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Articles 301 - 330 of 331
Full-Text Articles in Civil and Environmental Engineering
Performance Studies On Rigid Pavement Sections Built On Stabilized Sulfate Soils, Deepti Vasudev
Performance Studies On Rigid Pavement Sections Built On Stabilized Sulfate Soils, Deepti Vasudev
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Soils of Southeast Arlington are highly expansive and rich in sulfates. They undergo sulfate induced heaving when traditional calcium based stabilizers are used for soil stabilization (Puppala et al. 1998). Traditional stabilizers do not provide effective solution since they are known to induce heaving, termed in the literature as sulfate induced heaving (Hunter, 1988). Both swelling and softening of these soils rich in sulfates induce considerable damage to overlying pavement infrastructure. Typically, high sulfate soils treated with calcium based stabilizers form ettringite mineral. Ettringite undergoes heaving when hydrated (Hunter, 1988; Puppala et al. 2001). Since this sulfate-induced heave is caused …
Effects Of A Debonding Flaw Size And Location On The Flexural Performance Of Cfrp Retrofitted Steel Sections, Sharad C. Choudhary
Effects Of A Debonding Flaw Size And Location On The Flexural Performance Of Cfrp Retrofitted Steel Sections, Sharad C. Choudhary
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
In US there are several thousand steel bridges at present. Out of them many bridges are at various level of advance deteriorations due to many years of service life and environmental factors. These bridges cannot be fully replaced so retrofitting is the best choice .Earlier steel plates were used. With introduction of FRP in 1960.It is replacing the steel plates as they are lighter in weight and can be made stronger than steel. While installation of these FRP some kinds of Flaws are encountered. The variation of strength of carbon fiber reinforced laminate used for structural repair or strengthening containing …
Permeability Of Municipal Solid Waste In Bioreactor Landfill With Degradation, Kiran Kumar Penmethsa
Permeability Of Municipal Solid Waste In Bioreactor Landfill With Degradation, Kiran Kumar Penmethsa
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Bioreactor landfills are operated and controlled to accelerate refuse decomposition, gas production and biological stabilization of the municipal solid waste (MSW). Leachate recirculation in bioreactor landfill creates a favorable environment for rapid microbial decomposition of the biodegradable components of solid waste. Therefore, clear understanding of the mechanism of moisture movement within the solid waste would be necessary for successful design and operation of the bioreactor landfill. Permeability is an important parameter during the design of leachate collection and recirculation system. In the current study an experimental program was designed to determine the variation of coefficient of permeability of MSW with …
Stated Preference Modeling And Analysis Of Managed Lanes, Kaveh Farokhi Sadabadi
Stated Preference Modeling And Analysis Of Managed Lanes, Kaveh Farokhi Sadabadi
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
The thesis deals with the Managed Lanes demand estimation problem in the state of Texas. Managed Lanes are a general type of High Occupancy Toll roads, whose lane management and operational features may be dynamically adjusted. A stated preference survey is designed in both English and Spanish to collect the required data. Each survey taker is presented with up to four scenarios. Scenarios are defined in terms of travel times in Managed Lanes versus General Purpose Lanes, as well as, the toll charged for access to the Managed Lane. Respondents were asked to choose among three modes and two lane …
Experimental Investigation Of Shear Capacity Of Precast Reinforced Concrete Box Culverts, Jarrod Clinton Burns
Experimental Investigation Of Shear Capacity Of Precast Reinforced Concrete Box Culverts, Jarrod Clinton Burns
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
This study presents the experimental investigation of the shear capacity of four precast rinforced concrete box culverts. Each culvert was subjected to a monotomically increasing load through a 20-in x 10-in load plate, designed to simulate a standard HS 20-44 wheel footprint. Each box was instrumented with the following: strain gages, load cell, high-resolution laser sensor, data acquisition hardware and software, and laptop computer. The tests were conducted on 1.22 m x 1.22 m x 1.22 m (4 ft x 4 ft x 4 ft) box culverts, with load being applied at the free spigot end. The location of the …
Trends Of Vehicular Emissions Due To The Effect Of Ethos® Fr As Fuel Additive, Shruthi Satyanarayan
Trends Of Vehicular Emissions Due To The Effect Of Ethos® Fr As Fuel Additive, Shruthi Satyanarayan
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
The main objective of this research was to observe if the addition of the fuel additive Ethos Fuel Reformulator significantly reduced the emissions of CO, CO2, HC and NOX from a light duty vehicle. Data collection was carried out before and after the application of Ethos FR for both Peak and Off-peak traffic conditions, on highway as well as arterial test track. The OBS-1300 analyzed second by second concentrations of the tailpipe emissions. Data analysis was conducted and the following results were observed. 1. There was a significant reduction in NOx Emissions, with the maximum of 45% in the Arterial …
Expressions For Bond Stress Of A Tension Splice In Steel Reinforced Concrete, Jkumar Gopalarathnam
Expressions For Bond Stress Of A Tension Splice In Steel Reinforced Concrete, Jkumar Gopalarathnam
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
The aim of the research is to develop expressions for the bond stress at a tension splice in reinforced concrete. Many experiments have been conducted inorder to ascertain the relationship between appropriate variables and develop an expression to evaluate the bond stress. The scope of this research is to use existing experimental data to establish a relation and develop an expression. Before the preprocessing begins, the data are organized into different categories such as bottom, top and side bars, and bars with transverse reinforcement. The existing experimental data is evaluated for statistical validation. It is then subjected to individual and …
Characterization Of Cemented And Fiber-Reinforced Rap Aggregate Materials For Base/ Sub-Base Applications, Carlos A. Ordonez
Characterization Of Cemented And Fiber-Reinforced Rap Aggregate Materials For Base/ Sub-Base Applications, Carlos A. Ordonez
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
The engineering product known as RAP is a bonded base and sub-base material produced by the process of blending crushed recycled construction and demolition waste and debris to specified gradation requirements, and by bonding these with a fine silica Portland cement matrix at optimum moisture for compaction density. RAP has a great potential as an economically, environmentally, and structurally sound alternative to non-bonded materials conventionally used for base/sub-base applications in pavement engineering. The present work is aimed at thoroughly testing the engineering properties of RAP product in order to assess its suitability as a structurally sound and environmentally safe material, …
Impact Of A Pre-Combustion Retrofit Device On Vehicular Emissions: A Case Study, Sri Harsha Kanukolanu
Impact Of A Pre-Combustion Retrofit Device On Vehicular Emissions: A Case Study, Sri Harsha Kanukolanu
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Vehicular emissions are a major cause of air pollution in the cities worldwide. Increased numbers of vehicles and the vehicle miles traveled by them every year means that the emissions are going to have a detrimental effect on the life and environment of this planet. Various control strategies are employed by the transportation and air quality managers at the state and regional levels to improve the ambient air quality. This research was conducted as part of the North Central Texas Council of Governments' Aftermarket Technology and Fuel Additive Research Program, its effort to make the DFW region's air cleaner. The …
Effectiveness Of Signal Coordination As An Emission Reduction Measure For Vehicles, Rajashi I. Parikh
Effectiveness Of Signal Coordination As An Emission Reduction Measure For Vehicles, Rajashi I. Parikh
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Air Pollution is a significant health and environmental concern. Vehicular emissions are major contributors to many air pollution problems. There is growing interest in reducing carbon dioxide emission because of the alarming increase in the pollution caused by petroleum resulting global warming issue. Various studies have found that U.S vehicles emit half of the CO2 emitted from vehicle all over the world. Dallas Fort Worth is a non-attainment area for ozone and it is required to achieve NAAQS standards by 2010. NOx and VOCs from the automobile are a major precursor of ozone formation in the atmosphere. Traffic signal retiming …
Assessment Of Soil-Water Retention Properties Of Lime And Cement Treated Clays, Harshavardhan Reddy Thudi
Assessment Of Soil-Water Retention Properties Of Lime And Cement Treated Clays, Harshavardhan Reddy Thudi
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
The soil-water characteristic curve (SWCC) of unsaturated soils has considerable importance in the analysis of geotechnical engineering problems involving soils that remain under partially saturated conditions throughout any given year. The SWCC reflects the behavior of unsaturated soils with regard to its hydraulic conductivity, shear strength, and volume change behavior. Numerous investigations have been undertaken in recent decades to extend the unsaturated soil mechanics principles into conventional engineering practice. The soil-water characteristic curve (SWCC) has become a widely used experimental means for assessing fundamental properties of unsaturated soils for a wide range of suction values. However, a limited number of …
General Response Of Kneading-Compacted Unsaturated Silty Sand Under Drained And Undrained True Triaxial Testing, Sangchul Pyo
General Response Of Kneading-Compacted Unsaturated Silty Sand Under Drained And Undrained True Triaxial Testing, Sangchul Pyo
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
A comprehensive series of 36 drained and 36 undrained true triaxial tests was accomplished to investigate the stress-strain-strength behaviour of kneading-compacted unsaturated silty sand (SP-SM) under multi-axial stress states. Test specimens were prepared at three different initial moist contents (6, 8, 10%) to achieve different compaction-induced suction conditions prior to testing. All samples were then subjected to either a drained or undrained multi-axial stress paths, including conventional triaxial compression (CTC), triaxial compression (TC), triaxial extension (TE), or simple shear (SS) stress path. Initial compaction-induced matric suction was assessed via the SWCC of test soil. The experimental program focuses on soil …
Photocatalytic Degradation Of Vocs, Toxics And Odors From Air Emissions Of Wastewater Treatment Plants And Municipal Solid Waste Landfills, Mita Suresh Upadhyay
Photocatalytic Degradation Of Vocs, Toxics And Odors From Air Emissions Of Wastewater Treatment Plants And Municipal Solid Waste Landfills, Mita Suresh Upadhyay
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
The 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments (CAAA) require more stringent controls of sources of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and hazardous air pollutants (HAPs). Air quality managers at the state level are responsible for developing State Implementation Plans (SIPs) to improve regional air quality. Both wastewater treatment and landfills facilities are sources of VOCs, HAPs and odors. This research examines the effectiveness of photocatalytic oxidation (PCO) in treating emissions from wastewater and landfill facilities. PCO rate constants of compounds such as methane, o-xylene, m-xylene, p-xylene and carbonyl sulfide are determined over titanium dioxide (TiO2) catalyst in a continuous mixed-batch reactor. The …
Evaluation Of Resilient Modulus Of Cement And Cement-Fiber Treated Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (Rap) Aggregates, Ajay Potturi
Evaluation Of Resilient Modulus Of Cement And Cement-Fiber Treated Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (Rap) Aggregates, Ajay Potturi
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Natural aggregates derived from a variety of source rocks have been used as a road base material. But the extraction of natural aggregates resources is increasingly being constrained by urbanization, increased costs and environmental concerns. Thus, increased amounts of reclaimed materials are being used to supplement natural aggregates in road construction. The 1993 EPA report mentioned that approximately 73 million tons of asphalt pavement material was recycled annually, which amounts to about 80% of the asphalt removed from pavements each year. The use of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) materials in road construction reduces both the amount of construction debris disposed …
Investigation Of Bamboo As Reinforcement In Concrete, Youngsi Jung
Investigation Of Bamboo As Reinforcement In Concrete, Youngsi Jung
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
This study investigated the feasibility of using bamboo as a reinforcement alternative to steel in concrete structural members. The specifications studied were the bamboo's tensile strength and its pullout characteristics in concrete. Two types of bamboo, Solid and Moso, were used for tensile testing. The tensile test specimens were prepared with different lengths, 6 in (152 mm) and 12 in (304 mm), and different physical characteristics (with and without nodes). Tensile test specimens were tested to failure and their load deformation characteristics are reported. The failures of the test specimens were identified as: (1) node failure; (2) splitting failure; and …
Nonlinear Finite Element-Based Investigation Of The Effect Of Bedding Thickness On Underground Pipe, Anupong Kararam
Nonlinear Finite Element-Based Investigation Of The Effect Of Bedding Thickness On Underground Pipe, Anupong Kararam
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
The pipe-soil interaction is studied by using the finite element software, ABAQUS/CAE Version 6.5-1 as a symmetric model of embankment installation to study the effect of bedding property and thickness on pipe-soil interaction with increase in the height of fill. A three-dimensional finite element model (FEM) of the concrete pipe and surrounding soil is developed. The FEM is capable of simulating material, geometric, and contact nonlinearities which employs a nonlinear incremental solution algorithm. Several different element types and mesh size were tested to obtain the optimum converged mesh. These elements were eight-noded linear brick (C3D8R) and six-noded linear triangular prism …
Regional Prioritization Of Corridors For Traffic Signal Retiming, Sasanka Bhushan Pulipati
Regional Prioritization Of Corridors For Traffic Signal Retiming, Sasanka Bhushan Pulipati
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Every three to four years, the North Central Texas Council of Governments (NCTCOG) funds signal retiming projects to improve air quality in the Dallas-Fort Worth region. As sufficient funds are not available to retime all signals in the region at the same time, the retiming must be completed in phases. To optimize the impact of the retiming projects, the candidate corridors must be rank ordered or prioritized. NCTCOG applies a ranking model, which uses variables like delay, number of stops and system type, a dummy variable based on centralized control. The weighting for each factor is based on expert input …
Statistical Analysis Of Compressive Strength Of Clay Brick Masonry Prisms, Saman Afqahi Aryana
Statistical Analysis Of Compressive Strength Of Clay Brick Masonry Prisms, Saman Afqahi Aryana
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
The Specification for Masonry Structures section of the current governing masonry design document in the U.S., reported by the Masonry Standards Joint Committee (MSJC), contains tables that can be used to determine the compressive strength of masonry, f'm, as a function of the mortar type and the compressive strength of the unit employed to construct the masonry. The majority of the data gathered to create the current values in the MSJC Specification were generated in studies done prior to 1970. There have been significant changes in materials and procedures since this time frame, and there is a need to gather …
Determination Of Safe Buffer Width Of Roadway To Protect Human Health Form Harmful Nox Exposure, Hetal H. Bhatt
Determination Of Safe Buffer Width Of Roadway To Protect Human Health Form Harmful Nox Exposure, Hetal H. Bhatt
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
According to the 2004 EPA Trends Report, US on-road transportation sources emit 36% of nitrogen oxides (NOx), 63% of carbon monoxide (CO), and 29% of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). This research determines a safe roadway buffer width to protect human health from air pollutant (NOx) exposure. The method was used to determine a buffer width for NOx along Great Southwest Parkway in Grand Prairie, Texas. NOx health effects include eye, nose, throat, and lung irritation; cough; shortness of breath; tiredness and nausea. In the Dallas Fort Worth region, where Grand Prairie is located, on-road vehicles contribute over 50 % of …
Comparison Of Clinoptilolite With Gravel In A Recirculating Course Media Biofilter Treating Simulated Septic Tank Effluent, Adnan Sadikot
Comparison Of Clinoptilolite With Gravel In A Recirculating Course Media Biofilter Treating Simulated Septic Tank Effluent, Adnan Sadikot
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
The main objective of the pilot scale study was to compare the performance of recirulating clinoptilolite biofilter with course gravel biofilter used to treat simulated septic tank effluent by simultaneous nitrification and denitrification. For better comparison of performance of total inorganic nitrogen removal and COD removal both the biofilter were chosen of identical size and identical operating conditions were maintained in the laboratory setup. Both the biofilters were operated at recycle ratio of 6 and surface hydraulic loading rate of 7.5 gal/ft2/day without recycle and 52.5 gal/ft2/day with recycle through out the duration of the duration of the research. Results …
Effects Of Water-Cement Ratio On Deep Mixing Treated Expansive Clay Characteristics, Siva Prasad Pathivada
Effects Of Water-Cement Ratio On Deep Mixing Treated Expansive Clay Characteristics, Siva Prasad Pathivada
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
The structures built on the unstabilized expansive soils are subjected to distress due to swell shrink behavior due to seasonal fluctuations. Medium stiff expansive clays with moderate and high PI were collected from two sites located at IH 820 N bound in Fort Worth, Texas. Deep soil mixing technique was proposed as a potential solution to counter the shrink swell movements of the expansive soil. These soils were stabilized using lime and cement as a whole and in combinations at different proportions in laboratory conditions simulating field deep soil mixing. Similar studies performed on soft soils revealed several factors mainly …
Numerical Modeling And Analysis Of Pile Supported Embankments, Krishna Nag Rao
Numerical Modeling And Analysis Of Pile Supported Embankments, Krishna Nag Rao
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Very soft clays are often avoided in construction due to their low shear strength and high compressibility. Special construction methods are adopted when embankments are constructed on very soft clay or peat. Design of structures on soft ground, where the structure impose large loads onto the ground raises several concerns on factors like bearing capacity failure, differential settlements, lateral pressures and structural instability. Shallow and deep stabilization of soft ground are most frequently used special construction techniques adopted in geotechnical engineering. Chemical (lime and cement) stabilization has been extensively used in both shallow and deep stabilization in order to improve …
Removal Of Carbonyl Sulfide Using Compost Biofilter: Measurement Of Removal Rates And Elimination Capacity In Conjunction With Hydrogen Sulfide, Divya R. Garrepalli
Removal Of Carbonyl Sulfide Using Compost Biofilter: Measurement Of Removal Rates And Elimination Capacity In Conjunction With Hydrogen Sulfide, Divya R. Garrepalli
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
A lab study using biofiltration was conducted using three PVC columns as biofilters, with hardwood chips and compost as the media. Previous research determined the removal efficiency of carbonyl sulfide alone. (Nawal, 2004) Typically, however H2S is present with COS in the air streams from wastewater treatment plant units. In the current study, different combinations of hydrogen sulfide and carbonyl sulfide gases were tested using H2S/COS ratios typical of the concentrations from wastewater treatment plants. Various runs were conducted using compost and hardwood chips individually and also with an 80:20 ratio by volume of wood chips to compost. The specific …
Comparison Of Adsorption Capacities Of Nanoadsorbents With Conventional Activated Carbon For Volatile Organic Compounds, Namrata Baburao Deshmukh
Comparison Of Adsorption Capacities Of Nanoadsorbents With Conventional Activated Carbon For Volatile Organic Compounds, Namrata Baburao Deshmukh
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
This research explores the potential for using single wall carbon nanohorns (SWNHs) for adsorption of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) categorized as hazardous air pollutants and which contribute to ground level ozone smog formation. It also compares the adsorption capacity of conventional activated carbon and carbon nanohorns. Carbon nanoadsorbents, with at least one dimension on the nanometer scale, can possess advantages over traditional activated carbon adsorbents in terms of binding energies or interaction potentials for physisorption. Nanotubes and nanohorns both have excellent adsorption properties due to high-energy adsorption sites in their interior (internal pores) and in the region between adjacent nanotubes/nanohorns …
Field And Experimental Studies To Assess The Performance Of Stabilized Expansive Clay, Gautham S. Pillappa
Field And Experimental Studies To Assess The Performance Of Stabilized Expansive Clay, Gautham S. Pillappa
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
A vast majority of the expansive soils are montmorillonite-rich clays, over consolidated clays and shales. The swell and shrinkage movements of expansive soil cause considerable damage to structures such as buildings and pavements. This damage can be attributed to moisture fluctuations caused by seasonal variations. Volumetric changes typically appear in the form of cracks which will lead to the softening and vertical heaving in subsoils. Both softening and vertical expansion induce damage to overlying structures. Certain soils rich with sulfates exhibit swell and heaving even after treatment with stabilizers. The present research project was conducted at the University of Texas …
Evaluation Of Texas Cone Penetrometer Test To Predict Undrained Shear Strength Of Clays, Hariharan Vasudevan
Evaluation Of Texas Cone Penetrometer Test To Predict Undrained Shear Strength Of Clays, Hariharan Vasudevan
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
The cone penetration test used in Texas is termed as Texas cone penetrometer (TCP), which works on dynamic principles similar to those of SPT, i.e. a hammer is used to drive the cone device for a preset depth of penetration of 12 inches. Results are typically reported in the form of N12 values. Correlations between N12 and soil strength properties are currently used by the TxDOT to determine in situ strength properties of soils prior to any infrastructure design. A research study was initiated to evaluate the existing shear strength predicting correlations used by TxDOT and its applicability for soils …
Water Damage Evaluation Of Concrete Infrastructure, Roshan Shakya
Water Damage Evaluation Of Concrete Infrastructure, Roshan Shakya
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
This study presents an experimental program to evaluate the effect of a special waterproofing material, International Chem-Crete Pavix (CCP), on the durability of concrete. The experimental program identified the concrete mix design commonly used for pavement and other infrastructure as set by Texas Department of Transportation (TXDOT). The tests conducted include the water absorption and air void (ASTM C 642), freeze-thaw (ASTM C 666), chloride penetration (ASTM C 1202), and petrographic (ASTM C 457) test. The tests were performed on both cored and laboratory treated and untreated specimens. The absorption test was performed on the concrete specimens with water cement …
Impacts Of Signal Synchronization On Vehicular Emissions - An On-Board Measurement Case Study, Rupangi Munshi
Impacts Of Signal Synchronization On Vehicular Emissions - An On-Board Measurement Case Study, Rupangi Munshi
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Nearly 56% of total nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions are produced by mobile sources. Transportation and air quality managers at the state and regional level have the responsibility of developing and evaluating Transportation Control Measures (TCMs) and Transportation Improvement Plans (TIPs) to improve air quality of the region. Signal synchronization is considered to be an effective TCM to reduce corridor congestion and maintain air quality in the region. This research was carried to determine the impacts of signal synchronization on real-world, on-road emissions. A portable instrument, OBS-1300 manufactured by Horiba Instruments Inc., was used to measure on-road tailpipe emissions of NOx …
Performance Evaluation Of Bamboo Reinforced Concrete Beams, Leena Khare
Performance Evaluation Of Bamboo Reinforced Concrete Beams, Leena Khare
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
This study presents the evaluation of the feasibility of the use of bamboo as a potential reinforcement in concrete structural members. To achieve this objective a series of tensile tests on three types of bamboo Solid; Moso; and Tonkin; were conducted to obtain their constitutive relation. Also, four-point bending tests on concrete beams reinforced with bamboo were performed to identify their behavior compared to steel reinforced concrete members. Tensile tests specimens were prepared by cutting the bamboo typically in 1/2 in (13 mm) wide strips of 9 to 12 in (228 mm to 305 mm) in length. In order to …
Performance And Check-Out Verification Testing Of A New True Triaxial Apparatus Using Partially Saturated Silty Sand, Jae Hyun Park
Performance And Check-Out Verification Testing Of A New True Triaxial Apparatus Using Partially Saturated Silty Sand, Jae Hyun Park
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
A stress-controlled, flexible boundary, true triaxial (cubical) testing apparatus has been developed to test 3-inch cubical specimen of partially saturated soil under different moisture contents and for a wide range of multiaxial stress paths. A series of HC, CTC, TC, TE, and SS tests were conducted in order to perform a thorough performance and check-out verification testing of the newly developed device by investigating the multiaxial stress-strain response of partially saturated silty sand specimens artificially prepared in the laboratory. The development of the apparatus, specimen preparation process, test procedure, and the corresponding validation of its suitability for testing partially saturated …