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Articles 31 - 60 of 360
Full-Text Articles in Civil Engineering
Analytical Study Of Deep Learning Methods For Road Condition Assessment, Elham Eslami
Analytical Study Of Deep Learning Methods For Road Condition Assessment, Elham Eslami
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
Automated pavement distress recognition is a key step in smart infrastructure assessment. Advances in deep learning and computer vision have improved the automated recognition of pavement distresses in road surface images. This task, however, remains challenging due to the high variations in road objects and pavement types, variety of lighting condition, low contrast, and background noises in pavement images. In this dissertation, we propose novel deep learning algorithms for image-based road condition assessment to tackle current challenges in detection, classification and segmentation of pavement images. Motivated by the need for classifying a wide range of objects in road monitoring, this …
An Econometric Analysis Of Domestic Aviation In The Us, Sudipta Dey Tirtha
An Econometric Analysis Of Domestic Aviation In The Us, Sudipta Dey Tirtha
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
In this dissertation, we examine two dimensions of domestic aviation - demand and delay - that directly influence economic impact of the sector. We conduct a comprehensive analysis of airline demand employing airline data compiled by Bureau of Transportation Statistics. The demand analysis is conducted in three steps. First, we propose a novel modeling approach for modeling airline demand evolution over time. Specifically, we develop a joint panel group generalized ordered probit (GGOP) model system for modeling air passenger arrivals and departures in a discretized framework that subsumes the traditional linear regression approach. Further, we consider the influence of observed …
Distracted Driving And Pedestrians' Effects On Headway At Signalized Intersections, Bassel Elgamal
Distracted Driving And Pedestrians' Effects On Headway At Signalized Intersections, Bassel Elgamal
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
Distracted driving and pedestrians pose one of the most difficult challenges to ensuring a safe and efficient transportation system. Modern communications have delivered greater convenience. However, this has come at the cost of attention spans. Safety has been thoroughly explored in terms of distracted driving and pedestrians. However, impacts on traffic operations have received minimal research attention. Few studies provided a theoretical mechanism on how intersection operations can be affected but failed to quantify the real-life impacts on traffic operations. Furthermore, new Florida laws prohibit cellphone usage while driving but is allowed when the vehicle is stationary, which may result …
High Fidelity Injury Severity Analysis Using Econometric Modeling Approaches, Ahmed Kabli
High Fidelity Injury Severity Analysis Using Econometric Modeling Approaches, Ahmed Kabli
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
Crash severity models are typically developed using police reported injury severity databases. However, several research studies have identified various challenges associated with police reported data. Therefore, the current dissertation is focusing on developing high resolution crash severity models based on medical professional driver injury severity reported using Abbreviated Injury Scale for eight body regions. The dissertation focused on developing a disaggregate injury severity modeling framework that can enhance the estimation accuracy of independent variable impacts on severity. Within this broad research vision, the dissertation has multiple objectives. First, a joint random parameters multivariate model structure with as many dimensions as …
Analysis Of Shear Failure In Ultra-High Performance Concrete Beams, Kevin Conway
Analysis Of Shear Failure In Ultra-High Performance Concrete Beams, Kevin Conway
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
Ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) is an emerging cementitious material type currently undergoing research in different structural applications. This material is characterized by a compressive strength of 150 MPa (22 ksi), according to the Association Francaise de Genie Civil and the Federal Highway Administration, high tension strength, and high durability. Additionally, UHPC consists of secondary reinforcement in the form of steel or polymeric fibers, which enable UHPC to exhibit tension hardening behavior and tension ductility previously ignored in conventional concrete mixes. Previous research has focused on applications in the transportation and bridge design industries; however, applications in buildings and other heavy …
Testing The Influence Of Water Depth In Design Of Created Oyster Reef For Living Shoreline Applications, Peter Vien
Testing The Influence Of Water Depth In Design Of Created Oyster Reef For Living Shoreline Applications, Peter Vien
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
Living shoreline stabilization has become a popular practice in shoreline restoration and bank protection; however, there are still many uncertainties regarding effective site design using living materials. For example, natural wave-breaks may be formed of created reefs, but the optimum water depth for hydrodynamic influence may differ from the preferred depth to ensure organism recruitment. The objective of this research is to understand how water depth relative to the crest of submerged artificial oyster reef structures influences nearshore hydrodynamic processes and sediment transport or retention in nearshore areas. A field study, sited in a microtidal estuary on the Atlantic coast …
A Deep Learning Approach For Spatiotemporal-Data-Driven Traffic State Estimation, Amr Hatem Ragaa Abdelraouf
A Deep Learning Approach For Spatiotemporal-Data-Driven Traffic State Estimation, Amr Hatem Ragaa Abdelraouf
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
The past decade witnessed rapid developments in traffic data sensing technologies in the form of roadside detector hardware, vehicle on-board units, and pedestrian wearable devices. The growing magnitude and complexity of the available traffic data has fueled the demand for data-driven models that can handle large scale inputs. In the recent past, deep-learning-powered algorithms have become the state-of-the-art for various data-driven applications. In this research, three applications of deep learning algorithms for traffic state estimation were investigated. Firstly, network-wide traffic parameters estimation was explored. An attention-based multi-encoder-decoder (Att-MED) neural network architecture was proposed and trained to predict freeway traffic speed …
Automated Vehicle To Vehicle Conflict Analysis At Signalized Intersections By Camera And Lidar Sensor Fusion, Alabi Mehzabin Anisha
Automated Vehicle To Vehicle Conflict Analysis At Signalized Intersections By Camera And Lidar Sensor Fusion, Alabi Mehzabin Anisha
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
This research presents an approach for safety diagnosis using sensor fusion techniques. This work fuses the outputs of a roadside low-resolution camera and a solid-state LiDAR. For vehicle classification and detection in videos, the YOLO v5 object detection model was utilized. The raw 3D point clouds generated by the LiDAR are processed by two manual steps - ground plane transformation and background segmentation, and two real-time steps - foreground clustering, and bounding box fitting. Taking the generated 2D bounding boxes of both camera and LiDAR, we associate the common bounding box pairs by thresholding on the Euclidean distance threshold of …
Assessing Public Perception And Proposing An Organized Questionnaire For The Deployment And Adoption Of Autonomous Vehicles, Md Rakibul Islam
Assessing Public Perception And Proposing An Organized Questionnaire For The Deployment And Adoption Of Autonomous Vehicles, Md Rakibul Islam
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
Since the general public will play a central role in the evolution of AVs, research has been performed to assess their perception and acceptance of AVs. Nevertheless, the most potential users of AVs, i.e., young, students, and more educated people, have not received any particular focus in those studies. This research gap has motivated us to assess their perceptions. Extensive data analyses of the survey at the University of Central Florida with a sample of 315 reveal that on average 57% of the respondents were familiar with AVs, and about 44% of the respondents felt positive perceptions toward AVs. Around …
Spatiotemporal Analysis Of Taxi And Transportation Network Companies (Tnc) Demand In The Wake Of Covid-19, Dewan Ashraful Parvez
Spatiotemporal Analysis Of Taxi And Transportation Network Companies (Tnc) Demand In The Wake Of Covid-19, Dewan Ashraful Parvez
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
The objective of the thesis is to understand the factors affecting spatiotemporal ridehailing demand patterns as the COVID-19 pandemic has evolved. Specifically, the current study examines the key contributing factors of weekly ridehailing demand by employing Taxi and Transportation Network Companies (TNC) trip data from January 2019 through December 2020 for New York City. The ridehailing demand is partitioned across four time periods including Morning Peak, Morning Off Peak, Evening Peak and Evening Off Peak to accommodate for the time-of-day specific variations. Drawing on the high-resolution NYC data, the current study developed pooled spatial panel models to accommodate for the …
Development Of Active Learning Data Fixing Tool With Visual Analytics To Enhance Traffic Near-Miss Diagnosis, Jinyu Pei
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
This study proposes a software to upgrade the UCF SST's Automated Roadway Conflicts Identification System (ARCIS), a pixel-to-pixel manner automated safety diagnostics and conflict identification system. The system is developed to extract vehicles' trajectories and traffic parameters using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) video and utilizing deep learning techniques. A user-friendly tool to improve rapid system development with active-learning, data analysis, and visualization techniques is introduced, which is capable of traffic safety near-miss diagnostics based on the ARCIS output. Multiple approaches are used to enhance the system performance, including video stabilization, object filtering, stitching multiple videos, vehicle detection and tracing. In …
Modeling, Reconstruction, And Trend Analysis Of Global Storm Surges Using A Data-Driven Approach, Michael Getachew Tadesse
Modeling, Reconstruction, And Trend Analysis Of Global Storm Surges Using A Data-Driven Approach, Michael Getachew Tadesse
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
Storm surge is the deadliest component of extreme sea levels with one of the highest global death tolls per event. Tide gauges are the primary sources for historical sea-level measurements from which storm surge data is extracted. However, tide gauges are unevenly distributed across the globe, and most records are short in length and have gaps; this creates a challenge to assess long-term trends and perform robust extreme value analysis. This dissertation introduces a data-driven storm surge modeling framework that trains statistical and machine learning models with atmospheric and oceanographic variables. Data-driven models (DDMs) are trained and validated for more …
Enhancing The Decision-Making Process For Public-Private Partnerships' Concession Agreements: Socio-Economic Sustainability Approaches, Faisal Alghamdi
Enhancing The Decision-Making Process For Public-Private Partnerships' Concession Agreements: Socio-Economic Sustainability Approaches, Faisal Alghamdi
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
Designing a concession for Public-Private Partnerships (PPP) agreements is a complicated process due to the number of variables that need to be considered. The PPP concession has many parameters and components, and a change in one component will considerably impact other components. Hence, the determination of the fair values of the concession components needs to be based on mutual benefits between the concession participants. The concession participants have different parts in the development of the concession; hence, they have different perspectives and goals. Therefore, the concession design needs to be constructed to balance the interests of the involved parties to …
Effect Of Various Speed Management Strategies On Bicycle Crashes For Urban Roads In Central Florida, Jorge Ugan
Effect Of Various Speed Management Strategies On Bicycle Crashes For Urban Roads In Central Florida, Jorge Ugan
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
In recent years, cycling has become an increasingly popular transportation mode around the world. In contrast to other popular modes of transportation, cycling is more economic and energy efficient. While many studies have been conducted for the bicycle safety analysis, most of them were limited in terms of bicycle exposure data and on-street data. This study tries to improve the current safety performance functions for bicycle crashes at urban corridors by utilizing crowdsource data from STRAVA and on-street speed management strategies data. Speed management strategies are any roadway alterations that causes a change in motorists' driving behavior. In Florida, these …
The Potential Of Location Data For Contact Tracing And Understanding Individual Mobility During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Marcus Figaro
The Potential Of Location Data For Contact Tracing And Understanding Individual Mobility During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Marcus Figaro
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
In this study, we first review contact tracing methods used during the COVID-19 pandemic and provide an analysis of the benefits and drawbacks of different data collection and privacy protection methods. Our findings provide the benefits and drawbacks of using GPS versus Bluetooth for contact tracing, as well as the different data collection and storage methods and their effectiveness in protecting user privacy. We then analyze Twitter data to understand individual mobility behavior and sentiment by using a Natural Language Processing tool on text content of user tweets and Tweet coordinate data. Social media's ability to provide data on location …
Data Driven Methods For Large Scale Network Level Traffic Modeling, Rezaur Rahman
Data Driven Methods For Large Scale Network Level Traffic Modeling, Rezaur Rahman
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
Rapid growth in population along with urban-centric activities impose a massive demand on existing transportation systems, thus increasing traffic congestion and other mobility related challenges. To overcome such challenges, we need network-scale models to accurately predict real-time traffic demand and associated congestion. However, traditional network modeling approaches have shortcomings due to the complexity in traffic flow modeling, limited scope to incorporate real-time data available from emerging data sources and requiring excessive computation time to generate accurate estimation of traffic flows. Advancement in traffic sensing technologies with big data has created a new opportunity to overcome these challenges and implement deployable …
A Linear Dynamical Perspective On Epidemiology: Interplay Between Early Covid-19 Outbreak And Human Mobility, Shakib Mustavee
A Linear Dynamical Perspective On Epidemiology: Interplay Between Early Covid-19 Outbreak And Human Mobility, Shakib Mustavee
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
This research investigates the impact of human activity and mobility (HAM) in the spreading dynamics of an epidemic. Specifically, it explores the interconnections between HAM and its effect on the early spread of the COVID-19 virus. During the early stages of the pandemic, effective reproduction numbers exhibited a high correlation with human mobility patterns, leading to a hypothesis that the HAM system can be studied as a coupled system with disease spread dynamics. This study applies the generalized Koopman framework with control inputs to determine the nonlinear disease spread dynamics and the input-output characteristics as a locally linear controlled dynamical …
Understanding Process Controls On Flow Duration Curves Through A Novel Framework, Saba Ghotbi
Understanding Process Controls On Flow Duration Curves Through A Novel Framework, Saba Ghotbi
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
Flow duration curve (FDC) is a hydrologically representation of the statistical distribution of daily streamflows. For a long time, hydrologists have sought deeper understanding of the process controls on the shape of FDC, which has been a challenge due to contrasting processes controlling the fast flow and slow flow components of streamflow and their interactions. This dissertation addresses the challenge by outlining a novel framework to explore the physical controls on FDC. The framework involves separating streamflow into fast flow and slow flow and studying their duration curves separately then combining them statistically to obtain FDC. Initially, the potential of …
Investigating Topologic And Geometric Properties Of Synthetic And Natural River Networks Under Changing Climate, Shiblu Sarker
Investigating Topologic And Geometric Properties Of Synthetic And Natural River Networks Under Changing Climate, Shiblu Sarker
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
River networks are important landscape features that collect and transport water, sediment and nutrients from regions of higher elevation to lower elevations. These networks have been studied for several decades from a range of geomorphological and hydrological perspectives. Investigating the geometric and topological properties of river networks is important for developing predictive models describing the network dynamics under changing climate as well as for quantifying the physical processes operating upon them. Although these networks have been characterized for a wide range of geomorphic properties, topological properties, and in particular, spectral properties of river networks received limited attention. In this dissertation, …
Impact Of Climate Change On Storms And Coastal Morphodynamics, Kelsey Perez
Impact Of Climate Change On Storms And Coastal Morphodynamics, Kelsey Perez
Honors Undergraduate Theses
Storms have been impacting coastal morphodynamics directly due to its intensifying effects over the years. Climate change has caused an exponential impact on storms and therefore morphodynamic changes in the coasts. A specific land that has constantly been threatened is Dauphin Island, a barrier island in Alabama. Over time, it has experienced a total land loss of 100 ft of shoreline over the past of 3 decades and an overall 16% land loss of the island due to the intensifying effects of storms due to a changing climate. In this study, we use Hurricane Ivan as an example. In order …
Improving Pedestrian Safety Using Video Data, Surrogate Safety Measures And Deep Learning, Shile Zhang
Improving Pedestrian Safety Using Video Data, Surrogate Safety Measures And Deep Learning, Shile Zhang
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
The research aims to improve pedestrian safety at signalized intersections using video data, surrogate safety measures and deep learning. Machine learning (including deep learning) models are proposed for predicting pedestrians' potentially dangerous situations. On the one hand, pedestrians' red-light violations can expose the pedestrians to motorized traffic and pose potential threats to pedestrian safety. Thus, the prediction of pedestrians' crossing intention during red-light signals is carried out. The pose estimation technique is used to extract features on pedestrians' bodies. Machine learning models are used to predict pedestrians' crossing intention at intersections' red-light, with video data collected from signalized intersections. Multiple …
Remediation Of Roadway Runoff Nutrients: Querying Sources Delivery Mechanism, Efficacy Of Stormwater Best Management Practices, And Stormwater Routing Through Karst Geology, Mohammad Shokri
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
Stormwater road runoff is a widespread non-point source of contaminants such as nutrients, which endangers water bodies, especially in vulnerable karst areas such as Florida. While roadside vegetated filter strips (VFSs) and stormwater basins are generally accepted best management practices (BMPs) for stormwater management, uncertainties about VFS nutrient removal are reported and stormwater basins are concerned of facilitating contaminant transport. In this dissertation, the application and efficacy of engineered infiltration media was tested as a subgrade for the enhanced nutrient removal from roadway runoff. Results of field-scale laboratory testing indicated that a VFS with engineered biosorption activated media (BAM) outperformed …
Seismic Soil-Structure Interaction Effects In Tall Buildings Considering Nonlinear-Inelastic Behaviors, Jaime Mercado
Seismic Soil-Structure Interaction Effects In Tall Buildings Considering Nonlinear-Inelastic Behaviors, Jaime Mercado
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
Soil-structure interaction (SSI) effects are relevant for the seismic analysis of tall buildings on shallow foundations since the dynamic behavior of structures is highly affected by the interaction between the superstructure and supporting soils. As part of earthquake-resistant designs of buildings, considering SSI effects in the analysis provides more realistic estimates of its performance during a seismic event, particularly when both the structure and soil undergo large demands that can compromise serviceability. Oversimplifications of structural or soil modeling in the analysis introduces variability and biases in the computed seismic response. The main goal of this dissertation is to investigate the …
The Roles Of Groundwater Table In Catchment Hydrology, Lili Yao
The Roles Of Groundwater Table In Catchment Hydrology, Lili Yao
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
The main goal of this dissertation research is to investigate catchment hydrological processes including infiltration and saturation excess runoff generation with consideration of groundwater table. For the infiltration process, an infiltration Péclet number was proposed to quantify the relative effects of gravity and capillary force on the evolution of infiltration capacity in the special case of the presence of a shallow water table, and a power law functional form of Time Compression Approximation was developed whose exponent was found to vary with the Péclet number. For the saturation excess runoff process, a new probability distribution model based on the SCS …
Ground Movements And Vibrations Caused By Impact Pile Driving Of Prestressed Concrete Piles In Central Florida, Jorge Enrique Orozco Herrera
Ground Movements And Vibrations Caused By Impact Pile Driving Of Prestressed Concrete Piles In Central Florida, Jorge Enrique Orozco Herrera
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
The process of pile driving has been a commonly used method for the installation of deep foundations in Central Florida due to the soil conditions that consist mainly of medium-dense silty sands. Pile driving can generate large vibration levels that might potentially trigger ground deformations in the surrounding soils and cause damage on nearby structures. Currently, design and construction standards provide guidance in terms of ground vibration levels expected during pile driving and establish vibration thresholds to avoid damage on important infrastructure. However, little insight has been given into the amount of ground deformations that soils experience due to pile …
Modeling Of Crash Risk For Realistic Artificial Data Generation: Application To Naturalistic Driving Study Data, Lauren Hoover
Modeling Of Crash Risk For Realistic Artificial Data Generation: Application To Naturalistic Driving Study Data, Lauren Hoover
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
Most safety performance analysis employs cross-sectional and time-series datasets, posing an important challenge to safety performance and crash modification analysis. The traditional safety model analysis paradigm relying on observed data only allows relative comparisons between analysis methods and is unable to establish how well the methods mimic the true underlying crash generation process. Assumptions are made about the data, but whether the assumptions truly characterize the safety data generation in the real world remains unknown. To address this issue, this thesis proposes the generation of realistic artificial data (RAD). In developing a prototype RAD generator for crash data, we mimic …
Combining Multivariate Statistical And Numerical Modeling For Coastal Hazards Analysis, Victor Malagon Santos
Combining Multivariate Statistical And Numerical Modeling For Coastal Hazards Analysis, Victor Malagon Santos
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
Increased population density along the world's coastlines is driven by the wide range of services provided by costal systems, such as transportation, fisheries, trade, and tourism. Despite offering fundamental services, coastal systems are exposed to a range of natural hazards such as riverine and/or coastal flooding, and erosion, thus robust risk analyses are needed to protect coastal ecosystems, infrastructure, and people dwelling in proximity to the shoreline. Numerical and multivariate statistical models have become crucial tools in coastal risk management to support robust risk analyses, and their combined use provides many benefits in the analysis of coastal hazards. This dissertation …
Real-Time Traffic Safety Evaluation In The Context Of Connected Vehicles And Mobile Sensing, Pei Li
Real-Time Traffic Safety Evaluation In The Context Of Connected Vehicles And Mobile Sensing, Pei Li
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
Recently, with the development of connected vehicles and mobile sensing technologies, vehicle-based data become much easier to obtain. However, only few studies have investigated the application of this kind of novel data to real-time traffic safety evaluation. This dissertation aims to conduct a series of real-time traffic safety studies by integrating all kinds of available vehicle-based data sources. First, this dissertation developed a deep learning model for identifying vehicle maneuvers using data from smartphone sensors (i.e., accelerometer and gyroscope). The proposed model was robust and suitable for real-time application as it required less processing of smartphone sensor data compared with …
Ground Movements And Nonlinear-Inelastic Response Of Buildings Induced By Excavations In Glacial Clay Deposits, A. Felipe Uribe-Henao
Ground Movements And Nonlinear-Inelastic Response Of Buildings Induced By Excavations In Glacial Clay Deposits, A. Felipe Uribe-Henao
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
The analysis of ground movements and nonlinear response of buildings induced by excavations in glacial clay deposits is conducted using finite element models built in PLAXIS2D and OpenSees. PLAXIS2D was used to simulate the performance of an urban cofferdam excavation braced with a concrete bracing system. Measured ground movements were compared with the computed response, and the influence of the temperature, installation, and curing effects on the concrete bracing is evaluated. Concrete time-dependent effects contributed to 32% of the maximum lateral wall movements. The numerical studies are expanded in a second finite element analysis to characterize the coupled fluid-solid response …
Safety And Operations Of Urban Arterials Incorporating The Context Classification System, Nada Mahmoud
Safety And Operations Of Urban Arterials Incorporating The Context Classification System, Nada Mahmoud
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
Urban arterials connect multiple areas in the city and encourage non-motorist activities. Hence, the safety and operations on urban arterials is vital as they improve the mobility of daily commuters and road users. This research aims to facilitate traffic operations on urban arterials by proposing multiple mythological approaches to estimate and predict turning movement counts at signalized intersections using traffic data from adjacent intersections. Further, it aims to improve the safety by developing crash prediction models, identifying the hotspots for multiple crash types, and indicating the factors contributing to operating speed as well as non-motorist crashes. The analyses included tuning, …