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Articles 211 - 240 of 331
Full-Text Articles in Civil and Environmental Engineering
Effect Of Nano Zero Valent Iron On Degradation Of Municipal Solid Waste In Bioreactor Landfills, Meenakshi Gangopadhyay
Effect Of Nano Zero Valent Iron On Degradation Of Municipal Solid Waste In Bioreactor Landfills, Meenakshi Gangopadhyay
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Nanotechnology has substantial potential for reducing contamination, toxicity and overall human health hazards and environmental risks. In recent times, nano zero valent iron has proved to be effective in contaminant reduction and pollution control. Iron is an important micronutrient for the microbes involved in the anaerobic decomposition of solid waste in bioreactor landfills. Landfill leachate sometimes contains toxic compounds which nano zero valent iron has proven to be very effective in removing, particularly chlorinated organics, heavy metals, and odorous sulfides. Iron can also potentially increase landfill methane generation by removing long chain fatty acids and sulfides that inhibit methanogenesis.nZVI materials …
An Investigation Of Pipe Jacking Loads In Trenchless Technology, Saeed Rahjoo
An Investigation Of Pipe Jacking Loads In Trenchless Technology, Saeed Rahjoo
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Pipe jacking is a trenchless technology method of installing pipes under existing facilities such as roads and railroads. Predicting jacking forces is important for planning, design, and construction phases of these projects. The jacking forces dictate shaft or pit locations, thrust block or backstop design, jacking equipment, use of intermediate jacking stations, and pipe bearing capacity. Calculating jacking forces depends on several site and project parameters such as soil and site conditions, lubrication, size of overcut, and steering corrections. Excessive jacking forces can damage the pipe and destabilize the drive shaft, which may stop project progress. There are different methods …
Performance Of Large Diameter Polyvinyl Chloride (Pvc) Pipes In Water Applications, Pradip P. Deshmukh
Performance Of Large Diameter Polyvinyl Chloride (Pvc) Pipes In Water Applications, Pradip P. Deshmukh
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipes with diameters greater than 24" make up a small fraction of water utilities. Most of the research done on PVC pipes in water utilities focuses on diameters less than 24". Therefore, this thesis focuses on PVC water main pipelines with a diameter greater than 24" in an attempt to understand their performance in the water management facilities. This thesis had several objectives, such as to evaluate 24" and larger diameter PVC pipes in water transmission and distribution applications, calculate failure rate per hundred miles of PVC pipes at water utilities, categorize age of PVC pipelines with …
Qualitative Evaluation Of Transportation Construction Related Social Costs And Their Impacts On The Local Community, Amanda Ferguson
Qualitative Evaluation Of Transportation Construction Related Social Costs And Their Impacts On The Local Community, Amanda Ferguson
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Although construction is valuable after completion, it can cause many disturbances throughout the duration of the project. These negative impacts, such as economic losses and annoyances, which face the community surrounding a construction project, are referred to as social costs. They are the inconveniences that confront the general public and take many forms such as traffic delays and congestion, decreased revenue, increased accidents, and air and noise pollution. Social costs negatively affect the surrounding environment and everyday quality of life. Social costs are often not incorporated into construction design, planning or budgets. This can be attributed to the complexity of …
Application Of Ellipse For Horizontal Alignment, Farzin Maniei
Application Of Ellipse For Horizontal Alignment, Farzin Maniei
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
In highway design, horizontal alignments provide directional transition of roadways. Three categories of horizontal transition curves are simple circular curves, compound circular curves, and spiral circular curves. Compound and spiral curves, as alternatives to a simple circular curve, are often more costly since they are longer in length and require additional right-of-way. These costs differences are amplified at higher design speed. This study presents calculations associated with using a single elliptical arc in lieu of compound or spiral curves in situations where the use of simple circular curves is not prudent due to driver safety and comfort considerations. The study …
Performance Comparison Of High Density Polyethylene Pipe, Chandan Venkatesh
Performance Comparison Of High Density Polyethylene Pipe, Chandan Venkatesh
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
The current and forecasted major challenge faced by water utilities is delivering potable water efficiently with minimum loss to end users. Water pipe failure has negative impact not only local communities but also on the nation's economy. The American Water Works Association (AWWA) has estimated that it will cost over $250 billion to replace and renew the nation's water pipes over the next 20 years. According to the 2009 American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) Report Card, seven billion gallons of water are lost in this country every day!Every pipe has unique properties with advantages and limitations. During a pipe's …
Effect Of Stress And Suction Histories Dynamic Properties Of Statically Compacted Silty Sand, William Allan Douglas
Effect Of Stress And Suction Histories Dynamic Properties Of Statically Compacted Silty Sand, William Allan Douglas
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
This paper is devoted to the analysis of the experimental study whose intent is to find the effect of the stress/suction history on the dynamic properties of silty sand subjected to small- to mid-strains. The practical application of this study includes determining the effect on soil stiffness properties of increased soil suction (transpiration of water) followed by loading induced by shallow foundations and vice versa. Small-strain stiffness properties such as shear modulus, material damping, and shear wave velocity, are important subsoil parameters for proper analysis and design of unsaturated earth structures subject to static and dynamic loading. Traditional soil testing …
An Evaluation Of Failure Modes For Cast Iron And Ductile Iron Water Pipes, Ameya Brahmanand Paradkar
An Evaluation Of Failure Modes For Cast Iron And Ductile Iron Water Pipes, Ameya Brahmanand Paradkar
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
The need to evaluate the performance of cast iron and ductile iron water pipes is of great importance since they are the most common pipe materials for water mains. The concern in the water industry is about the cost involved in repairs and replacement of water pipes due to failure. The rate of pipe failures increases as the design life ends and become a financial burden on the water industry. This thesis evaluates the failure modes for the two most used pipe materials for water mains in the United States which are cast iron and ductile iron pipes. A study …
Development Of Traffic Inputs For The Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide In New York State, Ferdous Intaj
Development Of Traffic Inputs For The Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide In New York State, Ferdous Intaj
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Proper characterization of traffic data is a prerequisite for the determination of appropriate traffic inputs to Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG). The development of proper traffic inputs helps reflect the traffic conditions over the life of pavement which would decrease the maintenance, repair and traffic disruptions and improve the traffic conditions of a road network.The objective of the study was to characterize the traffic data and suggest the site-specific, regional or state wide average values for traffic inputs to MEPDG for New York State. Vehicle class distribution (VCD), monthly distribution factors (MDF), hourly distribution factors (HDF), average number of axle …
Performance Of Prestressed Concrete Cylinder Pipe (Pccp) In Water Applilcations, Rahul Manda
Performance Of Prestressed Concrete Cylinder Pipe (Pccp) In Water Applilcations, Rahul Manda
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
The analysis of water pipes failure data is of great importance as it has a significant impact society and the environment. These failures also have the overall impact on the financial burden on the water industry. This thesis evaluates the failure rate of Prestressed Concrete Cylinder Pipe (PCCP), which is one of the most conventional rigid pipes and are extensively used as the water and wastewater pipeline in the US and around the world. A statistical analysis of the failure rate based on the diameter size over multiple years will help in determining the performance of PCCP pipes. Also, the …
Effects Of Fiber Reinforced Polymer (Frp) Wrap On Reducing Chloride Penetration In Concrete, Gunther G. Garcia
Effects Of Fiber Reinforced Polymer (Frp) Wrap On Reducing Chloride Penetration In Concrete, Gunther G. Garcia
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of FRP wrap on reducing chloride penetration in concrete. It has been established that FRP wrap used to retrofit concrete structures offer a high resistance to chemical solutions. The ACI 318-11 Code allows for a reduction of clear cover depth if an equivalent clear cover depth can be establish. The FRP material used herein consisted of Tyfo SCH-41 and Tyfo SEH-51A composites fabricated from carbon and glass fibers, respectively. The wrapped FRP concrete specimens and control specimens without FRP wrap were tested according to ASTM C 1543 and ASTM C …
Determining The Effectiveness Of Chlorine-Based Biofilm Control On The Friction Factors Of Large Diameter Pipelines In Raw Water, Shelly Stamler Hattan
Determining The Effectiveness Of Chlorine-Based Biofilm Control On The Friction Factors Of Large Diameter Pipelines In Raw Water, Shelly Stamler Hattan
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Large diameter transmission mains pumping raw water experience capacity loss during the summer months due to the growth of biofilm. The loss of capacity impacts power costs at a time when power is obtained at a premium. Biofilm growth varies with the seasons and varies along the length of the pipeline. Biofilm growth and decay directly impacts the friction factors. Future design work should consider a seasonal friction factor rather than an aged friction factor over time.The method of controlling biofilm is with the application of chloramines at the lake pump stations. This study compares the difference between little to …
Water Permeability In Fiber Reinforced Plastic (Fpr)-Wrapped Concrete, Jyoti Ojha
Water Permeability In Fiber Reinforced Plastic (Fpr)-Wrapped Concrete, Jyoti Ojha
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
A finite element analysis is performed using ANSYS software to analyze progress of water and its circulation in FRP wrapped concrete. This paper presents the modeling of water diffusion in FRP. Finite element programs do not usually employ issue permeability or diffusion. Therefore, diffusion of water in FRP is modeled by analogy with thermal conduction. A brief description of theoretical background is presented in the paper. The recommended FE modeling procedures are listed. Diffusion coefficient of Tyfo SCH 41S-1 obtained from an inspection report is used to analyze water permeably of FRP. Tyfo SCH 41S-1 is the most popular FRP …
Resilient Moduli Properties Of Compacted Unsaturated Subgrade Materials, Pinit Ruttanaporamakul
Resilient Moduli Properties Of Compacted Unsaturated Subgrade Materials, Pinit Ruttanaporamakul
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
According to the new Mechanistic Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG) and 1993 AASHTO flexible pavement design guide, Resilient Modulus (MR) has been used extensively as an important material property in structure design of pavement. The modulus is used as the primary input parameter to determine the stiffness parameters and constitutive behavior of pavement components. The system of pavement basically consists of the layers of surface, base, subbase (optional), and subgrade. The compacted subgrade soils supporting pavement structure are typically unsaturated with degrees of saturation varying from 75 to 90%. The effect of unsaturated soil behavior on the mechanical properties of …
Productivity Analysis Of Box Jacking, Hossein Tavakoli
Productivity Analysis Of Box Jacking, Hossein Tavakoli
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Trenchless Technology (TT) offers methods to install utilities through the ground without damaging the surface. Box Jacking is a trenchless method for installation of prefabricated box and drainage structures without digging a trench. The concept of box jacking is similar to pipe jacking operations by first excavating an entry shaft, building the thrust block and concrete base, and setting jacking equipment. The process starts with pushing boxes while excavating at face, however, the movement of each box is achieved each time excavation at the shield is completed. Additionally, a pilot tube might be required in advance of box jacking operations. …
Assessment And Rating Of Mechanically Stabilized Earth Walls, Noel Janacek
Assessment And Rating Of Mechanically Stabilized Earth Walls, Noel Janacek
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Mechanically stabilized earth (MSE) walls have been increasingly utilized in the United States since 1972 and in Texas since 1979. MSE walls provide earth retention for commercial, industrial and transportation projects throughout Texas. Within the transportation industry, the traditional design life of MSE walls is 75 years, with new projects requiring 100 year design life. The millions of square feet of existing MSE walls are generally less than half of the anticipated design life, making identifying and assessing the existing wall inventory a significant asset management component for optimizing maintenance expenditures. This thesis proposes and applies a system that assesses …
Resilient Properties Of Unsaturated Base Materials, Ranjan Kumar Rout
Resilient Properties Of Unsaturated Base Materials, Ranjan Kumar Rout
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
A pavement system basically consists of a surface layer, a base course, a subbase (optional) and the subgrade. As per MEPDG and 1993 AASHTO flexible pavement design guide Resilient Modulus (MR) is used as the primary input parameter to determine the stiffness parameters and the constitutive behavior of pavement components, such as subgrade and unbound bases. Generally, pavements are constructed on compacted soils that are typically unsaturated with degrees of saturation varying from 75 to 90%. The main focus of this research is to determine the effect of matric suction on the resilient moduli property of the base materials. The …
Design Of Controlled Low Strength Material For Bedding And Backfilling Using High Plasticity Clay, Anil Kumar Raavi
Design Of Controlled Low Strength Material For Bedding And Backfilling Using High Plasticity Clay, Anil Kumar Raavi
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Flowable fill or Controlled Low Strength Material (CLSM) is a self-compacted cementitious material used in the field in the place of compacted fill. It is also known as unshrinkable fill, controlled density fill, flowable mortar, plastic-soil cement, soil-cement slurry, and others. The advantages of this material include lesser soil settlements, elimination of compaction, and lower costs when compared to chemically treated and compacted subsoils. CLSMs have a wide range of applications such as using them as a backfill, bedding material, trench filling material, void filling material, bridge abutment and embankment materials and also in pavement bases. Current research is aimed …
Selecting A Shaft/Pit Construction Method For Trenchless Technology, Bassam Abusad
Selecting A Shaft/Pit Construction Method For Trenchless Technology, Bassam Abusad
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
The word shaft describes a vertical access point that is created by excavating, vertical boring, or blasting required before the start of tunneling or boring operations. Most trenchless technologies require entry shafts and exit shafts and in some cases and intermediate shaft Trenchless technologies are methods used for the construction and rehabilitation of underground utility pipes. Since pits and shafts are excavated below the ground surface level, Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) rules and regulations are enforced for the safety of the workers. The focus of this research is to describe shaft and pit construction methods as applied to …
Comparison Of Measured And Predicted Response Of Six Mnroad Asphalt Test Sections, Veni Valli Nagarajan
Comparison Of Measured And Predicted Response Of Six Mnroad Asphalt Test Sections, Veni Valli Nagarajan
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
The study, sponsored by MnRoad, aimed to compare the measured and predicted values of strains and stresses for six cells 33, 34, 35, 77, 78 and 79 of the third MnRoad experiments. Cells 33, 34 and 35 were constructed for studying the polyphosphoric acid study while cells 77, 78 and 79 for the fly-ash stabilization study, during 2007. Each cell is instrumented with three transverse strain gauges and three longitudinal strain gauges at the bottom of HMA layer while three pressure cells were located at the top of the subgrade layer to measure vertical compressive stress.The FWD deflection data collected …
Effective Construction Schedule Management: Construction Project Monitoring With Project Performance Indicators & The Project Status Report, Christopher Michael Totin
Effective Construction Schedule Management: Construction Project Monitoring With Project Performance Indicators & The Project Status Report, Christopher Michael Totin
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
A thorough review of construction and engineering literature was conducted to discover and organize current best practices and standards for the purpose of monitoring a construction project. The status of a construction project is a measurement of its progress and performance in terms of time, cost, and scope. Awareness of a construction project's status improves decision-making on the part of owners, engineers, contractors, and other project stakeholders. Project Performance Indicators (PPI) are metrics generated by construction project schedules that define a project's status. Project personnel must monitor critical schedule and cost data, or PPI, in order to maintain control of …
Engineering Characteristics Of Recyled Plastic Pin, Lumber And Bamboo For Soil Slope Stabilization, Faisal Shakib Ahmed
Engineering Characteristics Of Recyled Plastic Pin, Lumber And Bamboo For Soil Slope Stabilization, Faisal Shakib Ahmed
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Shallow slope failures are predominant in North Texas and pose a significant maintenance problem. The traditional slope repair and stabilization techniques become expensive in some instances with direct costs associated in maintenance and repair of landslides. A new approach for slope stabilization has been developed using Recycled Plastic Pins ( RPP) to reinforce slope movements. The engineering properties of RPP in compression and bending strength along with environmental considerations dictate the design and repair of slopes using RPP. Two other materials have also been considered as an alternative: (1) Wood lumber and (2) Bamboo. Wood has many advantages as an …
Development Of A Flexible Pavement Design Procedure Based On The Mechanistic - Empirical Pavement Design Guide: A Case Study, Ali Qays Abdullah
Development Of A Flexible Pavement Design Procedure Based On The Mechanistic - Empirical Pavement Design Guide: A Case Study, Ali Qays Abdullah
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
This research developed design tables of new flexible pavement structures for New York State Department of Transportation based on the Mechanistic Empirical Design Guide (MEPDG). The design tables were developed using the MEPDG software for Regions 1, 3, and 7 for Upstate part of New York State and for Regions 8, 10, and 11 for the Downstate part of New York State. The MEPDG software was used to run design cases for combinations of: climate conditions, traffic volume, subgrade soil stiffness (Mr) and pavement structures. The conditions that the MEPDG was used to run were: the road structures classified as …
An Evaluation Of Large Diameter Steel Water Pipelines, Tushar Joshi
An Evaluation Of Large Diameter Steel Water Pipelines, Tushar Joshi
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Steel water pipelines, as a part of America's underground infrastructure, play a key role in maintaining the quality of life and well-being of communities. Thousands of miles of steel water pipelines make up a huge and complex water transmission system. This complexity generates the necessity for research on underground infrastructure in general and steel pipelines in particular. The objective of this research is to evaluate performance of large diameter (24 in. and larger) steel water pipelines. This research objective was achieved by use of a survey of various North American water utilities to provide details about their inventory. This data …
Development Of A New Device To Evaluate Stabilization Durability Of Expansive Soils By Addressing Wetting/Drying And Leachate Issues, Priya Pravin Lad
Development Of A New Device To Evaluate Stabilization Durability Of Expansive Soils By Addressing Wetting/Drying And Leachate Issues, Priya Pravin Lad
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Expansive soils have been known to cause deterioration among all aspects of civil infrastructure for many years primarily due to the presence of clay minerals like Montmorillonite. Replacing these problematic soils is not a viable solution in that it is costly and time consuming.Although many stabilization techniques are available, chemical stabilization has proven to be an important tool in arresting the swell/shrink behavior of expansive soil, which is a major source of distress problems for most infrastructures built on this type of soils. Of the chemical stabilizers available in the market, lime and cement stabilizers are the two most widely …
Evaluating Beat Structure And Truck Allocation For The Tarrant County Courtesy Patrol, Farzad Daneshgar
Evaluating Beat Structure And Truck Allocation For The Tarrant County Courtesy Patrol, Farzad Daneshgar
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Non-recurring congestion poses a significant concern to urban freeway drivers. Effective incident management relies on many tools to lessen the overall impact of crashes, road debris, and stalled/disabled vehicles. While many of the tools are based in a region's traffic management center, many urban areas have adopted freeway service patrol (FSP) programs that patrol the freeway network searching for incidents, providing aid to motorists, and assisting with incident management and clearance. While FSP operations can be assessed in terms of response and clearance times, FSP management must consider the beat structure and fleet allocation. This investigation considers response time and …
Characterization And Evaluation Of Gas Generation Potential Of Municipal Solid Waste From A Closed Section Of A Landfill, Sonia Samir
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
At present, there are more than 40 closed municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills around DFW and North Texas. A closed landfill might have potential benefits for gas recovery and utilization due to the presence of organic components in the MSW. The decomposition of organic components of MSW produces gas. The decomposition process after landfill closure may continue for 20 to 100 years depending on the operational practice of the landfill. However, to evaluate the methane potential of a closed landfill it is important to have the understanding of the characteristics of the existing or decomposed landfill wastes. The current study …
The Last Planner System For Realiable Project Delivery, Alok Patel
The Last Planner System For Realiable Project Delivery, Alok Patel
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
The Last Planner System is a production planning system designed to produce predictable work flow and rapid learning in programming, design, construction and commissioning of projects. The Last Planner System (LPS) is developed by Glenn Ballard and Greg Howell as a production planning and control system to assist in smoothing variations in construction work flow, developing planning foresight, and reducing uncertainty in construction operations. The LPS challenges the old practices of developing schedules and pushing them from top management down to frontline people to execute. It advocates collaborative planning, performing collaborative constraint analysis, and learning from planning failures. The LPS …
Determination Of Geotechnical Properties Of Clayey Soil From Resistivity Imaging (Ri), Golam Kibria
Determination Of Geotechnical Properties Of Clayey Soil From Resistivity Imaging (Ri), Golam Kibria
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
The use of resistivity imaging (RI) in the subsurface investigation has increased in recent years. RI is a non destructive method and provides a continuous image of the subsurface. Based on the electrical conduction phenomenon of soil, spatial and temporal moisture variation and he-terogeneity of subsurface can be evaluated from RI. However, only qualitative evaluation of sub-surface can be obtained from RI. The correlation between RI results and geotechnical engineering properties of soils has become an important issue for rigorous use of this method in site in-vestigation. The current study attempts to develop the relationship and correlations between geo-technical parameters …
Comparison Of Dust Generation From Open Cut And Trenchless Technology Methods For Utility Construction, Sahajanand Madhusudan Kamat
Comparison Of Dust Generation From Open Cut And Trenchless Technology Methods For Utility Construction, Sahajanand Madhusudan Kamat
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Construction industry has changed many aspects of human life and is still evolving at a rapid pace. New and better technologies which are environmentally friendly and safe are being introduced in this industry. But with the passage of time, this industry has got riddled with loss of human life and quality due to various scenarios. One of the major contributors to such conditions is dust generated on a construction site. The amount of dust a worker inhales during his whole career is very dangerous. This research has found out that using trenchless technology, this exposure to dust can be reduced …