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2016

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Articles 1201 - 1230 of 2180

Full-Text Articles in Civil and Environmental Engineering

Str-886: Effect Of Concrete Strength On The Punching Shear Behaviour Of Gfrp-Rc Slab-Column Edge Connections, Ahmed M. Mostafa, Mohammed G. El-Gendy, Ehab El-Salakawy Jun 2016

Str-886: Effect Of Concrete Strength On The Punching Shear Behaviour Of Gfrp-Rc Slab-Column Edge Connections, Ahmed M. Mostafa, Mohammed G. El-Gendy, Ehab El-Salakawy

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

This paper presents the results of an experimental program carried out to investigate the effect of concrete strength on the punching shear behaviour of concrete slab-column edge connections reinforced with glass fibre-reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars. Six full-scale connections were constructed and tested to failure under gravity loads. Three connections were made of normal strength concrete (NSC), while the other three were made of high strength concrete (HSC). The dimensions of the slabs were 2,800×1,550×200 mm with a 300-mm square column extending 1,000 mm above and below the slab. All connections were reinforced with GFRP sand-coated bars without shear reinforcement. Three …

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Str-896: Potential Pitfalls In The Practical Application Of The Random Decrement Technique, Ronwaldo Emmanuel R. Aquino, Yukio Tamura Jun 2016

Str-896: Potential Pitfalls In The Practical Application Of The Random Decrement Technique, Ronwaldo Emmanuel R. Aquino, Yukio Tamura

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

The Random Decrement Technique (RDT) has been widely used to extract as-built structural dynamic properties of civil engineering structures under ambient excitation, such as natural frequency, damping ratio, and their nonlinearity. This paper aims to clarify firstly that the RDT itself is not a damping evaluation technique (DET), but rather a data conditioning technique, akin to a filter. It results in what is called a “random decrement signature” (RDS) that is considered to represent the free decay response of the system, mode, or DOF being investigated. This paper also aims to show that a number of parameters influence the outcome …

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Str-908: Effect Of Geometric Imperfections On The Capacity Of Conical Steel Tanks Under Hydrodynamic Pressure, Ahmed Musa, Ashraf A. El Damatty Jun 2016

Str-908: Effect Of Geometric Imperfections On The Capacity Of Conical Steel Tanks Under Hydrodynamic Pressure, Ahmed Musa, Ashraf A. El Damatty

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

Liquid tanks in the form of truncated steel cones are commonly used for liquid storage in North America and in other locations. The main cause of failure, for conical steel tanks in particular, which was identified in most of the failure cases, is the buckling of the tank’s shell at locations of maximum compressive stress. Being constructed of steel, geometric imperfections in the conical tank walls will exist and their amplitude will be dependent on the quality controls applied by the builder. Such geometric imperfections play an important role in defining the buckling capacity of shell structures in general. Some …

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Str-910: Assessment Of Plate Buckling Theory For Twin-Layered Plates Using Three Dimensional Finite Element Analysis, Sepideh Zaghian, Magdi Mohareb Jun 2016

Str-910: Assessment Of Plate Buckling Theory For Twin-Layered Plates Using Three Dimensional Finite Element Analysis, Sepideh Zaghian, Magdi Mohareb

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) plates present a viable option for strengthening corroded flanges and/or webs subjected to normal or shear stresses, to help restore their original local buckling strength. Given the large difference in elastic properties for the steel, adhesive, and GFRP, the use of the concept of transformed section is found to grossly overestimate the buckling strength of such system. An accurate prediction for the buckling strength of such systems necessitates the use of Three-dimensional Finite Element Analysis (3D FEA) modeling involving significant modelling and computational effort. The present paper is part of a larger study aimed at …

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Str-907: The New Champlain Bridge – Technical Requirements And Delivery Status Report, Guy Mailhot Jun 2016

Str-907: The New Champlain Bridge – Technical Requirements And Delivery Status Report, Guy Mailhot

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

In June 2015, the Government of Canada awarded a 3.98 billion dollar contract to the consortium Signature on the Saint Lawrence Group to design, build, operate, maintain and finance the undertaking of the new Champlain Bridge Corridor Project. Procured as a public-private partnership, this new project entails a new replacement crossing over the St. Lawrence River in Montreal and represents one of the largest bridge projects currently underway in North America. This new major transportation infrastructure, extending over a length of some 3.3 km will provide six vehicular traffic lanes, two lanes dedicated to a mass transit corridor and a …

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Str-912: Effect Of Geometric Imperfection On Lateral Torsional Buckling Capacity Of I-Beams, Md. Imran Kabir, Anjan K. Bhowmick Jun 2016

Str-912: Effect Of Geometric Imperfection On Lateral Torsional Buckling Capacity Of I-Beams, Md. Imran Kabir, Anjan K. Bhowmick

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

Lateral Torsional Buckling (LTB) is a mode of buckling that occurs when a flexural member undergoes both lateral deflection and twisting. LTB can be considered as a critical condition for laterally unsupported beams. Current design specifications in North America (AISC 2010 and CSA S16-14) for LTB of wide flange (W-shape) and welded wide flange (WWF-shape) beams were derived from study of beams subjected to uniform bending moment distributions along beams’ lengths. Past studies on laterally unsupported I-beams indicated that geometric imperfection could significantly affect the LTB capacity of the laterally unsupported beams. Thus, research on effect of geometric imperfections for …

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Str-891: Flexural Behaviour Of Thin-Walled Flax Fibre Reinforced Polymer Beams With Foam Cores, Douglas Tomlinson, Jelica Garcia, Amir Fam Jun 2016

Str-891: Flexural Behaviour Of Thin-Walled Flax Fibre Reinforced Polymer Beams With Foam Cores, Douglas Tomlinson, Jelica Garcia, Amir Fam

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

There is a rapidly growing demand for more environmentally sustainable materials in the construction industry. Natural flax fibre reinforced polymers (FRPs) have potential applications as lightweight skins for utility poles, pedestrian bridge elements, and small wind turbine shafts but the structural behaviour of flax-FRP wrapped foam beams has yet to be investigated. Six beams with various internal foam density and fibre arrangements were constructed and tested. A control beam was made using one glass-FRP (one layer of longitudinal fibres, one transverse) while the remaining used flax-FRP. A fabrication technique for constructing the tubes was developed and presented here. An arrangement …

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Str-916: Strain Analysis Of Dented Pipelines Based On Dent Profile, Chike Okoloekwe, Roger Cheng, Muntaseer Kainat, Samer Adeeb, Doug Langer, Sherif Hassanien Jun 2016

Str-916: Strain Analysis Of Dented Pipelines Based On Dent Profile, Chike Okoloekwe, Roger Cheng, Muntaseer Kainat, Samer Adeeb, Doug Langer, Sherif Hassanien

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

Dents are plastic deformations on a pipeline’s cross-section caused by contact with external forces. They are known to have the potential to adversely affect the structural integrity of the pipeline as they induce localized strains and stresses on the pipeline. In this study, the finite element analysis of a dented plate and an analytical approach to the determination of strains based on a dent profile are compared in a bid to develop a procedure for evaluating the strains on a dented pipeline based solely on the dent profile.

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Str-918: Structural Modal Identification Using An Improved Empirical Mode Decomposition, Ayan Sadhu, Mohamed Barbosh Jun 2016

Str-918: Structural Modal Identification Using An Improved Empirical Mode Decomposition, Ayan Sadhu, Mohamed Barbosh

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

Empirical mode decomposition (EMD) has shown significant promises in signal decomposition of vibration data of civil engineering structures. Owing to its self-adaptive time-frequency decomposition capability, it is widely used in system identification of both linear and nonlinear structures. Unlike EMD which uses only single sensor, multivariate EMD (MEMD) is recently explored as a modal identification tool utilizing multichannel vibration measurements. In this paper, the performance of MEMD is investigated by integrating with another powerful signal separation technique to undertake modal identification under a wide range of applications. The proposed EMD method is validated using a suite of numerical studies.

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Str-895: Moment Redistribution Of Gfrp-Rc Continuous T-Beams, S. M. Hasanur Rahman, Ehab El-Salakawy Jun 2016

Str-895: Moment Redistribution Of Gfrp-Rc Continuous T-Beams, S. M. Hasanur Rahman, Ehab El-Salakawy

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) bars have proven to be an excellent alternative to steel bars in many concrete structures such as parking garages and overpasses that are susceptible to harsh environments and consequently corrosion of steel reinforcement. In these structures, FRP reinforced concrete (FRP-RC) continuous beams are common members. Moment redistribution in FRP-RC continuous beams has not been well established yet because of the different characteristics of FRP bars such as linear-elastic stress-strain relationship and lower modulus of elasticity compared to conventional steel. Recent studies showed that redistribution of internal forces in Glass (G) FRP-RC continuous beams with a rectangular section …

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Str-906: Computer-Image-Based Loosened Bolt Detection Using Support Vector Machines, Young-Jin Cha, Kisung You, Wooram Choi Jun 2016

Str-906: Computer-Image-Based Loosened Bolt Detection Using Support Vector Machines, Young-Jin Cha, Kisung You, Wooram Choi

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

Despite many contact-sensor-based methods have been proposed to monitor and detect structural defects, there are still difficulties compensating for environmental effects and malfunctions of attached sensors, which are main reasons for transmitting false signals. Moreover, regardless of releasing correct or incorrect signals, it eventually leads to human-conducted on-site inspections. In light of these shortcomings, vision-based inspections are considered as potential approach to overcome the explained issues. A number of vision-based methods for detecting damages from images have been developed. However, there are only a few vision-based methods for detecting loosened bolts. Thus, a computer-vision method for detecting loosened bolts is …

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Str-909: Flexural Behaviour Of Highly Composite Nonloadbearing Precast Concrete Sandwich Panels Nabi, Nabi Goudarzi, Yasser Korany, Samer Adeeb, Roger Cheng Jun 2016

Str-909: Flexural Behaviour Of Highly Composite Nonloadbearing Precast Concrete Sandwich Panels Nabi, Nabi Goudarzi, Yasser Korany, Samer Adeeb, Roger Cheng

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

Precast Concrete Sandwich Panels (PCSP) are proposed as an enclosure of modern net-zero energy buildings as they provide high thermal insulation and efficient protection against moisture ingress. A new PCSP system has recently been developed that consists of two layers of insulation – a 51 mm Polystyrene foam panel and a grooved 25.4 mm Polystyrene board – sandwiched between two reinforced concrete layers tied together by novel Z-Shape Steel Plate Connectors (ZSPC). Some of these panels are enclosed at the top and bottom with concrete beams, commonly known as end-beams. The out-of-plane behaviour of PCSP is typically described as: fully …

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Str-898: Residual Axial Behavior Of Fire-Damaged Reinforced Concrete Columns, M. Monir A. Alhadid, Maged A. Youssef Jun 2016

Str-898: Residual Axial Behavior Of Fire-Damaged Reinforced Concrete Columns, M. Monir A. Alhadid, Maged A. Youssef

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

Engineers need a simplified procedure to predict the residual axial capacity and stiffness of Reinforced Concrete (RC) columns exposed to a complete heating-cooling cycle. Finite difference heat transfer and sectional analysis models are developed to determine the axial behavior of such columns with various end-restraint conditions at different fire durations. The influence of cooling phase on temperature distribution and residual mechanical properties are considered in the analysis. The ability of the model to predict the axial behavior of the damaged columns is validated in view of related experimental studies and shown to be in very good agreement. A parametric study …

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Str-913: Non-Linear Finite Element Analysis Of Modified Infilled Steel And Concrete Frame Systems, Nabi Goudarzi, Mohammed Nazief, Yasser Korany Jun 2016

Str-913: Non-Linear Finite Element Analysis Of Modified Infilled Steel And Concrete Frame Systems, Nabi Goudarzi, Mohammed Nazief, Yasser Korany

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

To enhance the resiliency of framed structures under lateral loads, new infilled frame systems have been developed and evaluated using finite element method. The developed frame systems include haunches to reduce stress concentration at the frame’s corners under lateral in-plane loads thus improving the resistance of the infilled frame system. A previously developed and validated three dimensional finite element models based on the simplified micro-modelling technique were adopted in this study to investigate the behaviour of infilled steel and reinforced concrete frames under lateral in-plane loads. The investigated parameters include: the infill wall stiffness, the presence and size of haunches …

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Str-914: Reliability-Based Design Optimization Of Prestressed Girder Bridges, Yassin Taha Mashal Al-Delaimi, Elena Dragomeriscu Jun 2016

Str-914: Reliability-Based Design Optimization Of Prestressed Girder Bridges, Yassin Taha Mashal Al-Delaimi, Elena Dragomeriscu

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

Prestressed concrete girder bridges are popular structures due to their simplicity of fabrication, speed of construction, ease of inspection, maintenance and replacement. Many design factors play an essential role in deciding the members’ dimensions, geometry, weights, and cost. This reflects the importance of developing optimization tools that provide cost-effective design by determining certain design variables to achieve the best measurable objective function under given constraints. However, in order to maintain appropriate safety levels while performing the optimization process, it becomes necessary to adopt a probabilistic approach that considers the uncertainties associated with the basic design variables. In this paper, a …

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Str-894: Bond Strength Of Ribbed-Surface High-Modulus Glass Frp Bars Embedded Into Unconfined Uhpfrc, Mahmoud Sayed-Ahmed, Khaled Sennah Jun 2016

Str-894: Bond Strength Of Ribbed-Surface High-Modulus Glass Frp Bars Embedded Into Unconfined Uhpfrc, Mahmoud Sayed-Ahmed, Khaled Sennah

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

High-modulus (HM) ribbed-surface glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars have recently been used in concrete bridge decks to avoid corrosion of steel reinforcement resulting from the use of de-icing salts in winter times in North America. Recently, prefabricated full-depth deck panels (FDDPs), made of normal strength concrete or high performance concrete and reinforced with GFRP bars, are used in Canada to acceleration bridge construction. The FDDPs are connected through panel-to-panel and panel-to-girder connections. These connections are filled with joint-filled cementitious materials as ultra-high performance fiber-reinforced concrete (UHPFRC). This paper presents the experimental program to investigate the bond strength of the …

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Str-920: Structural Behaviour Of Reinforced High Performance Concrete Columns Subjected To Monotonic Axial Loading, Ali E. Yeganeh, Khandaker M. Anwar Hossain, M. S. Anwar Jun 2016

Str-920: Structural Behaviour Of Reinforced High Performance Concrete Columns Subjected To Monotonic Axial Loading, Ali E. Yeganeh, Khandaker M. Anwar Hossain, M. S. Anwar

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

This paper presents the results of experimental and analytical investigations on the structural performance of high performance reinforced concrete (HPC) columns subjected to monotonic axial loading. Reinforced columns made of self-consolidating concrete (SCC), engineered cementitious composite (ECC) and ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) were tested to failure under axial loading. The test variables included concrete strength and length/slenderness of columns (classified as short and long columns). The UHPC and ECC columns demonstrated excellent ductility and higher energy absorbing capacity compared to their SCC counterparts. UHPC columns also illustrated higher ultimate load capacity compared to both ECC and SCC columns. The efficiency …

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Str-921: Effect Of Non-Structural Components On The Modal Properties Of Buildings Using Ambient Vibration Testing, Rola Assi, Suze Youance, Alexis Bonne, Marie-José Nollet Jun 2016

Str-921: Effect Of Non-Structural Components On The Modal Properties Of Buildings Using Ambient Vibration Testing, Rola Assi, Suze Youance, Alexis Bonne, Marie-José Nollet

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

This paper illustrates the effect of non-structural components on the variation of dynamic properties of buildings in the elastic range using ambient vibration testing. A six-storey reinforced concrete building that forms part of the École de Technologie Supérieure campus was studied. Ambient vibration tests were conducted on this building during its construction and once finished. Measured records at different floor levels served to extract the natural frequencies, mode shapes and damping ratios of the building. Values obtained for the studied building, both at bare frame and finished phases were then compared. Calculated differences in the natural frequencies of the building …

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Str-922: Impact Of Slenderness On The Seismic Response Of Rocking Frames In Ontario Nuclear Power Plants, Amitabh Dar, Dimitrios Konstantinidis, Wael El-Dakhakhni Jun 2016

Str-922: Impact Of Slenderness On The Seismic Response Of Rocking Frames In Ontario Nuclear Power Plants, Amitabh Dar, Dimitrios Konstantinidis, Wael El-Dakhakhni

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

Canadian Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs) are located on the eastern side of the North American continent, with the majority of them in Ontario. The Design Basis Earthquake (DBE), based on West Coast records, is prescribed in the Canadian nuclear standards. Seismic Probabilistic Risk Assessment studies of the existing plants consider time histories obtained from the latest research on the East Coast earthquakes as seismic input to the analysis. Although Canadian standards are silent about rocking response of unanchored objects, various industry guidelines and the standard ASCE 43-05 prescribe methodologies in this regard. Applications of a rocking frame in a NPP …

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Str-923: Fatigue Of Stud Shear Connectors In Steel-Precast Composite Bridges, Matthew Sjaarda, Taylor Porter, Jeffrey S. West, Scott Walbridge Jun 2016

Str-923: Fatigue Of Stud Shear Connectors In Steel-Precast Composite Bridges, Matthew Sjaarda, Taylor Porter, Jeffrey S. West, Scott Walbridge

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

Modular bridge systems consisting of precast concrete deck panels connected to steel girders are becoming increasingly popular due to their rapid construction and optimal material utilization. The shear connection is a critical element of the system, having significant impacts on construction time, economic and environmental cost, structural integrity, and durability. Today welded shear studs are by far the most common type of shear connection. In steel-precast composite bridges, the studs are commonly grouped together so that the precast deck panels can be affixed to the girders by providing full depth “shear pockets” filled with grout. A laboratory beam testing program …

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Str-924: Effect Of Low Temperature On The Shear-Fatigue Performance Of Reinforced Concrete Beams, M. Mehdi Mirzazadeh, Martin Noël, Mark F. Green Jun 2016

Str-924: Effect Of Low Temperature On The Shear-Fatigue Performance Of Reinforced Concrete Beams, M. Mehdi Mirzazadeh, Martin Noël, Mark F. Green

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

This paper investigates the fatigue behaviour of a reinforced concrete beam (without shear reinforcement) at low temperature (-20°C) compared to a similar beam tested near room temperature (+16°C). Two large-scale steel reinforced beams (200 mm x 400 mm x 4200 mm) were fabricated and tested. The beams had temperature differentials over their depth to simulate solar radiation and in-service temperature of the bridges. The beams were cyclically loaded to failure with a stress range representing the ratio of live to dead loads found in most bridges. This study showed that low temperature increased the fatigue life of the reinforced concrete …

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Str-925: Bonding Behavior In Bridge Steel-Reinforced Elastomeric Isolators, Moein Ahmadipour, Farshad Hedayati-Dezfuli, M. Shahria Alam Jun 2016

Str-925: Bonding Behavior In Bridge Steel-Reinforced Elastomeric Isolators, Moein Ahmadipour, Farshad Hedayati-Dezfuli, M. Shahria Alam

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

Steel-reinforced elastomeric isolators (SREIs) have been shown to be efficient devices to protect structures against moderate and severe earthquakes by isolating them from ground motions. Bridge elastomeric isolators, however, deteriorate when undergone repetitive loading cycles due to either earthquakes or traffic loadings. One major damage type observed dominantly in these devices is delamination or de-bonding between rubber and supporting plates and steel reinforcements, if cold-bonded. This paper investigates potential damage scenarios likely to occur in cold-bonded bridge SREIs. It also looks into bonding properties of rubber and steel in tension and shear, the two important functional characteristics of elastomeric isolators. …

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Str-926: Footfall-Induced Vibration: Prediction And Control Strategies, J. Shayne Love, Trevor C. Haskett, Aaron G. Gradeen Jun 2016

Str-926: Footfall-Induced Vibration: Prediction And Control Strategies, J. Shayne Love, Trevor C. Haskett, Aaron G. Gradeen

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

Footfalls can produce vibrations that are irritating to occupants, or disruptive to vibration-sensitive spaces in hospitals and research laboratories. This paper describes, using case studies, techniques that can be used to predict vibrations, and mitigation strategies to control them. Firstly, pedestrian loading on footbridges is described. Stochastic simulations are conducted in which a number of pedestrians with random weights, walking speeds, and walking paths cross a bridge with random spacing. The resulting vibration response of the bridge is determined to estimate the peak acceleration of the bridge. For the case considered, tuned mass dampers (TMDs) were subsequently installed on the …

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Str-927: Shear Resistance Of Lightweight Self-Consolidating Concrete Beams, K. Sathiyamoorthy, Khandaker M. Anwar Hossain, A. Lotfy Jun 2016

Str-927: Shear Resistance Of Lightweight Self-Consolidating Concrete Beams, K. Sathiyamoorthy, Khandaker M. Anwar Hossain, A. Lotfy

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

This paper presents the shear behavior of lightweight self-consolidating concrete (LWSCC) beams without shear reinforcement compared to those made with normal weight self-consolidating concrete (SCC). The variables in this experimental and Code based study was shear span to depth ratio, concrete types and longitudinal reinforcement. The performance of LWSCC was compared with normal SCC beams based on load-deformation response, stress-strain development, and shear strength and failure modes. LWSCC beams showed lower post-cracking shear resistance and the shear strength of LWSCC/SCC beams increased with the decrease of shear span to depth ratio. LWSCC beams showed higher number of cracks and wider …

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Str-928: Shear Resistance Of Composite Beams Without Shear Reinforcement, Md. Saiful Hasib, Khandaker M. Anwar Hossain Jun 2016

Str-928: Shear Resistance Of Composite Beams Without Shear Reinforcement, Md. Saiful Hasib, Khandaker M. Anwar Hossain

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

This paper presents the shear behaviour of composite beams made of combinations of high performance concretes (HPCs) such as self-consolidating concrete (SCC) and ductile Engineered Cementitious Composite (ECC). The variables in this experimental and Code based study was shear span to depth ratio, concrete types, longitudinal reinforcement and depth ratio (of ECC and SCC layer). The performance of ECC-SCC composite beams was compared with full depth normal SCC beams based on load-deformation response, stress-strain development, shear strength, failure mode, energy absorption capacity and aggregate-dowel action. The performance of American code in predicting shear strength of SCC beams including ECC-SCC composite …

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Str-929: Experimental Testing Of A New Hysteretic Damper For Base Isolated Bridges, Seyyed Behnam Golzan, Sébastien Langlois, Frederic P. Legeron Jun 2016

Str-929: Experimental Testing Of A New Hysteretic Damper For Base Isolated Bridges, Seyyed Behnam Golzan, Sébastien Langlois, Frederic P. Legeron

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

An experimental procedure was developed to implement a simplified design method of supplemental dampers for isolated highway bridges. For seismically base-isolated bridges subjected to an earthquake, the principal modes of the structure are in the isolation level which effectively lessens the seismic base shear conveyed from the superstructure to the substructure. However, this also has the effect of increasing superstructure displacement. To control the deformation of the isolators, supplemental energy dissipating devices can be introduced into the isolation system. This may nevertheless increase the total structure base shear and the merit of adding dampers has to be evaluated properly. In …

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Str-930: Cross Laminated Timber Walls With Openings: In-Plane Stiffness Prediction And Sensitivity Analysis, Md. Shahnewaz, M. Shahria Alam, Thomas Tannert, Marjan Popovski Jun 2016

Str-930: Cross Laminated Timber Walls With Openings: In-Plane Stiffness Prediction And Sensitivity Analysis, Md. Shahnewaz, M. Shahria Alam, Thomas Tannert, Marjan Popovski

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

Cross-laminated timber (CLT) is gaining popularity in residential and non-residential applications in the North American construction market. An accurate quantification of in-plane stiffness of the CLT walls with openings is required to design a CLT structure subjected to lateral loads. Nevertheless, till today, no general approach is available for the design of CLT-members loaded in plane and there are no standardized methods for determining the stiffness of CLT shearwalls in the respective material design standards: the CSA O86 in Canada, and the NDS in the US. This study aims to quantify the stiffness of CLT walls with openings under in-plane …

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Str-931: Timber I-Joists With Web Openings: Reinforcement, Capacity Prediction And Sensitivity Analysis, Md. Shahnewaz, M. Shahidul Islam, M. Shahria Alam, Thomas Tannert Jun 2016

Str-931: Timber I-Joists With Web Openings: Reinforcement, Capacity Prediction And Sensitivity Analysis, Md. Shahnewaz, M. Shahidul Islam, M. Shahria Alam, Thomas Tannert

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

Timber I-joists are a popular product in light-frame wood construction in North America. The design with timber I-joists, however, has not yet achieved the same level of refinement compared to reinforced concrete or steel structures. One of the reasons is that timber I-joists have higher variability in their material properties than more homogeneous building materials. Additionally, although very commonly applied in practice, engineers and practitioners have limited knowledge and guidance for I-joists with web opening. As a result, in many cases the design of timber I-joists based on manufacturer’s specifications lead to very conservative solutions. The present research predicts the …

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Str-934: Fatigue Response Of Uhpc As A Closure Strip Material In Prefabricated Bridge Applications, Benjamin D. Dow, Scott Walbridge, Jeffrey S. West Jun 2016

Str-934: Fatigue Response Of Uhpc As A Closure Strip Material In Prefabricated Bridge Applications, Benjamin D. Dow, Scott Walbridge, Jeffrey S. West

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

Replacement of concrete bridge decks can be an expensive process. In order to decrease costs and time of construction, precast deck panels can be used with closure strips cast in place between the panels. In order to ensure that these connections can withstand the rigors of a bridge’s life cycle, fatigue testing was completed on a specimen consisting of two precast concrete panels reinforced with GFRP and connected using a UHPC closure strip. These panels were subjected to 2,000,000 cycles of fatigue loading at three locations and subject to static failure loading at one location following fatigue loads. It was …

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Str-937: Behaviour Of Frp-Reinforced Cfft Columns Under Axial Compression Loading, Asmaa Abdeldaim Ahmed, Radhouane Masmoudi Jun 2016

Str-937: Behaviour Of Frp-Reinforced Cfft Columns Under Axial Compression Loading, Asmaa Abdeldaim Ahmed, Radhouane Masmoudi

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

This paper presents the test results of an experimental study aimed at investigating the axial behaviour of CFFT columns internally reinforced with steel and FRP bars. A total of eight reinforced concrete (RC) and concrete-filled FRP tube (CFFT) columns were constructed and tested until failure. All columns had 1900-mm in height and 213-mm in diameter. The test parameters were: (1) internal reinforcement type (steel, glass FRP (GFRP), or carbon FRP (CFRP) bars) and amount, (2) GFRP tube thicknesses, and (3) nature of axial loading type (i.e. monotonic and cyclic). The experimental results revealed that the CFFT columns reinforced with GFRP …

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