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Articles 121 - 150 of 331
Full-Text Articles in Civil and Environmental Engineering
Infiltration Study Using Tdr Techniques, Saurav Sinha
Infiltration Study Using Tdr Techniques, Saurav Sinha
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
The study of water flow or infiltration in an unsaturated soil is a highly non-linear and complex problem, simultaneous verification of field and laboratory results is a convenient and practical approach to test the results. In this study, Time domain reflectometry (TDR) sensors are installed at three different locations close to a water body (Creek) in Arlington, Texas which is a part of the National Science Foundation Project titled “Cyper SEES: Type 2: Integrative Sensing and Prediction of Urban Water for Sustainable Cities (iSPUW)”. Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) and Time Domain Transmissometry (TDT) sensors were deployed at five different depths …
Strengthening Of Lightweight Reinforced Concrete Beams Using Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers (Cfrp), Tariq Al Jaafreh
Strengthening Of Lightweight Reinforced Concrete Beams Using Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers (Cfrp), Tariq Al Jaafreh
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
This research aimed to investigate the effect of utilizing “Fiber Reinforced Polymer” (FRP) on the light weight concrete beams. The main hypothesis is that such utilization of the FRP will lead to strengthened lightweight beams. The research that has been done on this relationship is somewhat broad in the scope and have mostly focused on the normal-weight concrete. However, only few studies that have considered the light weight concrete. Eight Beams were tested in this research under four point bending test. Two beams were taken as a control beams without any external bonding of Carbon Fiber Reinforced polymer. Another two …
Comparison Of Methane Production From Household Waste, Sunita Baniya
Comparison Of Methane Production From Household Waste, Sunita Baniya
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Anaerobic digestion is a biochemical process in which various microorganisms transform complex organic compounds to methane, along with carbon dioxide, water vapor and a small amount of other trace gases in absence of oxygen. Methane from anaerobic digestion processes is being increasingly utilized as an alternative energy source in developing as well as developed countries. These days the energy crisis is very acute in rural communities of developing countries, where fuelwood has been and still is the major source of daily used fuel. Through anaerobic digestion, clean-burning fuel for cooking can be produced from degradation of household organic wastes, solving …
Impact Of Weather Factors On Go-Around Occurrence, Bharath Donavalli
Impact Of Weather Factors On Go-Around Occurrence, Bharath Donavalli
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
A “go-around” occurs when an aircraft, which is on final approach, aborts it landing due to unsatisfactory conditions. Go-arounds have a significant impact on the capacity of the airports and pose a serious concern at large airports, especially for airports with diagonal runways. Go-arounds occur due to manual errors, mechanical faults and weather factors. This study focuses on the impact of weather factors on go-around occurrence. The study includes wind gust, storm events (thunderstorm, rain and snow) and visibility as the weather factors under investigation. The author uses a factorial sampling strategy where these factors are segmented into additional categories …
Sustainable Reuse Of Fly Ash To Mitigate Landfill Methane, Sharon Priyadarshini
Sustainable Reuse Of Fly Ash To Mitigate Landfill Methane, Sharon Priyadarshini
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
According to US, EIA 2014 coal alone produces nearly 40% of electricity more than another source in US. Out of the 110 million tons of Coal combustion by-products (CCBs) generated per year as a result of coal combustion, 47% is reused whereas 53% is stored on-site or sent to landfills. There are a number of adverse economic and environmental impacts associated with storage and disposal of coal. Methane (CH4) is a powerful greenhouse gas (GHG), contributing 32% of current climate forcing (US EPA, 2015). Landfill gas comprises of 50-55% CH4 and 40-45% CO2. Global warming potential of CH4 is 28 …
Air Dispersion Modeling Of Multiple Natural Gas Well Pads At Different Terrain Conditions And Determination Of Inverse Distance Weighting Function Exponent, Fatemeh Khalaj
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Natural gas production and development has been widely spreading all over the United States. Texas has been leading the nation in natural gas production by holding approximately twenty three percent of the nation’s natural gas reserves. However, natural gas exploration, drilling, production and distribution process have impacts on air quality and human health. The emissions from natural gas processes could be categorized as volatile organic compounds (including Hazardous Air Pollutants), methane, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxides, particulate matter and some other minor emitted pollutants, which have the potential of causing serious health problems and also impact air quality from an environmental …
Safety Aspects Of Bicyclists In A Connected Vehicle Environment, Ajaykumar Patil
Safety Aspects Of Bicyclists In A Connected Vehicle Environment, Ajaykumar Patil
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
The revival in the number of bicyclists, bike infrastructure investments and bike policies in the U.S. in the last two decades has escalated the importance of bicycling as a mode of transportation. With the proliferating role of the bicycle mode, bike fatalities continue to grow, too. In response to the increase in fatalities and crashes caused by human driven vehicles, the automobile industry and governments seek to develop autonomous vehicles that can address most of the human related crash causes. While increasing safety remains the primary goal of autonomous vehicles (AV) innovation, the difficulty of bicyclist and pedestrian detection using …
Structural Retrofit Of Reinforced Concrete Circular Columns Using Cfrp, Ahmed Haider Mohiuddin
Structural Retrofit Of Reinforced Concrete Circular Columns Using Cfrp, Ahmed Haider Mohiuddin
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composites have developed numerous applications in the field of Civil Engineering, mostly because of their beneficial properties like high strength-to=weight ratio and high corrosion resistance. This study presents an easy and expedient finite element (FE) able to accurately estimate the axial load carrying capacity of reinforced concrete (RC) circular columns confined with externally bonded carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) sheets. The element is able to model collapse due to concrete crushing. The FE generated in this study is used the load carrying capacity of CFRP confined RC columns subjected to concentric loading. Constitutive models for materials …
Design And Resistance Factor Calibration Of Pipe Piles In California, Yujie Hu
Design And Resistance Factor Calibration Of Pipe Piles In California, Yujie Hu
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Steel pipe piles, either open ended or close ended, are widely used in the state of California as bridge foundations due to high load bearing capacity, light weight, and outstanding workability. The design methods currently used by Caltrans were developed based on limited field data and are lack of field validations of the recent development of steel pipe piles. In this thesis study, 45 high quality steel pipe pile load tests performed in various soil conditions were collected from Caltrans’ load test data to evaluate available design methods and calibrate the resistance factors of selected design methods. A total of …
Potential Application Of Ultra-High Performance Fiber-Reinforced Concrete With Wet-Mix Shotcrete System In Tunneling, Jean Gamarra
Potential Application Of Ultra-High Performance Fiber-Reinforced Concrete With Wet-Mix Shotcrete System In Tunneling, Jean Gamarra
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
In the tunneling industry, shotcrete has been used for several decades. The use of shotcrete or wet-mix spray-on methods allows the application of this method in complex underground profiles and shapes. The need for time efficient spraying methods and constructability for lining coverage opens the door for technologies like steel and synthetic fiber reinforced shotcrete to achieve a uniform and a good quality product. An important advantage of the application of fiber reinforced concrete in shotcrete systems for tunneling is that almost no steel fixing is required. This leads to several other advantages including safer working conditions during excavation, less …
Comparison Of Construction Methods For Building An Underground Freight Transportation In Texas, Niloofar Rezaei
Comparison Of Construction Methods For Building An Underground Freight Transportation In Texas, Niloofar Rezaei
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Freight transportation by trucks constitutes approximately 80% of total freight transportation in Texas and it is expected to approximately double by the year 2040. Social and environmental costs are adverse impacts of moving freights by trucks. Underground Freight Transportation (UFT) significantly reduces these negative impacts and is more sustainable method of freight transportation. UFT includes close-fitting vehicles carrying freight through underground pipelines or tunnels between terminals. The main objective of this research is to compare two construction methods: (1) tunneling using tunnel boring machine (TBM) and (2) tunneling using open-cut. To conduct this research, a comprehensive literature search on various …
Enhancing Productivity By Using Building Information Modeling Applications In Pipeline Construction Projects, Harsha Vardhan Reddy Guduru Penusila
Enhancing Productivity By Using Building Information Modeling Applications In Pipeline Construction Projects, Harsha Vardhan Reddy Guduru Penusila
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Building Information Modeling (BIM) is a technology and associated set of processes to produce, communicate, and analyze building models. BIM is a new concept within the construction industry. The objective of this thesis is to utilize BIM in pipeline construction projects as one of the pioneering steps to reduce rework and delays due to unforeseen conditions. This thesis presents evaluation and recommendations to help pipeline construction industry’s transition from traditional two-dimensional drawings to a BIM management process aiding owners and contractors to develop and implement a basic form of BIM technique to manage their projects. This thesis uses two pipeline …
Landfill Volume Gain From The Diversion Of Construction And Demolition Waste, Aayush Raj Tiwary
Landfill Volume Gain From The Diversion Of Construction And Demolition Waste, Aayush Raj Tiwary
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Construction and Demolition (C&D) waste is one of the major components of the solid waste and is defined as a waste stream resulting from the construction, renovation and demolition of structures such as buildings, roads, and bridges. The amount of C&D waste has been in an upsurge with rapid growth in construction works and is expected to grow even more. As such, the effective waste management for C&D disposal has been a global issue owing to the increasing construction works worldwide. Although landfill disposal of C&D waste is not the preferred method of the C&D waste management, a significant portion …
Estimation Of Rebar Corrosion In Concrete Using Ground Penetrating Radar, Rakesh Krishnarajapete Raju
Estimation Of Rebar Corrosion In Concrete Using Ground Penetrating Radar, Rakesh Krishnarajapete Raju
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
The purpose of this research was to quantitatively relate the amount of rebar corrosion in concrete with the amplitude of electromagnetic waves generated from Ground penetrating radar (GPR). Many studies have been undertaken on qualitative measurement of corrosion, but there are very few studies regarding estimation of rebar corrosion quantitatively. This experiment involved the use of accelerated corrosion by impressed current technique to corrode the rebar inside the concrete and GPR to determine the extent of corrosion, while making a comparison with a stainless steel bar which was used as a cathode to create a galvanic cell action. Rebars were …
Improving The Rainfall And Flood Frequency Analyses Using Stochastic Storm Transposition Method, Morteza Kiani
Improving The Rainfall And Flood Frequency Analyses Using Stochastic Storm Transposition Method, Morteza Kiani
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Reproduction and realization of historical rainfall events provides foundations for flood and rainfall frequency analyses and the advancement of meteorological studies. Stochastic storm transposition (SST) is a method for such a purpose and enables us to perform frequency analyses by transposing observed historical storm events over any given watershed. The goal of this study is to stochastically examine the impacts of extreme events on all locations in a homogeneity zone. Storms with the same probability of occurrence on a defined homogenous neighborhood will generate various impacts due to spatial and temporal variations of the storms. Transposing storms occurring in the …
Slope Stabilization And Performance Monitoring Of I-35 And Sh-183 Slopes Using Recycled Plastic Pins, Sandip Tamrakar
Slope Stabilization And Performance Monitoring Of I-35 And Sh-183 Slopes Using Recycled Plastic Pins, Sandip Tamrakar
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
The United States earth retaining structure market exceeds 170 million square feet annually and there are over 50 different retaining systems to select from which are unique in design and construction. Depending on the type of retaining structure, unit costs vary from less than $20 to in excess of $250 per square foot. Selecting the technically appropriate and cost-effective system is often critical to project cost and schedule. The Recycled Plastic Pin (RPP) has potential to be utilized as a sustainable and cost effective option to stabilize the surficial slope failure. RPP have been successfully used in Missouri, Iowa and …
Experimental Study On Seismic Performance Of Reinforced Concrete Coupling Beams And Rectangular Squat Walls With Innovative Reinforcement Configurations, Poorya Hajyalikhani
Experimental Study On Seismic Performance Of Reinforced Concrete Coupling Beams And Rectangular Squat Walls With Innovative Reinforcement Configurations, Poorya Hajyalikhani
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Reinforced concrete core walls, coupled by diagonally reinforced coupling beams (DCBs), are a very efficient seismic force resisting system for medium- to high-rise buildings. The diagonal reinforcing bars in DCBs are most effective when the beam has a span-to-depth ratio, ln/h, less than 2. Modern construction, due to architectural requirements, typically requires span-to-depth ratios between 2.4 to 4, which leads to a very shallow angle of inclination of the diagonal reinforcement (generally between 10 to 20 degrees). The lower angles of inclination, combined with the detailing requirements specified in ACI 318, results in reinforcement congestion as well as design and …
Characterization And Comparison Of Fresh And Landfilled Solid Waste, Kavya Koganti
Characterization And Comparison Of Fresh And Landfilled Solid Waste, Kavya Koganti
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
The understanding of the characteristics of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) is very important in planning, designing and operating and/or upgrading the landfill operation system. It is well anticipated that the fresh MSW will be different from the landfilled MSW due to degradation. However, there is no systematic study on the comparison of physical properties of fresh and landfilled waste from bioreactor and/or enhanced leachate recirculated (ELR) landfills. The most important MSW properties to be considered while planning a landfill system are physical composition, moisture content, unit weight and volatile solids content. These properties are of particular interest especially when an …
Medium-Range Ensemble Precipitation And Streamflow Forecasting For The Upper Trinity River Basin In Texas Via The Nws Hydrologic Ensemble Forecast Service, Hossein Sadeghi
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Compared to forecasts of short-term precipitation accumulations (daily or shorter) at lead times larger than a few days, those of longer-term accumulations (3-daily or longer) are significantly more skillful owing to the larger temporal scale of aggregation. If one can utilize this skill present in medium-range precipitation forecast in hydrologic prediction, it is very likely that the lead time of hydrologic forecasts, in particular, of streamflow and soil moisture may be extended. Though forecasts of longer-term accumulations of precipitation are more skillful than those of shorter-term accumulations, precipitation forecasts in general are too uncertain to be used as deterministic, or …
Feasibility Of Underground Freight Transportation (Uft) In Texas, Seyedeh Hosna Mousavipour
Feasibility Of Underground Freight Transportation (Uft) In Texas, Seyedeh Hosna Mousavipour
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
The U.S. economy is expected to double in size over the next 30 years. Truck and rail freight traffic is expected to increase by approximately 45 percent. Air freight is expected to triple in response to demand for the rapid movement of high-value merchandise, while multimodal shipments will likely double. Texas with a gross state product (GSP) of $1.4 trillion dollars is the second largest economy in the U.S. Its size and population, central location, Gulf coastline, and energy resources require a reliable freight transportation system to facilitate further growth. This thesis focuses on the feasibility of Underground Freight Transportation …
Merging Radar-Only Qpe And Rain Gauge Data Via Conditional Bias-Penalized Optimal Estimation, Beomgeun Kim
Merging Radar-Only Qpe And Rain Gauge Data Via Conditional Bias-Penalized Optimal Estimation, Beomgeun Kim
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
A new technique for merging radar precipitation estimates and rain gauge data is developed and evaluated to improve multisensor quantitative precipitation estimation (QPE). Various types of linear and nonlinear techniques have been used to combine rain gauge and radar data. Linear cokriging and its variants, for example, may be considered as the best linear unbiased estimators which minimize the error variance in the unconditional sense. They are, however, subject to conditional biases (CB) that may be unacceptably large for estimation of heavy-to-extreme precipitation. In this work, I develop, apply, and evaluate conditional bias-penalized cokriging (CBPCK) for spatial estimation of precipitation …
Feasibility Studies To Support Landfill Gas Recovery In Ghana, Neda Jangikhatoonabad
Feasibility Studies To Support Landfill Gas Recovery In Ghana, Neda Jangikhatoonabad
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
According to World Bank Ghana generates 0.09 kg of solid waste per person per day, where there are only 4 engineered landfills in the country. In 2010, Ghana contributed to 0.13% of global greenhouse gases emissions, 10% of which was associated with waste sector. On the other hand, according to the World Bank in 2011, 39.5 % of Ghana’s population did not have access to electricity. Tapping landfill gas will not only provide portion of needed energy for the country, but will also help solve many of the environmental problems. Currently there is no landfill gas to energy project in …
Using Lean Techniques To Reduce Waste And Improve Performance In Municipal Project Delivery, Yasir E. Abdelrazig
Using Lean Techniques To Reduce Waste And Improve Performance In Municipal Project Delivery, Yasir E. Abdelrazig
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
The basic concepts of lean thinking in construction projects are to reduce waste, improve communication, and promote teamwork integration through a common set of tools and techniques. With increased demand for public works projects, there is a need to focus attention on the efficient delivery of construction project services in the public sector, and in particular, on municipal project delivery. Performance improvements using lean techniques are considered to overcome problems, facilitate project progress, and offer recommendations for better municipal construction project processes. Municipal projects are a part of the public works which include a broad category of infrastructure projects, financed …
A Parametric Study Of The Effects Of Ɛ And ��̅ On The Poisson Boltzmann Equation For One And Two Spherical Particles Using A Boundary Integral Equation Method, Oumama H. Lingamfelter
A Parametric Study Of The Effects Of Ɛ And ��̅ On The Poisson Boltzmann Equation For One And Two Spherical Particles Using A Boundary Integral Equation Method, Oumama H. Lingamfelter
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Many biomolecules, such as DNA, exhibit properties that are dependent on their electrostatic interaction with an electrolytic solution. Both explicit atomistic and implicit continuum models have been developed to solve the electrostatic problem. The implicit models are based on the Poisson-Boltzmann (PB) equation, whose lower computational cost makes them favored for bio-molecular applications, particularly as the molecule size increases. Among the implicit models, a boundary integral equation (BIE) method involving only numerical treatment on a surface in turn is more efficient than domain-based finite element and finite difference methods. This is especially so in the present case where the electric …
Comparison Of Post-Tensioned Cast In Place Concrete And Steel-Concrete Composite Bent Caps, Francisco David Berrocal Ruiz
Comparison Of Post-Tensioned Cast In Place Concrete And Steel-Concrete Composite Bent Caps, Francisco David Berrocal Ruiz
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Civil engineering projects are conditioned not only by the technology available but also by resources availability as well as budget and construction time. Special conditions applicable to particular projects can also control their development.The correct selection from the different feasible alternatives can determine the final output of a project. In that sense, the importance of bridge structures on both the overall budget and schedule of civil engineering projects makes the selection of the proper structural typology decisive for their success or failure. In some cases, special characteristics can establish the need of innovative solutions to guarantee a successful development of …
Smart Speed Bumps, Mohammed Shakir Rajani
Smart Speed Bumps, Mohammed Shakir Rajani
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
The research underscores the need and importance of traffic calming devices and provides the basis for designing and building a device for traffic calming in neighborhoods with high pedestrian traffic, particularly children. The thesis focuses on developing a traffic calming device that is responsive to driver behavior rather than a static traffic calming device. The design presented herein involves modifying conventional speed bumps used for calming traffic in areas with high pedestrian traffic. The relevant engineering issues that are addressed include:* The functional requirements of the overall system and each of the system components* Operational challenges* Testing framework for evaluating …
Concrete Chloride Ingress: Effect Of Frp Type, Layers And Epoxy, Vinod Reddy Kamagani Kuntla
Concrete Chloride Ingress: Effect Of Frp Type, Layers And Epoxy, Vinod Reddy Kamagani Kuntla
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
The main objective of this research is to reduce the chloride ingress in concrete due to the effects of Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) type, layers and Epoxy. It has been established from previous researches that FRP wrap used to retrofit concrete structures offer a high resistance to chemical solutions but in this case study different variables like FRP, layers of FRP and only epoxy are used to know the resistance of concrete structures to chemical solutions. The ACI 318-11 Code allows for a reduction of clear cover depth if an equivalent clear cover depth can be establish. The FRP used …
Performance Of Full-Scale Ultra-High Performance Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Column Subjected To Extreme Earthquake-Type Loading And Effect Of Surface Preparation On The Cohesion And Friction Factors Of The Aashto Interface Shear Equation, Guillermo Palacios
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Buildings in areas of high seismicity may be subjected to large axial stresses as well as severe earthquake loading. In order to protect the integrity of these buildings, concrete columns must possess high compressive strength and adequate ductility. While the use of high strength concrete (HSC) may appear as an attractive alternative and can reduce the section size of first story columns, its increase in strength leads to an increase in brittleness compared to that of normal strength concrete. For that reason, HSC requires a large amount of transverse reinforcement to maintain adequate ductility, which leads to severe congestion in …
Predicting Horizontal Pressure In 2-Stage Mse Structures, Thomas Patrick Taylor
Predicting Horizontal Pressure In 2-Stage Mse Structures, Thomas Patrick Taylor
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
Mechanically Stabilized Earth (MSE) structures have been successfully used in the United States as embankment support structures for heavy highway transportation projects since 1972. On project sites that have poor foundations and where large settlements are predicated a variation of MSE called 2-Stage MSE is utilized. As the name suggests, 2-Stage structures are constructed in two stages. Stage-1 consists of constructing a flexible faced MSE structure and Stage-2 consists of attaching a veneer to the face of the Stage-1 structure. The Stage-1 and Stage-2 structures are separated by a short distance forming a cavity that is filled with granular material. …
Experimental Evaluation Of Frp Strengthened Concrete Bridge Girders, Rakesh B. Jayanna
Experimental Evaluation Of Frp Strengthened Concrete Bridge Girders, Rakesh B. Jayanna
Civil Engineering Theses - Archive
This report presents the details of research study on the use of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers (CFRP) sheets to strengthen the Pre-stressed concrete TxDOT Tx-28 bridge girders in flexure and shear. Four girders were subjected to destructive test in this research. First girder as control specimen without any CFRP applied on it, Second and third girders were flexural strengthened for one and two layers of CFRP and the forth girder is shear strengthened with one layer CFRP. Experimental phases along with the comparison of test results in terms of flexural and shear capacity of bridge girders, strains and deflections are …