation Of Urban Runoff Characteristics Within Salt Lake County, Robert Newman Parnell

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A hybrid computer program is developed to simulate the outflow hydrographs of two urban watersheds located within Salt Lake County, Utah. The gaged outflow of the watersheds provided a checkpoint for comparing the observed and the simulated final outflow hydrographs.

The outflow hydrographs for each subzone of the two watersheds were obtained by abstracting interception, infiltration and depression storage from each subzone hyetograph. The outflow of the subzones were routed to the Jordan River, the final outflow point of the two watersheds. The final hydrographs of the watersheds were combined and compared with the gaged flow.

The uniquenesses of this …

Hydrologic Inventory Of The Great Salt Lake Desert Area, Gary L. Foote

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

Utah, located in the arid southwest, is a state that experience s chronic water shortages. The pattern of valleys and high mountain ranges that exists in the state produces sharply contrasting differences in climatic conditions . Desert valleys in the western portion may receive as few a s 4 inches of precipitation in a year while headwater areas in the Wasatch Mountains receive 60 inches or more. Wide cyclic as well a s geographical variations of precipitation added to uneven seasonal distribution makes development and efficient utilization of water resource s vital though difficult.

In order to make the most …

Phosphorus Distribution In The Bottom Sediments Of Hyrum Reservoir, Kirk L. Schmalz

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The distribution of phosphorus in the sediment of Hyrum Reservoir was studied by collecting and analyzing 84 sediment samples for total, inorganic, organic, and water-soluble phosphorus.

Sample locations were mapped by triangulation and sediment phosphorus distribution maps were made. Sediment analysis showed average total phosphorus content of 755 micrograms per gram, with organic phosphorus composing approximately 97 percent of total phosphorus.

Sediment samples showed variability in phosphorus content which precluded identification of point sources of phosphorus input to the reservoir. Several areas of comparatively higher phosphorus content in the sediments were shown with isopleth maps.

An estimate of the extent …

Electronic Analog Computer Hydrologic Simulation Of The Upper Bear River Basin, Mohammed A. Basha

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

OF the total precipitation falling on watersheds throughout the world, an average of approximately 85 percent returns directly to the atmosphere through evaporation and use by mountain vegetation. The remaining 15 percent moves from the watersheds as runoff and becomes available in the valleys to be used by man for irrigation, industry, recreation, and many other requirements in recent years has led to an increasing need for efficient management of available water resources, and in this regard computer modeling or simulation has proved to be a powerful tool.

The study described herein involves simulation of the hydrologic system of the …

Formulation Of A Mathematical Model For The Allocation Of Colorado River Waters In Utah, Rick L. Gold

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

This report is linked with the work done in fulfillment of the first objective of a research project now underway at the Utah Water Research Laboratory. The project, entitled "Application of Operations Research Techniques for Allocation of Colorado River Waters in Utah," is a matching fund grant by The Office of Water Resources Research of the United States Department of the Interior. The project has the following objectives: (1) formulate the mathematical model of that part of the state that can receive Colorado River water, (2) optimize the allocation model under different demand levels and study the economic effects of …

A Study Of Precipitation Characteristics For Utah, Tsing-Yuan Chang

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Data on monthly precipitation for three areas of Southern Utah--Beaver, Cedar City and Ephraim--and three areas of Northern Utah--Salt Lake City, Ogden and Logan--where a series of measuring stations were arranged as traverses from the valleys to the mountain tops; were assembled and analyzed.

The relationships between elevation and precipitation amounts were shown. The Southern Utah stations were drier at the same elevations than the Northern Utah stations and the differences became greater as the elevations increased. There was a close correlation between the high elevation and low elevation stations in the same traverse even with the above divergence.

A …

Design Criteria For Usu Stilling Basin Pipe Flow To Open Channels, Chi-Yuan Wei

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Criterion have been developed in this study for designing a stilling basin to serve as a transition from pipe flow to open channel flow. The purpose of the structure is to prevent erosion in an open channel. The unsteadiness, or smoothness, of the water surface in the model basin was used as the criterion for evaluating the effectiveness of the structure for energy dissipation.

The introduction of a short-pipe energy dissipater in the stilling basin has proven effective in dissipating energy. The stilling basin was designed for a fully submerged pipe outlet. The inflow pipe and the dissipator pipe were …

Streamflow Forecasting For The Logan And Blacksmith Fork Rivers In Northern Utah, Kenneth A. Mangelson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Accurate streamflow forecasts have been recognized as being important by water users and others whose occupations and pursuits depend upon the supply of water from snow fed streams.

The streamflow forecasting equations for the important predictive periods, in particular the April through September and the May through September total flows, were developed in this study for both the Logan and Blacksmith Fork Rivers.

Multiple linear regress ion was used as a mathematical model in determining the streamflow forecasting equations. A correlation analysis was used to determine the importance of the variables used in the mathematical model. The results of this …

Application Of Multivariate Analysis In Predicting Water Yields In Utah, Leei-Luoh Wang

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

The basic hydrologic data required to determine the water yield are usually unavailable for small basins and streams while increasing emphasis is being placed on their development. Therefore, some methods and techniques for estimating the amount of water available for development of these small units is needed .

The purpose of this study is to use the concepts and techniques of statistical analysis to develop equations which are useful in estimating the water yield of watersheds for which no stream flow records are available . The approach is an extension of earlier studies at Utah State University (1, lQ) in …

Flume Study Of The Effect Of Concentration And Size Of Roughness Elements On Flow In High-Gradient Natural Channels, Mohamed Wafaie Abdelsalam

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

In recent years investigators have given increased attention to flow in natural, high-gradient, rough, open channels. Studies include work in both the laboratory and in the field. Solutions to the problem are still incomplete; however, continued attention by investigators is needed to answer many questions. Using a laboratory flume, the writer studied one of the questions concerning the relative importance of gross velocity fluctuations versus turbulent mixing, and the ranges of each under different ranges of submergence and kineticity of flow. In the different ranges, the effect of size and concentration of the roughness elements was studied.

A Critical Analysis Of Water Rights And Institutional Factors And Their Effect On The Development Of Logan River, Frank W. Haws

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The physical setting of the Logan River Drainage Basin is first described with emphasis on the hydrologic and climatic factors that made the river an economic and social benefit.

The historical development of the river by man is then traced, and changes in water use patterns are pointed out. Methods used to administer water rights as water use patterns change is then described.

Legal controversies over water rights on the river are examined and methods of solving problems analyzed. A recent law suit between Logan City Corporation and the Logan River Water Users Association is examined in detail and the …