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Articles 421 - 450 of 699

Full-Text Articles in Civil and Environmental Engineering

Enhanced Viscoelastic Modeling Of Hot Mix Asphalt, Tito P. Nyamuhokya Jan 2015

Enhanced Viscoelastic Modeling Of Hot Mix Asphalt, Tito P. Nyamuhokya

Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive

The primary objective of this research is to investigate the relationships between Compressive (CDM) and Tensile Dynamic Moduli (TDM) of Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) and develop a material model that predicts tensile dynamic modulus from known compressive dynamic modulus. Moreover, the research develops an enhanced visco-hyper-elastic Finite element model that incorporates both CDM and computed TDM to predict the structural response of a perpetual pavement structure subjected to wheel loading. In the laboratory, the Compressive and Tensile Dynamic Modulus parallel to the direction of compaction and Tensile dynamic modulus perpendicular to the direction of compaction were determined at different temperature …

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Effect Of Termite Gut Microbe Tav5 On Methane Production From Municipal Solid Waste Degradation, Hoda Rahimi Jan 2015

Effect Of Termite Gut Microbe Tav5 On Methane Production From Municipal Solid Waste Degradation, Hoda Rahimi

Civil Engineering Theses - Archive

Methane from anaerobic processes is being increasingly utilized as an alternative energy source in developed countries, via large projects that extract methane from landfills or wastewater treatment plants. Anaerobic degradation of organic material (biomass) involves decomposition by bacteria under humid conditions without any oxygen. Organic carbon deposited in landfills is converted by microbes to carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4). If the methane is not captured, it contributes to climate change (25 times more effectively than CO2 on a per-mass basis). If the methane is captured, it can be used as a renewable energy resource. Lignocellulose comprises a significant portion …

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A New Technique For The Estimation Of The Elastic Moduli Of Pavement Layers From Light Weight Deflectometer Data, Nickey Akbariyeh Jan 2015

A New Technique For The Estimation Of The Elastic Moduli Of Pavement Layers From Light Weight Deflectometer Data, Nickey Akbariyeh

Civil Engineering Theses - Archive

This study developed a method to estimate the elastic moduli of a flexible pavement system from Light Weight Deflectometer deflection data. The forward method (simple equations) can be easily programmed into the data acquisition device of the Light Weight Deflectometers. The equations can be of a primary assistance in the evaluation of the flexible pavement structures. The method is simple and it eliminates the need for the backcalculation procedure after the LWD test. The pavement systems considered in this study are composed of 2 to 4 inches of the asphalt concrete wearing layer and 4 to 8 inches of compacted …

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Potential Applicability Of Stress Wave Velocity Method On Pavement Base Materials As A Non-Destructive Testing Technique, Masrur Mahedi Jan 2015

Potential Applicability Of Stress Wave Velocity Method On Pavement Base Materials As A Non-Destructive Testing Technique, Masrur Mahedi

Civil Engineering Theses - Archive

Aggregates derived from natural sources have been used traditionally as the pavement base materials. But in recent times, the extraction of these natural aggregates has be-come more labor intensive and costly due to resource depletion and environmental concerns. Thus, the uses of recycled aggregates as the supplementary of natural aggregates are increasing considerably in pavement construction. Use of recycled aggregates such as recycled crushed concrete (RCA) and recycled asphalt pavement (RAP) reduces the rate of natural resource depletion, construction debris and cost. Although recycled aggregates could be used as a viable alternative of conventional base materials, strength characteristics and product …

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Fatigue Life Assessment Of A Critical Field Welded Connection On A Temporary Railway Bridge Span, Curtis Heinsen Jan 2015

Fatigue Life Assessment Of A Critical Field Welded Connection On A Temporary Railway Bridge Span, Curtis Heinsen

Civil Engineering Theses - Archive

There is a need in the railway industry for a flexible solution to the problem of service interruptions due to impacts on railway bridges from highway and other vehicle traffic. One such solution is the placement of a temporary span that can be used on multiple substructure types and configurations and can be quickly assembled from a kit of available parts. In order to minimize the erection time and maximize the span flexibility such a span could utilize welded connections in place of bolted connections throughout the structure. These connections would be vulnerable to fatigue failure which has been shown …

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Factors Influencing The Microbial Calcium Carbonate Precipitation Performance In Sands, Naga Venkata Prasanna Kumar Velpuri Jan 2015

Factors Influencing The Microbial Calcium Carbonate Precipitation Performance In Sands, Naga Venkata Prasanna Kumar Velpuri

Civil Engineering Theses - Archive

Microbial induced calcium carbonate precipitation is relatively a new ground improvement technique for geotechnical engineers. This technique uses non-pathogenic organisms that are found naturally in soil environment to cement sand particles together at their contacts. This thesis describes the influence of various factors on cementation of MICP-treated soil catalyzed by bacteria and urease from an experimental study. Some of these factors include number of nutrient cycles, concentration of calcium chloride solutions, number of injections and particle size. Finally the objective of my research is to have a better understanding about the effects of various parameters on the biological cementation. Ottawa …

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Testing, Analysis And Classification Of No-Dig Manhole Rehabilitation Materials, Alimohammad Entezarmahdi Jan 2015

Testing, Analysis And Classification Of No-Dig Manhole Rehabilitation Materials, Alimohammad Entezarmahdi

Civil Engineering Theses - Archive

Gravity flow wastewater collection systems are comprised of sewer pipes and manholes. Failure of a manhole may have catastrophic consequences such as developing a sinkhole in the street and roadway, and at a minimum, wastewater flow will be blocked and stream of the manhole will backup causing a sanitary sewer overflow (SSO). Improving structural conditions of a manhole is critical to minimize these types of failures. This thesis considers the impact of several lining materials including cement mortar, epoxy, polyurethane, cured-in-place composites, and a multi- layer structure material on increasing the structural capabilities of deteriorated manholes. The tasks included in …

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Development Of The Duplicate Shear Test For Asphalt Mixtures, Mohammadreza Khajeh Hosseini Jan 2015

Development Of The Duplicate Shear Test For Asphalt Mixtures, Mohammadreza Khajeh Hosseini

Civil Engineering Theses - Archive

Permanent shear deformation is the main cause of rutting in asphalt concrete layers. Therefore, the determination of the shear properties of asphalt mixtures is helpful for predicting the rutting in asphalt pavement structures and for the identification of poor performing asphalt mixtures. The objective of this study was to develop a new test device to replicate similar loading conditions and constraints of the Superpave Shear Tester (SST). The new device, named the Double Shear Tester (DST), determines the mechanical average of the shear properties and responses of two specimens instead of that of a single specimen as in the SST …

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Is Service-Learning Worth It?: A Mixed-Methods Study Of Faculty’S Service-Learning Experiences, Joan M. Blakey, Shirley Theriot, Mary Cazzell, Melanie L. Sattler Jan 2015

Is Service-Learning Worth It?: A Mixed-Methods Study Of Faculty’S Service-Learning Experiences, Joan M. Blakey, Shirley Theriot, Mary Cazzell, Melanie L. Sattler

Civil Engineering Faculty Publications - Archive

Service-learning benefits students, communities, institutions of higher learning, and faculty. Most studies have focused on the impact of service-learning on students; however, there is a dearth of mixed-methods research examining faculty use of service-learning. Using a two-phase, exploratory, mixed-methods design, the purpose of this study was to understand the factors that influenced 24 faculty fellows’ engagement with service-learning. The qualitative component examined four faculty’s in-depth experiences with service-learning to understand the meaning they assigned to those experiences and to identify key themes that affected engagement. The quantitative phase of the study explored the extent to which 20 additional faculty fellows’ …

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Development Of A Simplified Flexible Pavement Design Protocol For New York State Department Of Transportation Based On Aashto Me Pavement Design Guide, Ali Qays Abdullah Jan 2015

Development Of A Simplified Flexible Pavement Design Protocol For New York State Department Of Transportation Based On Aashto Me Pavement Design Guide, Ali Qays Abdullah

Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive

New York State Department of Transportation (NYSDOT) has used the AASHTO 1993 Design Guide for the design of new flexible pavement structures for more than three decades. The AASHTO 1993 Guide is based on the empirical relationships developed for the data collected in the AASHO Road Test in the early 1960's. A newer pavement design method, called the Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG) was developed by the National Cooperative Highway Research Program to provide a more efficient and accurate design method and based on sound engineering principles. The MEPDG models have been incorporated in the AASHTOWare Pavement ME 2.1 software …

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Properties Of Microcement Mortar With Nano Particles, Narasimha Reddy Alimeneti Jan 2015

Properties Of Microcement Mortar With Nano Particles, Narasimha Reddy Alimeneti

Civil Engineering Theses - Archive

Carbon nanotubes (CNT) and Carbon nanofibers (CNF) are one of the toughest and stiffest materials in the world presently with extreme properties yet to be discovered in terms of elastic modulus and tensile strength. Due to the advanced properties of these materials they are being used in almost all fields of science at nanolevel and are being used in construction industry recently for improvement of material properties. Microcement is fine ground cement which as half the particle size of ordinary Portland cement. In this research the behavior of cement mortar of micro cement with the addition of nanoparticles is studied.Due …

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Effect Of Preformed Chloramines And Chlorine To Ammonia Ratio On The Formation Of N-Nitrosodimethylamine (Ndma) In Trwd East Texas Raw Water Delivery System, Khidir Hamad Jan 2015

Effect Of Preformed Chloramines And Chlorine To Ammonia Ratio On The Formation Of N-Nitrosodimethylamine (Ndma) In Trwd East Texas Raw Water Delivery System, Khidir Hamad

Civil Engineering Theses - Archive

Tarrant Regional Water District (TRWD) pumps untreated raw water from Richland Chambers and Cedar Creek reservoirs in East Texas to provide water to several customer cities including Arlington and Fort Worth. TRWD adds chloramines to the pipeline to combat biofilm growth, that reduces pipeline capacity and increases pumping costs, and to control zebra mussels, that clog intake structure screens and the pump wet wells. However, addition of chloramines leads to the formation of N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), a potent carcinogen, by reaction of chloramines with nitrogenous organic precursors possibly present in the raw water. NDMA formation presents a challenge to TRWD because …

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Fate Of Bulk Hypochlorite Solutions In Two Water Treatment Facilities, Anna Breytus Jan 2015

Fate Of Bulk Hypochlorite Solutions In Two Water Treatment Facilities, Anna Breytus

Civil Engineering Theses - Archive

Measurement of oxyhalides in various strength hypochlorite solutions has been an issue of importance in the last decade, especially in view of the current aim of Homeland Security to reduce the usage of chlorine gas. Hypochlorite solutions have a potential of introducing disinfection by-products when used for water treatment. Previous works have shown the possibility of high levels of chlorate and perchlorate in high strength hypochlorite solutions. Perchlorate is an endocrine disruptor that inhibits iodide intake by the thyroid, thus reducing the production of essential thyroid hormones. Chlorate also has several adverse effects on the blood and thyroid systems. Perchlorate …

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Quantitative Non-Destructive Evaluation Of Rebar Diameter And Corrosion Damage In Concrete Using Ground Penetrating Radar, Md Istiaque Hasan Jan 2015

Quantitative Non-Destructive Evaluation Of Rebar Diameter And Corrosion Damage In Concrete Using Ground Penetrating Radar, Md Istiaque Hasan

Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive

The purpose of this study is to develop new methods for quantitative estimation of rebar diameter and loss of area of rebar due to corrosion using Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR). The existing methods of determining the rebar diameter using GPR are not accurate and the existing methods for evaluating corrosion using GPR are qualitative. The study included in this dissertation uses a 2.6 GHz antenna to estimate the diameter of rebar using two different approaches. The approaches use digital image processing of GPR ragargrams and maximum normalized reflection amplitude form the rebar to estimate the diameter. A novel method to …

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Discrete Element Modeling Of Geogrid Reinforced Granular Media, Asheesh Pradhan Jan 2015

Discrete Element Modeling Of Geogrid Reinforced Granular Media, Asheesh Pradhan

Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive

Geogrids have proven to be economical solution in improving ground conditions for construction in foundations, retaining walls, railway tracks, and pavements. Hence researchers have started studying the geogrid reinforcement in detail to understand the working of geogrid and parameters affecting it. Following the advent of faster computers and efficient algorithms researcher have started using discrete element method (DEM) to study geogrid reinforcement since DEM provides particulate level of interaction and understanding and is the closest resemblance of the physical phenomenon. However, the research works are widely spread lacking comprehensive review of factors that can affect such models. This research studies …

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Study Of The Effect Of Wind Speed On Evaporation From Soil Through Integrated Modeling Of The Atmospheric Boundary Layer And Shallow Subsurface, Hossein Davarzani, Kathleen Smits, Ryan M. T Tolene, Tissa Illangasekare Jan 2014

Study Of The Effect Of Wind Speed On Evaporation From Soil Through Integrated Modeling Of The Atmospheric Boundary Layer And Shallow Subsurface, Hossein Davarzani, Kathleen Smits, Ryan M. T Tolene, Tissa Illangasekare

Civil Engineering Faculty Publications - Archive

In an effort to develop methods based on integrating the subsurface to the atmospheric boundary layer to estimate evaporation, we developed a model based on the coupling of Navier-Stokes free flow and Darcy flow in porous medium. The model was tested using experimental data to study the effect of wind speed on evaporation. The model consists of the coupled equations of mass conservation for two-phase flow in porous medium with single-phase flow in the free-flow domain under nonisothermal, nonequilibrium phase change conditions. In this model, the evaporation rate and soil surface temperature and relative humidity at the interface come directly …

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A Refined Approach To Identifying And Quantifying Clay And Non -Clay Minerals In Expansive Soils, Spoorthi Reballi Jan 2014

A Refined Approach To Identifying And Quantifying Clay And Non -Clay Minerals In Expansive Soils, Spoorthi Reballi

Civil Engineering Theses - Archive

Expansive soils exhibit substantial swelling and shrinkage due to moisture fluctuations. Predicting this volume change behavior of expansive soils has been a major challenge to the engineers in the past few years. One of the factors which play a vital role in understanding the behavior of the expansive soils is mineralogy. Chittoori (2008) had developed three models to quantify the clay minerals using Microsoft Excel Solver, Regression Equations and Artificial Neural networks. The major assumption is that the soil has only three mineral Montmorillonite, Kaolinite and Illite. But the amorphous contents like quartz and feldspar were not taken in to …

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Comparison Of Prestressed Concrete Girders With Debonded Strands And Harped Strands, Carmen Diaz-Caneja Nieto Jan 2014

Comparison Of Prestressed Concrete Girders With Debonded Strands And Harped Strands, Carmen Diaz-Caneja Nieto

Civil Engineering Theses - Archive

TxDOT standards follow a design that uses depressed strands for the prestressed concrete I-Girders. A new design criteria using debonded strands for prestressed concrete girders that is widely used in Europe is being introduced in Texas. This new design has been proven to be effective and faster to construct since the strands don't need to be harped. The Lyndon B. Johnson (LBJ) Express construction project was located on I-35 and I-635 in North Dallas Texas and required placement of approximately 7,000 girders to complete this extensive project. A typical girder utilized in this project is the Tx54 with a span …

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The Impact Of Lime Dosage On Odor Reduction Of Biosolids, Arash Abri Jan 2014

The Impact Of Lime Dosage On Odor Reduction Of Biosolids, Arash Abri

Civil Engineering Theses - Archive

The amount of boisolids production is increasing due to developing cities and the mitigation of biosolids odorants is a key role to have a successful biosolids land application program. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of lime stabilization on odor reduction of bio-solids and determine the optimum percentage of lime for each major odor compound and the overall target lime dose in terms of priority and importance of odorants. the Village Creek Water Reclamation Facility (VCWRF) was chosen to supply limed dewatered solids because of having complaints about the odor of biosolids in neighborhood. 5%, 10%, …

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Group Resistance Of Recycled Plastic Pin In Sustainable Slope Stabilization, Mohammad Rezaul Haque Bhuiyan Jan 2014

Group Resistance Of Recycled Plastic Pin In Sustainable Slope Stabilization, Mohammad Rezaul Haque Bhuiyan

Civil Engineering Theses - Archive

Slope failure is a common phenomenon in areas with slope constructed on high plasticity clay and shallow slope failure is predominant in North Texas. The cumulative maintenance cost of minor slides is equal or greater than major landslides. But, cost associated with post failure maintenance can be reduced significantly if an appropriate stabilization method is adopted. Thus, selection of appropriate and economically viable slope stabilization method has got great importance for the geotechnical engineers. Recently, a new approach of shallow slope stabilization technique is introduced using Recycled Plastic Pin (RPP). RPP used in shallow slope stabilization should pass beyond the …

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Role Of Coarse Soil Fraction On Resilient Moduli Properties Of Clayey Soil, Chatuphat Savigamin Jan 2014

Role Of Coarse Soil Fraction On Resilient Moduli Properties Of Clayey Soil, Chatuphat Savigamin

Civil Engineering Theses - Archive

As one of the major methods of soil stabilization used in the present, mechanical stabilization improves a native soil by admixing a coarse and/or fine material. This method of soil stabilization aims to reach a composition in which coarser particles form the skeleton and the surrounding space is filled with fine grains. As a result, higher soil strength can be achieved. To study the soil strength improvement behavior, resilient modulus and unconfined compressive strength are used as evaluation parameters in this research. Since the present research focuses on subgrade soils, Dallas clay was selected as a reference clayey soil representing …

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Comparison Of The Installation Of Strand With Steel Bar Tendons In Anchored Drilled Shaft Wall, Inigo Azofra Arrizabalaga Jan 2014

Comparison Of The Installation Of Strand With Steel Bar Tendons In Anchored Drilled Shaft Wall, Inigo Azofra Arrizabalaga

Civil Engineering Theses - Archive

Anchored drilled shaft walls are common in construction nowadays in the U.S. The use of either strand tendons or steel bar tendons as anchors in construction is approved. However, there is no information from a construction standpoint, of what type of tendon fits better depending on the field conditions or the project requirements. Nor is there any study reflecting the construction process and sequence of this type of retaining wall depending on the type of tendon. This research will evaluate different consequences of the selection of the type of tendon. It will analyze the design aspects, construction scheduling, construction costs, …

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Condition Assessment Of Fiber Reinforced Polymer Strengthening Of Bridge Components, Hemachand Pallempati Jan 2014

Condition Assessment Of Fiber Reinforced Polymer Strengthening Of Bridge Components, Hemachand Pallempati

Civil Engineering Theses - Archive

Fiber Reinforced Polymers (FRP) is a newly developed composite type of material which have many advantages over conventional materials (concrete and steel) like light weight, non-corrosive nature, design flexibility and quick installation. Due to its superior thermo-mechanical properties, it has emerged as one of the best economical method to strengthen and repair reinforced concrete bridges that were damaged each year due to various reasons like structural deterioration over time, fire accidents, corrosion of steel reinforcement and over height vehicle collision. This research aims to evaluate the long term performance of FRP strengthened bridge components with the help of Pull-Off tests. …

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Development Of A Database And Selection Model For Optimum Retaining Wall Construction, Cost And Production, Fernando Pizarro Quintanar Jan 2014

Development Of A Database And Selection Model For Optimum Retaining Wall Construction, Cost And Production, Fernando Pizarro Quintanar

Civil Engineering Theses - Archive

Retaining walls are earth retention elements that result essential in the majority of the construction projects for the overall project performance, as well as its budget and schedule. These elements constitute a key role in urban development, industrial facilities and civil projects as evidenced by the more than 170 million of square feet being constructed per year in the United States. The current market conditions, as well as the advances in the technology and knowledge associated to these elements, determine the need for accurate decision making processes that lead to optimum retaining walls in terms of applicability, cost and production …

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Adsorption Of Metals In Flu-Gas Desulfurization Wastewater By Iron-Impergnated Activated Carbon, Manjira Kudaravalli Jan 2014

Adsorption Of Metals In Flu-Gas Desulfurization Wastewater By Iron-Impergnated Activated Carbon, Manjira Kudaravalli

Civil Engineering Theses - Archive

The combustion of coal releases flue gases into the atmosphere. The flue gas has very high concentrations of Sox. Flue gas desulfurization technologies are installed in almost all the coal fired power plants to treat the flue gas and to reduce the sulfur dioxide emissions. Sulfur dioxide emissions cause serious impacts on environment and also the human health. Studies on the FGD technologies reveal that, wet FGD technology is used more extensively to treat the Flue gas, as it cost efficient and also the reduction efficiencies are very high. Despite the treatment process available for treating the FGD wastewater, achieving …

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Effects Of Corn Mill Waste On Municipal Solid Waste Degradation In Bioreactor Landfills, Dipta Mitra Joy Jan 2014

Effects Of Corn Mill Waste On Municipal Solid Waste Degradation In Bioreactor Landfills, Dipta Mitra Joy

Civil Engineering Theses - Archive

The Enhanced Leachate Recirculation (ELR) landfills is a sustainable disposal system of waste which facilitates faster degradation of waste, more gas generation in a short period of time, rapid waste stabilization along with energy recovery. The decomposition of waste largely depends on heterogeneity of landfilled waste composition, leachate recirculation, rainfall, and several other factors like recirculate leachate composition, ambient temperature etc. Various researches have been conducted on landfill behavior subjected to various waste composition and conditions.Corn Mill Waste, a crop residue and a refuse from corn milling industries, is a major source of crop waste in US. A significant amount …

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Settlement Analysis Of Drilled Shaft Foundation On Natural And Lime-Treated Compressible Clayey Soil, Abdusemed Kemal Ali Jan 2014

Settlement Analysis Of Drilled Shaft Foundation On Natural And Lime-Treated Compressible Clayey Soil, Abdusemed Kemal Ali

Civil Engineering Theses - Archive

Drilled shaft foundations are primarily used to support structures such as bridge piers, buildings, and transmission towers. The main advantage of a drilled shaft foundation is that it transfers loads to the stronger subsoil layers or rock strata lying underneath, giving maximum bearing capacity to the overlying structure.This goal of this research is to load bearing capacity of a drilled shaft on both treated and untreated compressible soil. In this study, both analytical and numerical studies were conducted to investigate the effect of lime treatment on the settlement of the drilled shaft. Extensive literature study was conducted on analysis of …

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Variability Of As-Constructed Properties Of Hma And Their Relation To Pay Factors And Rutting Resistance: A Case Study, Rosario Tripiana Martinez Jan 2014

Variability Of As-Constructed Properties Of Hma And Their Relation To Pay Factors And Rutting Resistance: A Case Study, Rosario Tripiana Martinez

Civil Engineering Theses - Archive

During the last decade, Texas has under gone a huge reconstruction of its major and strategic highways in order to improve transportation and prepare for future population and traffic growth. The population is estimated to increase by 50% for 2035 for the North Texas Area.Some of those highway reconstruction projects have asphalt pavements, and they utilize significant quantities of asphalt concrete. This study compiles the test results of As-Constructed properties for asphalt mixes for four different projects built in Texas. This data was statistically analyzed to obtain information on the variability of As-Constructed properties and study the effect of the …

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Evaluation Of The Performance Of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete Pipes Produced By Packerhead Method, Abdelaziz Mohsen Jan 2014

Evaluation Of The Performance Of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete Pipes Produced By Packerhead Method, Abdelaziz Mohsen

Civil Engineering Theses - Archive

This research aimed at evaluating the use of Dramix RC 65/35 CN steel fiber as an alternative to the conventional reinforcement in concrete pipes. The performance of steel fiber reinforced concrete pipes produced by Packerhead pipe production machine was evaluated through an experimental testing of steel fiber reinforced concrete pipes with diameters from 18 to 36 in and different steel fiber dosages.Three-edge bearing tests were carried out according to the ASTM C497 to determine the strength class of each case of pipes. For more detailed image of the tested pipes' performance, load-deflection data were acquired and plots were made to …

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Rainfall Induced Distress In Low Volume Pavements, Mahsa Hedayati Jan 2014

Rainfall Induced Distress In Low Volume Pavements, Mahsa Hedayati

Civil Engineering Dissertations - Archive

Annual expenses of distresses caused by volume change of expansive soils induce significant financial burden on maintenance authorities. The problems occur as the expansive soils within the unsaturated zone of the soil experience variation in moisture content. Swelling and shrinkage of the soils causes structural cracks, malfunction of piping and irrigation systems and loss of support for ground slabs. Due to their low stiffness, light loading and extensive construction, pavements are particularly vulnerable to the effects of expansive soils. Accurate understanding of behavior of expansive subgrade, interaction of subgrade pavement structure and incorporation of the results in design processes can …

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