Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Civil and Environmental Engineering Commons™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

2009

Discipline
Institution
Keyword
Publication
Publication Type
File Type

Articles 361 - 390 of 655

Full-Text Articles in Civil and Environmental Engineering

On The Performance Of Svd-Dwt Based Digital Video Watermarking Technique With Semi-Blind Detector, Tarzan Basaruddin, Della Maulidiya Apr 2009

On The Performance Of Svd-Dwt Based Digital Video Watermarking Technique With Semi-Blind Detector, Tarzan Basaruddin, Della Maulidiya

Makara Journal of Technology

On the Performance of SVD-DWT Based Digital Video Watermarking Technique with Semi-Blind Detector. This paper presents a watermarking technique for digital video. The proposed scheme is developed based on the work of Ganic and Chan which took the virtue of SVD and DWT. While the previous works of Chan has the blind detector property, our attempt is to develop a scheme with semi-blind detector, by using the merit of the DWT-SDV technique proposed by Ganic which was originally applied to still image. Overall, our experimental results show that our proposed scheme has a very good imperceptibility and is reasonably robust …

Go to article

Lipid Production From Microalgae As A Promising Candidate For Biodiesel Production, Arief Widjaja Apr 2009

Lipid Production From Microalgae As A Promising Candidate For Biodiesel Production, Arief Widjaja

Makara Journal of Technology

Recently, several strains of microalgae have been studied as they contain high lipid content capable to be converted to biodiesel. Fresh water microalgae Chlorella vulgaris studied in this research was one of the proof as it contained high triacyl glyceride which made it a potential candidate for biodiesel production. Factors responsible for good growing of microalgae such as CO2 and nitrogen concentration were investigated. It was found that total lipid content was increased after exposing to media with not enough nitrogen concentration. However, under this nitrogen depletion media, the growth rate was very slow leading to lower lipid productivity. The …

Go to article

Economic Development Performance Measures And Rural Economic Development In Indiana, Jennifer L. Sharkey, Jon D. Fricker Apr 2009

Economic Development Performance Measures And Rural Economic Development In Indiana, Jennifer L. Sharkey, Jon D. Fricker

JTRP Technical Reports

An important consideration when identifying and implementing transportation investments is the prospect of economic development. Government agencies are faced with the challenging task of efficiently allocating scarce resources in order to satisfy the physical needs of the state and its communities. The Indiana Department of Transportation has the difficult task of prioritizing projects involving urban and rural transportation investments while attempting to satisfy both local and state needs. Typically, urban settings provide the greatest opportunity for economic development, due to population density, public infrastructure, and ready markets. Consequently, rural areas may get left behind, becoming more isolated and unattractive from …

Go to article

Bs News Apr 2009

Bs News

Building Services Engineering

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Mitigating The Expansive Behavior Of Chemically Treated Soils, Sochan Jung, Maria Caterina Santagata Apr 2009

Mitigating The Expansive Behavior Of Chemically Treated Soils, Sochan Jung, Maria Caterina Santagata

JTRP Technical Reports

Sulfate-induced heave, resulting from the chemical treatment of sulfate rich soils, has been known to cause significant damage to pavements and other structures particularly in the south-western United States. This research addressed the problem of sulfate-induced heave in coal mine spoils, formed as a result of shallow strip coal mining, after treatment with calcium-based stabilizers. These spoils occur in areas of Indiana in which substantial infrastructure development is taking place and will continue to occur in the next 10-15 years. Samples of coal mine spoils were obtained from different sites in Indiana. While the majority of the samples exhibited sulfate …

Go to article

Needs Assessment For Local Roads And Streets 2009, Indiana Ltap Apr 2009

Needs Assessment For Local Roads And Streets 2009, Indiana Ltap

Indiana Local Technical Assistance Program (LTAP) Publications

This report presents the results of a study whose objective was to use the condition of local transportation infrastructure to identify the funding level required to maintain the infrastructure and then compare this with existing funding to determine the adequacy of the current funding. The basic finding of the study is evidence that there is a severe shortage of funds to adequately maintain local transportation facilities.

Go to article

Practical Approximations To Quantify The Impact Of Time Windows And Delivery Sizes On Vmt Multi-Stop Tours, Miguel A. Figliozzi Apr 2009

Practical Approximations To Quantify The Impact Of Time Windows And Delivery Sizes On Vmt Multi-Stop Tours, Miguel A. Figliozzi

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

This paper studies approximations to the average length of Vehicle Routing Problems (VRP). The approximations are valuable for strategic and planning analysis of transportation and logistics problems. The research focus is on VRP with varying number of customers, demands, and locations. This modeling environment can be used in transport and logistics models that deal with a distribution center serving an area with daily variations in the demand. The routes are calculated daily based on what freight is available. New approximations and experimental settings are introduced. Average distance travelled is estimated as a function of the number of customers served and …

Go to article

Environmental Remediation Full-Scale Implementation: Back To Simple Microbial Massive Culture Approaches, Agung Dhamar Syakti, Mohamad Yani Apr 2009

Environmental Remediation Full-Scale Implementation: Back To Simple Microbial Massive Culture Approaches, Agung Dhamar Syakti, Mohamad Yani

Makara Journal of Technology

Using bioaugmentation and biostimulation approach for contaminated soil bioremediation were investigated and implemented on field scale. We combine those approaches by culturing massively the petrophilic indigenous microorganisms from chronically contaminated soil enriched by mixed manure. Through these methods, bioremediation performance revealed promising results in removing the petroleum hydrocarbons comparatively using metabolite by product such as biosurfactant, specific enzymes and other extra-cellular product which are considered as a difficult task and will impact on cost increase.

Go to article

Preparation Of Radioactive Gold Nanoparticle By Neutron Activation, Rohadi Awaludin Apr 2009

Preparation Of Radioactive Gold Nanoparticle By Neutron Activation, Rohadi Awaludin

Makara Journal of Technology

Preparation of Radioactive Gold Nanoparticle by Neutron Activation. It was reported that gold nanoparticle could be used for cancer therapy using thermal effect. It is possible to kill cancer cells using radiation of radioisotope. Study on preparation of radioactive gold by neutron activation at central irradiation position (CIP) of G.A. Siwabessy reactor with neutron flux 1.26 x 1014 neutron s-1cm-2 has been carried out. It was revealed that a radioisotop of gold (198Au) was produced by neutron activation from natural gold. Calculation results showed that 198Au with radioactivity of 0.366 Bq, 2.93 Bq, 9.90 Bq and 23.4 Bq was produced …

Go to article

Implementation Of Web Cam As Motion Detector With Directshow Interfacing, Yonatan Santoso, Iwan Setiyawan, Victor N. Papilaya Apr 2009

Implementation Of Web Cam As Motion Detector With Directshow Interfacing, Yonatan Santoso, Iwan Setiyawan, Victor N. Papilaya

Makara Journal of Technology

Implementation of Web Cam as Motion Detector with DirectShow Interfacing. One of many ways to take control a web cam is by using DirectShow which is integrated in DirectX. DirectShow acts like an API therefore it is easier to use. Afterwards, web cam will be implemented to detect object’s motion as well as camera surveillance. The method is by comparing a reference image with other image which is taken lately. If there are differences between those image it means motion has been detected.

Go to article

Thermal Stability Of Clay's Galleries In Polypropylene - Clay (Montmorillonite) Nanocomposites Using Polypropylene-Gmaleic Anhydride As Compatibilizer, Sotya Astutiningsih, Pandu Lanang Kinasih, Arief Cahyo Wibowo Apr 2009

Thermal Stability Of Clay's Galleries In Polypropylene - Clay (Montmorillonite) Nanocomposites Using Polypropylene-Gmaleic Anhydride As Compatibilizer, Sotya Astutiningsih, Pandu Lanang Kinasih, Arief Cahyo Wibowo

Makara Journal of Technology

Thermal Stability of Clay's Galleries in Polypropylene - Clay (montmorillonite) Nanocomposites using Polypropylene-g- Maleic Anhydride as Compatibilizer. Superior properties of food packaging can be achieved using nanocomposite technology. However, fabrication of this materials are complex and expensive. Long term objectives of this research is the synthesis of low cost polypropylene clay nanocomposites (PPCN) via a short-cut method known as ‘cascade engineering’. Cascade engineering principle in PPCN fabrication is performed by using compatibilizer (to enable the mixing of PP and clay) masterbatch, and PPCN in one pot process using melt mixer. This paper present the experimental results using small-angle x-ray diffraction …

Go to article

Induction And Conduction Electromagnetic Waves Caused By Lightning Strike On The Low Voltage Network, Reynaldo Zoro Apr 2009

Induction And Conduction Electromagnetic Waves Caused By Lightning Strike On The Low Voltage Network, Reynaldo Zoro

Makara Journal of Technology

Induction and Conduction Electromagnetic Waves Caused by Lightning Strike on the Low Voltage Network. Direct and indirect lightning strikes can disturb and induce low voltage overheadlines and it can produced overvoltage due to traveling waves along the lines. This overvoltage can damage the equipments connected to it. It was recorded that there were already a lot of damages of electronic equipments and arrestesr located inside the building of Lightning Measurement Station at Mnt. Tangkuban Perahu. Most of the overvoltage which was developed on the low voltage lines were coming from indirect lightning strike nearby due to the fact that most …

Go to article

Muara Bekasi – Muara Tawar Offshore Transmission Pipeline Routing And Economic Analysis., Asep Handaya Saputra, Ardiansyah Ardiansyah Apr 2009

Muara Bekasi – Muara Tawar Offshore Transmission Pipeline Routing And Economic Analysis., Asep Handaya Saputra, Ardiansyah Ardiansyah

Makara Journal of Technology

Muara Bekasi – Muara Tawar Offshore Transmission Pipeline Routing and Economic Analysis. Power plant Muara Tawar will substitute the need of oil fuel to gas as form of economizing and energy conservation. The nearest supply point to fulfill natural gas needed on Muara Bekasi. So that Power Plant Company needed to develop gas pipeline infrastructure to joining the point.The purpose of this study is to create a system of gas transmission pipeline from gas supply point at Muara Bekasi to Power Plant Muara Tawar trough to offshore area. Design of gas transmission pipeline is started with technical data collection and …

Go to article

A Comparison Of Pilot-Scale Photocatalysis And Enhanced Coagulation For Disinfection Byproduct Mitigation, Daniel Gerrity, Brooke K. Mayer, Hodon Ryu, John Crittenden, Morteza Abbaszadegan Apr 2009

A Comparison Of Pilot-Scale Photocatalysis And Enhanced Coagulation For Disinfection Byproduct Mitigation, Daniel Gerrity, Brooke K. Mayer, Hodon Ryu, John Crittenden, Morteza Abbaszadegan

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

This study evaluated pilot-scale photocatalysis and enhanced coagulation for their ability to remove or destroy disinfection byproduct (DBP) precursors, trihalomethane (THM) formation potential (FP), and THMs in two Arizona surface waters. Limited photocatalysis (/m3) achieved reductions in most of the DBP precursor parameters (e.g., DOC, UV254, and bromide) but led to increased chlorine demand and THMFP. In contrast, enhanced coagulation achieved reductions in the DBP precursors and THMFP. Extended photocatalysis (/m3) decreased THMFP once the energy consumption exceeded 20 kWh/m3. The photocatalytic energy requirements for THM destruction were considerably lower (EEO = …

Go to article

Simultaneous Nitrification And Denitrification Of Wastewater Using A Silicone Membrane Aerated Bioreactor, Kirk Hjelte Waltz Apr 2009

Simultaneous Nitrification And Denitrification Of Wastewater Using A Silicone Membrane Aerated Bioreactor, Kirk Hjelte Waltz

Master's Theses

The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the use of a single reactor to biologically treat wastewater by simultaneously oxidizing ammonia, and reducing nitrate and nitrite. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) places strict discharge restrictions on these compounds due to their inherent toxicity to humans, wildlife, and ecosystems. The use of a simultaneous system can assist the conventional wastewater treatment technology that requires separate systems, by creating a system that needs less time and smaller size to reach effluent requirements. To conduct this research, a bench-scale membrane aerated biofilm reactor was built using silicone tubing for aeration. Batch and …

Go to article

A Hurricane Evacuation Route System Real-Time Monitoring And Distribution Of Load, Anup Khanal Apr 2009

A Hurricane Evacuation Route System Real-Time Monitoring And Distribution Of Load, Anup Khanal

Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations

Hurricane evacuation is one of the major steps in diminishing the devastating effects of hurricanes on lives and properties. The challenge in evacuating a large number of people in a short time is the severe congestion faced in the transportation network, leading to long delays and shortages. Standard hurricane evacuation plans focus on how to best utilize the main arteries. The research challenge is to not overload the fastest routes and to utilize all the routes efficiently. The evacuation routing system proposed in this thesis focuses on distributing the traffic load throughout the network, utilizing alternative routes not considered in …

Go to article

Implementation Requirements For The Notice Architecture In Vehicular Communications, Dusadee Treeumnuk Apr 2009

Implementation Requirements For The Notice Architecture In Vehicular Communications, Dusadee Treeumnuk

Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations

Many studies have been focusing on Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networking (VANET) in order to increase the quality of traffic and life on the road. An important aspect in vehicular communications is maintaining the privacy and security of VANET. NOTICE is an emerging architecture promising efficient traffic notification as well as strong immunity to malicious attacks, leading to improvement of safety and reduction of traffic congestion on roadways. To enable secure traffic notification, the NOTICE system employs vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communication rather than vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication like in traditional VANET. The infrastructure consists of sensor belts which are embedded in the roadway and …

Go to article

Evaluation Of Full-Depth Reclamation On Strength And Durability Of Pavement Base Layers, Benjamin Earl Griggs Mar 2009

Evaluation Of Full-Depth Reclamation On Strength And Durability Of Pavement Base Layers, Benjamin Earl Griggs

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of full-depth reclamation (FDR) on the strength and durability of aggregate base layers in a coordinated approach involving both field and laboratory testing. Field comparisons between the pre-reclamation neat base and post-reclamation blended base were supplemented with laboratory experiments conducted to determine the effects of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) content, compaction effort, and heating on the strength and durability of roadways reconstructed using FDR with a portable asphalt recycling machine (PARM). Also, the effect of reclamation on the spatial uniformity of the pavement structures was explored by comparing variability in …

Go to article

Ground Source Heat Pumps Vs. Conventional Hvac: A Comparison Of Economic And Environmental Costs, Paul W. Fredin Mar 2009

Ground Source Heat Pumps Vs. Conventional Hvac: A Comparison Of Economic And Environmental Costs, Paul W. Fredin

Theses and Dissertations

The world is undergoing a dramatic transformation with regard to how it produces and consumes energy due to increasing demand from developing nations and diminishing new resource discoveries. In addition, there has been increased concern over the effect of carbon dioxide emissions on the environment. All of these issues have created a combined pressure to force the world to begin to redefine how energy is utilized. Geothermal or ground source heat pumps (GSHPs) may provide one potential solution to these problems. This research investigated vertical borehole closed-loop GSHP systems in direct comparison to natural gas furnaces combined with traditional air-conditioning …

Go to article

An Economic Analysis Of Military Family Housing: Should The Government Continue To Privatize?, Chad A. Woods Mar 2009

An Economic Analysis Of Military Family Housing: Should The Government Continue To Privatize?, Chad A. Woods

Theses and Dissertations

Providing military family housing has always been a difficult task for the United States government. To solve the latest housing short fall, the government signed the Military Housing Privatization Initiative (MHPI) into law in 1996. Under this program the government contracts private developers to build, own, and operate housing units. The developer then collects rent through housing allowance payments. At the time MHPI was signed into law, military members were expected to pay 15 percent of their housing costs out of pocket. Subsequent legislation has increased housing allowance to provide 100 percent of all housing costs eliminating out of pocket …

Go to article

2009 Directory Of Indiana State, County, City And Town Officials Responsible For Road And Street Work, Indiana Ltap Mar 2009

2009 Directory Of Indiana State, County, City And Town Officials Responsible For Road And Street Work, Indiana Ltap

Indiana Local Technical Assistance Program (LTAP) Directory

Contact information for agency officials and employees responsible for Indiana’s local road infrastructure.

Go to article

The Utilization Of Light Gauge Steel In Residential Construction On The State Of Utah, Matthew Zaugg Perkins Mar 2009

The Utilization Of Light Gauge Steel In Residential Construction On The State Of Utah, Matthew Zaugg Perkins

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis researched why light gauge steel framing members are not used more in single-family residential construction. A survey was designed to extract information from licensed contractors in Utah on uses of light gauge steel framing members in residential homes. The purpose of the research was to discover what Utah builder's perception was concerning light gauge steel framing. Also, the researcher tried to learn a little about the contractors to see if there was a correlation between contractors that used light gauge steel and those that did not. Names of licensed general building contractors and residential contractors and their contact …

Go to article

Using Oceanic-Atmospheric Oscillations For Long Lead Time Streamflow Forecasting, Ajay Kalra, Sajjad Ahmad Mar 2009

Using Oceanic-Atmospheric Oscillations For Long Lead Time Streamflow Forecasting, Ajay Kalra, Sajjad Ahmad

Civil and Environmental Engineering and Construction Faculty Research

We present a data-driven model, Support Vector Machine (SVM), for long lead time streamflow forecasting using oceanic-atmospheric oscillations. The SVM is based on statistical learning theory that uses a hypothesis space of linear functions based on Kernel approach and has been used to predict a quantity forward in time on the basis of training from past data. The strength of SVM lies in minimizing the empirical classification error and maximizing the geometric margin by solving inverse problem. The SVM model is applied to three gages, i.e., Cisco, Green River, and Lees Ferry in the Upper Colorado River Basin in the …

Go to article

Second-Order Structural Analysis With One Element Per Member, Jesse William Lyon Mar 2009

Second-Order Structural Analysis With One Element Per Member, Jesse William Lyon

Theses and Dissertations

In this thesis, formulas for the local tangent stiffness matrix of a plane frame member are derived by differentiating the member resistance vector in the displaced position. This approach facilitates an analysis using only one element per member. The formulas are checked by finite difference. The derivation leads to the familiar elastic and geometric stiffness matrices used by other authors plus an additional higher order geometric stiffness matrix. Contributions of each of the three sub-matrices to the tangent stiffness matrix are studied on both the member and structure levels through two numerical examples. These same examples are analyzed three different …

Go to article

Phosphorus Fractionation And Distribution Across Delta Of Deer Creek Reservoir, Warren C. Casbeer Mar 2009

Phosphorus Fractionation And Distribution Across Delta Of Deer Creek Reservoir, Warren C. Casbeer

Theses and Dissertations

Eutrophication of reservoir systems, which causes deterioration of water quality through increased algal growth, is detrimental to our sustainable water supply and additionally impairs other beneficial reservoir uses. Limiting the amount of phosphorus (P) entering the system has been the key management tool for this problem, as P is the main limiting nutrient for plant and algal growth. These efforts have focused on controlling input of P from point sources, such as effluents from wastewater treatment plants, dairies, and industrial factories. Even in systems (such as reservoirs) with significantly reduced external P loading, however, there has been continued eutrophication and …

Go to article

Behavior Of A Full-Scale Pile Cap With Loosely And Densely Compacted Clean Sand Backfill Under Cyclic And Dynamic Loadings, Colin Reuben Cummins Mar 2009

Behavior Of A Full-Scale Pile Cap With Loosely And Densely Compacted Clean Sand Backfill Under Cyclic And Dynamic Loadings, Colin Reuben Cummins

Theses and Dissertations

A series of lateral load tests were performed on a full-scale pile cap with three different backfill conditions, namely: with no backfill present, with densely compacted clean sand in place, and with loosely compacted clean sand in place. In addition to being displaced under a static loading, the pile cap was subjected to low frequency, small displacement loading cycles from load actuators and higher frequency, small displacement, dynamic loading cycles from an eccentric mass shaker. The passive earth pressure from the backfill was found to significantly increase the load capacity of the pile cap. At a displacement of about 46 …

Go to article

Correlating Responses Of Portable Field Instruments Used For Testing Aggregate And Soil Pavement Layers, Wendy Melissa Thompson Mar 2009

Correlating Responses Of Portable Field Instruments Used For Testing Aggregate And Soil Pavement Layers, Wendy Melissa Thompson

Theses and Dissertations

This research examined correlations among the responses of five portable aggregate and soil testing devices, including the nuclear density gauge (NDG), dynamic cone penetrometer (DCP), heavy Clegg impact soil tester (CIST), soil stiffness gauge (SSG), and portable falling-weight deflectometer (PFWD). Readings were analyzed from 41 project sites on treated and untreated base, subbase, and subgrade layers representing 15 different material types in Iowa, Louisiana, Utah, and Wyoming. Analyses of the data revealed statistically significant correlations for all six of the possible two-way comparisons involving the DCP, CIST, SSG, and PFWD, and a nomograph was developed for correlating responses among these …

Go to article

Lateral Buckling Analysis Of Angled Frames With Thin-Walled I-Beams, Jong-Dar Yau Mar 2009

Lateral Buckling Analysis Of Angled Frames With Thin-Walled I-Beams, Jong-Dar Yau

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

With the inclusion of warping deformations, lateral buckling behavior for angled frames with I-beams under the action of in-plan bending moments will be conducted in this paper. By adopting the joint equilibrium for the angled frame and the force-displacement relations for the members defined at the buckled position (rather than the initial position), the analytical solutions for buckling moments of an angled frame with simply supported ends are presented in closed form. The computed results indicate that for symmetric buckling, the buckling resistance to resist positive moments can be strengthened along with the increase of inclined angle of the member …

Go to article

A Cost Assessment Of The Dayton Public Schools Vehicle Routing Problem, Frankie L. Woods Jr. Mar 2009

A Cost Assessment Of The Dayton Public Schools Vehicle Routing Problem, Frankie L. Woods Jr.

Theses and Dissertations

The routing and scheduling problem involves both constructing efficient routes to deliver goods or services to and from customers from a single depot or set of depots, as well as scheduling particular vehicles to these routes such that customers receive their goods within a specified time window. There have been several different methods developed to reduce the costs incurred in transporting goods or services (i.e. students) to customers (i.e. schools). This problem may be used to model many circumstances in logistics and public transportation. Several school districts do not utilize operations research techniques to minimize, as much as possible, the …

Go to article

Uncertainty Propagation In Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering, Robb E.S. Moss Mar 2009

Uncertainty Propagation In Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering, Robb E.S. Moss

Civil and Environmental Engineering

This paper describes recent advances in evaluating, quantifying, and propagating various forms of uncertainty in geotechnical earthquake engineering problems. Important developments in the fields of liquefaction engineering, dynamic slope stability, engineering seismology, and lifeline engineering are discussed. The benefits gained through proper treatment of uncertainty include; a well defined measure of the most likely engineering results, a well defined estimate of extreme results, a probability of likelihood ascribed to different realizations, and a mathematical format that lends to performance-based engineering assessment. This paper is by no means comprehensive but highlights some recent studies that contribute to improved probabilistic methodology in …

Go to article

First Prev Next Last