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Articles 241 - 270 of 360
Full-Text Articles in Civil Engineering
Risk Management In Reservoir Operations In The Context Of Undefined Competitive Consumption, Yunus Salami
Risk Management In Reservoir Operations In The Context Of Undefined Competitive Consumption, Yunus Salami
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Dams and reservoirs with multiple purposes require effective management to fully realize their purposes and maximize efficiency. For instance, a reservoir intended mainly for the purposes of flood control and hydropower generation may result in a system with primary objectives that conflict with each other. This is because higher hydraulic heads are required to achieve the hydropower generation objective while relatively lower reservoir levels are required to fulfill flood control objectives. Protracted imbalances between these two could increase the susceptibility of the system to risks of water shortage or flood, depending on inflow volumes and operational policy effectiveness. The magnitudes …
Biogeochemical Cycling And Nutrient Control Strategies For Groundwater At Stormwater Infiltration Basins, Andrew M. O'Reilly
Biogeochemical Cycling And Nutrient Control Strategies For Groundwater At Stormwater Infiltration Basins, Andrew M. O'Reilly
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Elevated concentrations of nutrients, particularly nitrate, in groundwater and springs in Florida are a growing resource management concern. Stormwater infiltration basins, which are a common stormwater management practice in the well-drained karst terrain areas of Florida, are a potentially important source of nutrients to the groundwater system because stormwater exits the basin by only evaporation or infiltration. To better understand the biogeochemical processes integrating stormwater infiltration impacts on groundwater resources in a field-scale setting, a combination of hydrologic, soil chemistry, water chemistry, dissolved and soil gas, isotope, and microbiological data was collected from 2007 through 2010 at two stormwater infiltration …
Microscopic Assessment Of Transportation Emissions On Limited Access Highways, Hatem Abou-Senna
Microscopic Assessment Of Transportation Emissions On Limited Access Highways, Hatem Abou-Senna
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
On-road vehicles are a major source of transportation carbon dioxide (CO2) greenhouse gas emissions in all the developed countries, and in many of the developing countries in the world. Similarly, several criteria air pollutants are associated with transportation, e.g., carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and particulate matter (PM). The need to accurately quantify transportation-related emissions from vehicles is essential. Transportation agencies and researchers in the past have estimated emissions using one average speed and volume on a long stretch of roadway. With MOVES, there is an opportunity for higher precision and accuracy. Integrating a microscopic traffic simulation model (such …
Effluent Water Quality Improvement Using Silt Fences And Stormwater Harvesting, Ikiensinma Gogo-Abite
Effluent Water Quality Improvement Using Silt Fences And Stormwater Harvesting, Ikiensinma Gogo-Abite
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Construction sites are among the most common areas to experience soil erosion and sediment transport due to the mandatory foundation tasks such as excavation and land grubbing. Thus, temporary sediment barriers are installed along the perimeter to prevent sediment transport from the site. Erosion and sediment transport control measures may include, but not limited to, physical and chemical processes such as the use of a silt fence and polyacrylamide product. Runoff from construction sites and other impervious surfaces are routinely discharged into ponds for treatment before being released into a receiving water body. Stormwater harvesting from a pond for irrigation …
Incorporating Remotely Sensed Data Into Coastal Hydrodynamic Models: Parameterization Of Surface Roughness And Spatio-Temporal Validation Of Inundation Area, Stephen Conroy Medeiros
Incorporating Remotely Sensed Data Into Coastal Hydrodynamic Models: Parameterization Of Surface Roughness And Spatio-Temporal Validation Of Inundation Area, Stephen Conroy Medeiros
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation investigates the use of remotely sensed data in coastal tide and inundation models, specifically how these data could be more effectively integrated into model construction and performance assessment techniques. It includes a review of numerical wetting and drying algorithms, a method for constructing a seamless digital terrain model including the handling of tidal datums, an investigation into the accuracy of land use / land cover (LULC) based surface roughness parameterization schemes, an application of a cutting edge remotely sensed inundation detection method to assess the performance of a tidal model, and a preliminary investigation into using 3-dimensional airborne …
A Framework For Process Data Collection, Analysis, And Visualization In Construction Projects, Reza Akhavian
A Framework For Process Data Collection, Analysis, And Visualization In Construction Projects, Reza Akhavian
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Automated data collection, simulation and visualization can substantially enhance the process of designing, analysis, planning, and control of many engineering processes. In particular, managing processes that are dynamic in nature can significantly benefit from such techniques. Construction projects are good examples of such processes where a variety of equipment and resources constantly interact inside an evolving environment. Management of such settings requires a platform capable of providing decision-makers with updated information about the status of project entities and assisting site personnel making critical decisions under uncertainty. To this end, the current practice of using historical data or expert judgments as …
Failure Analysis Of Impact-Damaged Metallic Poles Repaired With Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites, Robert Arthur Slade
Failure Analysis Of Impact-Damaged Metallic Poles Repaired With Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites, Robert Arthur Slade
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Metallic utility poles, light poles, and mast arms are intermittently damaged by vehicle collision. In many cases the vehicular impact does not cause immediate failure of the structure, but induces localized damage that may result in failure under extreme service loadings or can promote degradation and corrosion within the damaged region. Replacement of these poles is costly and often involves prolonged lane closures, service interruption, and temporary loss of functionality. Therefore, an in situ repair of these structures is required. This thesis examines the failure modes of damaged metallic poles reinforced with externally-bonded fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composites. Several FRP …
Structural Health Monitoring For Damage Detection Using Wired And Wireless Sensor Clusters, Thomas Terrell
Structural Health Monitoring For Damage Detection Using Wired And Wireless Sensor Clusters, Thomas Terrell
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Sensing and analysis of a structure for the purpose of detecting, tracking, and evaluating damage and deterioration, during both regular operation and extreme events, is referred to as Structural Health Monitoring (SHM). SHM is a multi-disciplinary field, with a complete system incorporating sensing technology, hardware, signal processing, networking, data analysis, and management for interpretation and decision making. However, many of these processes and subsequent integration into a practical SHM framework are in need of development. In this study, various components of an SHM system will be investigated. A particular focus is paid to the investigation of a previously developed damage …
Web-Based Tidal Toolbox Of Astronomic Tidal Data For The Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway, Esturaries Sic] And Continental Shelf Of The South Atlantic Bight, Alfredo Ruiz
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
A high-resolution astronomic tidal model has been developed that includes detailed inshore regions of the Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway and associated estuaries along the South Atlantic Bight. The unique nature of the model’s development ensures that the tidal hydrodynamic interaction between the shelf and estuaries is fully described. Harmonic analysis of the model output results in a database of tidal information that extends from a semi-circular arc (radius ~750 km) enclosing the South Atlantic Bight from the North Carolina coast to the Florida Keys, onto the continental shelf and into the full estuarine system. The need for tidal boundary conditions (elevation …
Impact Of Hurricanes On Structures - A Performance Based Engineering View, Vijay Mishra
Impact Of Hurricanes On Structures - A Performance Based Engineering View, Vijay Mishra
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The magnitude of damage caused to the United States (US) coast due to hurricanes has increased significantly in the last decade. During the period 2004-2005, the US experienced seven of the costliest hurricanes in the country's history (NWS TPC-5, 2007) leading to an estimated loss of ~ $158 billion. The present method for predicting hurricane losses, HAZUS (HAZard US), is solely based on hurricane hazard and damage caused to building envelopes only and not to structural systems (Vickery et al., 2006). This method does not take into account an intermediate step that allows for better damage estimates, which is structural …
On The Use Of Polyurethane Matrix Carbon Fiber Composites For Strengthening Concrete Structures, Zachary Haber
On The Use Of Polyurethane Matrix Carbon Fiber Composites For Strengthening Concrete Structures, Zachary Haber
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composite materials have effectively been used in numerous reinforced concrete civil infrastructure strengthening projects. Although a significant body of knowledge has been established for epoxy matrix carbon FRPs and epoxy adhesives, there is still a need to investigate other matrices and adhesive types. One such matrix/adhesive type yet to be heavily researched for infrastructure application is polyurethane. This thesis investigates use of polyurethane matrix carbon fiber composites for strengthening reinforced concrete civil infrastructure. Investigations on mirco- and macro-mechanical composite performance, strengthened member flexural performance, and bond durability under environmental conditioning will be presented. Results indicate that polyurethane …
Transfer And Development Length Of Strands In Post-Tensioned Members After Anchor Head Failure, Elie El Zghayar
Transfer And Development Length Of Strands In Post-Tensioned Members After Anchor Head Failure, Elie El Zghayar
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Post-tensioning tendons in segmental bridge construction are often only anchored within the deviator and pier segments. The effectiveness of the post-tensioning (PT) system is therefore dependent on proper functioning of the anchorages. On August 28, 2000 a routine inspection of the Mid-Bay Bridge (Okaloosa County, Florida) revealed corrosion in numerous PT tendons. Moreover, one of the 19-strand tendons was completely slacked, with later inspection revealing a corrosion-induced failure at the pier anchor location. Anchorage failure caused all PT force to transfer to the steel duct located within the pier segment that in turn slipped and caused the tendon to go …
A Study Of The Strength Of Pervious Pavement Systems, Ikenna Uju
A Study Of The Strength Of Pervious Pavement Systems, Ikenna Uju
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This thesis presents a study on the strength properties of the different pervious pavement systems installed at the Stormwater Management Academy field laboratory at University of Central Florida (UCF), Orlando. The strength tests were performed both in the laboratory and in the field. Laboratory testing was conducted to determine the compressive strength and flexural strength of the various pavement surfaces. Evaluation of field pavement performance was performed by comparing the deflection basins using the Falling Weight Deflectometer test on pervious concrete and porous asphalt with conventional impervious concrete and asphalt pavements of similar layer profile and thickness, respectively. From literature …
Feasibility Study Of Lightweight High-Strength Hollow Core Balsa-Frp Composite Beams Under Flexure, Kevin O'Neill
Feasibility Study Of Lightweight High-Strength Hollow Core Balsa-Frp Composite Beams Under Flexure, Kevin O'Neill
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The United States of America's Military, more specifically the Army, has since the late 1990's had a vested interest in the development of super-lightweight, portable, short-span composite bridge and decking components to replace aging heavy metal-alloy machine driven modular systems. The following study looks at the feasibility of using balsa wood as the structural core material in fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) wrapped hollow-core composites in short-span bridge applications. The balsa provides shear resistance and the FRP the flexural resistance, resulting in extremely high strength-to-weight and strength-to-depth ratios. Several scaled short span specimens were constructed and tested using a variety of …
A Field Investigation For The Wind Load Performance Of Vegetated Greenroofs Using Monitoring Systems, Melike Minareci
A Field Investigation For The Wind Load Performance Of Vegetated Greenroofs Using Monitoring Systems, Melike Minareci
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Greenroof systems have been shown to be an environmentally friendly alternative based on various factors; such as, reduced lifecycle cost, improved air quality, ambient temperature reduction, stormwater management credit, sustainability and preservation of the environment. Recent research studies attempt to determine the construction methods of an ideal greenroof for environmental purposes, yet there is an absence of standards for the best design required to achieve acceptable structural performance and sustainability under wind loads. As a result, there is a need to document the effectiveness of greenroofs under high wind events by addressing the following questions: Do winds have an effect …
Level-Of-Service And Traffic Safety Relationship: An Exploratory Analysis Of Signalized Intersections And Multiland High-Speed Arterial Corridors, Ana Almonte-Valdivia
Level-Of-Service And Traffic Safety Relationship: An Exploratory Analysis Of Signalized Intersections And Multiland High-Speed Arterial Corridors, Ana Almonte-Valdivia
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Since its inception in 1965, the Level-of-Service (LOS) has proved to be an important and practical "quality of service" indicator for transportation facilities around the world, widely used in the transportation and planning fields. The LOS rates these facilities' traffic operating conditions through the following delay-based indicators (ordered from best to worst conditions): A, B, C, D, E and F. This LOS rating has its foundation on quantifiable measures of effectiveness (MOEs) and on road users' perceptions; altogether, these measures define a LOS based on acceptable traffic operating conditions for the road user, implying that traffic safety is inherent to …
Investigation Of Damage Detection Methodologies For Structural Health Monitoring, Mustafa Gul
Investigation Of Damage Detection Methodologies For Structural Health Monitoring, Mustafa Gul
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) is employed to track and evaluate damage and deterioration during regular operation as well as after extreme events for aerospace, mechanical and civil structures. A complete SHM system incorporates performance metrics, sensing, signal processing, data analysis, transmission and management for decision-making purposes. Damage detection in the context of SHM can be successful by employing a collection of robust and practical damage detection methodologies that can be used to identify, locate and quantify damage or, in general terms, changes in observable behavior. In this study, different damage detection methods are investigated for global condition assessment of structures. …
Reduced Visibility Related Crashes In Florida: Crash Characteristics, Spatial Analysis And Injury Severity, Al-Ahad Ekram
Reduced Visibility Related Crashes In Florida: Crash Characteristics, Spatial Analysis And Injury Severity, Al-Ahad Ekram
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Roadway crashes related to vision obstruction due to fog/smoke (FS) conditions constitute a challenge for traffic engineers. Previous research efforts mostly concentrated on the snow and rain related crashes. Statistics show that Florida is among the top three states in terms of crashes due to vision obstruction by FS. This research culminated in a comprehensive study of fog and smoke related crashes in the state of Florida. The analysis took into account the crashes that occurred between 2003 and 2007 on Florida state roads. Spatial analysis and injury severity analysis have been conducted and significant results have been identified. The …
The Calibration, Validation, And Comparison Of Vissim Simulations Using The Two-Fluid Model, Jeremy Crowe
The Calibration, Validation, And Comparison Of Vissim Simulations Using The Two-Fluid Model, Jeremy Crowe
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The microscopic traffic simulation program VISSIM is a powerful tool that has been used by transportation engineers and urban planners around the world. A VISSIM simulation is meant to depict the performance of the physical road network through the use of modeling tools and behavioral parameters. The process which gets the model to the point of matching real world conditions is called calibration and requires a means of relating the real world to the simulated world. The topic of this thesis discusses a new means of calibration using the two-fluid model. The two-fluid model is a macroscopic modeling technique which …
Work Zone Effects On Performance Of A Toll Plaza, Jingyu Liu
Work Zone Effects On Performance Of A Toll Plaza, Jingyu Liu
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
No-lane closure workzone is typical during the construction of open road tolling lanes of a toll plaza. The influence of no-lane closure on toll plazas' performance is unknown because very few studies have been conducted to address this topic. The open road tolling (ORT) has become the new trend of operating an efficient toll plaza. So, the upgrading of a toll plaza from gated E-pass to open road E-pass has become common. The better the toll plaza authority knows about the influence of this construction and congestion effects, the better it can serve the costumers. This project mainly deals with …
A Gis Safety Study And A County-Level Spatial Analysis Of Crashes In The State Of Florida, Ali Darwiche
A Gis Safety Study And A County-Level Spatial Analysis Of Crashes In The State Of Florida, Ali Darwiche
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The research conducted in this thesis consists of a Geographic Information Systems (GIS) based safety study and a spatial analysis of vehicle crashes in the State of Florida. The GIS safety study is comprised of a County and Roadway Level GIS analysis of multilane corridors. The spatial analysis investigated the use of county-level vehicle crash models, taking spatial effects into account. The GIS safety study examines the locations of high trends of severe crashes (includes incapacitating and fatal crashes) on multilane corridors in the State of Florida at two levels, county level and roadway level. The GIS tool, which is …
Response Sensitivity Of Highway Bridges To Random Multi-Component Earthquake Excitation, Kyle Cronin
Response Sensitivity Of Highway Bridges To Random Multi-Component Earthquake Excitation, Kyle Cronin
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Highway bridges provide a critical lifeline during extreme seismic events and must maintain serviceability under a large range of earthquake intensities. Consequently, the advent of more computational power has allowed more advanced analysis approaches for predicting performance and vulnerability of highway bridges under these seismic loads. In traditional two-dimensional finite element analyses, it has been demonstrated that the incidence angle of the ground motion can play a significant role in structural response. As three-dimensional nonlinear time history analyses are used more frequently in practice, ground motions are still usually applied along a single bridge axis. It is unknown how three …
Estuarine Influence On Tidally Driven Circulation In The South Atlantic Bight, Peter Bacopoulos
Estuarine Influence On Tidally Driven Circulation In The South Atlantic Bight, Peter Bacopoulos
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
A high-resolution, finite element-based, shallow water equation model is developed to simulate the tides in the South Atlantic Bight. The model is constructed to include all of the estuarine features along the southeastern United States seaboard: coastal inlets, rivers and tidal creeks, sounds and lagoons, intertidal zones including salt marshes and mangrove swamps, and the Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway. The estuaries are represented in the finite element mesh using triangular elements with side lengths on the order of tens of meters. Also incorporated into the model is a spatially distributed bottom friction parameterization, based on the various landcover and benthic characteristics …
Flexural Mechanical Durability Of Concrete Beams Strengthened By Externally Bonded Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Sheets, Michael Olka
Flexural Mechanical Durability Of Concrete Beams Strengthened By Externally Bonded Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Sheets, Michael Olka
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
About 77,600 bridges throughout the United States in the Federal Highway Association (FHWA) bridge database are listed as structurally deficient. This has created a need to either replace or strengthen bridges quickly and efficiently. Due to high costs for total replacement of deficient bridges, strengthening of existing bridges is a more economical alternative. A technique that has been developing over the past two decades is the strengthening of bridges using carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) sheets. The CFRP sheets are attached to the bottom of the bridge girders using structural adhesives so that the CFRP becomes an integral part of …
Macroscopic Traffic Safety Analysis Based On Trip Generation Characteristics, Chowdhury Siddiqui
Macroscopic Traffic Safety Analysis Based On Trip Generation Characteristics, Chowdhury Siddiqui
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Recent research has shown that incorporating roadway safety in transportation planning has been considered one of the active approaches to improve safety. Aggregate level analysis for predicting crash frequencies had been contemplated to be an important step in this process. As seen from the previous studies various categories of predictors at macro level (census blocks, traffic analysis zones, census tracts, wards, counties and states) have been exhausted to find appropriate correlation with crashes. This study contributes to this ongoing macro level road safety research by investigating various trip productions and attractions along with roadway characteristics within traffic analysis zones (TAZs) …
Analysis Of The Physical Forcing Mechanisms Influencing Salinity Transport For The Lower St. Johns River, Derek Giardino
Analysis Of The Physical Forcing Mechanisms Influencing Salinity Transport For The Lower St. Johns River, Derek Giardino
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The focus of this thesis is the forcing mechanisms incorporated with salinity transport for the Lower St. Johns River. There are two primary analyses performed: a historical data analysis of primary forcing mechanisms to determine the importance of each individual influence, and a tidal hydrodynamics analysis for the Lower St. Johns River to determine the required tidal constituents for an accurate resynthesis. This thesis is a preliminary effort in understanding salinity transport for the Lower St. Johns River for engineering projects such as the dredging of navigation canals and freshwater withdrawal from the river. The analysis of the physical forcing …
Analyses Of Crash Occurence And Injury Severities On Multi Lane Highways Using Machine Learning Algorithms, Abhishek Das
Analyses Of Crash Occurence And Injury Severities On Multi Lane Highways Using Machine Learning Algorithms, Abhishek Das
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Reduction of crash occurrence on the various roadway locations (mid-block segments; signalized intersections; un-signalized intersections) and the mitigation of injury severity in the event of a crash are the major concerns of transportation safety engineers. Multi lane arterial roadways (excluding freeways and expressways) account for forty-three percent of fatal crashes in the state of Florida. Significant contributing causes fall under the broad categories of aggressive driver behavior; adverse weather and environmental conditions; and roadway geometric and traffic factors. The objective of this research was the implementation of innovative, state-of-the-art analytical methods to identify the contributing factors for crashes and injury …
Evaluating The Impact Of Oocea's Dynamic Message Signs (Dms) On Travelers' Experience Using Multinomial And Ordered Logit For The Post-Deployment Survey, Taylor Lochrane
Evaluating The Impact Of Oocea's Dynamic Message Signs (Dms) On Travelers' Experience Using Multinomial And Ordered Logit For The Post-Deployment Survey, Taylor Lochrane
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this thesis was to evaluate the impact of dynamic message signs (DMS) on the Orlando-Orange County Expressway Authority (OOCEA) toll road network using the Post-Deployment DMS Survey analysis. DMS are electronic traffic signs used on roadways to give travelers information about travel times, traffic congestion, accidents, disabled vehicles, AMBER alerts, and special events. The particular DMS referred to in this study are large rectangular signs installed over the travel lanes and these are not the portable trailer mount signs. The OOCEA has added twenty-nine fixed DMS to their toll road network from 2006-2008. At the time of …
Safety Improvements On Multilane Arterials A Before And After Evaluation Using The Empirical Bayes Method, Prem Chand Devarasetty
Safety Improvements On Multilane Arterials A Before And After Evaluation Using The Empirical Bayes Method, Prem Chand Devarasetty
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This study examines the safety effects of the improvements made on multi-lane arterials. The improvements were divided into two categories 1) corridor level improvements, and 2) intersection improvements. Empirical Bayes method, which is one of the most accepted approaches for conducting before-after evaluations, has been used to assess the safety effects of the improvement projects. Safety effects are estimated not only in terms of all crashes but also rear-end (most common type) as well as severe crashes (crashes involving incapacitating and/or fatal injuries) and also angle crashes for intersection improvements. The Safety Performance Functions (SPFs) used in this study are …
Safety And Operational Evaluation Of Dynamic Lane Merging In Work Zones, Rami Harb
Safety And Operational Evaluation Of Dynamic Lane Merging In Work Zones, Rami Harb
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Traffic safety and mobility of roadway work zones have been considered to be one of the major concerns in highway traffic safety and operations in Florida. In intent to expose Florida's work zones crash characteristics, the Florida Traffic Crash Records Database for years 2002, 2003 and 2004 were explored. Statistical models were estimated and Florida's work zone crash traits for single vehicle crashes and two-vehicle crashes were drawn. For the single-vehicle crashes, trucks were found more likely to be involved in single vehicle crashes in freeway work zones compared to freeways without work zones. Straight level roadways are significantly affected …