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Articles 271 - 300 of 331
Full-Text Articles in Civil and Environmental Engineering
Theoretical Feasibility Study For A Conceptual Approach To Trenchless Replacement Of Culverts, Diego R. Calderon
Theoretical Feasibility Study For A Conceptual Approach To Trenchless Replacement Of Culverts, Diego R. Calderon
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Culvert damage and collapses and their renewal alternatives are a raising concern in today's infrastructure topics. In most cases damages are irreversible; however, in many cases opportunities exist to correct and renew. While conventional open-cut construction brings inconvenience to the public, trenchless technology brings a greener, reliable and more socially acceptable alternative to renew culverts. Considering the strong dependency on highway transportation by the American lifestyle, collapses of culverts in major roads may produce chaotic traffic redirections. To reduce this risk, this research sets a path for a construction and feasibility study on a new culvert replacement method based on …
Use Of Electrical Resistivity And Multichannel Analysis Of Surface Wave Geophysical Tomography In Geotechnical Site Characterization Of Dam, Joshua Lee Hubbard
Use Of Electrical Resistivity And Multichannel Analysis Of Surface Wave Geophysical Tomography In Geotechnical Site Characterization Of Dam, Joshua Lee Hubbard
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Performance of geotechnical site characterization is a primary function of geotechnical engineers. Generalizations required to extrapolate conventional geotechnical boring data can limit the effectiveness of site assessments. Advancements in geophysical technology have simplified means of data acquisition and interpretation of electrical and seismic testing, allowing a broader audience of practitioners to utilize methods for various engineering and environmental applications. In this study, electrical resistivity and multichannel analysis of surface waves (MASW) seismic geophysical methods are used to expound upon previous geotechnical sampling and in situ testing conducted at an earthen dam site in East Texas. Findings from this study show: …
Durability Studies On Stabilization Effectiveness Of Soils Containing Different Fractions Of Montmorillonite, Aravind Pedarla
Durability Studies On Stabilization Effectiveness Of Soils Containing Different Fractions Of Montmorillonite, Aravind Pedarla
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Stabilization of clays with additives like lime and cement has been practiced for several years and worked well in improving the subgrades. Though this practice is used widely, there were cases where the treated subgrades exhibited premature failures. Many departments of transportation (DOT) agencies in the United States have had subgrade failures even after stabilization with chemical additives due to loss of stabilizer over a time period, or a stabilizer being ineffective in some soils. The design based on PI and gradation of soil followed by many DOTs is quite misleading due to the lack of inclusion of basic soil …
Failure Analysis Of A Mechanically Stabilized Earth (Mse) Wall Using Finite Element Program Plaxis, Tahsina Mahmood
Failure Analysis Of A Mechanically Stabilized Earth (Mse) Wall Using Finite Element Program Plaxis, Tahsina Mahmood
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Mechanically Stabilized Earth (MSE) retaining walls have been increasingly used in many federal, state and private projects over the last 20 years. MSE walls are reliable, constructible, and cost effective. However, failure of MSE wall has become a problem for all agencies using them. This study presents the failure analysis of a segmental block, MSE retaining wall located in Rockville, Maryland. The top of MSE wall moved about 12 inches to 18 inches. An extensive geotechnical investigation program was undertaken to investigate the MSE wall failure. This study presents the results of investigations to determine the causes of failure. The …
Development And Benefits Of A Leed Project Management Database, Teri Schmig
Development And Benefits Of A Leed Project Management Database, Teri Schmig
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
The U.S. Green Building Council is a non-profit community of industry leaders working to make green buildings available to everyone. The documentation process for achieving Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED® ) certification is highly complex and more time-consuming than necessary with currently employed systems. This thesis explains the need for development of a relational database as a means to increase the efficiency of the documentation process to meet LEED® requirements. This database will provide the construction project team a relational platform that guides the user through the LEED® administration and certification process. By developing a LEED® specific project …
Development Of Brownfield Database Using Gis, Jubair Hossain
Development Of Brownfield Database Using Gis, Jubair Hossain
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Brownfields are abandoned, idled or underutilized industrial or commercial sites where expansion or redevelopment is complicated by actual or perceived environmental contamination. Brownfields may be as small as a vacant city lot or as large as an abandoned manufacturing facility occupying several hundred acres. The extent of contamination encountered at brownfield sites may range from minor surface debris to extensive, dangerous soil and ground-water contamination. Concerning the communities in which brownfields are located, redevelopment may improve community appearance and image, relieve associated health and environmental concerns and produce a beneficial economic effect through increased property values and employment opportunities.The overall …
Nonlinear Dynamic Analysis Of Hybrid Frames, Dobrinka Radulova
Nonlinear Dynamic Analysis Of Hybrid Frames, Dobrinka Radulova
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
This study proposes a hybrid frame system consisting of rigid and semi-rigid connections subjected to a dynamic loading. Two building geometries are chosen to represent low-rise and high-rise buildings. Multiple locations for placement of semi-rigid connections are proposed, and the hybrid systems with the most efficient energy dissipation are identified. During this analysis, five earthquake records are used to provide a spectrum of frequencies. Five practical semi-rigid connection types and one connection with analytical parameters are also modeled into the selected hybrid combinations by applying zero-length springs at the ends of beams, in which their nonlinear constitutive relation is defined …
Applications Of Gis For Mapping And Tracking Underground Infrastructure, Anurag Babu Bhogenahally Lakshminarayanappa
Applications Of Gis For Mapping And Tracking Underground Infrastructure, Anurag Babu Bhogenahally Lakshminarayanappa
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
The main objective of this research is to apply Geographic Information Systems (GIS) for construction and renewal of underground infrastructures. As a first step, a suitability analysis to determine location of existing underground infrastructure is performed. Next, a GIS template is developed using a digital elevation model (DEM) to get a three dimensional visualization of the underground infrastructure. Creating a Google Map using ArcGIS is one of the key features of this research, which provides an exact location of the existing site and distances from the nearby reference points. Once the GIS data is exported to Google Map and Google …
Long Term Durability Studies On Chemically Treated Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (Rap) Materials, Vijay Krishna Ganne
Long Term Durability Studies On Chemically Treated Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (Rap) Materials, Vijay Krishna Ganne
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) is a well known construction material which has been used in Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) to reduce material costs and stabilizing the pavements for several years. It has been reported that out of 45 million tons of RAP produced every year in US, only 33% is being used in HMA. It is clear that a large amount of RAP produced is disposed off as a waste material in landfills. Hence, in order to utilize the maximum percentage of RAP and reduce the disposal rate, stabilized RAP can be effectively used as a base layer instead of …
Comparative Damage Of Different Truck Configurations On Jointed Plain Concrete Pavement, Tito P. Nyamuhokya
Comparative Damage Of Different Truck Configurations On Jointed Plain Concrete Pavement, Tito P. Nyamuhokya
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
This study estimated the damage done by trucks with 35 different configurations on a typical structure of a Jointed Plain Concrete Pavement. The configurations were proposed by New York Department of Transportation, the sponsor of this study. The generalized three dimensional finite element program Abaqus was used to calculate the response of linear elastic rigid pavement structure under truck loading. The loads for each truck case were placed at critical locations on the surface of the pavement to obtain the maximum tensile stresses at the bottom of concrete slab. The computed tensile stresses were used in Darter fatigue model (1977) …
Development Of A Freeway Incident Rating System, Jose Javier Lopez
Development Of A Freeway Incident Rating System, Jose Javier Lopez
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
A freeway incident rating system is proposed to classify incidents in terms of their disruptive potential to cause delays, fuel wastage, secondary accidents, and other adverse operational impacts. A two-dimensional rating scale is used which classifies incidents in terms of their severity and the number of agencies required to respond and clear incidents. Variables used in characterizing the severity include number of vehicles involved, number of lanes and shoulders blocked, time of incident occurrence, duration of incident until full clearance, and weather conditions at the time of the incident. The objective behind the development of such a rating system is …
Building Pressure Tests Of Fiber-Reinforced Foam-Based Lightweight Concrete Precast Wall Panels, Francheska Enid Seijo
Building Pressure Tests Of Fiber-Reinforced Foam-Based Lightweight Concrete Precast Wall Panels, Francheska Enid Seijo
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Instrumentation and procedures for building pressure tests were designed as a means of providing new wind pressure test methods for full-scale building models. Fiber-reinforced foam-based lightweight concrete precast wall panels were studied in this investigation. Three (3) full-scale prototype buildings were tested for this purpose. To determine the material properties and design parameters for this targeted 90 pcf (1,446 kg/m3) cellular lightweight concrete and to gain overall knowledge of its behavior, some tests such as compressive strength test, pull-out strength test, and flexural strength test were performed. The wind pressure tests performed provided results for strength, maximum wind pressure the …
Subsurface Investigations Using High Resolution Resistivity, Dharmateja Maganti
Subsurface Investigations Using High Resolution Resistivity, Dharmateja Maganti
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Electrical resistivity imaging has been proved to be well suited to produce images of subsurface conditionsbecause of the ability of the technique for detecting resistive features and discriminating subtle resistivity variations in the soil media. Electrical resistivity imaging survey was performed at E. Center Development in Duncanville, Texas. The survey was conducted using SuperSting R8/IP Multi-channel Resistivity Imaging System to image the subsurface structure. Both 2-D and 3-D electrical resistivity imaging tests were conducted using dipole-dipole array at 2 feet, 5 feet and 20 feet electrode spacing. Earth Imager 2D and Earth Imager 3D software's were then used to invert …
Effects Of Calcium-Based Treatment On Organic Soil Behavior, Srujan Rao Chikyala
Effects Of Calcium-Based Treatment On Organic Soil Behavior, Srujan Rao Chikyala
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Organic soils are found in many places around the world. Organic soils undergo large secondary settlements depending on the amount of organic matter present in the soil Organic soil is a mixture of finely divided particles of organic matter, in some instances visible fragments of partly decayed vegetable matter and shells are also present in the organic matter. In order to reduce the secondary settlements caused by organic matter, soil is treated with different stabilizing agents. The difficulties associated with organic soils arise when they are treated with cement or lime stabilizers, as organic matter inhibits cementitious reactions responsible for …
Impact Of Lateral Swell Pressure On Retaining Structure Design Using Expansive Cohesive Backfill, Mark G. Thomas
Impact Of Lateral Swell Pressure On Retaining Structure Design Using Expansive Cohesive Backfill, Mark G. Thomas
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Since cohesive soils are difficult to drain once becoming saturated, in order to reduce lateral earth pressures exerted by saturated cohesive soils on retaining structures, retaining wall designs most always specify use of drainable granular backfill. However, costs for the importation of granular backfill materials continues to increase due to depletion of these materials in certain areas, and to the ever-increasing costs for material transportation, largely related to increased labor and fuel prices. These factors, together with the costs of removing replaced cohesive materials, and coupled with resource and environmental conservation concerns, are driving efforts to develop reasonable and prudent …
Dynamic Properties Of Compacted Soils Using Resonant Column With Self-Contained Bender Elements, Roshnara Mohammad
Dynamic Properties Of Compacted Soils Using Resonant Column With Self-Contained Bender Elements, Roshnara Mohammad
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
A comprehensive series of resonant column and bender elements tests were simultaneously performed in the developed RC/BE apparatus. RC/BE tests were conducted on compacted specimens of poorly graded sand (SP) and high plasticity clay (CH) prepared at different moisture contents (17.7, 22.1, 25.5, 30.2% by weight for clay, and 5, 10, 15, 20% by weight for sand) and under different confining pressures (0, 2.5, 5.0, and 10.0 psi, or 0, 17.2, 34.4, 69.0 kPa) in order to assess the influence of key environmental factors, such as compaction induced suction and confining pressure, on small-strain stiffness properties of unsaturated soils, such …
Construction Cost Of Underground Infrastructure, Seyed Behnam Hashemi
Construction Cost Of Underground Infrastructure, Seyed Behnam Hashemi
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Renewal of aging underground infrastructure is a major challenge that municipalities inNorth America face every day. Traditional replacement or renewal of these underground utilitiesuses open-cut excavation methods that can be disruptive to everyday life of citizens andexpensive, particularly in built-up areas and in projects with difficult ground and site conditions. Incontrast, trenchless technologies use innovative methods, materials, and equipment that requireminimum surface excavation to renew and construct aging underground infrastructure. Thesenew methods are considered to be more safe, cost-effective, efficient and productive thanconventional open-cut projects. However, to select trenchless technologies in utility design,consulting engineers and utility owners need to compare …
Adsorption Curve Fits For Landfill Vocs On Bituminous Coal Based And Coconut Shell Based Activated Carbon, Annaprabha Athappan
Adsorption Curve Fits For Landfill Vocs On Bituminous Coal Based And Coconut Shell Based Activated Carbon, Annaprabha Athappan
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
This study explores adsorption as a method of controlling hazardous gas emissions from Municipal Solid Waste Landfills (MSWL). In particular, the hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) para, meta, and ortho-xylene, ethylbenzene and methyl ethyl ketone are selected for experimental study. Activated carbon is a good adsorbent and well known for its high surface area. Among the many varieties of activated carbon, bituminous coal based activated carbon (BPL) and coconut shell based activated carbon (OVC) are compared in this study. Each experiment was conducted in a vial with a known amount of carbon in it. The pollutant concentration remaining in the vial …
Measured And Theoretical Response Of Perpetual Pavement Structures, Miguel M. Portillo
Measured And Theoretical Response Of Perpetual Pavement Structures, Miguel M. Portillo
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
The Kansas Perpetual Pavement experiment includes the construction of four pavement sections on the US-75 highway designed according to the perpetual pavement concept. The sections were instrumented with strain gauges and pressures cells to measure strains and stress at the bottom of the base layer and at the top of the subbase layer. Pavement response measurements were carried out in seven occasions between July 2005 and October 2007 with a loaded truck. Measured values obtained show that longitudinal and transverse values were almost always below the average endurance limit of 70 microstrains. The measurements also showed that temperature and vehicle …
Capacity Of Two-Sided Type C On Freeway With Four Lanes, Shadi Ghasemi-Majd
Capacity Of Two-Sided Type C On Freeway With Four Lanes, Shadi Ghasemi-Majd
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Weaving segments are categorized based on weaving length, configuration, number of lanes, free flow speed and weaving ratio. All these parameters affect weaving capacity. One of the objectives of this research was to extend Phong Thanh Vo's dissertation and study the relation between weaving capacity of two-sided type C on freeways with four lanes and any potential variables (mainalane demand, entrance ramp demand, exit ramp demand and weaving ratio). Micro-simulation has been used in order to analyze different capacity scenarios and the VISSIM calibrated model by Vo was used. Also, the effect of each of the VISSIM calibration parameters on …
The Effect Of Displacement Control Loading Histories On Genral Connecting Surfaces Using Finite Element Analysis, Sanjog Chandrakant Sabnis
The Effect Of Displacement Control Loading Histories On Genral Connecting Surfaces Using Finite Element Analysis, Sanjog Chandrakant Sabnis
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Displacement loading history provided by the AISC Seismic Provision 2002 is commonly used for experimental testing and analytical modeling of beam-to-column steel connection to stimulate the seismic effect. However, the basis for the above loading history is not documented in the literature. Thus, this study developed 25 cyclic load cases by varying the frequency and magnitude of the AISC-2002 loading within a predefined envelops. The 25 load cases are obtained from five different load sets in which the concept of uniform and non-uniform frequencies and amplitude are utilized. All the load cases are limited to the displacement equivalent to the …
Clay Mineral Quantification Using Gravemetric Analysis, Sarwenaj Ashraf
Clay Mineral Quantification Using Gravemetric Analysis, Sarwenaj Ashraf
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
The current procedure used by the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) to determine the type of stabilizer is based mainly on the Plasticity Index (PI) and the gradation of the soil. This method of stabilization does not always work because two soils with the same PIs can have very different shrink/swell potential, plastic limits or liquid limits, hence their behavior may be very different. This is mainly due to the fact that two soils that have the same PI can have very different clay mineral composition. Montmorillonite and kaolinite are the clay minerals that cause swelling/shrinking in soils.Chittoori (2008) had …
Trends Of Vehicular Emissions For Clean Air Associates Precombustion Retrofit Device, Jaya Vani Nagireddi
Trends Of Vehicular Emissions For Clean Air Associates Precombustion Retrofit Device, Jaya Vani Nagireddi
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
The research study objective was to find if there was any reduction in onboard exhaust emissions from a light duty passenger car (2007 Dodge Charger) with a Clean Air Catalytic Converter manufactured by Clean Air Associates, Inc. The research was conducted by the Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, University of Texas at Arlington as part of the North Central Texas Council of Governments Aftermarket Technology and Fuel Additive Research Program. Initially, emissions of pollutants were measured without the Clean Air Associates' retrofit device, called Baseline testing. A Horiba OBS-1300 On-Board System measured concentrations of the pollutants NOx, CO, CO2 and …
Ductile Lightweight Concrete For Lightweight Structural Application, Ake Piyamaikongdech
Ductile Lightweight Concrete For Lightweight Structural Application, Ake Piyamaikongdech
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
This study developed a ductile concrete for precast wall systems which are capable of resisting high wind in excess of 500 mph. The developed concrete mix design consists of sand, cement, glass fiber, and a foaming agent to produce lightweight concrete in the range of 87 pcf (1392 kg/m3) to 90 pcf (1440 kg/m3). A comprehensive testing program for evaluation of the developed concrete material was undertaken. The mix designs were prepared both in the laboratory and in the mix truck with drum capacity of 27 ft3 (0.77 m3), and 177.6 ft3 (5 m3), respectively. The large concrete batches using …
The Effect Of Temperature On Fiber Composite Bridge Decks, Mahesh Gajula Nagabhushanam
The Effect Of Temperature On Fiber Composite Bridge Decks, Mahesh Gajula Nagabhushanam
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
The use of Fiber composite honeycomb structure's as bridge decks gained importance, because of its low light weight and ease of installation. In this study, The Fiber composite bridge decks were subjected to thermal gradients. The Fiber composite bridge decks were fabricated in sizes of 2 feet x 8 feet x .5 feet and 4 feet x 8 feet x .5 feet specimens by Kansas structural composites Inc. The program consisted of 3 specimens of size 2 feet x 8 feet x .5 feet with ribs oriented along longitudinal direction, 3 specimens of size 2 feet x 8 feet x …
Regression Model For Prioritization Of Corridors When Retiming Traffic Signals, Manjari G. Mittal
Regression Model For Prioritization Of Corridors When Retiming Traffic Signals, Manjari G. Mittal
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Traffic signals are used by transportation engineers to safely and efficiently manage vehicle, bicycle and pedestrian traffic on roadways. However, to maintain the effectiveness of traffic signals, traffic signals should be adjusted or retimed periodically to match the current traffic patterns. Traffic signal retiming is one of the most cost effective ways available to transportation engineers for reducing delays and mitigating congestion. A region may contain a large number of traffic signals all of which cannot be retimed at once due to limited availability of funds and other resources; only a subset of signals can be retimed at any given …
Vehicular Emissions Models Using Mobile6.2 And Field Data, Abhishek Yerramalla
Vehicular Emissions Models Using Mobile6.2 And Field Data, Abhishek Yerramalla
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Regression models to predict vehicular emissions for different categories of vehicles for different pollutants are presented in this thesis. Vehicular emissions are affected by numerous variables which, among others, include speed, temperature, acceleration, deceleration, driving behavior and meteorological data. Regression models are developed based on data obtained from Mobile 6.2 and on-board emissions measurements. The U.S. Department of Transportation (US DOT) conducted sensitivity analysis of Mobile6 where they evaluated different parameters used to find the emission factors, such as vehicle miles traveled, speed, humidity, etc. The sensitivity analysis investigated the overall Mobile6.2 model behavior for various conditions. In the analysis, …
Experimental And Field Monitoring Studies On Recycled Materials As Pavement Bases, Sunil Kumar Sirigiripet
Experimental And Field Monitoring Studies On Recycled Materials As Pavement Bases, Sunil Kumar Sirigiripet
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Natural aggregates derived from a variety of source rocks have been used as a road base material. But the extraction of natural aggregates resources is increasingly being constrained by urbanization, increased costs and environmental concerns. Thus, increased amounts of reclaimed materials are being used to supplement natural aggregates in road construction. Recycled Asphalt Pavement (RAP) material is one of the important recycled materials used in the present geotechnical applications. Many agencies are constantly seeking to reap the benefits of utilizing RAP. Main advantages of utilizing RAP include the preservation of the existing profile, conservation of asphalt and aggregate resources, conservation …
The Travel Behavior Of Minority Cohorts In Texas, Gustavo A. Jimenez Vera
The Travel Behavior Of Minority Cohorts In Texas, Gustavo A. Jimenez Vera
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Texas is changing dramatically; the most conservative population forecast indicates that Hispanics will account for 50% of the Texas population before 2035. Not only is the number of Hispanics on the rise in Texas, but also the foreign-born share has increased dramatically over the last 15 years. The State of Texas is now a majority minority state, and minority cohorts are expected to grow and become more than 65% of the Texas population before 2035. Transportation professionals in the State of Texas are wondering how these demographic changes will affect the transportation system. To gain an understanding of this, one …
Experimental Studies To Address Strengths Of Limestone Cores, Sulfate Heave Problems In Limestone Cores And Tunnel Lining, Vivekananda Chikyala
Experimental Studies To Address Strengths Of Limestone Cores, Sulfate Heave Problems In Limestone Cores And Tunnel Lining, Vivekananda Chikyala
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Sulfate induced heave is a common scenario in tunnels located on sedimentary rocks containing Pyrites. Pyrite oxidation produces Gypsum which is a major source of natural sulfates. DART NC -1B tunnel is located in Dallas, north Texas. Dallas is located on sedimentary rocks with high Pyrite content and has a history of sulfate induced heave problems in several projects. In spring 2005 & 2006, the shotcrete liner in DART NC-1B tunnel showed cracking associated with water leaks. Considering the local geology and the history of the tunnel, researchers at The University of Texas at Arlington (UTA) suspected probable occurrence of …