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Articles 331 - 360 of 677
Full-Text Articles in Civil Engineering
Study Of Parameters Impacting Productivity Of Tunnel Boring Machines, Hamed Hashem Pour
Study Of Parameters Impacting Productivity Of Tunnel Boring Machines, Hamed Hashem Pour
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Tunnel construction has been on the rise for transportation of humans, freight and fluids. For a successful tunneling project, it is necessary for that tunneling contractors to have sufficient data about scope of work, project features and characteristics of the ground to estimate advance rate of the a tunnel boring machine (TBM). The main objective of this thesis is to study tunneling case studies and literature to analyze TBM productivity based on ground conditions, diameter and length of each project. Project data was tabulated and results are reported in this thesis. The methodology to conduct this research was literature search …
Laboratory Evaluation Of Tx- Prochem As An Ionic Liquid Stabilizer, Esmat Tavakoli
Laboratory Evaluation Of Tx- Prochem As An Ionic Liquid Stabilizer, Esmat Tavakoli
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Chemical treatment of pavement and foundation soil was conducted to improve workability during compaction, to increase the strength and stiffness of a foundation layer, and to reduce potential shrink and swell due to moisture changes and/or frost action. In this study, a commercial liquid ionic stabilizer (Tx ProChem) was evaluated based on its effectiveness to reduce swell potential and improve the strength of Texas expansive clay. This study also evaluated selected, representative liquid chemical stabilizers’ effect on expansive clay soil. The research presented herein assesses how much the chemical treatments changed the relevant engineering properties of the test soil as …
Hydraulic Performance Evaluation Of Evapotranspiration Cover Systems, Brett James De Vries
Hydraulic Performance Evaluation Of Evapotranspiration Cover Systems, Brett James De Vries
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Although alternative covers such as the evapotranspiration (ET) landfill cover system promise to provide equivalent or greater performance than conventional cover systems, uncertainties remain on the performance of these type of cover systems. The uncertainties associated with performance may derive from the relative newness of these covers (when compared to conventional landfill cover systems); and their dependency on relatively site-specific factors such as: climatic, vegetation, and soil conditions. As a results, the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) requires a landfill facility to design and then verify the design and performance through site specific field scale testing (TCEQ 2012). Utilizing …
Novel Approach For Selective Decomposition Of Target Water Contaminants Onto Porous Titanium Dioxide, Abolfazl Zakersalehi
Novel Approach For Selective Decomposition Of Target Water Contaminants Onto Porous Titanium Dioxide, Abolfazl Zakersalehi
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Manipulation of physical and chemical properties of matter with nanoscale precision will enhance our ability for fabrication of material with intended characteristics for environmental applications. In this study we presented two main frameworks for addressing non-selectivity issue in TiO2 photocatalysts, which is believed to be a major drawback in full-scale application of this technology. First, a purely physical approach for enhancing selectivity of nanostructured TiO2 photocatalysts toward water target contaminants have been achieved via tailor-designing meso-porous structure of TiO2. This simple, yet effective method is mainly based on size-exclusion as a mean toward preferential decomposition. It was hypothesized controlled mesoporous …
Harmful Algal Blooms And Biological Toxins Productions; From Integrated Monitoring Approach To On-Site Solar Photocatalytic Decomposition, Hesam Zaman Khan Malayeri
Harmful Algal Blooms And Biological Toxins Productions; From Integrated Monitoring Approach To On-Site Solar Photocatalytic Decomposition, Hesam Zaman Khan Malayeri
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Occurrence of Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) worldwide has caused concern to environmental and health authorities because of their potential to generate and release biological toxins. In particular, microcystins (MCs) produced from cyanobacteria are of great concern. MCs are among the most powerful natural poisons. The presence of MCs in drinking water sources has raised major concern. The overall goal of this research is to predict formation of biological toxins in water bodies and to develop a new sustainable approach to decompose them, if feasible, on-site and in real-time with minimal efforts, less chemicals, and low energy inputs. In order to …
Moisture Distribution Efficiency And Performance Evaluations Of Bioreactor Landfill Operations, Md Zahangir Alam
Moisture Distribution Efficiency And Performance Evaluations Of Bioreactor Landfill Operations, Md Zahangir Alam
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Bioreactor landfills are operated in a modern engineered way to accelerate waste decomposition, gas production, and waste stabilization. The major aspect of a bioreactor landfill operation is associated with the addition of supplemental liquid or leachate recirculation, and the effective operation primarily depends on efficient moisture distribution throughout the waste mass, which enhances performance. The performance of an effective landfill operation can be assessed by several indicators, i.e., leachate generation, gas production, and landfill settlement. Bioreactor landfill operations have several significant economic and environmental advantages, but the impact of efficient moisture distribution and the assessment of performance through combined indicators …
Investigation Of Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Crack Width Measurement By Finite Element Method, Sina Abhaee
Investigation Of Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Crack Width Measurement By Finite Element Method, Sina Abhaee
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
This study presents numerical and experimental investigations of flexural cracking, post-cracking strength, and fracture energy of the dry-cast synthetic fiber reinforced concrete (FRC). Notched and un-notched beams for two fiber volume fractions were tested under flexural loading based on the recommendations of RILEM TC 162-TDF and ASTM C1609. The crack profile in terms of crack propagation and crack width, was assessed, using the two-dimensional digital image correlation (2D DIC) technique. Images of the specimen’s surface were captured during the test, and, surface deformation field was obtained by means of 2D DIC analysis. The nonlinear, 3D finite element method (FEM) modeling …
Hydrocarbon Pool Fire Performance Of Fiber Reinforced Polymer (Frp) Strengthened And Thermally Insulated Bridge Girders, Eyosias Solomon Beneberu
Hydrocarbon Pool Fire Performance Of Fiber Reinforced Polymer (Frp) Strengthened And Thermally Insulated Bridge Girders, Eyosias Solomon Beneberu
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Highway bridges encounter various extreme load hazards, such as earthquake, flood, blast, collision, wind and fire during their design lives. The effect of accidental, natural or man-made fire on bridges is one of the least investigated which may be due to the assumption that bridge fire has a low probability of occurrence. However, a bridge failure survey showed that fire had caused more bridge collapse in the USA than earthquakes. The main objective of the current research is to study concrete bridges in general, and fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) strengthened bridge girders in particular against fire hazard. The research is …
Life Cycle Assessment Of Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Traditional Air Pollutants, Water Depletion, And Cumulative Energy Demand From 2-Mw Wind Turbines In Texas, Ali Alsaleh
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
¶One renewable energy source that has witnessed a significant growth in the recent years is wind energy, with the installation of new wind farms around the globe as well as the innovations in wind power technology, which have increased the efficiency of this source. Wind power generates electrical energy from the wind’s kinetic energy without causing emissions or pollution from power production; however, environmental effects are caused by the wind turbine manufacturing, transport, and other phases. Therefore, the overall goal of this study was to analyze the environmental effects associated with wind energy technology by taking into consideration the entire …
Heat Transfer In Unsaturated Soil With Application To Borehole Thermal Energy Storage, Ali Moradi, Kathleen M. Smits, Ning Lu, John S. Mccartney
Heat Transfer In Unsaturated Soil With Application To Borehole Thermal Energy Storage, Ali Moradi, Kathleen M. Smits, Ning Lu, John S. Mccartney
Civil Engineering Faculty Publications - Archive
In this study, we numerically and experimentally evaluated heat transfer in soils under unsaturated conditions in the context of simulating a laboratory-scale, three-dimensional soil-borehole thermal energy storage (SBTES) system. Most previous studies assumed that soil thermal and hydraulic properties are constant and that heat transfer in soil occurs only in the form of conduction, neglecting convective and latent heat transfer. In addition, there is a lack of data from controlled experiments to validate multiphase numerical models that can be used to better study SBTES systems installed in the vadose zone. The goal of this study was to evaluate the significance …
Evaluation And Development Of A Structurally Enhanced Pvc Water Pipe, Ameya Brahmanand Paradkar
Evaluation And Development Of A Structurally Enhanced Pvc Water Pipe, Ameya Brahmanand Paradkar
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Many U.S. utilities rely upon iron pipe to deliver water through their distribution network. It has only been in the past 50 years that other products have penetrated into the water utilities' pipeline. The industry has turned to various cementitious and plastic materials largely to overcome aggressive soil and water that can be corrosive to metallic pipes. This dissertation will discuss a new pipe material called iPVC pipe manufactured by Pyunghwa Pipe Industry Inc. (PPI), South Korea. The iPVC pipe was evaluated by a series of selective testing on the pipe, including impact, stiffness, tensile, short-term hydrostatic burst pressure, fatigue …
Numerical And Experimental Investigation Of Buried Large-Diameter Steel Pipes With Controlled Low-Strength Material, Margarita Takou
Numerical And Experimental Investigation Of Buried Large-Diameter Steel Pipes With Controlled Low-Strength Material, Margarita Takou
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
The main goal of this research was to gain an in-depth understanding of the behavior of buried large-diameter pipes with controlled low-strength material (CLSM). Design equations were developed based on extensive parametric studies that aimed for an optimized design for designers in industry. Both experimental and numerical methods were espoused in the investigating procedure. The pipe-soil structure characteristics of the experimental analysis were: (a) steel pipe diameter of 108 in., (b) steel pipe thickness of 0.47 in., (c) mortar liner applied at the inner surface of the pipe with thickness of 0.5 +1/6 in., (d) CLSM applied around the pipe …
Calibration Of Mepdg Performance Models For Flexible Pavement Distresses To Local Conditions Of Ontario, Nelson Fernando Cunha Coelho
Calibration Of Mepdg Performance Models For Flexible Pavement Distresses To Local Conditions Of Ontario, Nelson Fernando Cunha Coelho
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
The implementation of the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) Mechanistical-Empirical Pavement Design requires the development of a design procedure that can be used by the agencies and engineering consultants to design new and reconstructed rigid and flexible pavements. To calibrate the design procedure for a region, a large dataset representing the particular local conditions is needed. It includes traffic, climate, site material characteristics, performance requirements and historical data. The performance models were calibrated in North America using the Long Term Pavement Database Program (LTPP), therefore, the models must be calibrated to local conditions in order to …
Integrated Evaluation Of Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Traditional Air Pollutants, And Economics Of Three Types Of Landfills, Reza Broun
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Despite the decreasing rate of landfilled waste due to increases in reuse and recycling, landfilling remains an enormous part of the waste industry of the United States due to population and economic growth. In addition, certain wastes are not easily recycled due to their mixed composition (i.e. a cardboard carton with a plastic lining) or their contamination (i.e. diapers). The primary goal of this research is to develop a comprehensive framework that can help landfill designers chose the best type of landfill (conventional, bioreactor, or aerobic) for a given situation based on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, traditional air pollutants and …
A Decision Support System For Traffic Diversion Around Construction Closures, Arezoo Memarian
A Decision Support System For Traffic Diversion Around Construction Closures, Arezoo Memarian
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
As highway infrastructure ages and road congestion increases, roads need to be expanded and reconstructed. It results in creating many construction sites and work zones on highways, which leads to an unavoidable interruption in normal traffic flows and have resulted in traffic congestion, more vehicle emissions, and traffic safety problems. During roadway construction, when lanes or entire highway sections must be temporarily closed, traffic managers would like to inform motorists of alternative routes around the construction site well in advance of the project location. This would help reduce traffic demand through the construction site, enhance the safety of the workers …
Group Assignment And Annual Average Daily Traffic Estimation Of Short-Term Traffic Counts Using Gaussian Mixture Modeling And Neural Network Models, Sunil Kumar Madanu
Group Assignment And Annual Average Daily Traffic Estimation Of Short-Term Traffic Counts Using Gaussian Mixture Modeling And Neural Network Models, Sunil Kumar Madanu
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
The grouping of similar traffic patterns and cluster assignment process represent the most critical steps in AADT estimation from short-term traffic counts. Incorrect grouping and assignment often become a significant source of AADT estimation errors. For instance, grouping a commuter traffic trend pattern into a recreational traffic trend may produce an erroneous AADT value. The traditional knowledge-based methods, often aided with visual interpretation, introduce subjective bias while grouping traffic patterns. In addition, the grouping requires personnel resources to process large amounts of data and remains inefficient with unapparent traffic patterns. The functional class grouping, a traditional method, also produces larger …
Evaluation Of Food Waste Diversion Potential And Economics Of Using Food Waste Dehydrators, Arindam Dhar
Evaluation Of Food Waste Diversion Potential And Economics Of Using Food Waste Dehydrators, Arindam Dhar
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
According to US EPA (2013), food waste is the second largest component (14.6%) of MSW composition in the US, preceded only by paper. Apart from the negative environmental impacts of food waste through methane and leachate generation, it also incurs huge cost to landfill them. Hence, food waste diversion from landfills is becoming a major issue in landfills across many US states. Though biological treatment of food waste is a potential alternative for food waste diversion, the existing scale of this type of treatment is very narrow. On-site treatment of food waste is a suitable alternative as it can be …
Impact Of Wet-Dry Cycle On Mechanical Properties Of Expansive Clay Under Low Overburden Stress, Md Ashrafuzzaman Khan
Impact Of Wet-Dry Cycle On Mechanical Properties Of Expansive Clay Under Low Overburden Stress, Md Ashrafuzzaman Khan
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
The seasonal variation in the water content termed as drying-wetting cycle is one of the most important environmental factor that may cause the degradation of strength for expansive clay. Highway embankment within the north Texas region are mostly constructed on expansive clay and shallow slope failures pose a significant maintenance problem for the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT). Understanding the strength loss mechanism of the expansive clay will provide some useful guidelines to design embankment with adequate factor of safety for long term drained condition. Impact of wet-dry cycle on the high plastic clay strength was measured by several researchers …
Finite Element Analysis For Astm C-76 Reinforced Concrete Pipes With Reduced Steel Cage, Amin Darabnoush Tehrani
Finite Element Analysis For Astm C-76 Reinforced Concrete Pipes With Reduced Steel Cage, Amin Darabnoush Tehrani
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Reinforced concrete pipes (RCP) are composite pipes which have been widely used in the industry for more than ten decades. They are generally used for sewerage, water drainage, and industrial waste water. There are two methods for designing the RCP so that it will bear the soil weight and the live load on it: Indirect design (ID) and direct design (DD) methods. ASTM C76 (1) classifies pipes into five categories. The five categories of pipes have been classified in order of ascending pipe diameter with their required load and reinforcement’s area. Typically, there are two reinforcement types: circumferential and longitudinal. …
Infiltration Study Using Tdr Techniques, Saurav Sinha
Infiltration Study Using Tdr Techniques, Saurav Sinha
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
The study of water flow or infiltration in an unsaturated soil is a highly non-linear and complex problem, simultaneous verification of field and laboratory results is a convenient and practical approach to test the results. In this study, Time domain reflectometry (TDR) sensors are installed at three different locations close to a water body (Creek) in Arlington, Texas which is a part of the National Science Foundation Project titled “Cyper SEES: Type 2: Integrative Sensing and Prediction of Urban Water for Sustainable Cities (iSPUW)”. Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) and Time Domain Transmissometry (TDT) sensors were deployed at five different depths …
A Decision Support System Tool For Dynamic Pricing Of Managed Lanes, Maryam Zabihi
A Decision Support System Tool For Dynamic Pricing Of Managed Lanes, Maryam Zabihi
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Congestion pricing and managed lanes (ML) have been recently gaining interest around the country as a congestion management tool and as a means of revenue generation for facility maintenance and expansion as well repayment of highway construction debts. Congestion pricing in MLs entails one of several strategies, including time of day pricing, dynamic pricing based on predicted/anticipated traffic conditions, and real-time dynamic pricing based on actual traffic conditions. The overall goal of this study has been to develop a Decision Support System (DSS) tool based on drivers’ revealed willingness to pay (WTP) values. This should determine more effective dynamic toll …
Evaluation Of Structural Capacity Of Epoxy-Coated Concrete Pipes And Its Interaction With Soil, Elmira Riahi
Evaluation Of Structural Capacity Of Epoxy-Coated Concrete Pipes And Its Interaction With Soil, Elmira Riahi
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Rehabilitation of concrete structures by using synthetic resins such as epoxy is increasing worldwide. Understanding the structural behavior of the resultant composite structure and the interaction between the coating and concrete can be beneficial in predicting performance of the rehabilitated structure. However, very little is known about the strength of the epoxy-coated concrete. This researcher conducted laboratory experiments designed to evaluate epoxy coated concrete specimens under different load configurations with an emphasis on its stress-strain characteristics. The tests include uniaxial compression cylindrical specimens, three-point and four-point bending and tests on beam specimens and three-edge bearing tests on concrete pipe specimens. …
Thermal Conductivity Of Binary Sand Mixtures Evaluated Through Full Water Content Range, Benjamin M. Wallen, Kathleen M. Smits, Toshihiro Sakaki, Stacy E. Howington, T.K.K. Chamindu Deepagoda
Thermal Conductivity Of Binary Sand Mixtures Evaluated Through Full Water Content Range, Benjamin M. Wallen, Kathleen M. Smits, Toshihiro Sakaki, Stacy E. Howington, T.K.K. Chamindu Deepagoda
Civil Engineering Faculty Publications - Archive
A soil’s grain-size distribution affects its physical and hydraulic properties; however, little is known about its effect on soil thermal properties. To better understand how grain-size distribution affects soil thermal properties, specifically the effective thermal conductivity, a set of laboratory experiments was performed using binary mixtures of two uniform sands tightly packed with seven different mixing fractions over the full range of saturation. For each binary mixture, the effective thermal conductivity, l, capillary pressure, hc, and volumetric water content, q, were measured. Results demonstrated that the l–q relationship exhibited distinct characteristics based on the percentage of fine- and coarse-grained sands. …
Strengthening Of Lightweight Reinforced Concrete Beams Using Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers (Cfrp), Tariq Al Jaafreh
Strengthening Of Lightweight Reinforced Concrete Beams Using Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers (Cfrp), Tariq Al Jaafreh
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
This research aimed to investigate the effect of utilizing “Fiber Reinforced Polymer” (FRP) on the light weight concrete beams. The main hypothesis is that such utilization of the FRP will lead to strengthened lightweight beams. The research that has been done on this relationship is somewhat broad in the scope and have mostly focused on the normal-weight concrete. However, only few studies that have considered the light weight concrete. Eight Beams were tested in this research under four point bending test. Two beams were taken as a control beams without any external bonding of Carbon Fiber Reinforced polymer. Another two …
Comparison Of Methane Production From Household Waste, Sunita Baniya
Comparison Of Methane Production From Household Waste, Sunita Baniya
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Anaerobic digestion is a biochemical process in which various microorganisms transform complex organic compounds to methane, along with carbon dioxide, water vapor and a small amount of other trace gases in absence of oxygen. Methane from anaerobic digestion processes is being increasingly utilized as an alternative energy source in developing as well as developed countries. These days the energy crisis is very acute in rural communities of developing countries, where fuelwood has been and still is the major source of daily used fuel. Through anaerobic digestion, clean-burning fuel for cooking can be produced from degradation of household organic wastes, solving …
Impact Of Weather Factors On Go-Around Occurrence, Bharath Donavalli
Impact Of Weather Factors On Go-Around Occurrence, Bharath Donavalli
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
A “go-around” occurs when an aircraft, which is on final approach, aborts it landing due to unsatisfactory conditions. Go-arounds have a significant impact on the capacity of the airports and pose a serious concern at large airports, especially for airports with diagonal runways. Go-arounds occur due to manual errors, mechanical faults and weather factors. This study focuses on the impact of weather factors on go-around occurrence. The study includes wind gust, storm events (thunderstorm, rain and snow) and visibility as the weather factors under investigation. The author uses a factorial sampling strategy where these factors are segmented into additional categories …
Sustainable Reuse Of Fly Ash To Mitigate Landfill Methane, Sharon Priyadarshini
Sustainable Reuse Of Fly Ash To Mitigate Landfill Methane, Sharon Priyadarshini
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
According to US, EIA 2014 coal alone produces nearly 40% of electricity more than another source in US. Out of the 110 million tons of Coal combustion by-products (CCBs) generated per year as a result of coal combustion, 47% is reused whereas 53% is stored on-site or sent to landfills. There are a number of adverse economic and environmental impacts associated with storage and disposal of coal. Methane (CH4) is a powerful greenhouse gas (GHG), contributing 32% of current climate forcing (US EPA, 2015). Landfill gas comprises of 50-55% CH4 and 40-45% CO2. Global warming potential of CH4 is 28 …
Air Dispersion Modeling Of Multiple Natural Gas Well Pads At Different Terrain Conditions And Determination Of Inverse Distance Weighting Function Exponent, Fatemeh Khalaj
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Natural gas production and development has been widely spreading all over the United States. Texas has been leading the nation in natural gas production by holding approximately twenty three percent of the nation’s natural gas reserves. However, natural gas exploration, drilling, production and distribution process have impacts on air quality and human health. The emissions from natural gas processes could be categorized as volatile organic compounds (including Hazardous Air Pollutants), methane, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxides, particulate matter and some other minor emitted pollutants, which have the potential of causing serious health problems and also impact air quality from an environmental …
Safety Aspects Of Bicyclists In A Connected Vehicle Environment, Ajaykumar Patil
Safety Aspects Of Bicyclists In A Connected Vehicle Environment, Ajaykumar Patil
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
The revival in the number of bicyclists, bike infrastructure investments and bike policies in the U.S. in the last two decades has escalated the importance of bicycling as a mode of transportation. With the proliferating role of the bicycle mode, bike fatalities continue to grow, too. In response to the increase in fatalities and crashes caused by human driven vehicles, the automobile industry and governments seek to develop autonomous vehicles that can address most of the human related crash causes. While increasing safety remains the primary goal of autonomous vehicles (AV) innovation, the difficulty of bicyclist and pedestrian detection using …
Improving Hydrologic Prediction For Large Urban Areas Through Stochastic Analysis Of Scale-Dependent Runoff Response, Advanced Sensing And High-Resolution Modeling, Amir Norouzi
Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive
Due to urbanization and climate change, large urban areas such as the DallasFort Worth Metroplex (DFW) area is vulnerable not only to river flooding but also flash flooding. Due to the nonstationarities involved, projecting how the changes in land cover and climate may modify flood frequency in large urban areas is a challenge. Part I of this work develops a simple spatial stochastic model for rainfall-to-areal runoff in urban areas, evaluates climatological mean and variance of mean areal runoff (MAR) over a range of catchment scales, translates them into runoff frequency as a proxy for flood frequency, and assesses its …