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Articles 181 - 210 of 281
Full-Text Articles in Civil Engineering
Structural Health Monitoring Of Historic Masonry Monuments, Saurabh Prabhu
Structural Health Monitoring Of Historic Masonry Monuments, Saurabh Prabhu
All Theses
Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) is a well-accepted diagnostic technique being used to evaluate modern structures. This method involves monitoring the vibration response of a structure to detect changes in its structural state. The primary intention of this thesis is to address two practical and technical difficulties encountered in deploying SHM on historic masonry monuments: (i) the selection of suitable low dimensional vibration response features that are highly sensitive to the presence and extent of damage, while having low sensitivity to extraneous noise and (ii) the selection of optimal sensor locations for efficient system identification applied to Gothic Cathedrals. Both of …
Retrofit Solutions For Sealed Pervious Concrete Pavements, Gregory Bunting
Retrofit Solutions For Sealed Pervious Concrete Pavements, Gregory Bunting
All Theses
The goal of this research was to design, implement, and evaluate several retrofit solutions for sealed pervious concrete. Properly functioning pervious concrete pavements allow water to drain through the structure, eliminating the need for traditional drainage infrastructure. A recent study of South Carolina porous pavements (Putman 2010) revealed that some pervious concrete pavements are not properly draining, either because of sealing at the surface. Sealed pavements are generally a result of construction processes, and sealed pavements cannot be fixed with sediment removal techniques such as vacuuming and pressure washing. This study investigates a technique to increase infiltration of sealed pervious …
Behavior Of The Next-D Beam Shear Key: A Finite Element Approach, Armando Flores
Behavior Of The Next-D Beam Shear Key: A Finite Element Approach, Armando Flores
All Theses
State Departments of Transportation have been using adjacent precast bridges for many years. A vital component of this type of bridges is the connection between the members, which is typically done with a grouted shear key. Shear keys have changed through time to adapt to the requirements of bridge design. An assessment of the Northeast Extreme Tee with integral deck (NEXT-D) was performed for the SCDOT as a development possibility for short span bridges. This research focuses on the finite element analysis study of the NEXT-D's specific shear key configuration.
A review of shear key configurations used by different DOTs …
An Experimental And Computational Study Of Windborne Debris In Severe Storms, Arash Karimpour
An Experimental And Computational Study Of Windborne Debris In Severe Storms, Arash Karimpour
All Dissertations
Abstract
This research focuses on an experimental and theoretical investigation of windborne debris emanating from loose gravel on built-up roofs. During severe storms, windborne debris can cause considerable physical harm and property damage. One of the major sources of flying debris in large commercial areas is loose gravel on built-up roofs. Such loose gravel can be responsible loss of life and significant property damage. Despite the high risk of windborne debris, their flight mechanics are poorly understood. To better understand windborne debris flight, a series of experiments were conducted in the Clemson University Boundary Layer Wind Tunnel. These experiments were …
Social Sustainability Considerations During Planning And Design: A Framework Of Processes For Construction Projects, Rodolfo Valdes Vasquez
Social Sustainability Considerations During Planning And Design: A Framework Of Processes For Construction Projects, Rodolfo Valdes Vasquez
All Dissertations
With increased awareness of issues such as global resource shortages and climate change, sustainability efforts are becoming more common in the construction industry. While these efforts often consider economic and environmental factors, a truly sustainable construction project also needs to include such social considerations as its impact on the surrounding community and the safety, health, and education of the workforce. For the construction industry, social sustainability requires integrating processes for improving safety, health and well-being over the project life cycle. However, an empirical and comprehensive framework defining these social sustainability processes in construction projects has yet to be clearly delineated. …
Investigation Into The Role Of Airfield Pavement Deicer In Concrete Pavement Deterioration, David Wingard
Investigation Into The Role Of Airfield Pavement Deicer In Concrete Pavement Deterioration, David Wingard
All Dissertations
Premature deterioration of concrete due to materials-related distresses has been observed with increased frequency in airfield pavements across the United States in the past two decades. The use of a new breed of deicing chemicals based on alkali-acetates and alkali-formates, starting in the early 1990s, has been suspected to be one of the significant reasons for the increase in the observed deterioration. Previous laboratory-based studies have found that the early-age deterioration in concrete is associated with exposure to deicers causing acceleration of the Alkali Silica Reaction (ASR) deterioration mechanism and consequent failure. However, no systematic forensic studies on the impact …
The Effects Of Fundamental Mixture Parameters On Hot-Mix Asphalt Performance Properties, Wenbin Zhao
The Effects Of Fundamental Mixture Parameters On Hot-Mix Asphalt Performance Properties, Wenbin Zhao
All Dissertations
Asphalt pavements are composed of three components: aggregate, asphalt binder, and air. In the process of plant production and on-site construction, the construction quality can vary in the three component and the variability can further affect a pavement's future performance.. This research identifies aggregate gradation, binder content, and air voids content as the fundamental parameters. Understanding the fundamental parameters' influence on the HMA mixture's performance properties can provide valuable information on how to improve the current quality insurance practice. The objective of this study is to conduct well-controlled experiments to investigate how mix gradation, air voids and small range binder …
Sensitivity Analysis Of Load Distribution In Light-Framed Wood Roof System Due To Typical Modeling Parameters, Ranjith Shivarudrappa
Sensitivity Analysis Of Load Distribution In Light-Framed Wood Roof System Due To Typical Modeling Parameters, Ranjith Shivarudrappa
All Theses
Since failure of roof systems in past high wind events have demonstrated the consequences of not maintaining a continuous load path from the roof to the foundation, many studies have been conducted to better understand this load path, including how loads are distributed in the system. The present study looks to add to the current knowledge of the vertical load path by focusing on uplift loads and by considering the sensitivity of different modeling parameters. This is done by developing and assessing load influence coefficients for various roof-to-wall (RTW) connections. An analytical model of a light-framed wood structure using finite …
Evaluation Of Warm Mix Open Graded Friction Course Mixtures, James Wurst
Evaluation Of Warm Mix Open Graded Friction Course Mixtures, James Wurst
All Theses
The goal of this study was to evaluate EvothermTM (a chemical package) and foaming (a water-injection method) warm mix asphalt (WMA) technologies to determine their effectiveness in producing high quality open graded friction course (OGFC) mixes. Specifically, this study focused on the effect of the removal of stabilizing additives (fibers and polymers) on the optimum binder content and performance of WMA OGFC mixtures. By focusing on additive removal, this study attempted to evaluate practical production concerns and the possible benefits of WMA technologies combined with OGFC.
The EvothermTM WMA and foaming WMA mixes were compared to traditional HMA OGFC by …
Wave Reflection Characteristics Of Permeable And Impermeable Submerged Trapezoidal Breakwaters, Mathew Hornack
Wave Reflection Characteristics Of Permeable And Impermeable Submerged Trapezoidal Breakwaters, Mathew Hornack
All Theses
The present study aims to quantify reflection coefficients in the vicinity of impermeable and permeable submerged trapezoidal breakwaters. Three impermeable breakwater models are tested, each with a unique side slope for the breakwater faces. Two permeable models are tested, one made of PVC pipe and the other consisting of golf balls contained within a mesh cage, to provide two separate porosities. Testing is carried out at the Clemson University Flow Physics Laboratory in a laboratory wave tank with the inclusion of a 1:20 sloping sandy beach to simulate natural environmental conditions. Wave elevations are collected during experiments by two capacitance …
A Finite Element Model For Coupled Deformation-Flow Analysis Of Unsaturated Soil-Structure Systems And Its Validation, Hadakopan Krishnapillai
A Finite Element Model For Coupled Deformation-Flow Analysis Of Unsaturated Soil-Structure Systems And Its Validation, Hadakopan Krishnapillai
All Dissertations
The unsaturated soil mechanics is one of the emerging fields that require extensive studies to understand its behavior under various loading and environmental conditions. Unsaturated soil consists of three bulk phases: solid, liquid and gas and three interfaces: solid-liquid, liquid-gas and gas-solid. It is generally accepted that the interaction among various bulk phases and interfaces has to be taken into account in the characterization of unsaturated soils. The behavior of soil-structure systems is complex and the complexity further increases when the structure is located in unsaturated soil. Numerical methods such as the finite element method are ideally suited for elucidating …
Probablistic Assessment Of Roof Uplift Capacities In Low-Rise Residential Construction, Bagyalakshmi Shanmugam
Probablistic Assessment Of Roof Uplift Capacities In Low-Rise Residential Construction, Bagyalakshmi Shanmugam
All Dissertations
Post hurricane damage investigations of light frame wood residential structures reveal that roof envelope failure induces considerable damage to the structure and its contents. Roof - to - wall (RTW) connection failures though not as common as roof sheathing failure also cause significant structural and material damage. Considerable changes have been made in the ASCE structural loads standard and International Building code (IBC) after hurricane Andrew in order to prevent RTW connection and sheathing failures. That includes not only a substantial increase in the design wind load in the past two decades but also a strict enforcement of tighter nailing …
Predictive Modeling Of Wind Turbine Blades, Kendra Van Buren
Predictive Modeling Of Wind Turbine Blades, Kendra Van Buren
All Theses
Wind turbine blades are being produced at a larger scale in order to meet demands from the burgeoning U.S. wind energy industry, and are forecasted to only grow larger for off-shore applications. Modeling and Simulation (M&S) provides a cost and time efficient alternative when studying the structural behavior of blades such as for loading conditions that are too difficult to replicate in laboratory conditions, and for various severity of damage in wind turbine blades. For this reason, M&S will continue to play an indispensible role in understanding the behavior of wind turbine blades and is gradually replacing the traditional test, …
Effect Of Selected Parameters On Aggregate Reactivity In Accelerated Mortar Bar Test Method: Aggregate Size & Deicers, Sujay Math
All Theses
Abstract
Alkali Silica Reaction (ASR) is a chemical reaction between reactive siliceous aggregates and the alkali hydroxides present in the pore solution of hydrated cement paste in concrete. The chemical reaction produces ASR gel that is hygroscopic in nature and is volumetrically unstable in the presence of moisture. Expansion resulting from the swelling of the gel creates tensile stresses in the concrete leading to cracking and distress.
While ASR distress has been known to occur in concrete for over last 70 years, there has been an increase in the frequency of this distress in recent years. This is primarily due …
Meeting Engineering Program Objectives Through Service Learning Opportunities In Developing Countries, Jeffrey M. Plumblee, Lansford Bell, Leidy E. Klotz
Meeting Engineering Program Objectives Through Service Learning Opportunities In Developing Countries, Jeffrey M. Plumblee, Lansford Bell, Leidy E. Klotz
Publications
The civil engineering profession, in an adaptive reaction to emerging roles for civil engineers, is recognizing the need for new engineers to possess a more robust skill set than just the typical design background. This paper describes the efforts of Clemson Engineers for Developing Countries (CEDC) to fulfill the more nontraditional and often unaddressed “learning outcomes” noted by ASCE’s Civil Engineering Body of Knowledge for the 21st Century as important prerequisites for licensure. The learning outcomes are addressed through ongoing international service learning projects in Cange, Haiti. The paper focuses on the following four outcomes and their fulfillment methods: leadership, …
Transit System Evaluation Process: From Planning To Realization, K Bartman, Jennifer Ogle, Mashrur Chowdhury, Anne Dunning
Transit System Evaluation Process: From Planning To Realization, K Bartman, Jennifer Ogle, Mashrur Chowdhury, Anne Dunning
Publications
Many frameworks exist to help transit agencies plan, operate, and monitor the performance of transit in rural and urban communities. No framework integrates these three critical business practices into one coherent and flexible framework useful to rural and small-sized cities. The primary objective of this research was to integrate planning, operations, and performance measurement activities into a framework designed to evaluate transit in the context of overall mobility. By combining planning, evaluation, and performance monitoring processes, a succinct framework useful to transit agencies and planners was created. In addition to city entities, colleges and universities operating or contracting transit systems …
Characterizing Liquefaction Potential Of Pleistocene Soil Deposits In The Charleston Area, South Carolina, Tahereh Heidari
Characterizing Liquefaction Potential Of Pleistocene Soil Deposits In The Charleston Area, South Carolina, Tahereh Heidari
All Dissertations
Liquefaction potential of major Pleistocene deposits in the Greater Charleston area, South Carolina is investigated in this dissertation. The data considered to characterize liquefaction potential include field performance information the 1886 Charleston earthquake and the results of many seismic cone penetration tests with pore water measurements (SCPTu). The investigation begins with the Mount Pleasant area, and then expands to the entire Greater Charleston area.
A liquefaction potential map of Mount Pleasant is created through reviewing available first-hand accounts of ground behavior during the 1886 earthquake, analyzing cone penetration test and shear wave velocity data, and correlating the results with geology. …
A Numerical And Experimental Study Of Differential Settling In Cohesive Sediment, Chad Heiliger
A Numerical And Experimental Study Of Differential Settling In Cohesive Sediment, Chad Heiliger
All Theses
Accurate sedimentation modeling has important applications in a number of fields. This includes modeling the accumulation of sediment in harbor channels and modeling the sedimentation and accumulation of particles in retention ponds in the still waters behind dams in order to calculate the trap efficiency. By accurately modeling sedimentation, engineering failures such as the 2008 TVA spill at the Kingston Fossil Plant could possibly be avoided. Three different numerical models comparing the settling rates of individual particles in quiescent waters were created to compare the change of settling velocity due to particle size distributions, change of local concentrations, and flocculation …
Identifying Barriers To Address During The Delivery Of Sustainable Building Renovation Projects, Corey Cattano
Identifying Barriers To Address During The Delivery Of Sustainable Building Renovation Projects, Corey Cattano
All Theses
Architects, engineers, and contractors are continuously searching for tools and methods to reduce the unique risks associated with the delivery of construction projects. Since national policies to reduce carbon emissions and energy consumption will require drastic improvements to the existing building stock, one specific area in need of such tools is the sustainable renovation of existing buildings. The purpose of this research is to identify the barriers to address during the delivery of sustainable renovation projects and offer solutions that overcome these barriers. For example, typical renovation projects do not coordinate energy retrofits with building system renovations, resulting in poor …
Investigation Of Northeast Extreme Tee (Next) D Beam Bridges As An Alternative To Precast Hollow Core Bridges: An Exploration Of Appropriate Slab Design Forces, Daniel Deery
All Theses
Adjacent precast, prestressed concrete beam bridges have become a popular solution throughout the country because deck forming can be eliminated and construction is rapid. In South Carolina, adjacent beam bridges primarily consist of flat slab or hollow core sections, and they are currently only used on secondary, low-volume, short-span bridges. Durability and load sharing issues stemming from cracking, however, have caused concern with the longevity of these bridge types. Thus, the South Carolina Department of Transportation (SCDOT) has sought an alternative to the flat slab for short span bridges that can be used on high volume roads without an overlay. …
Assessment And Analysis Of Emotional Intelligence In Engineering Students, Xiaodan Zhou
Assessment And Analysis Of Emotional Intelligence In Engineering Students, Xiaodan Zhou
All Theses
ABSTRACT
Current research on the importance and relevance of the relationship between emotional intelligence and work outcomes has continuously gained momentum since the publication of Daniel Goleman's best seller Emotional Intelligence: Why It Can Matter More Than IQ (Goleman, 1995). Professional expertise is no longer the only standard by which to evaluate graduates. 'Soft skills', like emotional intelligence are viewed as effective ways, to distinguish potential high-performance workers and those who will be 'no more than' a worker. This paper made an attempt to correlate emotional intelligence with academic performance of civil engineering students. The emotional capability of the students …
Evaluation Of Utility Relocation Costs And Best Management Practices, Michael Reinke
Evaluation Of Utility Relocation Costs And Best Management Practices, Michael Reinke
All Theses
In recent years, the SCDOT has experienced a significant variation in estimated costs for the relocation of utilities on many projects. This has led to cost overruns and caused concerns for the district engineers responsible for the projects. Through meetings with SCDOT personnel and utility company representatives it was determined that a standardized cost estimate form combined with improved change order management and cost management strategies was needed. Recently submitted estimates were analyzed and rated by a panel on multiple criteria to generate a list of 'poor', 'good', and 'excellent' estimates. The 'excellent' estimates provided insight into the development of …
Discontinuous Galerkin Method For 1d Shallow Water Flow With Water Surface Slope Limiter, Wencong Lai
Discontinuous Galerkin Method For 1d Shallow Water Flow With Water Surface Slope Limiter, Wencong Lai
All Theses
A water surface slope limiting scheme is applied to numerically solve the one dimensional shallow water equations with bottom slope source term. The total variation diminishing Runge-Kutta discontinuous Galerkin finite element method with slope limiter schemes based on water surface and water depth are investigated for solving one-dimensional shallow water equations. For each slope limiter, three different Riemann solvers based on HLL, LF, and Roe flux functions are used. The three different solvers with slope limiters based on water surface and water depth are applied to simulate idealized dambreak problem, hydraulic jump, quiescent flow, subcritical flow, supercritical flow, and transcritical …
Correcting Liquefaction Resistance Of Partially Saturated Soil Using Compression Wave Velocity, Md Hossain
Correcting Liquefaction Resistance Of Partially Saturated Soil Using Compression Wave Velocity, Md Hossain
All Theses
Empirical relationships for correcting liquefaction resistance of partially saturated soil using longitudinal (P-) wave velocity (VP) and shear (S-) wave velocity (VS) are developed and evaluated in this thesis. The relationships are based on the laboratory test results for four different types of sands and one silt published by other investigators. The data used to develop the relationship with VP exhibit less scatter than the data used to develop the relationship with VP/VS. For this reason, the VP based relationship is recommended for correcting liquefaction resistance of partially saturated soil. …
The Feasibility Of Using An Instrumented Vehicle Equipped With Inertial Navigation Guidence System To Collect Roadway Grade And Cross-Slope Data For Safety Analysis, Cyle Rhoades
All Theses
In 2005, the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) requested the development for the initial version of the Model Minimum Inventory of Roadway Elements (MIRE). MIRE is a roadway inventory and traffic data collection data program that has a strong focus on improving the decision process in safety programs. MIRE is not a mandatory state program, but is strongly recommended based on its potential advantages. Some of the data required for MIRE was previously collected as a result of the requirements set from the Highway Performance Monitoring System (HPMS).
This thesis concentrates on the feasibility of determining as-built grade and cross-slope data …
Evaluating Transit Systems In A University Environment The Clemson University Case Study, Katerina Bartman
Evaluating Transit Systems In A University Environment The Clemson University Case Study, Katerina Bartman
All Theses
With the economy in a slow recovery, enrollment in higher education is
increasing. This means that universities across the country must accommodate these new students, their vehicles, and local transportation needs. Campus setting and ambiance is a treasured quality on a university campus resulting in the approval of additional surface lots and parking garages being difficult or restricted. To combat the increased number of single occupancy vehicles, universities are developing and encouraging the use of multimodal transportation by providing pedestrian, bicycle, and public transportation facilities along with providing users with the information necessary to make the optimal modal choice (Boyles, …
Alkali Silica Reaction Under The Influence Of Chloride Based Deicers, Purvi Desai
Alkali Silica Reaction Under The Influence Of Chloride Based Deicers, Purvi Desai
All Theses
Highways form the backbone of transportation in United States. As a result, issues related to distress in pavements and use of chemicals on pavement forms one of the major focus areas of highway agencies. One of the forms of distress in concrete pavements is Alkali silica reaction (ASR). External source of alkalis in the form of deicing chemicals play a key role in accelerating ASR. Sodium chloride or Rock salt is one of the oldest forms of deicers. Several research studies have been done on ASR under the influence of sodium chloride and calcium chloride. Limited information is available on …
A Comparison Of Small Scale Laboratory Experiments With The Environmetnal Protection Agency Reccomended Dense Gas Dispersion Models: An Assessment Of The Validity Of Salt Bath Modeling Of Atmospheric Flows, Katie Betz
All Theses
Accurate dense gas dispersion modeling is important in a number of fields from modeling smoke movement in a room to the spreading of dense toxic gas releases such as resulted from the Chlorine spill in Graniteville, SC in 2005. To this end, a series of small scale laboratory experiments using instantaneous releases of a cylindrical, finite volume of dense salt water were performed. In the experiments, the horizontal spread of the dense liquid over a flat surface(i.e. gravity current front position over time) was measured.
The results of these small scale experiments were compared to two dense gas dispersion models …
Long-Term Performance Of Pavement Markings On Primary And Secondary Roads, Joshua Johnson
Long-Term Performance Of Pavement Markings On Primary And Secondary Roads, Joshua Johnson
All Theses
This research analyzes waterbased and thermoplastic pavement markings on primary and secondary roads in South Carolina. The primary objective of this research was to develop retroreflectivity degradation models for these two pavement marking materials, as well as determine the expected useful life of the markings. Predicting retroreflectivity and marking life is important so that state DOTs may efficiently replace markings in order to reduce safety hazards as well as maintenance costs.
Data collection for this research lasted 21 months, where retroreflectivity of pavement markings was measured on over 100 primary and secondary roads in South Carolina. Variables such as marking …
Liquefaction Analysis Of Three Pleistocene Sand Deposits That Did Not Liquefy During The 1886 Charleston, South Carolina Earthquake Based On Shear Wave Velocity And Penetration Resistance, Aaron Geiger
All Theses
The results of geotechnical investigations at three sites located in the South Carolina Coastal Plain are presented in this thesis. The three sites are called the Hobcaw Barony Borrow Pit site located near Georgetown, SC; the Rest Area Ponds site near Walterboro, SC; and the Lowcountry Sand & Gravel site, also near Walterboro. Near-surface sand deposits at these sites ranged in geologic age from 200,000 to greater than 1,000,000 years. These three sites lie well outside the region of most liquefaction effects observed following the 1886 Charleston earthquake. Investigations conducted at the sites include seismic cone penetration tests with pore …