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Articles 5041 - 5070 of 7866

Full-Text Articles in Civil and Environmental Engineering

Soil-Pile-Structure During Liquefaction On Centrifuge, Masayoshi Sato, Yasuhiro Shamoto, Jian-Min Zhang Apr 1995

Soil-Pile-Structure During Liquefaction On Centrifuge, Masayoshi Sato, Yasuhiro Shamoto, Jian-Min Zhang

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Larger scale dynamic centrifuge modeling has been used to examine the behavior of a soilpile-structure system during earthquake-induced liquefaction. The model consisting of a 3 x 3-pile supported structure and a saturated sand deposit was constructed in a laminar container with the inside dimensions of 74-cm length, 50-cm height and 34-cm width. Test results show that liquefaction occurred only within a finite zone in the saturated sand deposit subjected to a strong input shaking that corresponds to a maximum earthquake acceleration of 0.3 g induced probably in actual ground, which agrees well with the results of earthquake damage investigation; moreover, …

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Earthquake Input Motions For Physical Model Tests, Gregg L. Fiegel, I. M. Ldriss, Bruce L. Kutter Apr 1995

Earthquake Input Motions For Physical Model Tests, Gregg L. Fiegel, I. M. Ldriss, Bruce L. Kutter

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The results from several dynamic centrifuge experiments are presented in this paper; the experiments were performed as part of a study to assess the influence of local site conditions on earthquake ground motions. Medium dense dry sand and saturated soft clay models were subjected to the accelerogram recorded at Santa Cruz during the 1989 Loma Prieta Earthquake. Scaled versions of the input motion were used to shake the soil models; in addition, different time steps were used in order to study the effects of frequency content of the input motion. The results confirm that the characteristics of the input motion …

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Dynamic Deformation Characteristics Of Rockfill Materials From Laboratory Test, In-Situ Test And Earthquake Motion Analysis, Tomoya Lwashita, Nario Yasuda, Akira Nakamura, Osamu Takeda Apr 1995

Dynamic Deformation Characteristics Of Rockfill Materials From Laboratory Test, In-Situ Test And Earthquake Motion Analysis, Tomoya Lwashita, Nario Yasuda, Akira Nakamura, Osamu Takeda

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

On dynamic analyses of rockfill dams, dynamic deformation characteristics of rockfill materials such as shear moduli and damping ratios must be known to make analysis more accurate. In this study, large-scale cyclic triaxial tests were carried out using rockfill materials of actual dams, and the results were compared with the dynamic deformation characteristics obtained by in-situ geophysical explorations and response analyses of earthquake motions observed at dams. Furthermore, the radiation damping ratio was estimated from response analyses and laboratory tests, and then the frequency and strain dependency characteristics of the radiation damping were evaluated.

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Microconcrete Subjected To Static And Dynamic Compression Loadings, Bassam Hwaija Apr 1995

Microconcrete Subjected To Static And Dynamic Compression Loadings, Bassam Hwaija

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The object of our paper is to consider the influence of the particularly important factor, and to achieve a model describing the behavior of the microconcrete. The specimens have been loaded in rates ranging from 0.0001 to 800 (1/s). The results are discussed available in the literature.

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Dynamic Centrifuge Experiment On A Cantilever Retaining Wall, M. M. Dewoolkar, A. T. Stadler, S. N. Batiste, H. Y. Ko, R. Y. S. Pak Apr 1995

Dynamic Centrifuge Experiment On A Cantilever Retaining Wall, M. M. Dewoolkar, A. T. Stadler, S. N. Batiste, H. Y. Ko, R. Y. S. Pak

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Seismic loads on a tall, cantilever retaining wall were studied using centrifuge modeling. An aluminum wall (55' prototype) retaining dry, cohesionless backfill was subjected to two successive dynamic events. The backfill surface was horizontal and even with the top of the wall. The input motion was supplied via a servo-controlled, electro-hydraulic shake table. The input motion was roughly sinusoidal with peak horizontal accelerations of approximately 0.2g and 0.4g for the first and second dynamic events, respectively. The input motion frequency was 1 hz at prototype scale. Lateral earth pressures on the wall, wall displacement, and accelerations of the wall and …

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Cycle Plate Load Tests On Reinforced Sand, Swami Saran, B. V. K. Lavania, R. K. Sharma Apr 1995

Cycle Plate Load Tests On Reinforced Sand, Swami Saran, B. V. K. Lavania, R. K. Sharma

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

This paper presents a set of results of laboratory scale model footing tests conducted to determine the cyclic load resistance of sand beds reinforced with horizontal sheets of geogrid. The test results indicate that the total settlement decreases and the bearing capacity increases, with the increase in size of reinforcements and number of layers. With the inclusion of reinforcing sheets, ·the coefficient of elastic uniform compression decreases slightly; but this decreased value is valid up to the increased bearing capacity of the reinforced sand bed. There is significant improvement in the damping capacity upon reinforcing the sand bed as indicated …

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Application Of Deep Compaction Techniques To Liquefaction Prevention, G. Armijo, P. Sola, C. Oteo Apr 1995

Application Of Deep Compaction Techniques To Liquefaction Prevention, G. Armijo, P. Sola, C. Oteo

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

This article analyzes the application of dynamic compaction, vibroflotation and vibroreplacement (stone columns) to liquefaction prevention. The ground types to which they can be applied, the depths that can be reached and the degree of improvement that can be obtained are all studied. Finally, and on the basis of the above, basic guidelines are given for the design of ground improvement with these techniques and for the aforementioned purpose.

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Liquefaction Damage Of Sandy And Volcanic Grounds In The 1993 Hokkaido Nansei-Oki Earthquake, S. Miura, K. Yagi, S. Kawamura Apr 1995

Liquefaction Damage Of Sandy And Volcanic Grounds In The 1993 Hokkaido Nansei-Oki Earthquake, S. Miura, K. Yagi, S. Kawamura

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The 1993 Hokkaido Nansei-Oki Earthquake of magnitude 7.8 caused widespread and significant damage in south west area of Hokkaido, Japan. The soil liquefaction was induced at many locations, which resulted in considerable damage to structures, lifelines, and facilities. In order to evaluate their in-situ liquefaction strengths, the site investigation involved the conduct of standard penetration test (SPT) was performed at several key locations. A series of cyclic undrained triaxial tests was also carried out on soil samples taken from liquefied grounds. Test results showed that the mechanism of increase in the liquefaction strength due to the increase in relative density …

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Effect Of The Grain Size On The Energy Per Unit Volume At The Onset Of Liquefaction, J. Ludwig Figueroa, Adel S. Saada, Liqun Liang Apr 1995

Effect Of The Grain Size On The Energy Per Unit Volume At The Onset Of Liquefaction, J. Ludwig Figueroa, Adel S. Saada, Liqun Liang

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Recent exploratory work by the authors indicated the feasibility of relating the development of the pore water pressure leading to liquefaction of soils subjected to earthquake loading to the amount of unit energy imparted to the soil during the dynamic motion. This research also showed that regardless of the mode of stress application, sinusoidal or random, the unit energy needed to initiate liquefaction is nearly constant for a given effective confining stress and a specific relative density, demonstrating that the unit energy is independent of the shear strain amplitude. Data obtained during torsional shear tests on a given soil made …

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Correlation Between Cpt Data And Dynamic Properties Of In Situ Frozen Samples, Y. Suzuki, K. Tokimatsu, Y. Taya, Y. Kubota Apr 1995

Correlation Between Cpt Data And Dynamic Properties Of In Situ Frozen Samples, Y. Suzuki, K. Tokimatsu, Y. Taya, Y. Kubota

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Correlations between cone penetration resistance and liquefaction resistance of sandy soils are examined, based on high quality undisturbed samples obtained by the in situ freezing method. For this purpose, the CPT tests are conducted at six sites where in situ frozen sands with fines contents up to 30 % were sampled and their dynamic properties were determined in the laboratory. The comparison of the CPT data with the soil properties of the in situ frozen samples has shown that: (1) Robertson's soil classification chart performs well for sandy soils in Japan; (2) the CPT qt-value shows a good correlation with …

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Liquefaction Of The Alluvial Soils Of Bangladesh, M. A. Mollah Apr 1995

Liquefaction Of The Alluvial Soils Of Bangladesh, M. A. Mollah

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

In this paper, the potential of the often-saturated sandy soils that occur within the uppermost sub-surface stratigraphy across the Bangladesh plains to experience initial liquefaction due to seismically induced pore water pressure is evaluated. Bore hole logs from development projects were collected. Standard Penetration Test (SPT) values from the drill holes were utilized as the primary data and a widely practiced computational method was employed to estimate the liquefaction potential. The analysis of data indicated that the uppermost portion of the sandy soil layer within 20 m of the surface is loose and sensitive to liquefaction under the influence of …

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An Empirical Formula For Evaluation Of Buildings Settlements Due To Earthquake Liquefaction, Huishan Liu Apr 1995

An Empirical Formula For Evaluation Of Buildings Settlements Due To Earthquake Liquefaction, Huishan Liu

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

In this paper the liquefiable subsoils are divided into two groups: type of liquefiable supporting layer and type of liquefiable underlayer. Based on the observed subsidence data and general tendency got from finite element analysis, an empirical formula for evaluation of subsidences of type of liquefiable supporting layer is suggested. Several important factors' such as earthquake intensity' contact pressure at foundation bottom' and relative density of liquefiable soil are involved in this formula. So the formula seems credible to a certain extent.

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Prediction Of Settlements Of Soft Clay Caused By Earthquakes, Zhou Jian, K. Yasuhara Apr 1995

Prediction Of Settlements Of Soft Clay Caused By Earthquakes, Zhou Jian, K. Yasuhara

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

This paper develops an analytical method for the calculation of the earthquake-induced settlement of foundation by using Biot's type consolidation equation. In order to investigate the effectiveness of the proposed method, a comparison of the numerical result with the observed earthquake-induced settlement on the site at Sendai in Japan caused by the miyagioki earthquake in 1987 will be presented.

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Co-Reporter's Remarks — Session Iii, B. O. Skipp Apr 1995

Co-Reporter's Remarks — Session Iii, B. O. Skipp

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

No abstract provided.

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Discussions And Replies — Session Iii, Multiple Authors Apr 1995

Discussions And Replies — Session Iii, Multiple Authors

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

No abstract provided.

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A Unified Procedure For Earth Pressure Calculations, Ashok K. Chugh Apr 1995

A Unified Procedure For Earth Pressure Calculations, Ashok K. Chugh

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

A unified procedure for calculating active and passive earth pressures on retaining structures for static and seismic (pseudostatic) loading conditions is presented. The procedure is based on the limit equilibrium method, uses the method of slices, and satisfies complete statics. Necessary equations for a typical slice are presented and a solution scheme for solving them is discussed. A sample problem is included to indicate convenience of use of the proposed procedure and accuracy of results obtained. The results are in terms of magnitude, direction, and location of lateral thrust on the wall; however, distribution of earth pressure along the wall …

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Soil Investigation And Fvt Analysis In Hualien Lsst Ssi Research, T. Ueshima, K. Kudo, T. Kokusho, T. Okamoto, Y. Tanaka Apr 1995

Soil Investigation And Fvt Analysis In Hualien Lsst Ssi Research, T. Ueshima, K. Kudo, T. Kokusho, T. Okamoto, Y. Tanaka

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

An international joint research program, Large-Scale Seismic Test (LSST) Program at Hualien, Taiwan, is ongoing, where a large-scale model structure partly embedded in gravelly layer was constructed, in-depth site soil geotechnical investigation was performed at every one of four construction stages, that is, before excavation, after excavation before structure construction, after structure construction before backfill, and after backfill, forced vibration tests (FVTs) of the model structure before backfill (FVT-1) and after backfill (FVT-2) were performed, and seismic observation of the dynamic SSI (soil-structure interaction) system is underway. This paper describes the change of the shear wave velocity (Vs) accompanied by …

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Study Of Seismic Base Isolation Of Bridge Considering Soil Structure Interaction, S. K. Thakkar, Rajesh Maheshwari Apr 1995

Study Of Seismic Base Isolation Of Bridge Considering Soil Structure Interaction, S. K. Thakkar, Rajesh Maheshwari

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

In this paper, a comprehensive study of seismic response of base isolated bridge is made by varying different parameters such as soil stiffness, embedment depth, hydrodynamic pressure and earthquake response spectrum. The object is to determine effect of soil-structure interaction on seismic response when isolation by elastomeric bearing is provided between superstructure and substructure. Elastomeric bearing is seen to be effective in reducing seismic response of substructure on rocky site. The increase in embedment depth also causes reduction in bending moments and shear forces in the substructure. The use of elastomeric bearing in place of Rocker-Roller bearing is seen to …

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Consistent Infinitesimal Finite-Element Cell Method: In-Plane Motion, John P. Wolf, Chongmin Song Apr 1995

Consistent Infinitesimal Finite-Element Cell Method: In-Plane Motion, John P. Wolf, Chongmin Song

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

To calculate the unit-impulse response matrix of an unbounded medium for use in a time-domain analysis of medium-structure interaction, the consistent infinitesimal finite-element cell method is developed. Its derivation is based on the finite-element formulation and on similarity. The limit of the cell width is performed analytically yielding a rigorous representation in the radial direction. The discretization is only performed on the structure-medium interface. Explicit expressions of the coefficient matrices for the in-plane motion of anisotropic material are specified. In contrast to the boundary-element formulation, no fundamental solution is necessary and equilibrium and compatibility on the layer interfaces extending from …

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Seismic Behavior Of A Diaphragm Wall Tank, C. M. Gilbert, A. Laforce, M. A. Baudement Apr 1995

Seismic Behavior Of A Diaphragm Wall Tank, C. M. Gilbert, A. Laforce, M. A. Baudement

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

A buried tank, consisting of unit diaphragm walls with no mechanical connection between them, has been studied under seismic loads. Soil structure interaction analyses, using a visco-elastic model for the soil have been carried out with two- and three dimensional models. A technical solution to ensure the stability of such a tank is proposed.

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Seismic Vibration Of Nuclear Power Station Building, V. G. Bedniakov, S. S. Nefedov, N. S. Shvets Apr 1995

Seismic Vibration Of Nuclear Power Station Building, V. G. Bedniakov, S. S. Nefedov, N. S. Shvets

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Reactor Building is considered as a system with concentrated masses. The movement of the system is described with account of elastic component, shear and rotation of the base relatively foundation. Seismic excitation is described by set of accelerogramms. The equations of movement are solved using complex modal analysis. Natural frequencies are acceleration functions for masses of the system are defined.

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Seismic Design Of Ribbed Foundation Plates, E. B. Koreneva Apr 1995

Seismic Design Of Ribbed Foundation Plates, E. B. Koreneva

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Circular foundation plates of variable thickness reinforced by ring ribs and resting on an elastic subgrade subjected to an action of seismic loads are investigated. Rigorous solutions of the posed problems are obtained.

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Spectral Study Of Soil-Pile-Structure Interaction Based On Observed Data, Fan Lang Kong, Roger Ghanem Apr 1995

Spectral Study Of Soil-Pile-Structure Interaction Based On Observed Data, Fan Lang Kong, Roger Ghanem

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Spectral analysis and system identification algorithm are used to analyze a set of acceleration response records obtained from a shaking table test. The method is based on the linear discrete time systems theory, and the soil-pile system can be represented as a linear filter of a finite order with time-varying coefficients. The recorded ground motion at the pile tip is the input, and the motion at the different level along the pile and the structure is the output of the filter. Knowing the input and output, the time varying parameters of the filter can be determined by using the system …

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Gravel Liquefaction Analysis Of An Embankment Dam, D. Andrew Vessely, Nan Deng Apr 1995

Gravel Liquefaction Analysis Of An Embankment Dam, D. Andrew Vessely, Nan Deng

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Prior to 1970, the majority of earth and rockfill dams were constructed with little regard for earthquake resistant design- especially in the Pacific Northwest which, at that time, was considered an area of low to moderate seismic activity. Since the early 1970's, and in particular since the near-catastrophic failure of the Lower San Fernando Dam in 1971, the vulnerability of hydraulic fill dams to pore pressure build-up and loss of strength as a result of earthquake shaking is well documented. In contrast, very few case histories exist on the liquefaction susceptibility of saturated gravel filters in zoned embankments. This paper …

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Elasto-Plastic Seismic Response Analysis Of Earth Dams, A. N. Yiagos Apr 1995

Elasto-Plastic Seismic Response Analysis Of Earth Dams, A. N. Yiagos

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

A simplified and efficient numerical model is developed to perform the phenomenological elasto-plastic seismic response analysis of earth dams. The method is based on a two-dimensional Galerkin formulation of the equations of motion for the dam material, and accounts for the presence of water inside the dam. The soil skeleton nonlinear hysteretic response is modelled using an effective stress multi-yield function elasto-plastic constitutive model. The model is validated using actual transient ground motions as input and the computed responses are compared with the motions recorded at the respective sites. The ability of the model to simulate the occurrence of liquefaction …

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Evaluation Of Earthquake-Induced Slope Displacements, S. Salah-Mars, R. K. Green, H. Kanakari, L. H. Mejia, K. D. Weaver, P. J. Boddie Apr 1995

Evaluation Of Earthquake-Induced Slope Displacements, S. Salah-Mars, R. K. Green, H. Kanakari, L. H. Mejia, K. D. Weaver, P. J. Boddie

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

A large landslide in San Jose, California, has experienced displacements during past earthquakes. Future earthquakes on the Hayward fault, which is located about a mile east of the slide, are expected to cause larger displacements. Potential deformations induced by a major earthquake (M 7) on the Hayward fault were evaluated using a non-linear dynamic finite element analysis.

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Seismic Stability Analysis Of A High Earth And Rockfill Dam, N. Deng, F. Ostadan, I. Arango, J. Marrone Apr 1995

Seismic Stability Analysis Of A High Earth And Rockfill Dam, N. Deng, F. Ostadan, I. Arango, J. Marrone

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Accumulation of knowledge on earthquake activity in California has lead to stronger ground motions being postulated for the evaluation of the seismic stability of dams. A recent regional seismicity study for a 555 ft high earth and rockfill dam in central California lead to a ground motion with peak ground acceleration (PGA) of 0.50g originating in a local fault system 3 miles from the dam site. This PGA is more than 6 times higher than the PGA=0.08g value originally adopted when the Dam was analyzed for seismic stability 20 years ago. Thus, as part of FERC Part 12 evaluation requirements, …

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Behavior And Damage Of Dams Under The 1993 Big Earthquakes In Japan, Tomoya Iwashita, Akira Nakamura, Nario Yasuda Apr 1995

Behavior And Damage Of Dams Under The 1993 Big Earthquakes In Japan, Tomoya Iwashita, Akira Nakamura, Nario Yasuda

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

By analyses of the acceleration records at dams during the two big earthquakes which hit in Hokkaido of Japan in 1993, the maximum acceleration at damsite rock, the maximum acceleration amplification ratios at crest and the natural periods of dam bodies were evaluated and were compared the results with empirical equations. Damage to the dams was described, and the mechanism of the deformations was examined.

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Some Aspects Of Liquefaction Assessment Of Duncan Dam, V. S. Pillai, R. A. Stewart, H. D. Plewes Apr 1995

Some Aspects Of Liquefaction Assessment Of Duncan Dam, V. S. Pillai, R. A. Stewart, H. D. Plewes

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

A comprehensive program of field, laboratory and analytical investigations was carried out to assess the potential for liquefaction of the foundation soils and seismic stability of Duncan Dam. Duncan Oam is located on Duncan River in southeastern British Columbia, Canada. The 39 m high zoned earthfill dam is founded on a thick sequence of sands, silts and gravels. The liquefaction studies were carried out in two phases between 1988 and 1992 to characterize in detail the engineering properties of the foundation soils; and to assess its potential for triggering liquefaction, and the post liquefaction stability and deformation of the dam …

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Earthquake-Induced Lateral Displacement Of A Landfill, Tzyy-Shiou Chang, Bao-Zhu Wei, Kuo-Ping Chang, Kenneth M. Hall Apr 1995

Earthquake-Induced Lateral Displacement Of A Landfill, Tzyy-Shiou Chang, Bao-Zhu Wei, Kuo-Ping Chang, Kenneth M. Hall

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

In the wake of stability failure of the Kettleman Hills Waste Repository on March 19, 1988, the stability of landfill mass in earthquake-prone areas has become an important issue in the community. Based on a proposed landfill site in the Memphis, Tennessee area, this paper studies behaviors of landfills under various landfill and earthquake conditions (height and slope angle of the landfill, average unit weight of the landfill refuse, and peak acceleration and time duration of bedrock motion) by calculating lateral displacements induced by a design earthquake. Results indicate that lateral displacement of a landfill is proportional to the slope …

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