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Articles 5221 - 5250 of 7869

Full-Text Articles in Civil and Environmental Engineering

Foundation Soil Preparation For Landfills In Karst Terrain, Kou-Roung Chang, John Carter Jun 1993

Foundation Soil Preparation For Landfills In Karst Terrain, Kou-Roung Chang, John Carter

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Stabilizing sand-filled solution chimneys in karst terrain for the construction of sanitary landfills is challenging for geotechnical engineers. A ground water contamination assessment conducted at a sanitary landfill in north central Florida indicated that landfill leachate was contaminating the Floridian Aquifer. To expand the landfill, the Florida Department of Environmental Regulation (FDER) required that a liner system be constructed and that stringent landfill subgrade preparation be performed to minimize the potential for sinkhole formation and subsequent damage to the liner system. To meet the requirements, the following foundation soil preparations were performed: (1) prerolling the subgrade with vibratory rollers, (2) …

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Instrumented Caissons At The Ibm Building, Baltimore, S. Kesavanathan, D. W. Kozera Jun 1993

Instrumented Caissons At The Ibm Building, Baltimore, S. Kesavanathan, D. W. Kozera

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Two of the caissons supporting the 26-story IBM office building were instrumented to evaluate the load transfer mechanism from caissons to the surrounding soil and rock. These drilled shafts extended through loose alluvial stratum, a stratum of dense sands and silts, a disintegrated rock stratum, and were founded in the underlying Amphibolite bedrock. Evaluation of mobilized skin friction and end bearing for one of the caissons are presented in this study. Instrumentation consisted of vibrating wire total load cells and embedded strain gauges. Total load cells were installed at the bottom of the caissons to measure the end bearing pressure. …

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Behavior Of Direct Tower Foundation On Improved Soil, F. Colleselli, P. Varagnolo Jun 1993

Behavior Of Direct Tower Foundation On Improved Soil, F. Colleselli, P. Varagnolo

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The paper presents the foundation behaviour of a 146-m telecommunications tower situated near Verona in Italy, with foundation soils characterized as a thick deposit of alluvial gravels and sands. In order to limit total and differential settlements of the tower it was decided to improve the foundation soil with jet-grouting columns. Predictions on the behaviour of the structure and the foundation soil were performed with an axisymmetric finite-element model adopting an elastic linear constitutive law. Soil moduli were obtained from the results of a cross-hole test and from Standard Penetration Tests; jet-grouting columns behaviour was estimated from load and borehole …

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Structural And Functional Distress Due To Slag Expansion, E. M. Morales Jun 1993

Structural And Functional Distress Due To Slag Expansion, E. M. Morales

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Cracking and heaving of a Single Storey R.C. Building was initially perceived as settlement. This error led to unnecessary and costly remedial measures such as Piling for the Phase ll Building which further aggravated the problem. The heaving was caused by a seemingly innocent decision during the construction stage to use Slag from a steel mill as the base course material. This Slag reacted with the highly corrosive groundwater which caused heaving of the Building and discomfort and morale problems to the Building occupants. Careful engineering study and investigation resulted in a very simple solution which saved the Building from …

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The Impact Of Rising Ground Water Level On The Geotechnical Behavior Of Soil In Hot Climate Regions, A. S. Stipho Jun 1993

The Impact Of Rising Ground Water Level On The Geotechnical Behavior Of Soil In Hot Climate Regions, A. S. Stipho

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The continuous development and industrial changes in Saudi Arabia necessitates large ground water exploitation and brought about significant changes to the ground water regime. The alarming evidence of rising shallow ground water level and the widespread structural problems have mitigate the extra demand to develop special geotechnical awareness, standard testing and designing procedures to minimize the impact of wetting on soil behavior in the hot climate region. Field and laboratory test results on typical soil samples have established the influence of rising moisture and exemplified the adverse levels of collapse manifested by the large reduction in shearing strength and the …

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Drilled Pier Load Capacity Of Detroit Area Hardpan Using An Overberg Load Cell, L. P. Jedele, T. H. Bedenis Jun 1993

Drilled Pier Load Capacity Of Detroit Area Hardpan Using An Overberg Load Cell, L. P. Jedele, T. H. Bedenis

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Supplemental geotechnical investigations were conducted on two Detroit area projects with the purpose of optimizing design criteria for proposed drilled pier foundations. For both projects, the major effort involved the formulation, implementation and interpretation of a load test using an Osterberg load cell rather than conventional dead weight or reaction piers. Load and settlement trends were monitored with a series of strain gauges and telltales. Field data are presented in graphical form to illustrate the results of the load tests.

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Modified Cover System For Hazardous Waste Landfills In Semi-Arid Areas, S. Dutta Jun 1993

Modified Cover System For Hazardous Waste Landfills In Semi-Arid Areas, S. Dutta

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Flawless installation of conventional clay cover system in semi-arid areas is almost an impossibility. Cracks and microfractures in clay cover system leading to high seepage and plume migration has been experienced by many landfills in semi-arid areas. A modified cover system developed by the author at Tinker Air Force Base, Oklahoma is designed to overcome the leakage effect by using manufactured clay liners in combination with a thin cushion of clay layer. Another major disadvantage of the conventional clay cover system is the mounding effect of the cover system and the resulting capture and conversion of the contiguous clean and …

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Damage Patterns/Response Of Deep Stiff Clay In Oakland, Joseph I. Sun, Susan W. Chang, Jonathan D. Bray, Lelio H. Mejia Jun 1993

Damage Patterns/Response Of Deep Stiff Clay In Oakland, Joseph I. Sun, Susan W. Chang, Jonathan D. Bray, Lelio H. Mejia

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The 1985 Mexico City earthquake and the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake provided well-documented evidence of the effect of local ground conditions on site response and damage patterns. Deep soft clay deposits, in particular, were often cited as the "culprit" of amplified ground motions. However, during the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake, ground accelerations in the downtown Oakland area were amplified by a factor of two to four and a significant number of structures were heavily damaged, despite the fact that much of the area is underlain by deposits of deep stiff clay. A preliminary review of damage patterns in the Oakland …

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Geotechnical Aspects On Seismic Risk Assessment In Cusco, Peru, M. A. Candia-Gallegos, K. F. Sprenke, J. C. Perez Jun 1993

Geotechnical Aspects On Seismic Risk Assessment In Cusco, Peru, M. A. Candia-Gallegos, K. F. Sprenke, J. C. Perez

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Results from many efforts to better understand the nature of ground motions and the seismic behavior or structures in Cusco, Peru, give now the possibility to combine several sources of information to produce estimates of seismic hazard and risk. A model is presented which estimates expected damage, based on geotechnical characteristics and intensity-damage relations derived for several types of buildings representative of Cusco’s constructions. The study area was divided into smaller sections covering the whole city. This information, along with the geographic distribution of soil types and construction density, allows computation of expected losses during a given event for sites …

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Liquefaction Risk Mitigation — Manchester Airport, J. M. Sobol, J. I. Baez, F. J. Swekosky Jun 1993

Liquefaction Risk Mitigation — Manchester Airport, J. M. Sobol, J. I. Baez, F. J. Swekosky

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Densification of loose sandy soil by Vibroflotation was designed and constructed to mitigate the risk of seismically-induced liquefaction for the proposed 15,000 square meter terminal building. The analyses of the geotechnical data and the design of the densification based upon specified parameters is reported. Field installation methods and post-densification results are discussed.

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Soil Response During The 1988 Armenia Earthquake, M. K. Yegian, V. G. Ghahraman, G. Gazetas Jun 1993

Soil Response During The 1988 Armenia Earthquake, M. K. Yegian, V. G. Ghahraman, G. Gazetas

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Building damage statistics from the 1988 Armenia earthquake are presented and discussed. These statistics are correlated to the local soil profiles in the two major cities of Leninakan and Kirovakan. The soil amplification effects on building damage during this earthquake are investigated. One-dimensional site response analysis results and valley effects are presented to explain the extent and pattern of damage in the two cities.

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Negative Skin Friction In Piles And Design Decisions, M. T. Davisson Jun 1993

Negative Skin Friction In Piles And Design Decisions, M. T. Davisson

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Negative skin friction behavior of pile foundations is described for conditions of pile usage in the USA. Methods of determining downdrag load and pile resistance to downdrag are explained. Other factors entering into design are discussed such as pile load testing and analysis, pile structural strength, factors of safety, pile drivability, and reduction of downdrag loads. Observations from seven unpublished negative skin friction failures are used for illustration.

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Seismic Response Of The Pile Foundation Of Ohba-Ohashi Bridge, George Gazetas, Takashi Tazoh, Katsumi Shimizu, Ke Fan Jun 1993

Seismic Response Of The Pile Foundation Of Ohba-Ohashi Bridge, George Gazetas, Takashi Tazoh, Katsumi Shimizu, Ke Fan

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The paper outlines the recorded response to numerous earthquakes of the pile foundation, the supporting soil, and the superstructure of the main pier of a road bridge. The records include free-field accelerograms at the ground surface and the base of the alluvial deposit, accelerograms on the footing and the superstructure, and the bending and axial strain histories at several depths along two of the sixty-four piles. Recently developed methods of seismic analysis are used in interpreting the recorded data. Extensive comparisons are made between theory and measurements. Successes and failures of the theory are discussed. Emphasis is given to the …

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Conference Snapshots, Multiple People Jun 1993

Conference Snapshots, Multiple People

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

No abstract provided.

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Authors And Discussors Index, Multiple Authors Jun 1993

Authors And Discussors Index, Multiple Authors

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

No abstract provided.

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Steering Committee; Organizing Committee; Paper Review Committee, Multiple Members Jun 1993

Steering Committee; Organizing Committee; Paper Review Committee, Multiple Members

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

No abstract provided.

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Disclaimer And Preface - Vol. Iii, Shamsher Prakash Jun 1993

Disclaimer And Preface - Vol. Iii, Shamsher Prakash

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

No abstract provided.

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Disclaimer And Preface - Vol. I, Shamsher Prakash Jun 1993

Disclaimer And Preface - Vol. I, Shamsher Prakash

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

No abstract provided.

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Disclaimer And Preface - Vol. Ii, Shamsher Prakash Jun 1993

Disclaimer And Preface - Vol. Ii, Shamsher Prakash

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

No abstract provided.

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Table Of Contents - Vol. Iii, Multiple Authors Jun 1993

Table Of Contents - Vol. Iii, Multiple Authors

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

No abstract provided.

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Field Trip Report: To View Effect Of An Earthquake That Happened Almost 200 Years Ago, David Stewart Jun 1993

Field Trip Report: To View Effect Of An Earthquake That Happened Almost 200 Years Ago, David Stewart

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

No abstract provided.

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Case Histories Of Pile Foundations In Bombay Region, K. R. Datye, J. R. Patil Jun 1993

Case Histories Of Pile Foundations In Bombay Region, K. R. Datye, J. R. Patil

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Piles in Bombay region are bored cast-in-situ installed by bailor and chisel boring or direct mud circulation with drop chisels. In weak and weathered rock interpretation of core drilling, SPT, CPT, pressuremeter tests are subject to several limitations, hence design parameters based on conventional soil investigation methods are subject to uncertainties. The past practice has been empirical and the designers relied mainly on load tests and failures have occurred in areas subject to considerable variation in rock characteristics and large depth of soft clay overburden. Recently improvements in investigation and design methodology have been introduced based on postulated relations of …

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Case History Of A Bridge Foundation, T. Z. Rao Jun 1993

Case History Of A Bridge Foundation, T. Z. Rao

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

A reinforcement open caisson of a bridge was constructed on a sand island. Its constructing characteristic couldn't been foreseen and were calculated conventionally. Besides, there were some mistaken methods in the constructing. Therefore the open caisson broke up to become 4 blocks in the construction. The largest width in these cracks was 80 cm. Investigation and analysis having been done, the causes of the failure were found. Some repairing methods, such as opposite cutting edge, reinforcement hoop, and so on, adopted. Correct excavation was carried out. The open caisson finally sunk to the rock. The treatment was successful.

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Discussions And Replies Session 1, T. P. Smith, Y. Iwasaki, D. Sielbach, C. Mirza Jun 1993

Discussions And Replies Session 1, T. P. Smith, Y. Iwasaki, D. Sielbach, C. Mirza

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

No abstract provided.

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Eccentric Loading Of Helical PiersTm For Underpinning, Gary Seider Jun 1993

Eccentric Loading Of Helical PiersTm For Underpinning, Gary Seider

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Over the last six years, Helical Piers have been utilized as compression members in the remedial repair of residential and light commercial structures. Current installation techniques create a small offset between the pier shaft and the grade beam or footing being underpinned. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of the eccentric load that is applied to the top of the shaft on the Helical Pier. Three different sizes of piers were installed at a building site where the soil is predominantly clay. Compressive loads were applied, and data was recorded from which bending moments versus depth, …

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Failure Of Buildings Founded On Fills, Iqbal H. Khan, S. M. A. Kazimi Jun 1993

Failure Of Buildings Founded On Fills, Iqbal H. Khan, S. M. A. Kazimi

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

A number of cases have come to light in Delhi recently where partial or total failure of buildings has occurred. Two cases of failures due to excessive settlement are discussed. The nature of distress and the geotechnical factors leading to failures were investigated. It was found that in both cases the foundations were resting on fills, resulting in excessive settlement. Remedial measures were considered and in one case, these have been successfully implemented. A large number of structures were thus rehabilitated.

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Instrumented Load Test On A Bent Pile, P. Dunlop, R. E. Sandiford, D. R. Erali Jun 1993

Instrumented Load Test On A Bent Pile, P. Dunlop, R. E. Sandiford, D. R. Erali

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The load carrying capacity of a bent shell pile in soft silts and clays was determined from an instrumented test. Lateral pile displacements along the pile were measured during loading and unloading using an inclinometer traveling in a plastic casing. Pile capacity was estimated by Johnson's (1962) method prior to the load test and by the STRUDL structural engineering program after performing the load test. Both methods adequately predicted the pile performance. STRUDL, however, accommodated more realistic soil parameter variation and boundary conditions necessary for an integral soil-pile-structure interaction analysis.

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Monitoring Of Load And Distribution In Long Caissons Under 49 Story Structure, W. A. Trow, T. G. Orpwood, R. L. Carrington Jun 1993

Monitoring Of Load And Distribution In Long Caissons Under 49 Story Structure, W. A. Trow, T. G. Orpwood, R. L. Carrington

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

This paper presents the results of settlement and load distribution monitoring carried out during the construction of a 49 storey condominium supported on long end-bearing caissons socketed into shale bedrock. Four caissons were instrumented to determine load distribution within the rock socket. One of these caissons also was instrumented to measure actual load reaching the top and bedrock level of the shaft. As of early March 1992, with the building already topped-off for over 6 months and about 100% of anticipated dead load applied, the settlement appears to consist entirely of elastic compression of the caisson shafts. Although the estimated …

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Performance Of Fill Soils During The Loma Prieta Earthquake, J. D. Frost, F. A. Reyna, J. L. Chameau, P. Karanikolas Jun 1993

Performance Of Fill Soils During The Loma Prieta Earthquake, J. D. Frost, F. A. Reyna, J. L. Chameau, P. Karanikolas

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The results of high quality in situ test results obtained at Hunter's Point Naval Station both before and after the Lorna Prieta earthquake are presented. The interpretation of these tests and the results of subsequent numerical ground motion analyses are validated by the observed response at that site during the event. Data show that densification of the loose fill soils occurred as a result of the seismic activity and corroborate the observed surface deformations.

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Rigid Vs. Flexible Pile Caps: Case Study For 235 M. Delhi T.V. Tower, H. R. Viswanath Jun 1993

Rigid Vs. Flexible Pile Caps: Case Study For 235 M. Delhi T.V. Tower, H. R. Viswanath

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Foundation for the prestigious 235m. Delhi television tower commissioned in 1988 in New Delhi consists of 279 reinforced concrete piles of 500 mm diameter with 1250 KN load carrying capacity. The tower is resting on a circular pile cap 32 m. diameter with an average thickness of 2.5 m. Pile cap was designed assuming full rigid conditions at site. When it was noticed that the pile reinforcement was predominantly anchored to the layers of the pile cap reinforcement, it was apprehended that this arrangement does not ensure complete rigidity as assumed, but it makes it only partially flexible. This paper …

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