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Articles 631 - 660 of 677
Full-Text Articles in Civil Engineering
Capacity Estimation Of Two-Sided Type C Weaves On Freeway, Phong Thanh Vo
Capacity Estimation Of Two-Sided Type C Weaves On Freeway, Phong Thanh Vo
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
A weaving section is a common design on major highway facilities that has been an interest to researchers for years. Weaving areas are characterized by frequent lane changes, which significantly reduce the capacity of the freeway system. The 2000 Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) defined weaving capacity as "any combination of flows that causes the density to reach the LOS E/F boundary condition of 43 pcpmpl for freeways" based on configuration, number of lanes in the weaving section, free-flow speed, length of the weave, and volume ratio (VR). However, no research has been focused on the two-sided type C weaves, which …
Dynamic Chracteristics And Stability Analysis Of Muncipal Solid Waste In Bioreactor Landfills, Mohamed Adil Haque
Dynamic Chracteristics And Stability Analysis Of Muncipal Solid Waste In Bioreactor Landfills, Mohamed Adil Haque
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Bioreactor landfills are operated to enhance refuse decomposition, gas production, and waste stabilization. The major aspect of bioreactor landfill operation is the recirculation of generated leachate back through the refuse mass. Due to the accelerated decomposition and settlement of solid waste, bioreactor landfills are gaining popularity as an alternative to the conventional landfill designed under Subtitle D regulations. However, recirculation of leachate or addition of water to accelerate the waste decomposition changes the biodegradation and geotechnical characteristics of waste mass. Our understanding of changes in engineering characteristics of solid waste with accelerated decomposition is limited. There is a need to …
Experimental Studies To Address Strengths Of Limestone Cores, Sulfate Heave Problems In Limestone Cores And Tunnel Lining, Vivekananda Chikyala
Experimental Studies To Address Strengths Of Limestone Cores, Sulfate Heave Problems In Limestone Cores And Tunnel Lining, Vivekananda Chikyala
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Sulfate induced heave is a common scenario in tunnels located on sedimentary rocks containing Pyrites. Pyrite oxidation produces Gypsum which is a major source of natural sulfates. DART NC -1B tunnel is located in Dallas, north Texas. Dallas is located on sedimentary rocks with high Pyrite content and has a history of sulfate induced heave problems in several projects. In spring 2005 & 2006, the shotcrete liner in DART NC-1B tunnel showed cracking associated with water leaks. Considering the local geology and the history of the tunnel, researchers at The University of Texas at Arlington (UTA) suspected probable occurrence of …
Performance Studies On Rigid Pavement Sections Built On Stabilized Sulfate Soils, Deepti Vasudev
Performance Studies On Rigid Pavement Sections Built On Stabilized Sulfate Soils, Deepti Vasudev
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Soils of Southeast Arlington are highly expansive and rich in sulfates. They undergo sulfate induced heaving when traditional calcium based stabilizers are used for soil stabilization (Puppala et al. 1998). Traditional stabilizers do not provide effective solution since they are known to induce heaving, termed in the literature as sulfate induced heaving (Hunter, 1988). Both swelling and softening of these soils rich in sulfates induce considerable damage to overlying pavement infrastructure. Typically, high sulfate soils treated with calcium based stabilizers form ettringite mineral. Ettringite undergoes heaving when hydrated (Hunter, 1988; Puppala et al. 2001). Since this sulfate-induced heave is caused …
Effects Of A Debonding Flaw Size And Location On The Flexural Performance Of Cfrp Retrofitted Steel Sections, Sharad C. Choudhary
Effects Of A Debonding Flaw Size And Location On The Flexural Performance Of Cfrp Retrofitted Steel Sections, Sharad C. Choudhary
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
In US there are several thousand steel bridges at present. Out of them many bridges are at various level of advance deteriorations due to many years of service life and environmental factors. These bridges cannot be fully replaced so retrofitting is the best choice .Earlier steel plates were used. With introduction of FRP in 1960.It is replacing the steel plates as they are lighter in weight and can be made stronger than steel. While installation of these FRP some kinds of Flaws are encountered. The variation of strength of carbon fiber reinforced laminate used for structural repair or strengthening containing …
Runway Incursion Mitigation, Capacity Enhancement, And Safety Improvements With Perimeter Taxiway Operations At Dallas Fort Worth International Airport, Satyamangalam D. Satyamurti
Runway Incursion Mitigation, Capacity Enhancement, And Safety Improvements With Perimeter Taxiway Operations At Dallas Fort Worth International Airport, Satyamangalam D. Satyamurti
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
A perimeter taxiway (PT) or end-around taxiway (EAT) operation is a new concept being developed at several airports around the country to eliminate active departure runway incursions during peak periods. PTs will enhance capacity by permitting uninterrupted, safe, continuous takeoffs and landings within the operations framework and guidelines established by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). For this research, the Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport's (DFW) proposed PT operations are considered for analysis and evaluation. This concept is tested using actual historical flight data at DFW for simulation and analytical modeling based on the FAA safety factors available in the Visual SIMMOD …
Permeability Of Municipal Solid Waste In Bioreactor Landfill With Degradation, Kiran Kumar Penmethsa
Permeability Of Municipal Solid Waste In Bioreactor Landfill With Degradation, Kiran Kumar Penmethsa
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Bioreactor landfills are operated and controlled to accelerate refuse decomposition, gas production and biological stabilization of the municipal solid waste (MSW). Leachate recirculation in bioreactor landfill creates a favorable environment for rapid microbial decomposition of the biodegradable components of solid waste. Therefore, clear understanding of the mechanism of moisture movement within the solid waste would be necessary for successful design and operation of the bioreactor landfill. Permeability is an important parameter during the design of leachate collection and recirculation system. In the current study an experimental program was designed to determine the variation of coefficient of permeability of MSW with …
Autotrophic Denitrification Of Groundwater In A Granular Sulfur-Packed Up-Flow Reactor, Shih-Hui Pan
Autotrophic Denitrification Of Groundwater In A Granular Sulfur-Packed Up-Flow Reactor, Shih-Hui Pan
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Autotrophic denitrification is an effective treatment technique for nitrate removal from groundwater. Six basic elements are required for the growth of autotrophic denitrifiers: (1) electron donor, (2) electron acceptor, (3) active bacteria, (4) anoxic/anaerobic environment, (5) micronutrients, and (6) optimum pH and temperature. In this research, granular sulfur is an electron donor; nitrate is an electron acceptor; anoxic and anaerobic environment was maintained in the reactor, and micronutrients were added; pH was controlled between 6 and 9, and temperature was maintained at the room temperature (20 + 2 oC). Batch reactor and continuous up-flow reactor experiments were carried out to …
Operations-Oriented Performance Measures For Freeway Management Systems: Year 1 Report, Robert E. Brydia, William H. Schneider, Stephen P. Mattingly, Melanie L. Sattler, Auttawit Upayokin
Operations-Oriented Performance Measures For Freeway Management Systems: Year 1 Report, Robert E. Brydia, William H. Schneider, Stephen P. Mattingly, Melanie L. Sattler, Auttawit Upayokin
Civil Engineering Faculty Publications - Archive
This report describes the year 1 activities on the project titled “Using Operations-Oriented Performance Measures to Support Freeway Management Systems.” Work activities included a comprehensive statewide survey on the use of performance measurement, as well as the initial recommendation on both operations and emissions-oriented performance measures to use in support of daily operations.
Stated Preference Modeling And Analysis Of Managed Lanes, Kaveh Farokhi Sadabadi
Stated Preference Modeling And Analysis Of Managed Lanes, Kaveh Farokhi Sadabadi
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
The thesis deals with the Managed Lanes demand estimation problem in the state of Texas. Managed Lanes are a general type of High Occupancy Toll roads, whose lane management and operational features may be dynamically adjusted. A stated preference survey is designed in both English and Spanish to collect the required data. Each survey taker is presented with up to four scenarios. Scenarios are defined in terms of travel times in Managed Lanes versus General Purpose Lanes, as well as, the toll charged for access to the Managed Lane. Respondents were asked to choose among three modes and two lane …
A Weighted Residual Parabolic Acceleration Time Integration Method For Problems In Structural Dynamics, Ali Abolmaali, S.H. Razavi, M. Ghassemieh
A Weighted Residual Parabolic Acceleration Time Integration Method For Problems In Structural Dynamics, Ali Abolmaali, S.H. Razavi, M. Ghassemieh
Civil Engineering Faculty Publications - Archive
In the proposed method, the variation of displacement in each time step is assumed to be a fourth order polynomial in time and its five unknown coefficients are calculated based on: two initial conditions from the previous time step; satisfying the equation of motion at both ends of the time step; and the zero weighted residual within the time step. This method is non-dissipative and its dispersion is considerably less than in other popular methods. The stability of the method shows that the critical time step is more than twice of that for the linear acceleration method and its convergence …
Experimental Investigation Of Shear Capacity Of Precast Reinforced Concrete Box Culverts, Jarrod Clinton Burns
Experimental Investigation Of Shear Capacity Of Precast Reinforced Concrete Box Culverts, Jarrod Clinton Burns
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
This study presents the experimental investigation of the shear capacity of four precast rinforced concrete box culverts. Each culvert was subjected to a monotomically increasing load through a 20-in x 10-in load plate, designed to simulate a standard HS 20-44 wheel footprint. Each box was instrumented with the following: strain gages, load cell, high-resolution laser sensor, data acquisition hardware and software, and laptop computer. The tests were conducted on 1.22 m x 1.22 m x 1.22 m (4 ft x 4 ft x 4 ft) box culverts, with load being applied at the free spigot end. The location of the …
Analysis Of Hat Sectioned Reinforced Composite Beams Including Thermal Effects, Kashif Ali Nayyer Syed
Analysis Of Hat Sectioned Reinforced Composite Beams Including Thermal Effects, Kashif Ali Nayyer Syed
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
A simple analytical method for analyzing fiber reinforced polymeric composite beams with hat cross-section is presented. The method includes development of closed-form expression of the axial, bending and their coupling stiffness matrices for the composite beams. The stiffness matrices are obtained by transforming the actual geometrical cross-section of the beam into an equivalent plate using transformation matrices and Parallel Axis theorem. Ply stresses due to mechanical as well as thermal load can easily be obtained at any given location of the beam section. In this approach, the effect of induced in-plane deformation due to bending for an unsymmetrical cross-section is …
Trends Of Vehicular Emissions Due To The Effect Of Ethos® Fr As Fuel Additive, Shruthi Satyanarayan
Trends Of Vehicular Emissions Due To The Effect Of Ethos® Fr As Fuel Additive, Shruthi Satyanarayan
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
The main objective of this research was to observe if the addition of the fuel additive Ethos Fuel Reformulator significantly reduced the emissions of CO, CO2, HC and NOX from a light duty vehicle. Data collection was carried out before and after the application of Ethos FR for both Peak and Off-peak traffic conditions, on highway as well as arterial test track. The OBS-1300 analyzed second by second concentrations of the tailpipe emissions. Data analysis was conducted and the following results were observed. 1. There was a significant reduction in NOx Emissions, with the maximum of 45% in the Arterial …
Experimental And Finite Element Based Investigations Of Shear Behavior In Reinforced Concrete Box Culverts, Anil Kumar Garg
Experimental And Finite Element Based Investigations Of Shear Behavior In Reinforced Concrete Box Culverts, Anil Kumar Garg
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
This study evaluates the shear behavior and capacity of the precast concrete box culverts subjected to HS 20 truck wheel load. The most critical culvert behavior was considered by studying culverts subjected to zero depth fill and placed on rigid laboratory floor without bedding material. Three major phases were considered to complete the study, which included: (1) experimental program; (2) finite element modeling; and (3) development of distribution width and the determination of shear capacity. A full-scale experimental testing program was undertaken to perform tests on 24 typical precast concrete box culverts designated as per ASTM C 1433-05 with and …
Expressions For Bond Stress Of A Tension Splice In Steel Reinforced Concrete, Jkumar Gopalarathnam
Expressions For Bond Stress Of A Tension Splice In Steel Reinforced Concrete, Jkumar Gopalarathnam
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
The aim of the research is to develop expressions for the bond stress at a tension splice in reinforced concrete. Many experiments have been conducted inorder to ascertain the relationship between appropriate variables and develop an expression to evaluate the bond stress. The scope of this research is to use existing experimental data to establish a relation and develop an expression. Before the preprocessing begins, the data are organized into different categories such as bottom, top and side bars, and bars with transverse reinforcement. The existing experimental data is evaluated for statistical validation. It is then subjected to individual and …
Characterization Of Cemented And Fiber-Reinforced Rap Aggregate Materials For Base/ Sub-Base Applications, Carlos A. Ordonez
Characterization Of Cemented And Fiber-Reinforced Rap Aggregate Materials For Base/ Sub-Base Applications, Carlos A. Ordonez
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
The engineering product known as RAP is a bonded base and sub-base material produced by the process of blending crushed recycled construction and demolition waste and debris to specified gradation requirements, and by bonding these with a fine silica Portland cement matrix at optimum moisture for compaction density. RAP has a great potential as an economically, environmentally, and structurally sound alternative to non-bonded materials conventionally used for base/sub-base applications in pavement engineering. The present work is aimed at thoroughly testing the engineering properties of RAP product in order to assess its suitability as a structurally sound and environmentally safe material, …
Impact Of A Pre-Combustion Retrofit Device On Vehicular Emissions: A Case Study, Sri Harsha Kanukolanu
Impact Of A Pre-Combustion Retrofit Device On Vehicular Emissions: A Case Study, Sri Harsha Kanukolanu
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Vehicular emissions are a major cause of air pollution in the cities worldwide. Increased numbers of vehicles and the vehicle miles traveled by them every year means that the emissions are going to have a detrimental effect on the life and environment of this planet. Various control strategies are employed by the transportation and air quality managers at the state and regional levels to improve the ambient air quality. This research was conducted as part of the North Central Texas Council of Governments' Aftermarket Technology and Fuel Additive Research Program, its effort to make the DFW region's air cleaner. The …
Effectiveness Of Signal Coordination As An Emission Reduction Measure For Vehicles, Rajashi I. Parikh
Effectiveness Of Signal Coordination As An Emission Reduction Measure For Vehicles, Rajashi I. Parikh
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Air Pollution is a significant health and environmental concern. Vehicular emissions are major contributors to many air pollution problems. There is growing interest in reducing carbon dioxide emission because of the alarming increase in the pollution caused by petroleum resulting global warming issue. Various studies have found that U.S vehicles emit half of the CO2 emitted from vehicle all over the world. Dallas Fort Worth is a non-attainment area for ozone and it is required to achieve NAAQS standards by 2010. NOx and VOCs from the automobile are a major precursor of ozone formation in the atmosphere. Traffic signal retiming …
Assessment Of Soil-Water Retention Properties Of Lime And Cement Treated Clays, Harshavardhan Reddy Thudi
Assessment Of Soil-Water Retention Properties Of Lime And Cement Treated Clays, Harshavardhan Reddy Thudi
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
The soil-water characteristic curve (SWCC) of unsaturated soils has considerable importance in the analysis of geotechnical engineering problems involving soils that remain under partially saturated conditions throughout any given year. The SWCC reflects the behavior of unsaturated soils with regard to its hydraulic conductivity, shear strength, and volume change behavior. Numerous investigations have been undertaken in recent decades to extend the unsaturated soil mechanics principles into conventional engineering practice. The soil-water characteristic curve (SWCC) has become a widely used experimental means for assessing fundamental properties of unsaturated soils for a wide range of suction values. However, a limited number of …
General Response Of Kneading-Compacted Unsaturated Silty Sand Under Drained And Undrained True Triaxial Testing, Sangchul Pyo
General Response Of Kneading-Compacted Unsaturated Silty Sand Under Drained And Undrained True Triaxial Testing, Sangchul Pyo
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
A comprehensive series of 36 drained and 36 undrained true triaxial tests was accomplished to investigate the stress-strain-strength behaviour of kneading-compacted unsaturated silty sand (SP-SM) under multi-axial stress states. Test specimens were prepared at three different initial moist contents (6, 8, 10%) to achieve different compaction-induced suction conditions prior to testing. All samples were then subjected to either a drained or undrained multi-axial stress paths, including conventional triaxial compression (CTC), triaxial compression (TC), triaxial extension (TE), or simple shear (SS) stress path. Initial compaction-induced matric suction was assessed via the SWCC of test soil. The experimental program focuses on soil …
Photocatalytic Degradation Of Vocs, Toxics And Odors From Air Emissions Of Wastewater Treatment Plants And Municipal Solid Waste Landfills, Mita Suresh Upadhyay
Photocatalytic Degradation Of Vocs, Toxics And Odors From Air Emissions Of Wastewater Treatment Plants And Municipal Solid Waste Landfills, Mita Suresh Upadhyay
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
The 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments (CAAA) require more stringent controls of sources of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and hazardous air pollutants (HAPs). Air quality managers at the state level are responsible for developing State Implementation Plans (SIPs) to improve regional air quality. Both wastewater treatment and landfills facilities are sources of VOCs, HAPs and odors. This research examines the effectiveness of photocatalytic oxidation (PCO) in treating emissions from wastewater and landfill facilities. PCO rate constants of compounds such as methane, o-xylene, m-xylene, p-xylene and carbonyl sulfide are determined over titanium dioxide (TiO2) catalyst in a continuous mixed-batch reactor. The …
Evaluation Of Resilient Modulus Of Cement And Cement-Fiber Treated Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (Rap) Aggregates, Ajay Potturi
Evaluation Of Resilient Modulus Of Cement And Cement-Fiber Treated Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (Rap) Aggregates, Ajay Potturi
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Natural aggregates derived from a variety of source rocks have been used as a road base material. But the extraction of natural aggregates resources is increasingly being constrained by urbanization, increased costs and environmental concerns. Thus, increased amounts of reclaimed materials are being used to supplement natural aggregates in road construction. The 1993 EPA report mentioned that approximately 73 million tons of asphalt pavement material was recycled annually, which amounts to about 80% of the asphalt removed from pavements each year. The use of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) materials in road construction reduces both the amount of construction debris disposed …
Experimental Investigations On Small-Strain Stiffness Properties Of Partially Saturated Soils Via Resonant Column And Bender Element Testing, Phayak Takkabutr
Experimental Investigations On Small-Strain Stiffness Properties Of Partially Saturated Soils Via Resonant Column And Bender Element Testing, Phayak Takkabutr
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
A comprehensive series of resonant column (ASTM D 2325-68), bender element (ASTM C 778), pressure plate (ASTM D 4015-92), and filter paper (ASTM D 5298) tests were conducted on compacted specimens of poorly graded sand (SP) and high plasticity clay (CH) in order to assess the influence of key environmental factors, namely compaction-induced matric suction and Ko stress state, on small-strain stiffness properties of partially saturated soils. Compaction-induced matric suction in all test specimens was estimated via soil-water characteristic curves (SWCC) for each type of soil. The research work was accomplished in six broad stages. During Stage I, a modified …
Mode Choice Models For Long Distance Travel In Usa, Isaradatta Rasmidatta
Mode Choice Models For Long Distance Travel In Usa, Isaradatta Rasmidatta
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
The influences of technology and economic development on human activity are increasingly taking place on larger spatial scales. As a consequence, complementary interactions between urban regions are getting stronger, which causes urban regions to change. In order to stimulate the integration between regions and states level, policy makers need increased knowledge of the factors that influence long distance travel. From an environmental perspective, long distance trips can be very important because most of the trips are made in personal vehicles or airplanes that affect emissions and fuel consumption. Mode choice alternatives for long distance travel include: personal vehicle, air, and …
Investigation Of Bamboo As Reinforcement In Concrete, Youngsi Jung
Investigation Of Bamboo As Reinforcement In Concrete, Youngsi Jung
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
This study investigated the feasibility of using bamboo as a reinforcement alternative to steel in concrete structural members. The specifications studied were the bamboo's tensile strength and its pullout characteristics in concrete. Two types of bamboo, Solid and Moso, were used for tensile testing. The tensile test specimens were prepared with different lengths, 6 in (152 mm) and 12 in (304 mm), and different physical characteristics (with and without nodes). Tensile test specimens were tested to failure and their load deformation characteristics are reported. The failures of the test specimens were identified as: (1) node failure; (2) splitting failure; and …
Nonlinear Finite Element-Based Investigation Of The Effect Of Bedding Thickness On Underground Pipe, Anupong Kararam
Nonlinear Finite Element-Based Investigation Of The Effect Of Bedding Thickness On Underground Pipe, Anupong Kararam
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
The pipe-soil interaction is studied by using the finite element software, ABAQUS/CAE Version 6.5-1 as a symmetric model of embankment installation to study the effect of bedding property and thickness on pipe-soil interaction with increase in the height of fill. A three-dimensional finite element model (FEM) of the concrete pipe and surrounding soil is developed. The FEM is capable of simulating material, geometric, and contact nonlinearities which employs a nonlinear incremental solution algorithm. Several different element types and mesh size were tested to obtain the optimum converged mesh. These elements were eight-noded linear brick (C3D8R) and six-noded linear triangular prism …
Regional Prioritization Of Corridors For Traffic Signal Retiming, Sasanka Bhushan Pulipati
Regional Prioritization Of Corridors For Traffic Signal Retiming, Sasanka Bhushan Pulipati
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Every three to four years, the North Central Texas Council of Governments (NCTCOG) funds signal retiming projects to improve air quality in the Dallas-Fort Worth region. As sufficient funds are not available to retime all signals in the region at the same time, the retiming must be completed in phases. To optimize the impact of the retiming projects, the candidate corridors must be rank ordered or prioritized. NCTCOG applies a ranking model, which uses variables like delay, number of stops and system type, a dummy variable based on centralized control. The weighting for each factor is based on expert input …
Statistical Analysis Of Compressive Strength Of Clay Brick Masonry Prisms, Saman Afqahi Aryana
Statistical Analysis Of Compressive Strength Of Clay Brick Masonry Prisms, Saman Afqahi Aryana
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
The Specification for Masonry Structures section of the current governing masonry design document in the U.S., reported by the Masonry Standards Joint Committee (MSJC), contains tables that can be used to determine the compressive strength of masonry, f'm, as a function of the mortar type and the compressive strength of the unit employed to construct the masonry. The majority of the data gathered to create the current values in the MSJC Specification were generated in studies done prior to 1970. There have been significant changes in materials and procedures since this time frame, and there is a need to gather …
Determination Of Safe Buffer Width Of Roadway To Protect Human Health Form Harmful Nox Exposure, Hetal H. Bhatt
Determination Of Safe Buffer Width Of Roadway To Protect Human Health Form Harmful Nox Exposure, Hetal H. Bhatt
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
According to the 2004 EPA Trends Report, US on-road transportation sources emit 36% of nitrogen oxides (NOx), 63% of carbon monoxide (CO), and 29% of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). This research determines a safe roadway buffer width to protect human health from air pollutant (NOx) exposure. The method was used to determine a buffer width for NOx along Great Southwest Parkway in Grand Prairie, Texas. NOx health effects include eye, nose, throat, and lung irritation; cough; shortness of breath; tiredness and nausea. In the Dallas Fort Worth region, where Grand Prairie is located, on-road vehicles contribute over 50 % of …